A winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine and methods of use thereof

Abstract

A winch system for a small-diameter shaft tunneling machine and a method for using the same relate to a winch system of a shaft tunneling machine, a base straddling above a shaft, a chassis fixed on the upper part of the base, a motor, a speed reducer and a speed reduction motor fixed on the lower part of the upper chassis, a transmission shaft fixed on the output end of the speed reducer, an intermediate winch drum, a left winch drum and a right winch drum fixed on the transmission shaft from left to right in sequence, an intermediate winch fixed double pulley arranged in front of the intermediate winch drum, the rope outlet end of the steel wire rope on the intermediate winch drum winding around the intermediate winch fixed double pulley and connected with an intermediate winch double movable pulley arranged on the lower part of the base; hooks on the lower parts of the intermediate winch double movable pulley, a left winch double movable pulley and a right winch double movable pulley are connected with three lifting points of the shaft tunneling machine respectively; the winch system has simple structure and is convenient to use, and meets the working mode requirements of slow tunneling and fast in-out of the shaft tunneling machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a winch system for a shaft tunneling machine, and more particularly to a winch system for a small-diameter shaft tunneling machine and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, for small-diameter shafts (i.e., shafts with a diameter of less than 7 meters), at least three winches, three hydraulic jacks, and one pipeline conveying device are required at the shaft opening to meet the excavation requirements. However, due to the large number of devices and the limited circumference of a shaft opening with a diameter of less than 7 meters, it is impossible to arrange all of these devices. Furthermore, during tunneling operations, the tunneling machine requires both slow tunneling and rapid entry / exit from the shaft. Existing technologies do not offer a reasonable arrangement to meet these requirements. Therefore, proposing a winch system for small-diameter shaft tunneling machines with a reasonable arrangement that can meet the dual-speed working modes of slow tunneling and rapid entry / exit from the shaft, along with its operating method, has become a fundamental requirement for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention discloses a winch system for a small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machine and a method for using it.

[0004] To achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0005] A winch system for a small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machine includes a base, a chassis, a winch assembly, a motor, and a reducer. The base is a gantry bridge-type platform spanning above the vertical shaft. The chassis is triangular and fixed to the upper part of the base. The winch assembly has three sets: one set includes a left winch drum, a fixed single pulley for the left winch, and a fixed double pulley for the left winch; the second set includes a middle winch drum, a fixed double pulley for the middle winch, and a double moving pulley for the middle winch; the third set includes a right winch drum, a fixed double pulley for the right winch, and a double moving pulley for the right winch. A motor, a reducer, and a geared motor are fixed on one side of the lower part of the chassis. The output end of the motor is connected to the first input end of the reducer via a brake, and the output end of the geared motor is connected to the second input end of the reducer via a clutch. A drive shaft is fixed to the output end of the reducer. The middle winch drum, the left winch drum, and the right winch drum... The drums are fixed to the drive shaft from left to right. A double pulley for fixing the intermediate winch is located directly in front of the intermediate winch drum. The wire rope exiting the intermediate winch drum passes over the double pulley for fixing the intermediate winch and connects to the double moving pulley for fixing the intermediate winch located at the bottom of the base. The single pulley for fixing the left winch and the single pulley for fixing the right winch are fixed to the chassis on both sides in front of the double pulley for fixing the intermediate winch. The rope exiting the left winch drum passes over the single pulley for fixing the left winch and the double pulley for fixing the left winch and connects to the double moving pulley for fixing the left winch at the bottom of the base. The rope exiting the right winch drum passes over the single pulley for fixing the right winch and the double pulley for fixing the right winch and connects to the double moving pulley for fixing the right winch at the bottom of the base. Hooks are connected to the lower parts of the double moving pulleys for fixing the intermediate winch, the double moving pulleys for fixing the left winch, and the double moving pulleys for fixing the right winch and connecting to the three lifting points of the shaft boring machine.

[0006] The winch system for small-diameter shaft tunneling machines is described above, wherein the base is fixed to the outer edge of the shaft opening by four pillars.

[0007] The winch system for small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines is described above, wherein the clutch is a hydraulic clutch and an oil pipe connected to an external hydraulic station is provided on the hydraulic clutch.

[0008] The winch system for small-diameter shaft tunneling machines has double-moving pulleys in the middle winch, left winch, and right winch, which are evenly distributed at 120° to the center of the shaft.

[0009] The winch system for small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines has the left winch fixed double pulley and the right winch fixed double pulley fixed on both sides of the lower part of the chassis.

[0010] The winch system for small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines is provided with through holes on the chassis for the wire ropes to pass through the middle winch drum, the left winch drum, and the right winch drum, respectively.

[0011] The winch system for small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines described herein has the following connection structure between the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum and the left winch double-moving pulley, the middle winch double-moving pulley, and the right winch double-moving pulley at the lower part of the base:

[0012] The wire rope exiting the drum of the left winch passes through the fixed single pulley of the left winch. After the wire rope turns, it passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley of the left winch, passes through the chassis, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double moving pulley of the left winch at the lower part of the base. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the chassis to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley of the left winch, then goes downward through the chassis and winds around to the second pulley of the double moving pulley of the left winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base.

[0013] The wire rope exiting the drum of the intermediate winch passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley of the intermediate winch, passes through the chassis, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double moving pulley of the intermediate winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the chassis to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley of the intermediate winch, then goes downward through the chassis and winds around to the second pulley of the double moving pulley of the intermediate winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base.

[0014] The wire rope exiting the drum of the right winch passes through the fixed single pulley of the right winch. After turning, the wire rope passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley of the right winch, passes through the chassis, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double moving pulley of the right winch at the lower part of the base. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the chassis to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley of the right winch, then goes downward through the chassis to the second pulley of the double moving pulley of the right winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base.

[0015] The winch system for a small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machine has expanded-diameter stepped rings A on both sides of the drive shaft. Narrowed stepped rings B are located in the middle of the inner walls of the left and right winch drums. Clutch adjustment devices are provided between stepped rings A and B on both sides. Each clutch adjustment device includes an adjusting bolt, a self-lubricating bearing, a disc spring, and a clamping screw. A self-lubricating bearing is provided between stepped rings A and B on the left side (D), with the rear of the adjusting bolt located inside the self-lubricating bearing. A pressure plate is fixed to the left end of stepped rings A and B, located between the drive shaft and the left winch drum. A pressure plate is also fixed to the right end of stepped rings A and B, located between the drive shaft and the left winch drum. An outer end cover is fixed, and a brake shoe is provided on the axial direction of the outer end cover by a clamping screw. The inner end face of the brake shoe contacts the right end face of the stepped ring A. The rear end of the adjusting bolt passes through the outer end cover and is fixed by a locking nut. The front part of the adjusting bolt passes through the pressure plate. A disc spring is set on the outside of the front part of the adjusting bolt. The locking nut at the front end of the adjusting bolt presses the disc spring cover onto the front end face of the disc spring. The locking nut in the groove on the right end face of the pressure plate locks the rear part of the adjusting bolt into the self-lubricating bearing. An L-shaped key is fixed between the outer left side of the pressure plate and the outer circular surface of the drive shaft. The clamping screw passes through the L-shaped key axially. The pressure plate presses the brake shoe against the left end face of the stepped ring A. A safety brake is connected to the left winch drum.

[0016] A method for using a winch system for a small-diameter shaft boring machine, wherein the working steps are as follows during the rapid lifting and lowering mode of the shaft boring machine:

[0017] (1) When the deceleration motor is de-energized, the clutch is disengaged from the reducer through the control of the external hydraulic station; the brake is released, the motor is energized, and the reducer drives the transmission shaft.

[0018] (2) The drive shaft drives the wire ropes on the middle winch drum, the left winch drum, and the right winch drum to come out. The ropes are connected to the three lifting points on the shaft tunneling machine through the hooks at the bottom of the double-acting pulleys of the left winch, the middle winch, and the right winch, so that the shaft tunneling machine is lowered down synchronously and smoothly. When the shaft tunneling machine is lifted synchronously and smoothly, the motor is rotated in the opposite direction, which drives the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum on the drive shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the wire ropes are wound onto the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum.

[0019] When the left winch drum, right winch drum and middle winch drum are not raised and lowered in sync, the safety brake engages, the clamping screw on the outside is manually loosened, the L-shaped key is removed, the locking nut on the left side of the disc spring cover is unscrewed, and the preload of the disc spring is released. At this time, the drive shaft generates relative movement at the self-lubricating bearing, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the left winch drum or the right winch drum.

[0020] A method for using a winch system for a small-diameter shaft boring machine, wherein the working steps are as follows during the slow descent mode of the shaft boring machine:

[0021] (1) When the motor is de-energized, the brake 7 engages, and the clutch is connected to the reducer through the external hydraulic station control. The reducer motor drives the reducer to drive the transmission shaft.

[0022] (2) The drive shaft drives the wire ropes on the middle winch drum, the left winch drum, and the right winch drum to come out. The ropes are connected to the three lifting points on the shaft tunneling machine through the hooks at the bottom of the double-acting pulleys of the left winch, the middle winch, and the right winch, so that the shaft tunneling machine is lowered down synchronously and smoothly. When the shaft tunneling machine is lifted synchronously and smoothly, the motor is rotated in the opposite direction, which drives the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum on the drive shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the wire ropes are wound onto the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum.

[0023] When the left winch drum, right winch drum and middle winch drum are not raised and lowered in sync, the safety brake engages, the clamping screw on the outside is manually loosened, the L-shaped key is removed, the locking nut on the left side of the disc spring cover is unscrewed, and the preload of the disc spring is released. At this time, the drive shaft generates relative movement at the self-lubricating bearing, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the left winch drum or the right winch drum.

[0024] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The winch system and its usage method for small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines described in this invention utilize a gantry bridge-type platform as a base, with three winch devices arranged above it. Sufficient space is left around the shaft opening for three hydraulic jacks and one pipeline conveying device, while also reserving space for segment lifting and installation. The wire ropes on both drums change direction via horizontal fixed pulleys, ensuring that the three movable pulley lifting points are evenly distributed at 120° to the shaft center, achieving the goal of evenly bearing 1 / 3 of the tunneling machine's weight. Furthermore, all three winch devices are double pulley and double movable pulley structures. The hook achieves a lifting force of four times the breaking force of a single wire rope through a 4x rope winding ratio. The wire ropes on the three drums can be adjusted in length individually via internal clutch adjustment devices, allowing for adjustments based on rope output to ensure the tunneling machine remains level. This invention features a simple structure and convenient operation, meeting the needs of both slow tunneling and rapid entry / exit modes for vertical shaft tunneling machines. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pulley connection of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clutch adjustment device of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Gantry bridge platform; 2. Chassis; 3. Middle winch drum; 4. Left winch drum; 5. Right winch drum; 6. Motor; 7. Brake; 8. Reducer; 9. Clutch; 10. Gear motor; 11. Fixed double pulleys of the middle winch; 12. Fixed single pulley of the left winch; 13. Fixed single pulley of the right winch; 14. Fixed double pulleys of the left winch; 15. Fixed double pulleys of the right winch; 16. Double moving pulley of the middle winch; 17. Double moving pulley of the left winch; 18. Double moving pulley of the right winch; 19. Clamping screw; 20. L-shaped key; 21. Pressure plate; 22. Brake shoe; 23. Self-lubricating bearing; 24. Disc spring cover; 25. Disc spring; 26. Drive shaft; 27. Safety brake; 28. Adjusting bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be explained in detail through the following embodiments. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0031] Combined with appendix Figure 1-3The winch system for a small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machine includes a base, a chassis 2, a winch device, a motor 6, and a reducer 8. The base is a gantry bridge platform 1, spanning above the vertical shaft. The chassis 2 is triangular and fixed to the upper part of the base. The winch device has three sets. One set includes a left winch drum 4, a left winch fixed single pulley 12, and a left winch fixed double pulley 14. The second set includes a middle winch drum 3, a middle winch fixed double pulley 11, and a middle winch double moving pulley 1. 6. The third group includes a right-side winch drum 5, a right-side winch fixed double pulley 15, and a right-side winch double moving pulley 18. A motor 6, a reducer 8, and a geared motor 10 are fixed on one side of the lower part of the chassis 2. The output end of the motor 6 is connected to the first input end of the reducer 8 via a brake 7. The output end of the geared motor 10 is connected to the second input end of the reducer 8 via a clutch 9. A drive shaft 26 is fixed to the output end of the reducer 8. The middle winch drum 3, the left-side winch drum 4, and the right-side winch drum... The drum 5 is fixed to the drive shaft 26 from left to right. A double pulley 11 for fixing the intermediate winch drum 3 is provided in front of it. The wire rope output end on the intermediate winch drum 3 passes over the double pulley 11 and connects to the double moving pulley 16 of the intermediate winch located at the bottom of the base. The single pulley 12 for fixing the left winch and the single pulley 13 for fixing the right winch are fixed to the base 2 on both sides in front of the double pulley 11 for fixing the intermediate winch. The output end of the left winch drum 4 passes over the left side in sequence. The winch fixed single pulley 12 and the left winch fixed double pulley 14 are connected to the left winch double moving pulley 17 at the bottom of the base; the rope outlet on the right winch drum 5 passes through the right winch fixed single pulley 13 and the right winch fixed double pulley 15 in sequence and is connected to the right winch double moving pulley 18 at the bottom of the base; the lower parts of the middle winch double moving pulley 16, the left winch double moving pulley 17, and the right winch double moving pulley 18 are all connected to hooks, which are respectively connected to the three lifting points of the shaft tunneling machine.

[0032] The winch system for small-diameter shaft tunneling machines has a base fixed to the outer edge of the shaft opening by four pillars to bear the weight of all equipment and the lifting force.

[0033] The winch system for small-diameter shaft tunneling machines is described above. The clutch 9 is a hydraulic clutch, and the hydraulic clutch is provided with an oil pipe connected to an external hydraulic station for controlling the clutch 9 to disengage or connect with the reducer 8.

[0034] The winch system for small-diameter shaft tunneling machines has a middle winch double-moving pulley 16, a left winch double-moving pulley 17, and a right winch double-moving pulley 18 evenly distributed at 120° to the center of the shaft, enabling the lifting and lowering of the shaft tunneling machine.

[0035] The winch system for small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines has the left winch fixed double pulley 14 and the right winch fixed double pulley 15 fixed on the lower sides of the chassis 2, respectively.

[0036] The winch system for small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machines is provided with through holes on the chassis 2, which are used to pass through the wire ropes on the middle winch drum 3, the left winch drum 4, and the right winch drum 5, respectively.

[0037] The winch system for the small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machine described herein has the following connection structure between the left winch drum 4, the middle winch drum 3, and the right winch drum 5 and the left winch double-moving pulley 17, the middle winch double-moving pulley 16, and the right winch double-moving pulley 18 at the lower part of the base:

[0038] The wire rope exiting the drum 4 of the left winch passes through the fixed single pulley 12 of the left winch. After the wire rope turns, it passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley 14 of the left winch, passes through the chassis 2, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double moving pulley 17 of the left winch at the lower part of the base. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the chassis 2 to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley 14 of the left winch, and then goes downward through the chassis 2 to the second pulley of the double moving pulley 17 of the left winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base.

[0039] The wire rope exiting the drum 3 of the intermediate winch passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley 11 of the intermediate winch, passes through the base plate 2, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double moving pulley 16 of the intermediate winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the base plate 2 to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley 11 of the intermediate winch, and then goes downward through the base plate 2 to the second pulley of the double moving pulley 16 of the intermediate winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base.

[0040] The wire rope exiting the drum 5 of the right winch passes through the fixed single pulley 13 of the right winch. After the wire rope turns, it passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley 15 of the right winch, passes through the chassis 2, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double-moving pulley 18 of the right winch at the lower part of the base. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the chassis 2 to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley 15 of the right winch, and then goes downward through the chassis 2 to the second pulley of the double-moving pulley 18 of the right winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base.

[0041] The winch system for a small-diameter vertical shaft tunneling machine has expanded-diameter stepped rings A on both sides of the drive shaft 26. Narrowed stepped rings B are provided in the middle of the inner walls of the left winch drum 4 and the right winch drum 5. Clutch adjustment devices are provided between stepped rings A and B on both sides. Each clutch adjustment device includes an adjusting bolt 28, a self-lubricating bearing 23, a disc spring 25, and a clamping screw 19. A self-lubricating bearing 23 is provided between stepped rings A and B on the left side (D). The rear part of the adjusting bolt 28 is located inside the self-lubricating bearing 23. A pressure plate 21 is fixed to the left end of the left stepped rings A and B, between the drive shaft 26 and the left winch drum 4. An outer end cover 29 is fixed to the right end of the left stepped rings A and B, between the drive shaft 26 and the left winch drum 4. A brake shoe 22 is provided in the axial direction of the 29 and is clamped by a clamping screw 19. The inner end face of the brake shoe 22 is in contact with the right end face of the stepped ring A. The rear end of the adjusting bolt 28 passes through the outer end cover 29 and is fixed by a locking nut. The front part of the adjusting bolt 28 passes through the pressure plate 21. A disc spring 25 is provided on the outside of the front part of the adjusting bolt 28. The locking nut at the front end of the adjusting bolt 28 clamps the disc spring cover 24 onto the front end face of the disc spring 25. The locking nut in the groove on the right end face of the pressure plate 21 locks the rear part of the adjusting bolt 28 into the self-lubricating bearing 23. An L-shaped key 20 is fixed between the outer left side of the pressure plate 21 and the outer circular surface of the drive shaft 26. The clamping screw 19 passes through the L-shaped key 20 and the pressure plate 21 in the axial direction and clamps the brake shoe 22 against the left end face of the stepped ring A. A safety brake 27 is connected to the left winch drum 4.

[0042] The middle winch drum 3 is fixed to the drive shaft 26. The left winch drum 4 and the right winch drum 5 are equipped with clutch adjustment devices between themselves and the drive shaft 26. When the wire rope lengths are different, they are used to adjust them to be the same to ensure the horizontal posture of the shaft tunneling machine.

[0043] The method for using the winch system for small-diameter shaft tunneling machines, in the rapid lifting and lowering mode of the shaft tunneling machine, includes the following steps:

[0044] (1) When the deceleration motor 10 is de-energized, the clutch 9 is disengaged from the reducer 8 by the control of the external hydraulic station; the brake 7 is released, the motor 6 is energized, and the reducer 8 drives the transmission shaft 26 to transmit power.

[0045] (2) The drive shaft 26 drives the wire ropes on the middle winch drum 3, the left winch drum 4, and the right winch drum 5 to exit. The wire ropes are connected to the three lifting points on the shaft tunneling machine through the hooks at the bottom of the left winch double-acting pulley 17, the middle winch double-acting pulley 16, and the right winch double-acting pulley 18, so that the shaft tunneling machine is lowered synchronously and smoothly. When the shaft tunneling machine is lifted synchronously and smoothly, the motor 6 is rotated in the opposite direction, which drives the left winch drum 4, the middle winch drum 3, and the right winch drum 5 on the drive shaft 26 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the wire ropes are wound onto the left winch drum 4, the middle winch drum 3, and the right winch drum 5.

[0046] When the left winch drum 4, right winch drum 5 and middle winch drum 3 are not raised and lowered synchronously, the safety brake 27 engages, the clamping screw 19 on the outside is manually released, the L-shaped key 20 is removed, the locking nut on the left side of the disc spring cover 24 is unscrewed, and the preload of the disc spring 25 is released. At this time, the drive shaft 26 generates relative movement at the self-lubricating bearing 23, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the left winch drum 4 or the right winch drum 5.

[0047] When the shaft boring machine is in slow lowering mode, the working steps are as follows:

[0048] (1) When the motor 6 is de-energized, the brake 7 engages, and the clutch 9 is connected to the reducer 8 through the external hydraulic station control. The reducer motor 10 drives the reducer 8 to drive the transmission shaft 26.

[0049] (2) The drive shaft 26 drives the wire ropes on the middle winch drum 3, the left winch drum 4, and the right winch drum 5 to exit. The wire ropes are connected to the three lifting points on the shaft tunneling machine through the hooks at the bottom of the left winch double-acting pulley 17, the middle winch double-acting pulley 16, and the right winch double-acting pulley 18, so that the shaft tunneling machine is lowered synchronously and smoothly. When the shaft tunneling machine is lifted synchronously and smoothly, the motor 6 is rotated in the opposite direction, which drives the left winch drum 4, the middle winch drum 3, and the right winch drum 5 on the drive shaft 26 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the wire ropes are wound onto the left winch drum 4, the middle winch drum 3, and the right winch drum 5.

[0050] When the left winch drum 4, the right winch drum 5 and the middle winch drum 3 are not raised and lowered synchronously, the safety brake 27 engages, the clamping screw 19 on the outside is manually released, the L-shaped key 20 is removed, the locking nut on the left side of the disc spring cover 24 is unscrewed, and the preload of the disc spring 25 is released. At this time, the drive shaft 26 generates relative movement at the self-lubricating bearing 23, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the left winch drum 4 or the right winch drum 5.

[0051] The parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art.

[0052] The embodiments selected herein for the purpose of disclosing the inventive objectives are currently considered suitable; however, it should be understood that the invention is intended to include all variations and modifications of the embodiments that fall within the scope of this concept and invention.

Claims

1. A winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine comprising a base, a chassis, a winch device, a motor and a reducer, characterized in that: The base is a portal bridge type platform, which is horizontally arranged above the vertical shaft, and the chassis is triangular and fixed to the upper part of the base. The winch device is provided with three groups, one of which includes a left winch drum, a left winch fixed single pulley and a left winch fixed double pulley, the second group includes a middle winch drum, a middle winch fixed double pulley and a middle winch double movable pulley, and the third group includes a right winch drum, a right winch fixed double pulley and a right winch double movable pulley. A motor, a speed reducer and a speed reduction motor are fixed to the lower part of the chassis. The output end of the motor is connected to the first input end of the speed reducer through a brake, and the output end of the speed reduction motor is connected to the second input end of the speed reducer through a clutch. The output end of the speed reducer is fixed with a transmission shaft. The middle winch drum, the left winch drum and the right winch drum are sequentially fixed to the transmission shaft from left to right. A middle winch fixed double pulley is arranged in front of the middle winch drum. The out rope end of the steel wire rope on the middle winch drum is connected to the middle winch double movable pulley arranged at the lower part of the base through the middle winch fixed double pulley. The left winch fixed single pulley and the right winch fixed single pulley are respectively fixed to the chassis on the two sides in front of the middle winch fixed double pulley. The out rope end of the left winch drum sequentially passes through the left winch fixed single pulley, the left winch fixed double pulley and is connected to the left winch double movable pulley arranged at the lower part of the base. The out rope end of the right winch drum sequentially passes through the right winch fixed single pulley, the right winch fixed double pulley and is connected to the right winch double movable pulley arranged at the lower part of the base. The lower parts of the middle winch double movable pulley, the left winch double movable pulley and the right winch double movable pulley are connected with hooks, and the hooks are connected with three lifting points of the vertical shaft tunneling machine. Step rings A with expanded diameters are arranged on the outer parts of the two sides of the transmission shaft. Step rings B with necked diameters are arranged on the inner walls of the middle parts of the left winch drum and the right winch drum. Clutch adjusting devices are arranged between the step rings A and the step rings B on the two sides. Any one of the clutch adjusting devices includes an adjusting bolt, a self-lubricating bearing, a disc spring and a compression screw. The self-lubricating bearing is arranged between the step ring A and the step ring B on the left side D. The rear part of the adjusting bolt is arranged in the self-lubricating bearing. The outer part of the left end of the step ring A and the step ring B is fixed with a compression plate between the transmission shaft and the left winch drum. The outer part of the right end of the step ring A and the step ring B is fixed with an outer end cover between the transmission shaft and the left winch drum. A brake shoe is arranged on the axial direction of the outer end cover and is compressed by the compression screw. The inner end surface of the brake shoe is in contact with the right end surface of the step ring A. The rear end of the adjusting bolt is fixed through a locking nut after passing through the outer end cover. The front part of the adjusting bolt passes through the compression plate. The disc spring is arranged on the outer part of the front part of the adjusting bolt. The front end surface of the disc spring is compressed by the locking nut on the front end of the adjusting bolt. The rear part of the adjusting bolt is locked in the self-lubricating bearing by the locking nut in the groove on the right end surface of the compression plate. An L-shaped key is arranged between the left outer surface of the compression plate and the outer circular surface of the transmission shaft. The compression screw axially passes through the L-shaped key and the compression plate to tightly press the brake shoe on the left end surface of the step ring A. A safety brake is connected to the left winch drum.

2. A winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine according to claim 1 characterised in that: The base is fixed to the outer edge of the shaft opening by four pillars.

3. The winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine of claim 1, characterized by: The clutch is a hydraulic clutch, and an oil pipe is provided on the hydraulic clutch to connect to an external hydraulic station.

4. The winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine of claim 1, characterized by: The double-moving pulleys of the middle winch, the left winch, and the right winch are evenly distributed at 120° to the center of the shaft.

5. The winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine of claim 1, characterized by: The left winch fixed double pulley and the right winch fixed double pulley are respectively fixed on the lower two sides of the chassis.

6. The winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine of claim 1, characterized by: Each of the chassis has through holes for the wire ropes to pass through the middle winch drum, the left winch drum, and the right winch drum, respectively.

7. The winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine of claim 1, characterized by: The connection structure between the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum and the left winch double-moving pulley, the middle winch double-moving pulley, and the right winch double-moving pulley at the lower part of the base is as follows: The wire rope exiting the drum of the left winch passes through the fixed single pulley of the left winch. After the wire rope turns, it passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley of the left winch, passes through the chassis, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double moving pulley of the left winch at the lower part of the base. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the chassis to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley of the left winch, then goes downward through the chassis and winds around to the second pulley of the double moving pulley of the left winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base. The wire rope exiting the drum of the intermediate winch passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley of the intermediate winch, passes through the chassis, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double moving pulley of the intermediate winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the chassis to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley of the intermediate winch, then goes downward through the chassis and winds around to the second pulley of the double moving pulley of the intermediate winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base. The wire rope exiting the drum of the right winch passes through the fixed single pulley of the right winch. After turning, the wire rope passes through the first pulley of the fixed double pulley of the right winch, passes through the chassis, and then winds around to the first pulley of the double moving pulley of the right winch at the lower part of the base. The wire rope reverses and goes upward through the chassis to the second pulley of the fixed double pulley of the right winch, then goes downward through the chassis to the second pulley of the double moving pulley of the right winch. The wire rope reverses and goes upward to be fixed to the bottom of the base.

8. The method of using a winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine of any of claims 1-7, wherein When the shaft boring machine is in rapid lifting and lowering mode, the working steps are as follows: (1) When the deceleration motor is de-energized, the clutch is disengaged from the reducer through the control of the external hydraulic station; the brake is released, the motor is energized, and the reducer drives the transmission shaft. (2) The drive shaft drives the wire ropes on the middle winch drum, the left winch drum, and the right winch drum to come out. The ropes are connected to the three lifting points on the shaft tunneling machine through the hooks at the bottom of the double-acting pulleys of the left winch, the middle winch, and the right winch, so that the shaft tunneling machine is lowered down synchronously and smoothly. When the shaft tunneling machine is lifted synchronously and smoothly, the motor is rotated in the opposite direction, which drives the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum on the drive shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the wire ropes are wound onto the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum. When the left winch drum, right winch drum and middle winch drum are not raised and lowered in sync, the safety brake engages, the clamping screw on the outside is manually loosened, the L-shaped key is removed, the locking nut on the left side of the disc spring cover is unscrewed, and the preload of the disc spring is released. At this time, the drive shaft generates relative movement at the self-lubricating bearing, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the left winch drum or the right winch drum.

9. The method of using a winch system for a small diameter raise boring machine of any of claims 1-7, wherein When the shaft boring machine is in slow lowering mode, the working steps are as follows: (1) When the motor is de-energized, the brake 7 engages, and the clutch is connected to the reducer through the external hydraulic station control. The reducer motor drives the reducer to drive the transmission shaft. (2) The drive shaft drives the wire ropes on the middle winch drum, the left winch drum, and the right winch drum to come out. The ropes are connected to the three lifting points on the shaft tunneling machine through the hooks at the bottom of the double-acting pulleys of the left winch, the middle winch, and the right winch, so that the shaft tunneling machine is lowered down synchronously and smoothly. When the shaft tunneling machine is lifted synchronously and smoothly, the motor is rotated in the opposite direction, which drives the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum on the drive shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the wire ropes are wound onto the left winch drum, the middle winch drum, and the right winch drum. When the left winch drum, right winch drum and middle winch drum are not raised and lowered in sync, the safety brake engages, the clamping screw on the outside is manually loosened, the L-shaped key is removed, the locking nut on the left side of the disc spring cover is unscrewed, and the preload of the disc spring is released. At this time, the drive shaft generates relative movement at the self-lubricating bearing, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment of the left winch drum or the right winch drum.

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