Track-mounted pile driver connected to the excavator bucket shaft

Abstract

The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of the excavator belongs to the technical field of pile drivers. The rod body is installed on the penetrating hammer assembly, and the propulsion system provides reciprocating power for the penetrating hammer assembly. The combination of the hydraulic static jacking provided by the propulsion system and the impact hammer provided by the penetrating hammer assembly acts on the rod body. The frame body is installed on the mechanical arm of the excavator through a flip capstan, and the support rod assembly is installed on the frame body to support the rod body. The present invention is designed to be rail-type - ① making it possible to "drive the anchor rod according to the expected position and angle of the anchor rod"; ② the driving efficiency is high, making "large-scale production or construction" possible; ③ the travel trajectory is as linear as possible to reduce the driving resistance, reduce the disturbance to the soil around the pile, reduce the damage to the pile body, protect the anchor rod from breaking or bending as much as possible, ensure the completion of the piling process, the good appearance of the work results and meet the needs of subsequent operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pile drivers, and in particular relates to a track-type pile driver connected to a bucket shaft of an excavator. Background Art

[0002] Pile drivers, anchor rods and other driving equipment initially use wooden anchor rods to anchor the slopes (similar to soil nail protection).

[0003] The first three tests - the first one was vertical pressure, which was barely successful; the second one was slope pressure with arms stretched out, which was very unsuccessful; the third one was to connect the pile end casing with a hydraulic vibratory hammer, with pressure and vibration, which was barely successful, but the efficiency was very low, and the connecting bolts were damaged after one test.

[0004] Analyzing the reasons for the failure: The coordinated movement of the excavator's boom, arm, and bucket (bucket shaft) is a spatial combination movement. The position of the bucket shaft is constantly changing, and the spatial angle in the vertical plane is also constantly changing. Because during the anchor rod advancement process, the position of the pile head changes, but the spatial angle of the pile head cannot change, because the part buried in the soil has determined its angle. Regardless of whether the excavator's bucket shaft is connected to the bucket or other tools or components, its spatial position can match the pile head, but the force angle is difficult to match the forward direction of the pile head at all times, so the anchor rod will bend or break. Moreover, in the spatial combination movement of the excavator's boom, arm, and bucket (bucket shaft), it is difficult to simultaneously match the position and force angle of the tool connected to the bucket shaft with the pile head. In particular, the farther the pile driving position is from the excavator mainframe, the greater the visual error of the operator, and the greater the difficulty of operation.

[0005] One of the gains from many tests was the discovery that vibration piling was much more effective than static pile driving alone.

[0006] In addition, the anchor rod is frequently subjected to bending forces during its movement, which will cause the movement trajectory to be curved, increase the driving resistance, and cause great disturbance to the soil around the pile. The middle section of the anchor rod is very prone to brittle fracture or vibration fatigue fracture, which will cause great damage to the pile body.

[0007] After numerous tests, we concluded that a track-type device must be attached to the excavator bucket shaft to allow the pile to move within a fixed track. The excavator's main function is to deliver the external device to the bucket shaft and fix it at the desired position and angle according to the desired anchor position and driving angle.

[0008] Since excavators are equipped with "reserved hydraulic pipe" channels when they leave the factory, and the excavator's flexible self-propelledness, 360-degree flexible rotation on the plane, and flexible operability in the vertical plane after the arm combination, it provides many possibilities for configuring various additional small and medium-sized equipment or components based on the hydraulic system at the front end of the excavator to perform other engineering operations. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention further provides a track-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0011] A track-mounted pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator comprises a penetrating hammer assembly, a tilting capstan, a rod support assembly, a propulsion system and a frame; the rod body is mounted on the penetrating hammer assembly, the propulsion system provides reciprocating power for the penetrating hammer assembly, and the combination of the hydraulic static jacking provided by the propulsion system and the impact hammer provided by the penetrating hammer assembly acts on the rod body; the frame is mounted on the mechanical arm of the excavator via the tilting capstan, and the rod support assembly is mounted on the frame to support the rod body.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The present invention is designed as a track type - ① making it possible to "drive the anchor rod according to the expected position and angle of the anchor rod"; ② the high driving efficiency makes "large-scale production or construction" possible; ③ the travel trajectory is as linear as possible, reducing driving resistance, reducing disturbance to the soil around the pile, reducing damage to the pile body, protecting the anchor rod from breakage or bending as much as possible, ensuring the completion of the piling process, and ensuring that the work results have a good appearance and meet the needs of subsequent operations.

[0014] 2. The guide sleeve of the present invention is freely mounted with a small gap at the hammer head of the impact front hammer, and can move freely forward and backward. When the guide sleeve encounters a small obstacle, the impact front hammer can be temporarily separated from the guide sleeve, and the impact front hammer continues to complete the operation; when the guide sleeve encounters a large obstacle, including the ground, the impact front hammer can be temporarily separated from the guide sleeve, and the impact front hammer continues to work, for example, the hammer head performs down-the-hole operation to drive the pile foundation a small distance underground; it is conducive to the flexible arrangement of other components in the whole set of equipment, so that the overall equipment component layout is compact and reasonable, and the space is minimized. The spring is used in conjunction with the guide sleeve. In most cases, the spring supports the guide sleeve in the initial position. When encountering an obstacle, the spring forces the guide sleeve to return to the initial position after the hammering is completed. It solves the problem of frequent welds between the welded guide sleeve and the hammer head of the front hammer; solves the problem that the end or end section of the pile driving equipment is difficult to work, the pile head left is large, or even a small amount of underground down-the-hole operation cannot be carried out; solves the problem that the whole set of equipment is difficult to arrange other components in space and occupies a large space due to the existence of local components.

[0015] 3. The present invention adopts a method of presetting the elevation and depression angles on the capstan. Under the premise that the "total rotation angle is 165°" in the direction of a single angle side vector (excluding the reverse extension line) remains unchanged, only one of the elevation and depression angles is used to effectively adjust the actual section of the angle in the vertical plane of the space, which is well matched with the actual angle requirements of the project.

[0016] 4. The present invention is equipped with two power sources, static and impact, under the premise of minimizing the volume and total weight of the equipment. This not only ensures that the total power can provide sufficient piling power, but also can give full play to the advantages of the two powers, especially the advantages of impact (vibration) power in the piling process.

[0017] 5. The present invention sets a rod support device at the middle section of the rod body (pile or anchor rod) to limit the deformation of the middle part of the rod body, make the travel trajectory as linear as possible, reduce the driving resistance, reduce the disturbance of the soil around the rod body, reduce the damage to the rod body, protect the rod body from breaking or bending as much as possible, and ensure the completion of the piling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is an axonometric drawing of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a main sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the penetration hammer assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shank tail structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hammer before impact of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the guide sleeve of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flip capstan structure when the side plate of the present invention has two shaft holes;

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Bottom view of

[0026] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 A top view of

[0027] Figure 10 yes Figure 7 Side view of;

[0028] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 AA cross-sectional view;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a front view of the curved rib plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 is a side view of the curved rib plate of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of the flip capstan structure when the side stand has three shaft holes;

[0032] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0033] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the rotation range of the excavator bucket of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the working blind spot of the excavator of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the propulsion system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the first chain structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 20 It is a schematic diagram of the second chain structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 21 It is an axonometric view of the pulley seat of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 23 This is an axonometric view of the middle section support rod mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 24 This is a front view of the middle section support rod mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 25 This is an axonometric view of the lower centering device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 26 This is an axonometric view of the first square-mouthed trough body of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 27 This is an axonometric view of the second square-mouthed trough body of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the second pulling rope structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the first pulling rope structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 30 This is a state diagram before construction of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 31 It is a state diagram of the actual construction of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The track-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator of the present invention includes a penetrating hammer head assembly 1, a flip capstan 3, a support rod assembly 5, a propulsion system 6 and a frame 7; the rod body 2 (pile or anchor rod) is installed on the penetrating hammer head assembly 1, and the propulsion system 6 provides reciprocating power for the penetrating hammer head assembly 1. The combination of the hydraulic static jacking provided by the propulsion system 6 and the impact hammer 101 (using a pneumatic impact hammer) provided by the penetrating hammer head assembly 1 acts on the rod body 2 to complete the piling operation. The frame 7 is installed on the mechanical arm of the excavator through the flip capstan 3. The flip capstan 3 uses the mechanical arm of the excavator to provide a larger working angle range for the frame 7 to avoid dead angles. The support rod assembly 5 is installed on the frame 7 to support the rod body 2 to prevent the rod body 2 from bending.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the penetration hammer head assembly 1 includes an impact hammer 101, an impact front hammer 103, a guide sleeve 104 and a spring 105; the working end of the impact hammer 101 is connected to the impact front hammer 103, and the working end of the impact front hammer 103 is connected to the rod body 2, the guide sleeve 104 is movably sleeved on the impact front hammer 103, and is located at the connection between the impact front hammer 103 and the rod body 2, and a spring 105 is connected between the guide sleeve 104 and the working end of the impact hammer 101.

[0052] like Figure 3 、 Figure 6 As shown, the guide sleeve 104 is a coaxial tube with different diameters and equal wall thickness. The small diameter end of the guide sleeve 104 is gap-fitted on the working end of the impact front hammer 103. The working end of the impact front hammer 105 is provided with an annular protrusion 106. The annular protrusion 106 is arranged in the large diameter end of the guide sleeve 104, and the outer diameter of the annular protrusion 106 is larger than the inner diameter of the small diameter end of the guide sleeve 104.

[0053] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the working end of the impact hammer 101 is connected to the shank 102 on the tube body of the impact hammer 101 through a spline. The working end of the shank 102 is provided with a central blind hole 108, and the inner wall of the central blind hole 108 is provided with an internal thread. The fixed end of the impact front hammer 105 is provided with an external thread, and the impact front hammer 105 is threadedly connected to the shank 102.

[0054] like Figure 3 、 Figure 5As shown, an annular boss 107 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the shank 102, and the annular boss 107 is provided between the impact hammer 101 and the central blind hole 108 of the shank 102. One end of the spring 105 abuts against the annular boss 107 of the shank 102, and the other end of the spring 105 abuts against the outer step surface of the guide sleeve 104.

[0055] The front end of the impact front hammer 103 is a component used for striking or an extension of a component used for striking.

[0056] The guide sleeve 104 is used to connect, fix or limit the end of the striking object (a long pile with a square or circular cross-section).

[0057] When the impact front hammer 103 is not being inserted, the position of the guide sleeve 104 is defined as the initial position - it is inserted into the sleeve and stuck on the annular protrusion 106 of the impact front hammer 103, so that the end of the striking object installed therein is well docked with the impact front hammer 103 - as centered, coaxial and in contact as possible, to facilitate coaxial striking and continuous force.

[0058] When the impact front hammer 103 is performing the penetration operation, the guide sleeve 104 is relatively stationary after encountering an obstacle, and the small diameter end of the guide sleeve 104 is separated from the impact front hammer 103 and moves relatively backward along the middle hammer body of the impact front hammer 103.

[0059] When the penetration operation of the impact front hammer 103 is completed and the entire body is reset, the guide sleeve 104 returns to its initial position according to the reverse process of the previous step, that is, it is sleeved and stuck at the annular protrusion 106 of the impact front hammer 103.

[0060] The carbon steel wire spring 105 has its front end against the guide sleeve 104 and its rear end against the shank 102 (the position is optional, stable at the cross-section mutation point, and the compression length provided by the spring should be guaranteed to meet the relative movement requirements of the guide sleeve).

[0061] When the impact front hammer 103 does not perform the penetration operation, the spring 105 is used to fix or stabilize the guide sleeve 104 in the initial position; when the impact front hammer 103 performs the penetration operation, the spring 105 is passively compressed to meet the requirement of the guide sleeve 104 to move backward relative to each other; when the impact front hammer 103 completes the penetration operation and is reset as a whole and leaves the obstacle, the spring 105 forces the guide sleeve 104 to return to the initial position.

[0062] When the fixed or stable guide sleeve 104 is in the initial position, the spring 105 should have sufficient pressure; when the guide sleeve 104 moves backward relative to each other, the spring 105 should have sufficient compression space; during the backward relative movement and reset process of the guide sleeve 104, the spring 105 should have a moderate stiffness coefficient (stiffness) to ensure that the guide sleeve 104 can move backward smoothly and reset forward.

[0063] Springs 105 are commonly used, bulky accessories and consumable parts, available in a wide variety of styles and models. In practical applications, springs with appropriate technical parameters such as length and stiffness can be selected based on the characteristics and requirements of the supporting equipment, the impact target, and the project being implemented. This can even involve multiple adjustments or custom fabrication.

[0064] Case of the penetration hammer assembly 1: The following dimensions are all in mm;

[0065] 1. Impact front hammer 103, high performance steel, one-piece; the middle hammer body is Φ88 cylindrical, 470 long; the hammer head of the impact front hammer 103 is Φ95 cylindrical, 20 long.

[0066] 2. Guide sleeve 104, wall thickness 26; inner diameter Φ142, length 110 at the large diameter end; inner diameter Φ89, length 48 at the small diameter end. The corresponding striking object is a wooden pile anchor with a rectangular cross-section of 100*100.

[0067] 3. Spring 105: inner diameter Φ120, outer diameter Φ136, length 630, n=22 turns.

[0068] 4. The striking rod body 2, the end of which is installed in the guide sleeve 104, is a wooden pile anchor rod with a rectangular cross-section of 100*100.

[0069] 5. The obstacle is the middle section support rod mechanism 501 on the hammer head's travel path in the late stage of the rod body 2. The support rod is a steel frame with an inner wall thickness of 12, a square section of 110*110, and a length of about 80.

[0070] Front hammer striking and penetration operation process

[0071] 1. In most cases, the spring 105 supports the guide sleeve 104 in the initial position, and the rear end of the rod body 2 (wooden pile anchor rod) is in the guide sleeve 104. The guide sleeve 104 connects it well with the impact front hammer 3 and fixes or limits its range of motion - try to align, coaxial and contact as much as possible, continue to exert force and drive the rod body 2 into the slope below the broken surface at a relatively fixed speed.

[0072] 2. At the end of the driving process of rod body 2, guide sleeve 104 presses against the obstacle's middle support bar mechanism 501 (at a fixed speed equal to half the hammer head's speed) and advances at the same speed. Pre-impact hammer 3 begins to exit guide sleeve 104 and penetrates rod body 2 individually until it reaches the end—exiting guide sleeve 104 and passing through middle support bar mechanism 501. Relative to the initial position of guide sleeve 104, the maximum penetration distance of pre-impact hammer 103 is approximately 40 cm (depending on the combined length of pre-impact hammer 103's body and head, and the minimum length of spring 105 after compression).

[0073] 3. After the hammering process is completed, the system's active parts are collectively pulled back and prepared to be reset as a whole. During this period, when leaving the obstacle, the spring 105 forces the guide sleeve 104 to return to its initial position.

[0074] It is advisable to operate at a depression angle, a flat angle or a small elevation angle to avoid placing excessive technical requirements on the spring.

[0075] The excavator bucket is connected to the excavator through two bucket shafts (pins). One of the pins is connected to the front end of the excavator's second arm (commonly known as the horse-drawn head) (can be called the horse-drawn head second arm pin), and the other pin is connected to the front end of the movable bucket connecting rod (can be called the connecting rod pin). Usually, these two pins are the same length and diameter.

[0076] With the pin shaft of the second arm of the horse-drawn head as the origin, the ray connecting the "connection point of the second arm and the big arm" is the positive direction of the X axis, and the ray connecting the "connecting rod pin" is the vector direction of the side of any angle. The angle side vector rotates in the counterclockwise direction, such as Figure 11 shown.

[0077] The angle vector's range of motion is 45° to 210°, for a total rotation angle of 165°. If the angle vector's opposite extension is considered, the angle's range of motion is 225° to 390° (390° represents 30° in the first quadrant), for a total rotation angle of 165°. Within this 165° range, a 15° blind spot exists in any single rotation direction, and a 30° blind spot exists within the full vertical plane.

[0078] Taking the actual application of slope anchoring requirements as an example, combined with Figure 17 Even in the extreme case where the excavator's boom is fully raised, the two arms are fully extended, and the angle vector is fully upward, the angle vector and its reverse extension line form a 20° angle with the horizontal direction, forming a 20° blind spot for the slope anchor bolt to be driven into the slope - the anchor bolt cannot be driven into the slope in a direction close to horizontal.

[0079] Therefore, the present invention adopts the flipping hinge seat 3 to solve the above problem, which is well matched with the actual angle requirements of the project.

[0080] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figures 7-13As shown, when the side plate 301 has two axial holes 303, it has a depression angle mode when piling; only one depression angle is made in order to reduce weight, the flip capstan 3 includes a base plate 302, two connecting shafts and two side plates 301; the two side plates 301 are relatively arranged and installed on the base plate 302, and the base plate 302 is connected to the bottom surface of the frame 7, and two axial holes 303 are opened on the two side plates 301 in a one-to-one manner, and each two corresponding axial holes 303 are used to install a connecting shaft, and the two connecting shafts are respectively connected to the front end of the excavator connecting rod 4 and the front end of the excavator's second arm 8, the two axial holes 303 are tilted up and down, and the angle between the center line of the two axial holes 303 and the horizontal line is α, and the range of α is 25~35°.

[0081] The upper shaft hole 303 of the two shaft holes 303 is arranged in the middle of the side plate 301 .

[0082] like Figure 11 As shown, an annular gasket 306 is coaxially installed at each axial hole 303 on the two side vertical plates 301.

[0083] like Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of ribs 304 are provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 302 .

[0084] like Figure 11 As shown, partition plate 1 305, partition plate 2 307 and partition plate 3 308 are installed in sequence between the two side vertical plates 301. The partition plate 1 305 is arranged on the outside of the shaft hole 303 located below, the partition plate 2 307 is arranged between the two shaft holes 303, and the partition plate 3 308 is arranged below the shaft hole 303 located above and close to the shaft hole 303. The lengths of the partition plate 1 305, partition plate 2 307 and partition plate 3 308 increase in sequence.

[0085] like Figures 10-13 As shown, a curved rib plate 309 is installed between the two side vertical plates 301 . The curved rib plate 309 is arranged on the outside of the partition plate 308 and is arranged in the same shape as the corresponding edge of the side vertical plate 301 .

[0086] like Figure 14 、 Figure 15 As shown, when three shaft holes 303 are opened on the side plate 301, there are two modes of depression and elevation when piling;

[0087] The flip capstan 3 includes a base plate 302, three connecting shafts and two side plates 301; the two side plates 301 are relatively arranged and installed on the base plate 302, the base plate 302 is connected to the bottom surface of the frame 7, and three shaft holes 303 are opened on the two side plates 301 in a one-to-one correspondence. The three shaft holes 303 on each side plate 301 are arranged in an isosceles triangle, and the two base angles of the isosceles triangle are α, and the range of α is 25~35°. Every two corresponding shaft holes 303 are used to install a connecting shaft, and any two adjacent connecting shafts are respectively connected to the front end of the excavator connecting rod 4 and the front end of the excavator second arm 8.

[0088] The upper shaft hole 303 among the three shaft holes 303 is arranged in the middle of the side plate 301 .

[0089] An annular gasket 306 is coaxially mounted at each axial hole 303 on the two side vertical plates 301 .

[0090] A plurality of ribs 304 are provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 302 .

[0091] A partition plate 308 is installed in the middle between the two side vertical plates 301, and two partition plates 2 307 and two partition plates 1 305 are symmetrically installed around the partition plate 308.

[0092] The two partition plates 1 305 are respectively arranged on the outside of the lower shaft hole 303, each partition plate 2 307 is arranged between the lower shaft hole 303 and the upper shaft hole 303, and the partition plate 3 308 is arranged near the upper shaft hole 303. The lengths of the partition plate 1 305, the partition plate 2 307 and the partition plate 3 308 increase successively.

[0093] Case

[0094] The excavator stands at the bottom of the slope, and the pile driver is turned upside down and placed flat on the ground. After being connected with the overturning capstan 3, it is lifted and turned up, and the anchor rod can be driven into the slope in the horizontal direction.

[0095] The pile driver is unidirectional - the flip capstan 3 is at the bottom, the end of the pile driver faces the slope, and the axis is in the same vertical plane as the excavator arms.

[0096] The flip capstan 3 is bidirectionally adjustable, allowing you to change the pitch and pitch angles. For example, with a pitch and pitch angle of 30°, you can increase the total rotation angle from 165° in a single direction by 60° to 225°. This not only compensates for the 15° dead angle but also adds a 60° overlap area, making it easier to adjust the working direction during operation.

[0097] If combined with the combined movement of the excavator's boom and lower arms, the total rotation angle, even in the direction of a single angle vector (not considering the reverse extension line), can reach 270° or even nearly 360°, providing more possibilities for selecting different operating angles or positions for the excavator's external equipment. For example, the excavator can be positioned at the bottom of the slope, raised and driven forward to drive the slope anchor; or the excavator can be positioned at the top of the slope, backhoeing and driving in the reverse direction.

[0098] The flip capstan 3 has simple components, and the disassembly process is as simple as disassembly of the bucket. It is generally practical, and has obvious effects on adjusting the range of the spatial angle of the line connecting the two pin shafts of the bucket and the section in the vertical plane of the space with relatively simple components and assembly and disassembly processes.

[0099] The flip capstan 3 is well matched with the original design size parameters of the excavator. Without changing the original operation mode and operating habits, the bucket connecting rod four-bar mechanism and the external equipment are kept at a reasonable strength level as much as possible.

[0100] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figures 18 to 22 As shown, the propulsion system 6 includes an impact hammer mounting seat 601, a first movable pulley group 602 and a second movable pulley group 603; the impact hammer mounting seat 601 is slidably installed on the frame 7, the first movable pulley group 602 and the second movable pulley group 603 are both installed on the frame 7, the tension end of the first movable pulley group 602 and the tension end of the second movable pulley group 603 are symmetrically installed on the impact hammer mounting seat 601 front and back, the propulsion cylinder 6022 in the first movable pulley group 602 is used as a power source to drive the impact hammer mounting seat 601 to reciprocate along the frame 7, and the impact hammer 101 is installed on the impact hammer mounting seat 601.

[0101] The propulsion cylinder 6022 adopts a hydraulic cylinder.

[0102] like Figure 18 As shown, the first movable pulley group 602 includes a first chain 6021, a propulsion cylinder 6022, a first fixed pulley 6023 and a first movable pulley 6024; the first fixed pulley 6023 is installed at the front end of the frame 7, and the propulsion cylinder 6022 is installed on the frame 7 along the front-to-back direction. The propulsion cylinder 6022 is installed at the rear end of the first fixed pulley 6023, and the telescopic end of the propulsion cylinder 6022 is set at the rear and connected to the pulley seat 604. The first movable pulley 6024 is installed at the front end of the pulley seat 604, and the fixed end of the first chain 6021 is fixed on the frame 7 and is located at the telescopic end of the propulsion cylinder 6022. The tension end of the first chain 6021 passes around the first movable pulley 6024 and the first fixed pulley 6023 in sequence and is connected to the front end of the impact hammer mounting seat 601.

[0103] The second movable pulley group 603 includes a second chain 6031, a second movable pulley 6032 and a second fixed pulley 6033; the second fixed pulley 6033 is installed at the rear end of the frame 7, and the second movable pulley 6032 is installed at the rear end of the pulley seat 604. The fixed end of the second chain 6031 is fixedly connected to the frame 7 and is arranged close to the second fixed pulley 6033. The tension end of the second chain 6031 passes through the second movable pulley 6032 and the second fixed pulley 6033 in sequence and is connected to the rear end of the impact hammer mounting seat 601.

[0104] The pulley seat 604 is slidably connected to the frame 7.

[0105] The front end of the pulley seat 604 is provided with an ear plate 605 , and the telescopic end of the propulsion cylinder 6022 is connected to the ear plate 605 via a pull rod 606 .

[0106] Among them: pneumatic impact hammer 101-8 inches-185, impact frequency 800-1200 times / min, single impact energy 1450 joules, maximum impact force about 145Kg;

[0107] Propulsion cylinder 6022, diameter φ80 / φ45, stroke 2m, propulsion force 0--4.5t, lifting force 2.3t

[0108] The chain only needs to have a bearing capacity that is adapted to the thrust of the propulsion cylinder 6022. According to the principle of "saving effort but increasing distance" of the movable pulley, a first movable pulley 6024 accessory is provided at the end of the piston rod of the propulsion cylinder 6022. Through the first chain 6021, the piston rod stroke of the propulsion cylinder 6022 can be 2m, but the stroke of the impact hammer mounting base 1 and the pneumatic impact hammer 101 can be 4m. At the same time, the thrust transmitted to the pneumatic impact hammer 101 is also halved.

[0109] The impact force and frequency of the pneumatic impact hammer 101 can be adjusted by the exhaust volume and exhaust pressure of the air compressor, and the propulsion force and propulsion speed of the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted by the propulsion pressure regulating valve of the hydraulic system and the throttle of the excavator.

[0110] External mobile air compressor - PDSH850 air compressor, with an exhaust volume of 24m / min and a working pressure of about 1.8MPa.

[0111] How propulsion system 6 works

[0112] 1. Most materials are more capable of withstanding transient impact loads than permanent loads;

[0113] 2. The rod 2 (pile or anchor) is advanced axially from behind. Intermittent loading helps the rod 2 to adjust its direction of travel and angle of force in a timely manner.

[0114] 3. Intermittent impact vibration can promote the liquefaction effect of the soil around the pile where the rod 2 is embedded, which is beneficial to the advancement of the rod 2;

[0115] 4. The effective impact work of the instantaneous impact load is large, which results in relatively good propulsion effect and low energy consumption.

[0116] 5. The movable pulley adopts the principle of "saving effort but increasing distance". A movable pulley device is provided at the end of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod. Through the chain, the piston rod stroke can be 2m but the air hammer stroke can be 4m. At the same time, the thrust transmitted to the air hammer is also halved.

[0117] The maximum power levels of the hydraulic static thrust and the pneumatic impact hammer of the propulsion system 6 are basically equivalent and balanced. In application, the matching and combination of the power levels of the two can be flexibly selected according to the difficulty (resistance) of driving the rod body 2 (pile or anchor rod) or the soil characteristics, or even hydraulic propulsion can be used alone (in order to fully utilize the advantages of impact load in the pile driving process, it is not recommended to use hydraulic propulsion alone).

[0118] The combination of the hydraulic static jacking and the pneumatic impact (vibrator) hammer of the propulsion system 6 is rare, especially when both are combined in the same device as the main power sources; the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pneumatic impact hammer at the other end through a chain, which is equivalent to transmitting the jacking static force to the front hammer (hammer head) of the pneumatic hammer and merging it with the impact force of the pneumatic hammer, so that during the piling process, the force points of the two forces acting on the pile end are consistent and have good synchronization.

[0119] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , Figures 23 to 29 As shown, the support rod assembly 5 includes a middle support rod mechanism 501, a lower centering device 502, and a pulling rope assembly 503. The middle support rod mechanism 501 is slidably mounted on the frame 7 and reciprocates on the frame 7 via the pulling rope assembly 503. The lower centering device 502 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the frame 7. The middle support rod mechanism 501 and the lower centering device 502 are used to movably support the rod body 2 and limit the position of the rod body 2. The pulling rope assembly 503 is mounted on the frame 7.

[0120] like Figure 23 、 Figure 24As shown, the middle section support rod mechanism 501 includes a support rod base 5011, a first square-mouthed slot body 5012, a first upper cover 5014 and two first clips 5013; the support rod base 5011 is slidably installed on the frame body 7, the first square-mouthed slot body 5012 is installed on the upper end of the support rod base 5011, the rod body 2 is placed in the support rod base 5011, the first upper cover 5014 is covered on the rod body 2, and is fixed to the first square-mouthed slot body 5012 by two first clips 5013, and wedge blocks 5018 are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the support rod base 5011, and the support rod base 5011 is connected to the pulling rope assembly 503 through the wedge blocks 5018.

[0121] The middle section support rod mechanism 501 further includes four roller assemblies, which are respectively fixed at the four corners of the support rod base 5011. The support rod base 5011 is mounted on the frame 7, and the four roller assemblies are all slidably connected to the outer side of the frame 7.

[0122] Each of the roller assemblies includes an axle 5015, a nut 5016 and a roller 5017; the axle 5015 vertically passes through the support rod base 5011, the roller 5017 is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the axle 5015, and a nut 5016 is mounted on the upper end of the axle 5015, and the axle 5015 is fixed to the support rod base 5011 through the nut 5016.

[0123] like Figure 25 As shown, the lower centering device 502 includes a centering base 5021, a second upper cover 5023, a second square-mouthed slot 5024 and two second clips 5022; the centering base 5021 is fixed to the front end of the frame 7, the second square-mouthed slot 5024 is installed on the upper end of the centering base 5021, the second square-mouthed slot 5024 is used to support the rod body 2, the second upper cover 5023 is installed on the rod body 2, and the second upper cover 5023 is fixed to the second square-mouthed slot 5024 by two second clips 5022.

[0124] The use of the movable first upper cover 5014 and the second upper cover 5023 facilitates the disassembly of the rod body 2 .

[0125] like Figure 1As shown, the pulling rope assembly 503 includes a first pulley 5031, a first pulling rope 5032, a second pulling rope 5033, a connecting seat 5034 and a second pulley 5035; the first pulley 5031 and the second pulley 5035 are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the frame 7, one end of the first pulling rope 5032 and the second pulling rope 5033 are respectively connected to the front and rear wedges 5018 on the base 5011 of the handrail. The other end of the second pulling rope 5033 passes through the first rope pulley 5031 and is connected to the connecting seat 5034. The other end of the second pulling rope 5033 passes through the second rope pulley 5035 and is connected to the connecting seat 5034. The connecting seat 5034 is connected to the pulley seat 604 of the propulsion system 6. The pulley seat 604 reciprocates along the frame 7, driving the connecting seat 5034 to reciprocate. The middle section support rod mechanism 501 is pulled to reciprocate on the frame 7 through the first rope pulley 5031 and the second rope pulley 5035.

[0126] The first pulling rope 5032 and the second pulling rope 5033 may use a chain.

[0127] Working principle of the support rod assembly 5:

[0128] 1. When the tail of the slender rod 2 is subjected to axial force, a small eccentricity of the force point or a small dimensional error of the rod itself can generate a large bending moment in the middle section of the rod 2, causing the middle section of the rod 2 to produce large deformation and bear large bending moment and stress.

[0129] 2. The travel speed and total stroke of the middle support rod mechanism 501 and the tail end impact hammer 101 (pile end guide sleeve 104) are both 2:1 - according to the "save effort but increase distance" principle of the movable pulley, one end of the pulling rope is fixed to the support rod base 5011, and the other end is connected to the pulley seat 604 linked to the impact hammer 101 (pile end guide sleeve), and the middle part surrounds the above-mentioned movable pulley, which can achieve a tail stroke of 4m for the rod body 2 but a 2m travel speed for the middle support rod mechanism. The travel speed and total stroke are both 2:1, so that the pile end guide sleeve 4 and the middle support rod mechanism 501 finally converge at the pile end locator at approximately the same time.

[0130] The invention is applicable to various piling equipment, shallow drilling and rock drilling equipment.

[0131] Figure 30 and Figure 31 They are respectively a state diagram before construction and a state diagram during actual construction of the present invention.

[0132] It will be understood that the present invention is described by way of some embodiments, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are intended to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail-type pile driver connected to an excavator bucket shaft, characterized in that: The invention comprises a penetrating hammer assembly (1), a tilting capstan (3), a supporting rod assembly (5), a propulsion system (6) and a frame (7); the rod body (2) is mounted on the penetrating hammer assembly (1); the propulsion system (6) provides reciprocating power for the penetrating hammer assembly (1); the combination of the hydraulic static thrust provided by the propulsion system (6) and the impact hammer (101) provided by the penetrating hammer assembly (1) acts on the rod body (2); the frame (7) is mounted on the mechanical arm of the excavator through the tilting capstan (3); the supporting rod assembly (5) is mounted on the frame (7) for supporting the rod body (2); the tilting capstan (3) comprises a bottom The two side vertical plates (301) are arranged opposite to each other and mounted on the bottom plate (302). The bottom plate (302) is connected to the bottom surface of the frame (7). Two shaft holes (303) are provided on the two side vertical plates (301) in a one-to-one correspondence. Each of the two corresponding shaft holes (303) is used to install a connecting shaft. The two connecting shafts are respectively connected to the front end of the excavator connecting rod (4) and the front end of the excavator's two arms (8). The two shaft holes (303) are arranged to be tilted up and down, and the angle between the center line of the two shaft holes (303) and the horizontal line is α, and the range of α is 25-35°.

2. The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The penetration hammer assembly (1) comprises an impact hammer (101), an impact front hammer (103), a guide sleeve (104) and a spring (105); the working end of the impact hammer (101) is connected to the impact front hammer (103), the working end of the impact front hammer (103) is connected to the rod body (2), the guide sleeve (104) is movably sleeved on the impact front hammer (103) and is located at the connection between the impact front hammer (103) and the rod body (2), and a spring (105) is connected between the guide sleeve (104) and the working end of the impact hammer (101).

3. The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The propulsion system (6) comprises an impact hammer mounting seat (601), a first movable pulley group (602) and a second movable pulley group (603); the impact hammer mounting seat (601) is slidably mounted on the frame (7), the first movable pulley group (602) and the second movable pulley group (603) are both mounted on the frame (7), the tension end of the first movable pulley group (602) and the tension end of the second movable pulley group (603) are symmetrically mounted on the impact hammer mounting seat (601) in front and back directions, the propulsion cylinder (6022) in the first movable pulley group (602) is used as a power source to drive the impact hammer mounting seat (601) to reciprocate along the frame (7), and the impact hammer (101) is mounted on the impact hammer mounting seat (601).

4. The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first movable pulley group (602) includes a first chain (6021), a propulsion cylinder (6022), a first fixed pulley (6023) and a first movable pulley (6024); the first fixed pulley (6023) is installed at the front end of the frame (7); the propulsion cylinder (6022) is installed on the frame (7) in the front-to-back direction; the propulsion cylinder (6022) is installed at the rear end of the first fixed pulley (6023); the telescopic end of the propulsion cylinder (6022) is arranged at the rear and connected to the pulley seat (604); the first movable pulley (6024) is installed at the front end of the pulley seat (604); the fixed end of the first chain (6021) is fixed on the frame (7) and is located at the telescopic end of the propulsion cylinder (6022); the tension end of the first chain (6021) passes through the first movable pulley (6024) and the first fixed pulley (6023) in sequence and is connected to the front end of the impact hammer mounting seat (601).

5. The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second movable pulley assembly (603) comprises a second chain (6031), a second movable pulley (6032) and a second fixed pulley (6033); the second fixed pulley (6033) is mounted on the rear end of the frame (7), the second movable pulley (6032) is mounted on the rear end of the pulley seat (604), the fixed end of the second chain (6031) is fixedly connected to the frame (7) and is arranged close to the second fixed pulley (6033), and the tension end of the second chain (6031) passes through the second movable pulley (6032) and the second fixed pulley (6033) in sequence and is connected to the rear end of the impact hammer mounting seat (601).

6. The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod assembly (5) comprises a middle support rod mechanism (501), a lower centering device (502) and a pulling rope assembly (503); the middle support rod mechanism (501) is slidably mounted on the frame (7); the middle support rod mechanism (501) reciprocates on the frame (7) via the pulling rope assembly (503); the lower centering device (502) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the frame (7); the middle support rod mechanism (501) and the lower centering device (502) are used to movably support the rod body (2) and limit the position of the rod body (2).

7. The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The middle section support rod mechanism (501) comprises a support rod base (5011), a first square-mouthed slot body (5012), a first upper cover (5014) and two first buckles (5013); the support rod base (5011) is slidably mounted on the frame body (7); the first square-mouthed slot body (5012) is mounted on the upper end of the support rod base (5011); the rod body (2) is placed in the support rod base (5011); the first upper cover (5014) is mounted on the rod body (2) and is fixed to the first square-mouthed slot body (5012) via two first buckles (5013); wedge blocks (5018) are respectively mounted at the front and rear ends of the support rod base (5011) and are connected to the pulling rope assembly (503) via the wedge blocks (5018).

8. The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower centering device (502) comprises a centering base (5021), a second upper cover (5023), a second square-mouthed trough (5024), and two second buckles (5022); the centering base (5021) is fixed to the front end of the frame (7); the second square-mouthed trough (5024) is installed on the upper end of the centering base (5021); the second square-mouthed trough (5024) is used to support the rod body (2); the second upper cover (5023) is installed on the rod body (2), and the second upper cover (5023) is fixed to the second square-mouthed trough (5024) via the two second buckles (5022).

9. The rail-type pile driver connected to the bucket shaft of an excavator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pulling rope assembly (503) includes a first rope wheel (5031), a first pulling rope (5032), a second pulling rope (5033), a connecting seat (5034) and a second rope wheel (5035); the first rope wheel (5031) and the second rope wheel (5035) are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the frame (7); one end of the first pulling rope (5032) and one end of the second pulling rope (5033) are respectively connected to the front and rear wedges (5018) on the support rod base (5011); the first pulling rope (5032) is connected to the front and rear wedges (5018) on the support rod base (5011); One end of the second pulling rope (5033) passes around the first rope pulley (5031) and is connected to the connecting seat (5034). The other end of the second pulling rope (5033) passes around the second rope pulley (5035) and is connected to the connecting seat (5034). The connecting seat (5034) is connected to the pulley seat (604) of the propulsion system (6). The pulley seat (604) moves back and forth along the frame (7), driving the connecting seat (5034) to move back and forth, and pulling the middle section support rod mechanism (501) to move back and forth on the frame (7) through the first rope pulley (5031) and the second rope pulley (5035).

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