A method and tool for detecting tooth face perpendicularity

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of tooth surface perpendicularity detection, and particularly relates to a tooth surface perpendicularity detection method and a detection tool. The tooth surface perpendicularity detection method is to adopt a cylindrical rolling body, the rolling body rolls on the tooth surface to be detected, the rolling body keeps perpendicular to the tooth end surface to be detected during rolling, marks can be printed on the tooth surface to be detected through rolling, and whether the perpendicularity is qualified is judged according to the mark range. The rolling body is attached with paint, and the rolling body rolls between the tooth surfaces of the tooth to be detected, the paint is printed on the tooth surface to form marks, the mark distribution on the tooth surface is observed, the perpendicularity of the tooth surface can be obtained, the detection is more simple and efficient, and the cost is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tooth surface perpendicularity detection technology, and in particular relates to a method and tool for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity. Background Technology

[0002] In gear meshing transmissions, tooth surface perpendicularity is crucial. Among numerous gear meshing transmission components, especially the wind turbine pitch bearing gear ring, the wind turbine pitch bearing, which connects the hub and blades and bears the weight of the entire blade, needs to rotate the blades relative to the hub to ensure the blades are at the appropriate blade angles when the wind turbine is operating at different wind speeds or when the turbine is stopped. This ensures the efficient and safe operation of the wind turbine. The rotation of the blades is achieved by the action of the small gear driven by the pitch control on the pitch bearing gear ring, and torque is transmitted through the meshing of the pitch bearing teeth with the pitch reducer teeth. Therefore, to ensure good contact between the reducer output gear and the pitch bearing teeth, the tooth width direction is usually designed with a drum-shaped profile. Thus, when designing and manufacturing pitch bearings, bearing manufacturers need to consider the profile direction and amount of the reducer teeth to ensure a proper fit between the pitch bearing teeth and the reducer teeth, thereby meeting the standard requirements for good tooth surface contact.

[0003] Currently, to meet the above requirements, most bearing manufacturers use coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) or vertical measuring instruments to inspect tooth surface perpendicularity. However, vertical measuring instruments generally have a smaller measurement range and limited range compared to large wind turbine bearings, making efficient measurement difficult. As the size of megawatt-class bearings increases, existing CMMs are insufficient to meet the inspection needs. At the same time, CMMs are expensive, cumbersome and time-consuming to operate, require a high level of operator skill, and have stringent environmental requirements. They need dedicated inspection space, regular maintenance, and costly repairs in case of damage.

[0004] Utility model patent CN206321192U, authorized on July 11, 2017, discloses a tooth surface perpendicularity measuring device, including a first ruler and a second ruler. The vertically placed first ruler and the horizontally placed second ruler are combined to form a right-angle ruler. A U-shaped channel is provided on the left end face of the first ruler, and a dial indicator is provided on the outside of the U-shaped channel. The dial indicator can be connected to the U-shaped channel and can slide up and down on the outside of the first ruler. The dial indicator includes an upper dial and a pointer. A measuring rod is provided at one end of the dial indicator in the horizontal direction, and a stop cap is provided at the other end. A measuring head is provided in front of the measuring rod. This tooth surface perpendicularity measuring device has a wide measuring range, is simple to use, requires little skill from the operator, is low in cost, and has no environmental requirements, allowing for measurement in a workshop.

[0005] However, the measurement operation of this tooth surface perpendicularity measuring device can still be further simplified, and it is easily affected by the accuracy of the measuring device itself; at the same time, if there is no measurement record, a measurement operation must be performed every time the tooth surface perpendicularity is tested; in addition, the measuring device can only measure the perpendicularity of the measuring head trajectory area on the tooth surface in a single measurement, and cannot simply and intuitively know the perpendicularity of the entire tooth surface. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity, so as to solve the technical problem that the measurement efficiency of tooth surface perpendicularity in the prior art is low and it is difficult to simply and intuitively know the perpendicularity of the entire tooth surface.

[0007] The present invention also aims to provide a detection tool to solve the same technical problem.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity uses a cylindrical rolling element that rolls on the tooth surface to be tested. During the rolling process, the rolling element remains perpendicular to the end face of the tooth to be tested. Marks can be printed on the tooth surface to be tested by rolling, and the perpendicularity is judged based on the range of the marks.

[0010] The beneficial effects are as follows: This invention innovatively applies a coating to the rolling element, ensuring that the rolling element remains perpendicular to the end face of the tooth being tested during rolling. Simultaneously, the coating is printed onto the tooth surface, forming a mark. Therefore, the perpendicularity of the tooth surface can be easily and conveniently determined simply by observing the marked area. This method allows for convenient and efficient detection of tooth surface perpendicularity, significantly shortening the detection time and eliminating the need for precise numerical readings to evaluate perpendicularity. This also avoids inaccurate readings caused by the inherent errors of the measuring instrument. Furthermore, the detection results of the entire tooth surface can be easily and intuitively used for subsequent perpendicularity evaluations after a single test, making perpendicularity detection simpler, more efficient, and lower in cost, while also making fuller use of the detection results. Moreover, this detection method is not only applicable to the perpendicularity detection of finished teeth but can also be used between processing steps, avoiding production defects and improving the yield rate.

[0011] As a further improvement, a boss is provided in the radial direction of the rolling element, and the end face of the boss facing the tooth surface to be tested is perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element. By fitting the vertical end face of the boss with the end face of the tooth to be tested, the rolling element is made perpendicular to the end face of the tooth to be tested.

[0012] The beneficial effects are: by setting a boss and making its end face facing the tooth surface to be measured perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element, an end face positioning reference can be easily and conveniently formed, making the overall structure of the rolling element simpler and more compact, easier to process, reducing its production cost, and facilitating its widespread promotion.

[0013] As a further improvement, the radius of the boss is no greater than the distance from the edge of the tooth step to the pitch circle.

[0014] The beneficial effects are: by limiting the radius of the rolling element boss, the rolling element can be effectively rolled smoothly between the teeth, preventing the rolling element boss from interfering with the tooth step, which would affect or even hinder the detection of tooth surface perpendicularity. It also makes the overall structure of the rolling element simpler and more compact, and easier to carry and test.

[0015] As a further improvement, the rolling element is coated with color before rolling to achieve printing, and the length of the coating on the rolling element is not less than the tooth width of the tooth to be tested.

[0016] The beneficial effects are: applying color to the rolling body before rolling makes it easier to carry the rolling body, simplifying the operation, ensuring that the length of the printed layer is not less than the tooth width of the tooth to be tested, and making it easier and more efficient to adhere the printed layer to the tooth surface as much as possible during the rolling coloring operation, thereby avoiding multiple operations that may affect the test results, improving the test efficiency, and simplifying the operation steps.

[0017] As a further improvement, the pass standard for the tooth surface perpendicularity test is that the printed markings on the tooth surface are not less than 50% of the tooth height along the tooth height direction and not less than 60% of the tooth width along the tooth width direction.

[0018] The beneficial effects are: based on the requirements of tooth meshing and routine operating experience, the qualified standard is derived, and the range of the printed layer marking is used as the qualified standard. This allows for a simple and efficient determination of whether the tooth surface perpendicularity is qualified, and facilitates the implementation of the method.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the detection tool provided by this invention is as follows:

[0020] A testing tool includes a cylindrical rolling element for rolling on a tooth to be tested. At least one end of the rolling element is provided with an end face positioning structure perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element. The end face positioning structure is used to stop and fit against the tooth end face of the tooth to be tested. The rolling element is coated with an easily adhered printing layer, which is used to print marks on the surface of the tooth to be tested during rolling.

[0021] The beneficial effects are as follows: This invention innovatively applies coating to the rolling element and uses the end-face positioning structure on the rolling element as a reference to roll the rolling element on the tooth surface to be tested. Simultaneously, the coating is printed onto the tooth surface to form a mark. Therefore, by simply observing the marked area on the tooth surface, the perpendicularity of the tooth surface can be easily and conveniently determined. This method allows for convenient and efficient detection of tooth surface perpendicularity, significantly shortening the detection time and eliminating the need for precise numerical readings to evaluate perpendicularity. This also avoids inaccurate readings caused by the inherent errors of the measuring instrument. Furthermore, the detection results of the entire tooth surface can be easily and intuitively used for subsequent perpendicularity evaluations after only one test, making perpendicularity detection simpler, more efficient, and lower in cost, and allowing for more comprehensive utilization of the detection results. Moreover, this detection method is not only applicable to the perpendicularity detection of finished teeth but can also be used between processing steps, avoiding production defects and improving the yield rate.

[0022] As a further improvement, the end face positioning structure is a radial boss, and the end face of the boss facing the printing layer is perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element.

[0023] The beneficial effects are: by setting the end face positioning structure as a boss and making its end face facing the tooth surface to be measured perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element, the end face positioning reference can be easily and conveniently formed, making the overall structure of the rolling element simpler and more compact, easier to process, reducing its production cost, and facilitating its widespread promotion.

[0024] As a further improvement, the radius of the boss is no greater than the distance from the edge of the tooth step to the pitch circle.

[0025] The beneficial effects are: by limiting the radius of the rolling element boss, the rolling element can be effectively rolled smoothly between the teeth for printing, preventing the rolling element boss from interfering with the tooth step, affecting or even hindering the detection of tooth surface perpendicularity, and making the overall structure of the rolling element simpler and more compact, making it easier to carry and test.

[0026] As a further improvement, the boss is provided with a hand-held rotating part on the side facing away from the printed layer.

[0027] The beneficial effects are: a handheld rotating part is set on the side of the boss facing away from the printing layer, which makes it convenient for the operator to hold this part to perform rolling and coating operations. The boss separates the printing layer from the handheld rotating part, which can prevent the pigment from adhering to the operator's hands during the rolling coating process. The overall structure is simpler and more compact, making the inspection work more efficient.

[0028] As a further improvement, the length of the printed layer on the rolling element is not less than the tooth width of the tooth to be tested.

[0029] The beneficial effects are: the length of the printed layer is not less than the tooth width of the tooth to be tested, which makes it easier and more efficient to attach the printed layer to the tooth surface as much as possible during the rolling printing operation, thereby avoiding the impact of multiple operations on the test results, improving the test efficiency, and simplifying the operation steps. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rolling element in Embodiment 1 of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the printing and coloring process after the rolling element has rolled.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Rolling element; 11. Printed layer; 12. Boss; 13. Handheld rotating part; 2. Tooth to be tested. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0037] Specific embodiment 1 of the method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity provided by the present invention:

[0038] The tooth surface perpendicularity detection method provided in this embodiment replaces the existing method of measuring tooth surface perpendicularity using a perpendicularity measuring instrument or a coordinate measuring machine. At the same time, compared with the existing tooth surface perpendicularity detection device, it is more intuitive, has higher detection efficiency, is easier to operate, and has lower cost.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method mainly utilizes a cylindrical rolling element 1. One end of the rolling element 1 is provided with an annular radial boss 12, and the end face of the boss 12 facing the end face of the tooth 2 to be tested is perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element 1. The boss 12 serves as an end face positioning structure and is in close contact with the end face of the tooth 2 to be tested, allowing the rolling element 1 to be perpendicular to the end face of the tooth 2 to be tested and to roll relative to each other on the tooth surface. The overall structure is simple and compact, easy to process, and reduces production costs. The radius of the boss 12 is smaller than the length of the distance from the edge of the tooth step to the pitch circle, and the diameter of the rolling element 1 is equal to the chord length of the pitch circle arc between the tooth surfaces of two adjacent teeth 2 to be tested. This effectively prevents the end face positioning structure of the rolling element 1 from interfering with the tooth step, affecting or even hindering the detection of tooth surface perpendicularity, and realizes the smooth rolling of the rolling element 1 between the teeth. It also makes the overall structure of the rolling element 1 simpler and more compact, and easier to carry and test.

[0040] Simultaneously, a printing layer 11, formed by easily adhering paint, is applied to the rolling body 1. By rolling the rolling body 1 perpendicular to the tooth end face along the tooth surface, the printing layer 11 can be printed onto the tooth surface. Therefore, the perpendicularity of the tooth surface can be easily and conveniently determined by observing the distribution of the paint markings on the tooth surface. The length of the printing layer 11 is equal to the tooth width of the tooth 2 to be tested, thus allowing the printing layer 11 to adhere to the entire tooth surface as fully as possible. This makes the rolling coloring operation simple and efficient, avoids multiple operations affecting the test results, and improves the test efficiency.

[0041] In this embodiment, the side of the boss 12 facing away from the printing layer 11 is also provided with a hand-held rotating part 13. The section of the rolling body 1 extending away from the printing layer 11 serves as the hand-held rotating part 13, which makes it convenient for the operator to hold this part to perform rolling and coating operations. At the same time, the annular boss 12 can be used to separate the printing layer 11 from the hand-held rotating part 13, preventing the ink from adhering to the operator's hand during the rolling printing process. The overall structure is simpler and more compact, making the inspection work more efficient.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the specific operation of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method is as follows: First, hold the hand-held rotating part 13 of the rolling body 1 and apply colored paint to the rolling body 1; then, place the rolling body 1 at the pitch circle position of the tooth surface of the tooth to be tested 2, and press the boss 12 against the tooth end face of the tooth to be tested 2, so that the rolling body 1 and the end face of the tooth to be tested 2 remain perpendicular; finally, while keeping the rolling body 1 and the end face of the tooth to be tested 2 perpendicular, rotate the hand-held rotating part 13, so that the rolling body 1 rolls relative to the end face of the tooth to be tested 2. As the rolling body 1 rolls, the tooth surface portion that meets the perpendicularity requirement will be marked with colored paint by the rolling body 1. Therefore, it is only necessary to observe how much the printed layer 11 occupies on the entire tooth surface after the rolling body 1 has completely rolled to understand the perpendicularity of the tooth surface. Figure 3As shown, based on relevant gear meshing requirements and routine operating experience, the standard for passing the tooth surface perpendicularity test is that the printed layer 11 attached to the tooth surface is not less than 50% of the tooth height in the tooth height direction and not less than 60% of the tooth width in the tooth width direction.

[0043] If the above standards are met, the perpendicularity of the tooth surface can be considered to meet the meshing requirements. This method provides a convenient and efficient way to test the perpendicularity of the tooth surface, significantly shortening the testing time and eliminating the need for precise numerical readings to evaluate perpendicularity. It also avoids inaccurate readings caused by the inherent errors of the measuring instrument. Furthermore, the test results for the entire tooth surface can be easily and intuitively used for subsequent perpendicularity evaluations after a single test, making perpendicularity testing simpler, more efficient, and less costly, and allowing for more comprehensive utilization of the test results. This testing method is not only applicable to the perpendicularity testing of finished teeth but can also be used between machining processes, avoiding production defects and improving the yield rate.

[0044] Specific embodiment 2 of the method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity provided by the present invention:

[0045] In Embodiment 1 of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method of the present invention, the boss 12 is fixedly connected to the rolling element 1. In this embodiment, the annular boss 12 may also be not fixedly connected to the rolling element 1 while ensuring that it is perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element 1. Instead, the rolling element 1 and the annular boss 12 are rotatably engaged, which improves printing efficiency.

[0046] Specific embodiment 3 of the method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity provided by the present invention:

[0047] In Embodiment 1 of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method of the present invention, the radius of the boss 12 is smaller than the length of the tooth step edge from the pitch circle, and the diameter of the rolling element 1 is equal to the chord length of the pitch circle arc between the end faces of two adjacent teeth to be tested 2. In this embodiment, the radius of the annular boss 12 is equal to the length of the tooth step edge from the pitch circle, and the diameter of the rolling element 1 is smaller than the chord length of the pitch circle arc between the end faces of two adjacent teeth to be tested 2. This makes the radius of the boss 12 as large as possible and the diameter of the rolling element 1 smaller, which facilitates the stable maintenance of the rolling element 1 perpendicular to the end face and makes the rolling printing more complete.

[0048] Specific embodiment 4 of the method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity provided by the present invention:

[0049] In Embodiment 1 of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method of the present invention, the annular boss 12 is provided with a hand-held rotating part 13 on the side facing away from the printing layer 11. In this embodiment, the hand-held rotating part 13 can also be provided at the end of the rolling element 1 on the side of the printing layer 11, changing the pressing to maintain perpendicularity in Embodiment 1 to tension to maintain perpendicularity.

[0050] Specific embodiment 5 of the method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity provided by the present invention:

[0051] In Embodiment 1 of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method of the present invention, the length of the printed layer 11 on the rolling element 1 is equal to the tooth width of the tooth 2 to be tested. In this embodiment, the length of the printed layer 11 on the rolling element 1 is greater than the tooth width of the tooth 2 to be tested, which allows the printed layer 11 to adhere more fully.

[0052] Specific embodiment 6 of the method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity provided by the present invention:

[0053] In Embodiment 1 of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method of the present invention, a boss 12 is provided at one end of the rolling element 1 as an end face positioning structure. In this embodiment, both ends of the rolling element 1 are provided with end face positioning structures, so that the rolling element 1 can use the end faces of the teeth 2 to be tested on both sides as reference surfaces, avoiding the need to change the direction of the rolling element 1 during detection.

[0054] Specific embodiment 7 of the method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity provided by the present invention:

[0055] In Embodiment 1 of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method of the present invention, the qualified standard for tooth surface perpendicularity detection is that the markings of the printing layer 11 printed on the tooth surface are not less than 50% of the tooth height along the tooth height direction and not less than 60% of the tooth width along the tooth width direction. In this embodiment, the marking range corresponding to the qualified perpendicularity detection can also be specifically set according to the working scenario and fatigue load requirements of the tooth 2 to be tested.

[0056] Specific embodiment 8 of the method for detecting tooth surface perpendicularity provided by the present invention:

[0057] In Embodiment 1 of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method of the present invention, the convex ring maintains the rolling element axis perpendicular to the end face of the tooth to be tested by fitting it against the end face of the tooth to be tested. In this embodiment, a third plane can also be used, so that the end face of the convex ring facing away from the printed layer and the end face of the tooth to be tested are respectively parallel to the third plane, and in this case, the rolling element axis can also be perpendicular to the end face of the tooth to be tested.

[0058] Examples of the detection tools in this invention:

[0059] The embodiment of the detection tool of the present invention is the rolling element 1 used in any of the specific embodiments of the tooth surface perpendicularity detection method provided by the present invention (1-8), which will not be described in detail here.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of detecting the perpendicularity of a tooth face, characterized by, A testing tool is used, comprising a cylindrical rolling element and a radial boss disposed at at least one end of the rolling element, the boss having a positioning end face perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element; the testing method includes the following steps: S1. The positioning end face of the boss is fitted against the tooth end face of the tooth to be tested, thereby making the axis of the rolling element perpendicular to the tooth end face; wherein, the radius of the boss is not greater than the length of the tooth step edge from the pitch circle; S2. While maintaining the fitted state, the rolling element is rolled perpendicularly to the tooth end face on the tooth surface to be tested, and a mark is printed on the tooth surface to be tested by a printing layer attached to the surface of the rolling element; S3. The coverage of the printed mark on the tooth surface is observed, and the perpendicularity is judged to be qualified based on the marking range.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The boss is provided radially at one end of the rolling element.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: The radius of the boss is less than the distance from the edge of the tooth step to the pitch circle.

4. The method of claim 1-3, wherein Before rolling, the rolling element is coated with color to achieve printing, and the length of the coating on the rolling element is not less than the tooth width of the tooth to be tested.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: The standard for passing the tooth surface perpendicularity test is that the printed markings on the tooth surface are not less than 50% of the tooth height along the tooth height direction and not less than 60% of the tooth width along the tooth width direction.

6. An inspection tool comprising: The device includes a cylindrical rolling element for rolling on a tooth to be tested. At least one end of the rolling element has a radial boss with a positioning end face perpendicular to the axis of the rolling element. This positioning end face is used to engage with the tooth end face of the tooth to be tested. The radius of the boss is not greater than the length of the tooth step edge from the pitch circle. The cylindrical surface of the rolling element is coated with an easily adhered printing layer. The circumferential length of the printing layer is not less than the tooth width of the tooth to be tested, and it is used to print marks on the surface of the tooth to be tested during rolling.

7. The detection tool of claim 6, wherein, The radial boss is provided only at one end of the rolling element.

8. The detection tool of claim 7, wherein, The radius of the boss is less than the distance from the edge of the tooth step to the pitch circle.

9. The detection tool of claim 8, wherein, The boss has a hand-held rotating part on the side facing away from the printed layer.

10. A detection tool according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterised in that, The length of the printed layer on the rolling element is greater than the tooth width of the tooth to be tested.

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