Vehicle and leakage detection and positioning method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vehicle and a leakage detection and positioning method thereof. The vehicle includes a vehicle control unit, a battery management controller, a power battery assembly, multiple load branches connected in parallel at both ends of the power battery assembly, and a leakage sensor connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly, which is used to trigger the battery management controller to send a leakage signal to the vehicle control unit when leakage information is detected. The method includes: when the vehicle control unit receives the first leakage signal sent by the battery management controller, it controls the load currently in the working state to unload, and after the load unloading is completed, it sends a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller to control the power battery assembly to disconnect from each load branch through the battery management controller, and when the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller is received within the first preset time, it is determined that the load is leaking, otherwise it is determined that the power battery assembly is leaking. This method can realize the determination of the leakage position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a vehicle and a leakage detection and positioning method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When the vehicle is working, if leakage occurs, it will not only impact the power supply branch of the rail vehicle, but may even cause safety accidents such as electric shock and fire. However, the leakage detection of the vehicle in the related art can only determine whether there is leakage in the vehicle, but cannot determine the location of the leakage. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the first object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and locating leakage of a vehicle to determine the leakage position.

[0004] A second object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention proposes a leakage detection and positioning method for a vehicle, wherein the vehicle includes a vehicle control unit, a battery management controller, a leakage sensor, a power battery assembly, and multiple load branches, each of which is connected in parallel at both ends of the power battery assembly, and the leakage sensor is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly, and is used to trigger the battery management controller to send a leakage signal to the vehicle control unit when leakage information is detected. The method includes: when the vehicle control unit receives the first leakage signal sent by the battery management controller, it controls the load currently in working state to unload; when the vehicle control unit confirms that the load unloading is completed, it sends a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller, so as to control the power battery assembly to disconnect from each of the load branches through the battery management controller; when the vehicle control unit receives the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller within the first preset time, it determines that the load is leaking, otherwise it determines that the power battery assembly is leaking.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a second embodiment of the present invention proposes a vehicle, comprising a battery management controller, a vehicle control unit and multiple carriages, each carriage comprising a power battery assembly, a leakage sensor and multiple load branches, the power battery assembly comprising a battery pack, each of the load branches being connected in parallel at both ends of the power battery assembly, the leakage sensor being connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly for detecting leakage information; the battery management controller being used to generate a leakage signal when any of the leakage sensors detects the leakage information; the vehicle control unit being used to control the unloading of the load currently in working state in the corresponding carriage upon receiving the first leakage signal sent by the battery management controller, and upon confirming that the load unloading is completed, sending a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller, so as to control the disconnection of the corresponding power battery assembly from each of the load branches through the battery management controller, and determining that the load is leaking upon receiving the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller within the first preset time, otherwise determining that the power battery assembly is leaking.

[0007] The vehicle and leakage detection and positioning method of the embodiments of the present invention, when receiving a first leakage signal, controls the unloading of a load in a working state by the vehicle control unit, and sends a high-voltage power-down instruction to the battery management controller after the load is unloaded. The battery management controller controls the disconnection between the battery pack and the positive and / or negative pole of the power battery assembly, and determines the leakage position based on whether a second leakage signal is received after the disconnection.

[0008] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery assembly according to an example of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an example of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for detecting and locating leakage in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0014] The following describes a vehicle and a leakage detection and positioning method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle 10 includes a battery management controller 200, a vehicle control unit 300 and multiple carriages 100, each carriage 100 includes a power battery assembly 101, a leakage sensor 103 and multiple load branches, the power battery assembly 101 includes a battery pack, each load branch is connected in parallel at both ends of the power battery assembly 101, and the leakage sensor 103 is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly 101 for detecting leakage information; the battery management controller 200 is used to generate a leakage signal when any leakage sensor 103 detects leakage information; the vehicle control unit 300 includes a battery management controller 200, a vehicle control unit 300 and multiple carriages 100, each carriage 100 includes a power battery assembly 101, a leakage sensor 103 and multiple load branches, the power battery assembly 101 includes a battery pack, each load branch is connected in parallel at both ends of the power battery assembly 101, and the leakage sensor 103 is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly 101 for detecting leakage information; the battery management controller 200 is used to generate a leakage signal when any leakage sensor 103 detects leakage information; The control unit 300 is used to control the unloading of the load 102 currently in operation in the corresponding compartment 100 upon receiving the first leakage signal sent by the battery management controller 200, and to send a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller 200 upon confirming that the unloading of the load 102 is complete, so as to control the disconnection of the corresponding power battery assembly 101 from each load branch through the battery management controller 200, and to determine that the load is leaking upon receiving the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller 200 within the first preset time, otherwise it is determined that the power battery assembly is leaking. The above-mentioned battery management controller 200 may correspond to the vehicle 10, or may correspond to the power battery assembly 101, or may correspond to the battery pack in the power battery assembly 101, Figure 1, which is a specific embodiment corresponding to the battery management controller 200 and the vehicle 10. The above-mentioned vehicle control unit 300 may be, for example, a CCU (Central Control Unit), and the above-mentioned battery management controller 200 may be, for example, a BMS (Battery Management System). The above-mentioned load 102 may include, for example, a motor controller, a DC-DC converter assembly, an air conditioner, a wind source system, an air compressor, a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) electric heating device, etc. The load 102 may be started after receiving a high-voltage power-on command sent by the vehicle control unit 300, and then send a high-voltage power-on success signal to the vehicle control unit 300; and unload after receiving a high-voltage system leakage alarm sent by the vehicle control unit 300, and send an unloading completion message to the vehicle control unit 300.

[0017] Specifically, in actual application, the battery management controller 200 can determine whether the power battery assembly 101 is in a discharge state. If the power battery assembly 101 is not in a discharge state, it can be determined again whether the power battery assembly 101 is in a discharge state. For example, a first time interval can be preset for the battery management controller 200, and then the battery management controller 200 determines whether the power battery is in a discharge state once every first time interval.

[0018] Furthermore, if the battery management controller 200 determines that the power battery assembly 101 is in a discharge state, a leakage detection request instruction is sent to each leakage sensor 103. After receiving the leakage detection request instruction, the leakage sensor 103 performs leakage detection until leakage information is detected, and sends leakage alarm information to the battery management controller 200. After receiving the leakage alarm information, the battery management controller 200 sends a first leakage signal to the vehicle control unit 300. At the same time, the compartment 100 where leakage occurs can be determined based on the leakage sensor 103 that detects the leakage information, and then the compartment 100 where leakage occurs can be detected and located.

[0019] The above-mentioned method for detecting and locating leakage may include the following steps:

[0020] A1, when the vehicle control unit 300 receives the first leakage signal sent by the battery management controller 200, it controls the load 102 that is currently in working state to unload.

[0021] Specifically, after receiving the leakage alarm information, the battery management controller 200 sends a first leakage signal to the vehicle control unit 300, and sends a stop leakage detection instruction to the leakage sensor 103. When the vehicle control unit 300 receives the first leakage signal, it controls the load 102 that is currently in the working state to unload. For example, a high-voltage system leakage alarm is sent to each load 102, and the load 102 in the working state will perform the unloading process after receiving the high-voltage system leakage alarm; or, the vehicle control unit 300 can also monitor the status of each load 102, and send a high-voltage system leakage alarm to the load 102 in the working state when receiving the first leakage signal. After the load 102 is unloaded, it will send an unloading completion message to the vehicle control unit 300.

[0022] A2, the vehicle control unit 300 confirms that the load 102 has been unloaded, and sends a high-voltage power-down instruction to the battery management controller 200 to control the power battery assembly 101 to disconnect from each load branch through the battery management controller 200.

[0023] Specifically, after determining that all loads 102 in working state have been unloaded, the vehicle control unit 300 sends a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller 200. After receiving the high-voltage power-off instruction, the battery management controller 200 controls the battery pack in the power battery assembly 101 to disconnect the positive electrode and / or negative electrode of the power battery assembly 101.

[0024] A3, when the vehicle control unit 300 receives the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller 200 within the first preset time, it determines that the load 102 is leaking, otherwise it determines that the power battery assembly is leaking.

[0025] Specifically, after the connection between the battery pack and the positive and / or negative electrodes of the power battery assembly 101 is disconnected, the battery management controller 200 sends a leakage detection request instruction to the leakage sensor 103 again. After receiving the leakage detection request instruction, the leakage sensor 103 performs leakage detection, and sends a second leakage signal to the battery management controller 200 after detecting the leakage information. If the vehicle control unit 300 receives the second leakage signal, it means that there is still leakage after the connection between the battery pack and the positive and / or negative electrodes of the power battery assembly 101 is disconnected, and it is determined that the load 102 has a leakage. The vehicle control unit 300 sends a leakage alarm for the high-voltage system load 102 of the vehicle 10. If the vehicle control unit 300 does not receive the second leakage signal, it can be considered that there is no leakage after the connection between the battery pack and the positive and / or negative electrodes of the power battery assembly 101 is disconnected, and it can be considered that the power battery assembly has a leakage.

[0026] Therefore, when the vehicle control unit 300 receives the first leakage signal, it controls the load 102 in the working state in the car 100 corresponding to the first leakage signal to be unloaded, and sends a high-voltage power-down instruction to the battery management controller 200 after the load 102 is unloaded. The battery management controller 200 controls the connection between the battery pack in the car 100 and the positive and / or negative pole of the power battery assembly 101 to be disconnected. If there is still leakage after the connection is disconnected, it means that the load 102 in the car 100 is leaking.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power assembly includes N parallel battery packs, the positive electrode of each battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery assembly 101 through a first switch, and the negative electrode of each battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly 101 through a second switch, N is a positive integer, wherein the connection between the power battery assembly 101 and each load branch is disconnected by controlling all the first switches and / or all the second switches to be disconnected.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, after determining that the power battery assembly is leaking, the battery management controller selects the battery packs in the corresponding power battery assembly 101 in sequence according to preset rules, controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to close, and sends a leakage detection request instruction to the corresponding leakage sensor 103 again; when the leakage sensor 103 detects leakage information, it sends a leakage signal containing the identity information of the selected battery pack to the vehicle control unit 300.

[0029] Specifically, after determining that all loads 102 in working state have been unloaded, the vehicle control unit 300 sends a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller 200. After receiving the high-voltage power-off instruction, the battery management controller 200 controls all the first switches and / or all the second switches to be disconnected, so as to disconnect the connection between the power battery assembly 101 and each load branch. After all the first switches and / or all the second switches are disconnected, the battery management controller 200 sends a leakage detection request instruction to the leakage sensor 103 again. After receiving the leakage detection request instruction, the leakage sensor 103 performs leakage detection. If leakage information is detected, a second leakage signal is sent to the battery management controller 200, and the load is determined to be leaking. That is, after all the first switches and / or the second switches are disconnected, if the leakage sensor 103 detects a leakage signal, the battery management controller 200 sends a second leakage signal.

[0030] After all the first switches and / or all the second switches are disconnected, if the leakage sensor 103 does not detect leakage information, and the vehicle control unit does not receive the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller within the first preset time, it is determined that the power battery assembly is leaking. At this time, the battery management controller 200 selects the battery pack in sequence according to the preset rules, and controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to be closed. At this time, if the leakage sensor 103 detects leakage information, the battery management controller 200 sends a leakage signal containing the identity information of the selected battery pack.

[0031] Specifically, after all the first switches and / or all the second switches are disconnected, the battery management controller 200 sends a leakage detection request instruction to the leakage sensor 103 again. If the leakage sensor 103 detects leakage, the leakage sensor 103 sends leakage alarm information to the battery management controller 200, and the battery management controller 200 sends a second leakage signal to the vehicle control unit 300. If no leakage is detected, the leakage sensor 103 sends a third leakage signal to the battery management controller 200. After receiving the third leakage signal, the battery management controller 200 selects the battery pack in sequence according to the preset rules, and controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to close. At this time, if the leakage sensor 103 detects leakage information, it sends leakage alarm information to the battery management controller 200, and the battery management controller 200 obtains the identity information of the battery pack corresponding to the leakage alarm information, and then sends a leakage signal containing the identity information of the battery pack to the vehicle control unit 300.

[0032] As an example, assuming that the power battery assembly 101 is Figure 2As shown, it includes three battery packs, which are marked as battery pack 1, battery pack 2, and battery pack 3, and also includes first switches: KM1, KM2, KM3, and second switches: KM4, KM5, KM6, and fuses: FU1, FU2, FU3, and current sensors LH1, LH2, and LH3. After receiving the third leakage signal, the battery management controller 200 controls the first switch KM1 and the second switch KM4 corresponding to the battery pack 1 to close, and sends a leakage detection request instruction to the leakage sensor 103, and the leakage sensor 103 performs leakage detection. If the leakage sensor 103 detects leakage information, it sends leakage alarm information to the battery management controller 200, and the battery management controller 200 sends a leakage signal containing the identity information of the battery pack 1 to the vehicle control unit 300. If the leakage sensor 103 does not detect leakage information, the battery management controller 200 controls the first switch KM1 and the second switch KM4 corresponding to the battery pack 1 to open, and sends a stop leakage detection instruction to the leakage sensor 103. Then the battery management controller 200 controls the first switch KM2 and the second switch KM5 corresponding to the battery pack 2 to close, and sends a leakage detection request instruction to the leakage sensor 103, and the leakage sensor 103 performs leakage detection. If the leakage sensor 103 detects leakage information, it sends leakage alarm information to the battery management controller 200, and the battery management controller 200 sends a leakage signal containing the identity information of the battery pack 2 to the vehicle control unit 300. If the leakage sensor 103 does not detect leakage information, the battery management controller 200 controls the first switch KM2 and the second switch KM5 corresponding to the battery pack 2 to open, and sends a stop leakage detection instruction to the leakage sensor 103. Then the battery management controller 200 controls the first switch KM3 and the second switch KM6 corresponding to the battery pack 3 to close, and sends a leakage detection request instruction to the leakage sensor 103, and the leakage sensor 103 performs leakage detection. If the leakage sensor 103 detects leakage information, it sends leakage alarm information to the battery management controller 200, and the battery management controller 200 sends a leakage signal including the identity information of the battery pack 3 to the vehicle control unit 300.

[0033] Therefore, when the power battery assembly 101 leaks electricity, it is possible to specifically determine the battery pack where the leakage occurs, thereby further determining the location where the leakage occurs.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of load branches include a motor controller branch and a DC-DC converter branch, the motor controller branch includes a motor controller, a main contactor, and a first pre-charging circuit, the motor controller is connected in series with the main contactor, the first pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the main contactor, the DC-DC converter branch includes a DC-DC converter, a DC contactor, and a second pre-charging circuit, the DC-DC converter is connected in series with the DC contactor, the second pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the DC contactor, and a total positive contactor is connected between the positive electrode of the power battery assembly 101 and each load branch. The first pre-charging circuit and the second pre-charging circuit share a pre-charging resistor, the first pre-charging circuit also includes a main pre-charging contactor connected in series with the pre-charging resistor, and the second pre-charging circuit also includes a DC pre-charging contactor connected in series with the pre-charging resistor. In this embodiment, the power battery assembly 101 supplies power to the load 102 through the high-voltage distribution box, and the leakage sensor 103 is installed between the negative electrode of the power battery assembly 101 and the housing of the high-voltage distribution box, thereby detecting the insulation resistance between the high-voltage circuit where the power battery assembly 101 is located and the housing. When the insulation resistance is less than a preset resistance threshold, it is determined that leakage information is detected. As an example, see Figure 3 , including a DC charger assembly 400, a maintenance switch assembly 500 of the main positive contactor KM7 and the isolating switch QS, a high-voltage distribution box assembly 600, and a current sensor LH, a main contactor K1, a main pre-charging contactor K2 on the first pre-charging circuit, a DC contactor K3, a DC pre-charging contactor K4 on the second pre-charging circuit, a charging contactor K5, a charging negative contactor K6, a pre-charging resistor R1, a charging fuse S1, a main fuse S2, a DC-DC fuse S3, a PTC fuse S4, an air conditioning fuse S5, and an air compressor fuse S6.

[0035] Before controlling the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to close, the battery management controller 200 also controls the total positive contactor, the main contactor, and the DC contactor to open.

[0036] Specifically, if the leakage sensor 103 sends a third leakage signal to the battery management controller 200, the battery management controller 200 disconnects the total positive contactor, the main contactor, and the DC contactor, and sends a stop leakage detection instruction to the leakage sensor 103. Then, the battery pack is selected in sequence according to the preset rule, and the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack are controlled to be closed.

[0037] Therefore, after determining that the load 102 is not leaking, the leakage situation of the power battery assembly 101 can be judged.

[0038] Among them, after determining that the power battery assembly is leaking, the vehicle control unit 300 determines the existence of a non-leaking battery pack based on the leakage signal containing the battery pack identity information; the vehicle control unit 300 can also send a high-voltage power-on instruction to the battery management controller 200 when receiving the high-voltage power-on instruction, so that the battery management controller 200 executes the power-on process according to the high-voltage power-on instruction; when the vehicle control unit 300 receives the high-voltage power-on success signal sent by the battery management controller 200, it controls the load 102 that has been unloaded due to leakage to start.

[0039] Specifically, the vehicle control unit 300 can determine whether a high-voltage power-on instruction is received. For example, the high-voltage power-on instruction can be a high-voltage power-on instruction issued by maintenance personnel according to actual conditions. For another example, the high-voltage power-on instruction can be a high-voltage power-on instruction automatically obtained by the vehicle control unit 300 after determining that the battery pack is leaking and there is a non-leaking battery pack. After obtaining the high-voltage power-on instruction, the vehicle control unit 300 sends the high-voltage power-on instruction to the battery management controller 200.

[0040] The battery management controller 200 receives the high-voltage power-on instruction, and controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the non-leaking battery pack to close according to the high-voltage power-on instruction, and controls the total positive contactor, the main pre-charge contactor, and the DC pre-charge contactor to close; after waiting for a preset time, controls the main contactor and the DC contactor to close, and controls the main pre-charge contactor and the DC pre-charge contactor to disconnect. The value range of the above preset time is 1s to 5s, for example, it can be 3s. Then send a high-voltage power-on success signal to the vehicle control unit 300.

[0041] After receiving the high-voltage power-on success signal, the vehicle control unit 300 sends a high-voltage power-on command to the load 102 that was unloaded due to leakage. The load 102 starts after receiving the high-voltage power-on command, and sends a high-voltage power-on success message to the vehicle control unit 300 after the startup is completed. After receiving the high-voltage power-on success message sent by all loads 102 that were unloaded due to leakage, the vehicle control unit 300 sends a high-voltage downgrade power-on success message for this section of the vehicle.

[0042] Therefore, when some battery packs in the power battery assembly 101 leak electricity, the remaining battery packs that have not leaked electricity can be used to supply power to the load 102, so that the vehicle 10 can quickly resume operation.

[0043] In summary, the vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention controls the load in working state to unload when receiving the first leakage signal through the vehicle control unit, and sends a high-voltage power-down instruction to the battery management controller after the load is unloaded. The battery management controller controls the disconnection between the battery pack and the positive and / or negative pole of the power battery assembly, and determines the leakage location according to whether the second leakage signal is received after the disconnection. And when the leakage location is the power battery assembly, it can also be specifically determined which battery pack is leaking, so as to further determine the leakage location. And in the case of partial battery pack leakage, the remaining battery packs that are not leaking can also be relied on to power the load, so that the vehicle can quickly resume operation.

[0044] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for detecting and locating leakage of a vehicle.

[0045] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for detecting and locating leakage in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle includes a vehicle control unit, a battery management controller, a leakage sensor, a power battery assembly, and multiple load branches. Each load branch is connected in parallel at both ends of the power battery assembly. The leakage sensor is connected to the negative pole of the power battery assembly and is used to trigger the battery management controller to send a leakage signal to the vehicle control unit when leakage information is detected.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle leakage detection and positioning method includes:

[0048] S11, when the vehicle control unit receives the first leakage signal sent by the battery management controller, it controls the load currently in working state to unload.

[0049] S12, the vehicle control unit confirms that the load unloading is completed, and sends a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller, so as to control the connection and disconnection between the power battery assembly and each load branch through the battery management controller.

[0050] S13, when the vehicle control unit receives the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller within the first preset time, it determines that the load is leaking, otherwise it determines that the power battery assembly is leaking.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power battery assembly includes N parallel battery packs, the positive electrode of each battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery assembly through a first switch, and the negative electrode of each battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly through a second switch, N is a positive integer, wherein the connection between the power battery assembly and each load branch is disconnected by controlling all the first switches and / or all the second switches to be disconnected.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, after determining that the power battery assembly is leaking, the method also includes: the battery management controller selects the battery pack in sequence according to a preset rule, and controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to close. At this time, if the leakage sensor detects leakage information, the battery management controller sends a leakage signal containing the identity information of the selected battery pack.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, multiple load branches include a motor controller branch and a DC-DC converter branch. The motor controller branch includes a motor controller, a main contactor, and a first pre-charging circuit. The motor controller is connected in series with the main contactor, and the first pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the main contactor. The DC-DC converter branch includes a DC-DC converter, a DC contactor, and a second pre-charging circuit. The DC-DC converter is connected in series with the DC contactor, and the second pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the DC contactor. A total positive contactor is connected between the positive electrode of the power battery assembly and each load branch. Before the battery management controller controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to close, the vehicle leakage detection and positioning method also includes: the battery management controller controls the total positive contactor, the main contactor, and the DC contactor to disconnect.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, after determining that the power battery assembly is leaking, the method also includes: the vehicle control unit determines the presence of a non-leaking battery pack based on a leakage signal containing the battery pack identity information; when the vehicle control unit receives a high-voltage power-on instruction, it sends a high-voltage power-on instruction to the battery management controller, so that the battery management controller executes the power-on process according to the high-voltage power-on instruction; when the vehicle control unit receives a high-voltage power-on success signal sent by the battery management controller, it controls the load that has been unloaded due to leakage to start.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first pre-charging circuit and the second pre-charging circuit share a pre-charging resistor, the first pre-charging circuit also includes a main pre-charging contactor connected in series with the pre-charging resistor, the second pre-charging circuit also includes a DC pre-charging contactor connected in series with the pre-charging resistor, and the battery management controller executes a power-on process according to a high-voltage power-on instruction, including: the battery management controller controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the non-leaking battery pack to close according to the high-voltage power-on instruction, and controls the total positive contactor, the main pre-charging contactor, and the DC pre-charging contactor to close; after waiting for a preset time, controls the main contactor and the DC contactor to close, and controls the main pre-charging contactor and the DC pre-charging contactor to disconnect.

[0056] It should be noted that for other specific implementations of the vehicle leakage detection and positioning method according to the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the above-mentioned vehicle.

[0057] The leakage detection and positioning method of the vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention controls the unloading of the load in the working state when receiving the first leakage signal through the vehicle control unit, and sends a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller after the load is unloaded. The battery management controller controls the disconnection between the positive and / or negative electrodes of the battery pack and the power battery assembly, and determines the leakage position according to whether the second leakage signal is received after the disconnection. And when the leakage position is the power battery assembly, it can also be specifically determined which battery pack is leaking, so as to further determine the leakage position. And in the case of partial battery pack leakage, the remaining battery packs that are not leaking can also be relied on to power the load, so that the vehicle can quickly resume operation.

[0058] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection portion with one or more wirings (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0059] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0062] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and locating leakage of a vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a vehicle control unit, a battery management controller, a leakage sensor, a power battery assembly, and multiple load branches, each of which is connected in parallel at both ends of the power battery assembly. The leakage sensor is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly and is used to trigger the battery management controller to send a leakage signal to the vehicle control unit when leakage information is detected. The method includes: When the vehicle control unit receives the first leakage signal sent by the battery management controller, it controls the load currently in working state to unload; The vehicle control unit confirms that the load unloading is completed, and sends a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller, so as to control the power battery assembly to be disconnected from each of the load branches through the battery management controller; When the vehicle control unit receives the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller within the first preset time, it determines that the load is leaking, otherwise it determines that the power battery assembly is leaking; The power battery assembly includes N parallel battery packs, the positive electrode of each battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery assembly through a first switch, and the negative electrode of each battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly through a second switch, N is a positive integer, wherein, The power battery assembly is disconnected from each of the load branches by controlling all the first switches and / or all the second switches to be disconnected; After determining that the power battery assembly is leaking electricity, the method further includes: The battery management controller selects battery packs in sequence according to a preset rule, and controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to be closed. At this time, if the leakage sensor detects leakage information, the battery management controller sends a leakage signal containing the identity information of the selected battery pack; The multiple load branches include a motor controller branch and a DC-DC converter branch. The motor controller branch includes a motor controller, a main contactor, and a first pre-charging circuit. The motor controller is connected in series with the main contactor, and the first pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the main contactor. The DC-DC converter branch includes a DC-DC converter, a DC contactor, and a second pre-charging circuit. The DC-DC converter is connected in series with the DC contactor, and the second pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the DC contactor. A total positive contactor is connected between the positive electrode of the power battery assembly and each of the load branches. Before the battery management controller controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to close, the method further includes: The battery management controller controls the total positive contactor, the main contactor and the DC contactor to be disconnected; After determining that the power battery assembly is leaking electricity, the method further includes: The vehicle control unit determines the presence of a non-leaking battery pack based on a leakage signal including the battery pack identity information; When the vehicle control unit receives the high-voltage power-on instruction, it sends the high-voltage power-on instruction to the battery management controller, so that the battery management controller executes the power-on process according to the high-voltage power-on instruction; When the vehicle control unit receives the high-voltage power-on success signal sent by the battery management controller, it controls the load that is unloaded due to leakage to start.

2. The method for detecting and locating leakage of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pre-charging circuit and the second pre-charging circuit share a pre-charging resistor, the first pre-charging circuit further includes a main pre-charging contactor connected in series with the pre-charging resistor, the second pre-charging circuit further includes a DC pre-charging contactor connected in series with the pre-charging resistor, and the battery management controller executes a power-on process according to the high-voltage power-on instruction, including: The battery management controller controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the non-leaking battery pack to close according to the high-voltage power-on instruction, and controls the total positive contactor, the main pre-charging contactor, and the DC pre-charging contactor to close; After waiting for a preset time, the main contactor and the DC contactor are controlled to be closed, and the main pre-charging contactor and the DC pre-charging contactor are controlled to be opened.

3. A vehicle, characterized in that: It includes a battery management controller, a vehicle control unit and multiple carriages, each carriage includes a power battery assembly, a leakage sensor and multiple load branches, the power battery assembly includes a battery pack, each load branch is connected in parallel at both ends of the power battery assembly, and the leakage sensor is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly to detect leakage information; The battery management controller is used to generate a leakage signal when any of the leakage sensors detects the leakage information; The vehicle control unit is used to control the unloading of the load currently in operation in the corresponding compartment upon receiving the first leakage signal sent by the battery management controller, and to send a high-voltage power-off instruction to the battery management controller upon confirming that the load unloading is completed, so as to control the corresponding power battery assembly to be disconnected from each of the load branches through the battery management controller, and to determine that the load is leaking upon receiving the second leakage signal sent by the battery management controller within a first preset time, otherwise, determine that the power battery assembly is leaking; The power battery assembly includes N parallel battery packs, the positive electrode of each battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the power battery assembly through a first switch, and the negative electrode of each battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the power battery assembly through a second switch, N is a positive integer, wherein the battery management controller is used to disconnect the power battery assembly from each of the load branches by controlling all the first switches and / or all the second switches to be disconnected; After determining that the power battery assembly is leaking, the battery management controller sequentially selects the battery packs in the corresponding power battery assembly according to a preset rule, controls the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to close, and sends a leakage detection request instruction to the corresponding leakage sensor again; When the leakage sensor detects leakage information, a leakage signal including identity information of the selected battery pack is sent to the vehicle control unit; The multiple load branches include a motor controller branch and a DC-DC converter branch, the motor controller branch includes a motor controller, a main contactor, and a first pre-charging circuit, the motor controller is connected in series with the main contactor, the first pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the main contactor, the DC-DC converter branch includes a DC-DC converter, a DC contactor, and a second pre-charging circuit, the DC-DC converter is connected in series with the DC contactor, the second pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with the DC contactor, and a total positive contactor is connected between the positive electrode of the power battery assembly and each of the load branches; Wherein, before controlling the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the selected battery pack to close, the battery management controller also controls the total positive contactor, the main contactor, and the DC contactor to open; After determining that the power battery assembly is leaking, the vehicle control unit determines the presence of a non-leaking battery pack based on a leakage signal containing the battery pack identity information; upon receiving a high-voltage power-on instruction, the vehicle control unit sends a high-voltage power-on instruction to the battery management controller, so that the battery management controller executes the power-on process according to the high-voltage power-on instruction; upon receiving a high-voltage power-on success signal sent by the battery management controller, the vehicle control unit controls the start-up of the load that has been unloaded due to leakage.

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