A carbon dioxide capture system for hydrogen fuel cells

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and includes a carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a pre-treatment device, a carbon dioxide treatment device, a post-treatment device, and a storage device; the pre-treatment device includes a separator, in which a carbon monoxide adsorbent and a methanol membrane separator are disposed; the carbon dioxide treatment device includes a first component, a second component, and a third component that are sequentially connected; the first component includes a reaction cylinder connected to the separator by a pipe, the reaction cylinder containing a reaction liquid capable of reacting with carbon dioxide; the second component includes an adsorption cylinder, which is connected to the reaction cylinder by a pipe and filled with a filler capable of reacting with carbon dioxide; the third component is connected to the adsorption cylinder, and the temperature in the third component is less than -80°C. The present application can improve the purity of the obtained hydrogen and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and in particular to a carbon dioxide capture system for hydrogen fuel cells. Background Art

[0002] With the development of clean energy, hydrogen has gradually become the most ideal energy source. This is mainly because, when burning the same weight of coal, gasoline, and hydrogen, hydrogen produces the most energy, and its combustion product is water, which does not pollute the environment. Hydrogen energy has a wide range of uses and strong applicability, especially in fuel cells, where it has occupied an increasingly large proportion. Therefore, the use of hydrogen in fuel cells has gradually become a research focus.

[0003] Traditionally, hydrogen production primarily involves water electrolysis, but this method consumes a lot of energy and has low yields. However, methanol and water vapor, under certain temperature and pressure conditions, can generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the presence of a catalyst. The overall reaction equation is as follows: CH3OH + H2O → CO2 + 3H2. This has gradually replaced electrolysis in hydrogen production. However, the products of the methanol-water vapor reaction contain not only hydrogen but also other gases. Currently, some production processes primarily use a pressure swing adsorption system to separate and remove all impurities in one go to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen produced in this method is also contaminated with some carbon dioxide, resulting in a purity of approximately 85%-88%, which is insufficient to meet current requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to further improve the purity of the prepared hydrogen and reduce the impact on the greenhouse effect of the environment, the present application provides a carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0005] This application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell comprises a pre-treatment device, a carbon dioxide treatment device, a post-treatment device, and a storage device; the pre-treatment device comprises a separator, wherein a carbon monoxide adsorbent and a methanol membrane separator are disposed within the separator, and a mixed gas can enter from one end of the separator and be discharged from the other end; the carbon dioxide treatment device comprises a first component, a second component, and a third component that are sequentially connected;

[0007] The first component includes a reaction cylinder connected to the separator through a pipeline, and the reaction cylinder contains a reaction liquid that can react with carbon dioxide. The second component includes an adsorption cylinder, which is connected to the reaction cylinder through a pipeline, and is filled with a filler that can react with carbon dioxide. The third component is connected to the adsorption cylinder, and the temperature in the third component is less than -80°C. The mixed gas discharged from the separator enters the reaction cylinder, the adsorption cylinder and the third component in sequence. The storage device is connected to the third component, and the liquefied carbon dioxide in the third component flows into the storage device; the post-processing device is connected to the third component, and the gas discharged from the third component enters the post-processing device and then is discharged, and the post-processing device is filled with a carbon monoxide adsorbent.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the products of the reaction between methanol and water vapor mainly include carbon dioxide and hydrogen, as well as some methanol and carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide adsorbent and methanol membrane separator in the separation element can remove carbon monoxide and methanol from the mixed gas. The mixed gas then enters the reaction cylinder, where the reaction liquid in the reaction cylinder can react with carbon dioxide, thereby removing most of the carbon dioxide in the mixed gas. The gas in the reaction cylinder then enters the adsorption cylinder, where the filler in the adsorption cylinder can react with carbon dioxide, thereby further improving the carbon dioxide removal effect. The gas then enters the third component, where the carbon dioxide is liquefied into liquid under low temperature conditions and flows to a storage device for concentration. The hydrogen then enters the post-processing device, where the carbon monoxide adsorbent in the post-processing device can further adsorb carbon monoxide. The hydrogen is discharged from the post-processing device for subsequent storage or directly sent to a fuel cell for use. Through the multiple adsorption of the present application, the purity of the hydrogen can reach over 99%, greatly improving the hydrogen purity. In addition, the carbon dioxide can be consumed or liquefied and stored, reducing emissions to the environment.

[0009] Optionally, a ring plate is provided in the adsorption cylinder, the inner cavity of the ring plate forms a first space, and a second space is formed between the outer wall of the ring plate and the inner wall of the adsorption cylinder; the first space and the second space are connected to the reaction cylinder through a pipe, the first space and the second space are filled with calcium oxide, and the adsorption cylinder is connected to a first supplementary component for supplying water to the first space; the adsorption cylinder is connected to a heating device for heating the second space, and an opening is provided on the ring plate to connect the first space and the second space.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the reaction cylinder and the first space and the second space are all connected by pipes. The first supplementary component supplies water to the first space, and calcium oxide can react with water to generate calcium hydroxide, which can react with carbon dioxide to adsorb carbon dioxide. The heating device heats the second space, so that calcium oxide can also react with carbon dioxide at high temperature, so that both the first space and the second space can consume carbon dioxide.

[0011] Optionally, the temperature of the post-processing device is set to be less than -80°C, and the post-processing device and the storage device are connected through a pipeline.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of the post-processing device is lower than the boiling point of carbon dioxide. Therefore, even if a small amount of carbon dioxide is still contained in the hydrogen, it can be liquefied in the post-processing device, thereby further improving the purity of the hydrogen.

[0013] Optionally, the reaction liquid is sodium hydroxide, a pH detection device is provided in the reaction cylinder, and the reaction cylinder is connected to a second feeding piece for adding sodium hydroxide to the reaction cylinder.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide react faster, the removal effect of carbon dioxide is better, and the pH detection device is easier to understand the reaction situation, and sodium hydroxide solution can be supplemented according to the situation.

[0015] Optionally, the inner wall of the reaction cylinder is rotatably connected to a baffle, a gap exists between one end of the baffle and the inner wall of the reaction cylinder, and the baffles are alternately arranged in the vertical direction, a power part for driving the baffle to rotate is installed on the reaction cylinder, a channel for sodium hydroxide to flow is formed between the baffles, the baffles can switch back and forth between inclined upward and inclined downward, the position where the gas enters the reaction cylinder is lower than the connection position between the lowest baffle and the inner wall of the reaction cylinder, and the connection position between the second feeding piece and the reaction cylinder is located at the upper end of the reaction cylinder; the side wall of the reaction cylinder is also connected to a liquid outlet pipe, the end of the liquid outlet pipe away from the reaction cylinder is connected to a holding device, and the connection position of the liquid outlet pipe and the reaction cylinder is lower than the connection position of the lowest baffle.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the baffles are all tilted upward, the mixed gas enters the reaction cylinder, and the gas path can be bent, thereby increasing the reaction time of the gas in the sodium hydroxide solution, thereby improving the removal efficiency of carbon dioxide; when the reaction liquid needs to be replaced, the baffles are rotated to tilt downward, and the material is added from the top and discharged from the bottom. The baffles help the flow of the reaction liquid, and the gas can also be taken in at the same time when the reaction liquid is replaced, and there is no need to stop the gas intake to replace the reaction liquid.

[0017] Optionally, the baffle is an internal hollow structure, the inner wall of the reaction cylinder is ball-hinged with an extension rod, and a reset member is provided between the extension rod and the inner wall of the reaction cylinder, and the reset member is used to provide the extension rod with a force perpendicular to the inner wall of the reaction cylinder, the extension rod extends into the inner cavity of the baffle, and the side wall of the extension rod is provided with a downward extending protrusion, and a clearance groove is provided on the lower surface of the baffle at a position corresponding to the protrusion, and when the baffle is tilted downward, the protrusion can extend out of the small surface of the baffle from the clearance groove, and when the baffle is tilted downward, the protrusion can be received in the inner cavity of the baffle.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the baffle is tilted upward, the protrusion can extend out of the lower surface of the baffle, so that the protrusion can break the bubbles when the gas passes through, promoting the reaction between carbon dioxide and the reaction liquid; when the baffle is tilted downward, the protrusion can be stored in the baffle, so that the reaction liquid can flow better when the reaction liquid is replaced.

[0019] Optionally, the baffle is an internal hollow structure, the inner wall of the reaction cylinder is ball-hinged with an extension rod, and a reset member is provided between the extension rod and the inner wall of the reaction cylinder, and the reset member is used to provide the extension rod with a force perpendicular to the inner wall of the reaction cylinder, the extension rod extends into the inner cavity of the baffle, and the side wall of the extension rod is provided with a downward extending protrusion, and a clearance groove is provided on the lower surface of the baffle at a position corresponding to the protrusion, and when the baffle is tilted downward, the protrusion can extend out of the small surface of the baffle from the clearance groove, and when the baffle is tilted downward, the protrusion can be received in the inner cavity of the baffle.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the extension rod can be in a horizontal state under the elastic force of the spring, so that the protrusion can be extended out of the baffle surface or accommodated in the baffle cavity by rotating the baffle.

[0021] Optionally, leakage holes are provided at intervals on the lower surface of the baffle.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the gas can enter the inner cavity of the baffle through the leakage hole during intake, so that the gas stays in the reaction liquid for a longer time, thereby improving the removal effect of carbon dioxide.

[0023] In summary, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The mixed gas first passes through the pre-treatment device to remove carbon monoxide and methanol, and then passes through the first component, second component and third component for multiple adsorption to remove most of the carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is consumed by the reaction and liquefied and stored, and will not be discharged into the environment. Finally, the hydrogen is further purified by the post-treatment device, so that high-purity hydrogen can be obtained in the end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the simple structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a simple schematic diagram of the pre-processing device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adsorption cylinder in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the reaction tube in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reaction tube in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the baffle in the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Pre-treatment device; 101. Separation element; 102. Gas inlet channel; 103. Gas outlet channel; 104. Carbon monoxide adsorbent; 105. Membrane separator; 106. Feeding channel; 2. Carbon dioxide treatment device; 21. First component; 211. Reaction cylinder; 22. Second component; 221. Adsorption cylinder; 222. Ring plate; 223. First space; 224. Second space; 225. Opening; 23. Third component; 3. Post-treatment device; 4. Storage device; 5. First supplementary component; 6. Heating device; 7. Second feeding component; 8. Baffle; 9. Power component; 10. Holding device; 11. Extension rod; 12. Reset component; 13. Protrusion; 14. Make way groove; 15. Ring protrusion; 16. Leakage hole; 17. Liquid outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0033] The present application discloses a carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell. Figure 1 The capture system includes a pre-treatment device 1, a carbon dioxide treatment device 2, a post-treatment device 3, and a storage device 4. The capture system is installed at the end of the methanol and water hydrogen production system. The gas produced by the reaction first enters the pre-treatment device 1 for treatment. The gas after the pre-treatment device 1 enters the carbon dioxide treatment device 2 for carbon dioxide capture. Finally, it is further purified by the post-treatment device 3 to obtain hydrogen. The carbon dioxide captured by the carbon dioxide treatment device 2 is collected by the storage device 4.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The pretreatment device 1 includes a separator 101, which can be a horizontally arranged cylindrical structure. One end of the separator 101 is the gas inlet end and is connected to a gas introduction channel 102, and the other end is the gas outlet end and is connected to a gas outlet channel 103. The gas introduction channel 102 is used to connect to the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen production system. The inner cavity of the separator 101 is filled with a carbon monoxide adsorbent 104 and a methanol membrane separator 105. The side wall of the separator 101 is also connected to a feeding channel 106 for adding carbon monoxide adsorbent 104 to the separator 101. The mixed gas obtained by the hydrogen production system mainly contains carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and also contains unreacted methanol and carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide and methanol can be processed first through the separation element 101, and the carbon monoxide can be adsorbed, which improves the purity of the hydrogen while reducing the risk of leakage of toxic carbon monoxide gas. After passing through the separation element 101, the mixed gas is mainly hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and enters the subsequent carbon dioxide treatment device 2.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The carbon dioxide treatment device 2 includes a first component 21, a second component 22, and a third component 23 arranged in sequence. The gas discharged from the separator 101 passes through the first component 21, the second component 22, and the third component 23 in sequence. The first component 21 includes a reaction cylinder 211, and the reaction cylinder 211 contains a reaction liquid, which is a sodium hydroxide solution. The separator 101 is connected to the reaction cylinder 211 through the gas outlet channel 103. The mixed gas processed by the separator 101 enters the reaction cylinder 211, and the carbon dioxide can react with the sodium hydroxide as follows: 2NaOH+CO2→Na2CO3+H20 and NaOH+CO2→NaHCO3. Most of the carbon dioxide in the gas can be reacted through the reaction liquid.

[0036] The reaction tube 211 is also connected with the second feeding piece 7, which is a tank body and is connected to the reaction tube 211 through a pipeline, and the second feeding piece 7 is a pre-configured sodium hydroxide solution. A pH detection device (not shown) is installed in the reaction tube 211 for detecting the pH of the reaction solution. When the alkalinity drops to a predetermined value, the reaction solution is added to the reaction tube 211 through the second feeding piece 7. The reaction tube 211 is also connected with a holding device 10 through a pipeline, and the reaction solution after the reaction in the reaction tube 211 can be discharged into the holding device 10 through a pipeline for storage and subsequent processing. Valves are installed on the pipelines in this application, and the flow rate of the reaction solution can be controlled by the valve, so that the flow rate of the reaction solution can be reasonably controlled according to the amount of gas, so that there is enough sodium hydroxide in the reaction tube 211 to react with carbon dioxide.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The second component 22 includes an adsorption cylinder 221. Preferably, the adsorption cylinder 221 is a cylindrical structure and the adsorption cylinder 221 and the reaction cylinder 211 are connected by a pipeline. A ring plate 222 is installed in the adsorption cylinder 221. The ring plate 222 and the adsorption cylinder 221 are coaxially arranged. The inner cavity of the ring plate 222 forms a first space 223. A second space 224 is formed between the ring plate 222 and the inner wall of the adsorption cylinder 221. The first space 223 and the second space 224 are both filled with solid calcium oxide. A plurality of gas pipelines are installed on the reaction cylinder 211. The pipelines are respectively connected to the first space 223 and the second space 224, that is, the gas after the reaction liquid is treated in the reaction cylinder 211 can enter the first space 223 and the second space 224. A first supplemental component 5 is connected to the outer wall of the adsorption cylinder 221. This component is used to add water to the first space 223, allowing the calcium oxide in the first space 223 to react with the water to form calcium hydroxide. The calcium hydroxide then reacts with carbon dioxide, thereby adsorbing carbon dioxide and increasing the purity of the hydrogen. The first supplemental component 5 can be a device such as a water pump that can supply water to the first space 223. A heating device 6 is connected to the outer wall of the adsorption cylinder 221. The heating device 6 can be a tubular heater, a far-infrared heater, a steam heater, a thermal oil heater, or the like. The heating device 6 is used to heat the second space 224. Under high temperature conditions, the carbon dioxide in the second space 224 reacts with the calcium oxide to form the following reaction: CaO + CO2 → CaCO3. Furthermore, an opening 225 is provided on the ring plate 222, and the opening 225 connects the first space 223 and the second space 224. The reaction between calcium oxide and water in the first space 223 generates a large amount of heat that can enter the second space 224, thereby utilizing its heat, and gas can enter the first space 223 and the second space 224 to promote the absorption of carbon dioxide.

[0038] The third component 23 is a cooling kettle with a hollow interior. The adsorption cylinder 221 is equipped with a gas pipeline. The first space 223 and the second space 224 are both connected to the third component 23 through pipelines, and the pipelines are also equipped with valves. The third component 23 is connected to a temperature control device and a pressure control device. The specific temperature control device and pressure control device are set using existing devices, which can keep the temperature in the third component 23 below -80°C. After hydrogen and carbon dioxide enter the third component 23, carbon dioxide can be liquefied under high pressure and low temperature conditions, while hydrogen remains hydrogen, thereby further separating carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The third component 23 is also connected to the storage device 4 through a pipeline. The third component 23 can deliver liquefied carbon dioxide to the storage device 4 through the pipeline. The internal temperature of the storage and transportation device is maintained below -80°C to ensure that the liquid carbon dioxide remains in liquid form and does not vaporize and leak.

[0039] The post-processing device 3 is connected to the third component 23 through a pipeline, and the gas passing through the third component 23 enters the post-processing device 3. The post-processing device 3 is filled with a carbon monoxide adsorbent 104, and the small amount of carbon monoxide contained in the gas can be adsorbed again. The exhaust port of the post-processing device 3 is connected to the hydrogen inlet end of the fuel cell, thereby providing high-purity hydrogen, and can also be used to connect to the hydrogen storage tank. In a further solution, the temperature of the post-processing device 3 is also set to below -80°C, so that the carbon dioxide present in the post-processing device 3 can be liquefied again. The post-processing device 3 is connected to the storage device 4 through a pipeline, that is, the liquefied carbon dioxide can be sent to the storage device.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the reaction tube 211 of the first component 21, the reaction tube 211 has a square frame structure, and a plurality of baffles 8 are installed in the vertical direction inside the reaction tube 211. In this embodiment, the baffles 8 are provided in two pieces. Both sides and one end of the baffle 8 abut against the inner wall of the reaction tube 211, and there is a gap between the other end and the inner wall of the reaction tube 211. The baffle 8 is rotatably installed in the reaction tube 211, and the reaction tube 211 is also equipped with a power member 9 for driving the baffle 8 to rotate. The air inlet pipe of the reaction tube 211 is located on the lower side wall of the reaction tube 211 and below the lowest baffle 8. The baffle 8 is rotated to an inclined upward direction by the power member 9, and a space for gas to pass through is formed between the baffles 8. The gas moves from bottom to top along the baffle 8, and the movement path of the gas is curved, thereby improving the reaction time of the gas and the reaction liquid. A rotating shaft is fixed to the end of the baffle 8, which is rotatably connected to the side wall of the reaction barrel 211. One of the rotating shafts extends through the side wall of the reaction barrel 211 and is fixed with a worm gear. The power member 9 includes a worm rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the reaction barrel 211 and a motor for driving the worm gear. The worm gear and worm gear engage to drive the baffle 8 to rotate. In other embodiments, a motor and the rotating shaft can also be connected to drive the rotation of the baffle 8.

[0041] The lower sidewall of the reaction cylinder 211 is also equipped with a liquid outlet pipe 17, which is located below the connection point between the lowermost baffle 8 and the reaction cylinder 211. The connection point between the second feeding member 7 and the reaction cylinder 211 is located on the upper sidewall of the reaction cylinder 211. When the sodium hydroxide solution is added, the baffle 8 is rotated to an angle downward by the power member 9, the liquid outlet pipe 17 is in the discharge position, and the upper end of the reaction cylinder 211 is in the feed position, which is more conducive to the flow of sodium hydroxide.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6The baffle 8 has an internal hollow structure, and an extension rod 11 is ball-hinged on the inner wall of the reaction cylinder 211. A reset member 12 is also installed on the extension rod 11. Under the action of the reset member 12, the extension rod 11 can be kept in a horizontal state. The extension rod 11 extends into the corresponding inner cavity of the baffle 8, and each baffle 8 has multiple extension rods 11. The side wall of the extension rod 11 is fixed with multiple downwardly extending protrusions 13, and a clearance groove 14 is provided on the baffle 8. When the baffle 8 rotates to an inclined upward state, the baffle 8 can drive the extension rod 11 to rotate upward, and the protrusion 13 can extend from the clearance groove 14. Therefore, when the gas reaction liquid passes through the protrusion 13, the protrusion 13 can break the bubbles and divert the gas, thereby promoting the reaction of carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide. Furthermore, a plurality of leakage holes 16 are spaced apart on the lower surface of the baffle 8, so that the gas can easily enter the inner cavity of the baffle 8, thereby further improving the reaction time of the gas and the reaction liquid. When the baffle 8 is rotated downward to an inclined state, sodium hydroxide is added and the protrusion 13 can be accommodated in the inner cavity of the baffle 8, thereby reducing the protrusion 13 from the surface of the baffle 8, thereby reducing the formation of a circular flow around the protrusion 13 and making the sodium bicarbonate flow insufficient.

[0043] An annular protrusion 15 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the extension rod 11, and the reset member 12 includes a spring sleeved on the outer wall of the extension rod 11. One end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the reaction cylinder 211, and the other end is connected to the annular protrusion 15. Under the action of the elastic force of the spring, the extension rod 11 can be kept in a horizontal state. When the baffle 8 rotates and drives the extension rod 11 to rotate, the spring is bent.

[0044] The implementation principle of the carbon dioxide capture system of a hydrogen fuel cell in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: carbon monoxide and methanol are adsorbed by the pretreatment device 1, and then carbon dioxide is adsorbed and removed by the first component 21, the second component 22 and the third component 23. After multiple adsorption and treatment, the purity of the obtained hydrogen can reach more than 99%, and the carbon dioxide can be adsorbed or converted into liquid storage without being discharged into the environment.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pre-treatment device (1), a carbon dioxide treatment device (2), a post-treatment device (3) and a storage device (4); the pre-treatment device (1) comprises a separator (101), a carbon monoxide adsorbent (104) and a methanol membrane separator (105) are arranged in the separator (101), and a mixed gas can enter from one end of the separator (101) and be discharged from the other end; the carbon dioxide treatment device (2) comprises a first component (21), a second component (22) and a third component (23) which are arranged in sequence and in communication with each other; The first component (21) includes a reaction cylinder (211) connected to the separation element (101) via a pipeline, and the reaction cylinder (211) contains a reaction liquid capable of reacting with carbon dioxide. The second component (22) includes an adsorption cylinder (221), and the adsorption cylinder (221) is connected to the reaction cylinder (211) via a pipeline, and the adsorption cylinder (221) is filled with a filler capable of reacting with carbon dioxide. The third component (23) is connected to the adsorption cylinder (221), and the temperature in the third component (23) is less than - 80°C, the mixed gas discharged from the separation element (101) sequentially enters the reaction cylinder (211), the adsorption cylinder (221) and the third component (23), the storage device (4) and the third component (23) are connected, and the liquefied carbon dioxide in the third component (23) flows into the storage device (4); the post-processing device (3) and the third component (23) are connected, and the gas discharged from the third component (23) enters the post-processing device (3) and is then discharged, and the post-processing device (3) is filled with a carbon monoxide adsorbent (104); The reaction liquid is sodium hydroxide, a pH detection device is provided in the reaction cylinder (211), and the reaction cylinder (211) is connected to a second feeding member (7) for adding sodium hydroxide to the reaction cylinder (211); The inner wall of the reaction cylinder (211) is rotatably connected to a baffle (8), a gap exists between one end of the baffle (8) and the inner wall of the reaction cylinder (211), and the baffles (8) are alternately arranged in the vertical direction. A power member (9) for driving the baffles (8) to rotate is installed on the reaction cylinder (211), and a channel for sodium hydroxide to flow is formed between the baffles (8). The baffles (8) can be switched back and forth between tilting upward and tilting downward. The reaction cylinder (211) enters the gas The position is lower than the connection position of the lowest baffle (8) and the inner wall of the reaction cylinder (211), and the connection position of the second feeding member (7) and the reaction cylinder (211) is located at the upper end of the reaction cylinder (211); the side wall of the reaction cylinder (211) is also connected to a liquid outlet pipe (17), and the end of the liquid outlet pipe (17) away from the reaction cylinder (211) is connected to a containing device (10), and the connection position of the liquid outlet pipe (17) and the reaction cylinder (211) is lower than the connection position of the lowest baffle (8); The baffle (8) is an internal hollow structure. The inner wall of the reaction tube (211) is spherically hinged with an extension rod (11). A reset member (12) is further provided between the extension rod (11) and the inner wall of the reaction tube (211). The reset member (12) is used to provide a force for the extension rod (11) to be perpendicular to the inner wall of the reaction tube (211). The extension rod (11) extends into the inner cavity of the baffle (8). The side wall of the extension rod (11) is provided with a downwardly extending protrusion (13). A clearance groove (14) is provided on the lower surface of the baffle (8) at a position corresponding to the protrusion (13). When the baffle (8) is tilted upward, the protrusion (13) can extend from the clearance groove (14) to a small surface of the baffle (8). When the baffle (8) is tilted downward, the protrusion (13) can be received in the inner cavity of the baffle (8).

2. A carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ring plate (222) is provided in the adsorption cylinder (221), the inner cavity of the ring plate (222) forms a first space (223), and a second space (224) is formed between the outer wall of the ring plate (222) and the inner wall of the adsorption cylinder (221); the first space (223) and the second space (224) are both connected to the reaction cylinder (211) through a pipeline, the first space (223) and the second space (224) are filled with calcium oxide, and the adsorption cylinder (221) is connected to a first supplementary component (5) for supplying water to the first space (223); the adsorption cylinder (221) is connected to a heating device (6) for heating the second space (224), and an opening (225) is opened on the ring plate (222) to connect the first space (223) and the second space (224).

3. The carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the post-processing device (3) is set to less than -80°C, and the post-processing device (3) and the storage device (4) are connected through a pipeline.

4. The carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the extension rod (11) is provided with an annular protrusion (15), and the reset member (12) comprises a spring sleeved on the outer wall of the extension rod (11), one end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the reaction cylinder (211), and the other end of the spring is connected to the annular protrusion (15).

5. The carbon dioxide capture system for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower surface of the baffle (8) is provided with leakage holes (16) at intervals.

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