A temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, which are characterized in that: the preparation method of the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber comprises the following steps: Step S1: using two materials with different thermal expansion coefficients as surface layer materials and bottom layer materials to make a film, and the surface layer and the bottom layer are combined by coating, spraying or bonding to form a flexible actuator film with a double-layer structure or a multi-layer structure; Step S2: cutting or splitting the flexible actuator film into a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber. The fiber is made of a flexible actuator and applied to fabrics and clothing products to solve the problem of the compatibility between temperature regulation performance and wearability in the prior art. It can be adaptively deformed by stimulus response when the temperature changes, thereby adjusting the thickness, airflow and static air content of the clothing, and achieving the effect of adaptive temperature regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polymer flexible actuators, temperature regulating fibers and textile preparation, in particular to a temperature self-adapting temperature regulating fiber and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the interface between the human body and the external environment, textiles play an important role in the heat exchange between the human body and the external environment. In recent years, the research on advanced textiles based on personal thermal management (PTM) has been increasingly valued by researchers. Better control of human heat dissipation is an effective way to achieve human thermal comfort and reduce building energy consumption. Personal thermal management, as the name suggests, includes personal cooling, heating, insulation and temperature regulation. In order to improve human thermal comfort and reduce the large amount of energy consumption caused by heating and cooling, it emphasizes the energy management of the human body and its environment. Traditional PTM strategies include human air / liquid cooling garments (Personal-Cooling Garment, PCG), human active heating garments (Personal-Heating Garment, PHG) and phase-change thermal management garments (Phase-Change Thermoregulation Garment, PTG). With the development of science and technology and the deepening of research, emerging strategies combining PTM with textiles have emerged, including passive thermal management solutions for human radiation and conduction heat transfer and new active thermal management devices. However, new human thermal management clothing often makes a trade-off between temperature regulation performance and wearability (breathability, washability, stretchability and tailorability). For example, metal nanofiber hybrid films / textiles for human radiation and conductive heat transfer use metal-loaded nanofiber membrane materials to regulate and manage human thermal radiation, thereby achieving the purpose of heat preservation and temperature regulation. However, such materials are not real clothing textiles and are difficult to replace real clothing fabrics in practical applications.

[0003] Soft actuators are an emerging type of environmentally responsive device. Compared with traditional rigid actuators, they are safer and gentler actuation devices. Soft actuators are usually made of highly deformable materials or composite materials, which can convert external energy into mechanical energy under various environmental stimuli. Their changes in microscopic conformation at the molecular level are converted into changes in volume or shape, thus showing macroscopic deformation of the actuator material. Actuating materials usually include inorganic carbon materials, memory alloys, polymer materials, etc. Polymer materials have attracted widespread attention due to their high thermal expansion coefficients, and how to achieve large-area preparation of actuator materials has also become one of the key factors affecting their application.

[0004] Chinese patent (application number: 201811332046.8) discloses a low-density polyethylene-carbon nanotube

[0005] The soft actuator and its preparation method have a laminated structure with low-density polyethylene film as the actuation matrix material and carbon nanotubes as the functional layer; the actuator film area is 1 to 6500 cm 2 The preparation method comprises: (1) adding carbon nanotubes to mixed acid, heating, stirring, washing with water, and freeze-drying to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes; (2) ultrasonically dispersing the acidified carbon nanotubes in a solvent to obtain a dispersion; (3) placing a low-density polyethylene film on a hot stage, placing the acidified carbon nanotube dispersion in a spray gun, vertically placing the spray gun above the polyethylene film, and spraying it on the surface of the polyethylene film under nitrogen pressure to obtain the obtained product. The method is simple and reliable, and has broad application prospects.

[0006] How to use the film products of this type of soft actuator to develop temperature-adaptive thermostatic fibers, and the products made from them not only have temperature-adaptive thermostatic functions, but can also be used as textile and clothing materials in the field of textiles and clothing that can be directly worn. Using flexible actuation technology to empower traditional textile and clothing materials provides a simple, effective, green and energy-saving solution for individual thermal management when the temperature changes. This is of great significance to the development of smart textiles and has huge economic value and application potential. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber and its preparation method and application, which is made of a flexible actuator and applied to fabrics and clothing products to solve the problem of the compatibility of temperature regulation performance and wearability in the prior art. The manufactured clothing can be adaptively deformed by stimulus response when the temperature changes, thereby adjusting the thickness, airflow and static air content of the clothing, and achieving the effect of adaptive temperature regulation.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0009] A method for preparing a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber, characterized in that the method for preparing the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step S1: using two materials with different thermal expansion coefficients as the surface layer material and the bottom layer material to make a thin film, wherein the surface layer and the bottom layer are combined by coating, spraying or bonding to form a flexible actuator thin film with a double-layer structure or a multi-layer structure;

[0011] Step S2: the flexible actuator film is made into a temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber by cutting or film splitting.

[0012] Improvement of the above technical solution: the area of ​​the flexible actuator film is greater than 1 cm 2 , thickness is 10~5000μm; the temperature adaptive temperature regulating fiber has a width of 1~500 mm, a length of 5~1000 mm, and an aspect ratio of >1.

[0013] Further improvement of the above technical solution: the surface layer or bottom layer adopts a thermal expansion coefficient greater than 50 p.pmK -1 The polymer film material includes low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon and polypropylene, and the bottom layer or the surface layer adopts a thermal expansion coefficient of less than 50 ppmK -1 materials, including copper, silver metal materials and polyimide film materials, carbon nanotubes, graphene carbon materials and MXene materials.

[0014] Further improvement to the above technical solution: the multi-layer structure of the flexible actuator film is to add an adhesive layer or a functional auxiliary agent layer in the middle or on both outer sides of the surface layer and the bottom layer.

[0015] Further improvement of the above technical solution: the adhesive layer is an adhesive material, and the functional auxiliary agent layer includes one or more of low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, copper, silver, polyimide, graphene, carbon nanotubes, luminescent materials and color-changing materials.

[0016] The invention discloses a temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber, which is characterized in that it is prepared by adopting the above-mentioned method for preparing the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber.

[0017] The present invention discloses a temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric made of the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber, characterized in that the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric is woven by the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber through a weaving process or a knitting process, or the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric is a composite fabric formed by fixing the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber to a fabric by pasting, bonding, or hot pressing.

[0018] Improvements to the above technical solution: the knitting process includes weaving the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber as the padding yarn into a padding structure, and weaving the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber as the weft yarn into the weft structure; the weaving process is to weave the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber as the warp yarn or the weft yarn into the fabric structure to form the warp float length or the weft float length.

[0019] Further improvement of the above technical solution: the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers in the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric are arranged in parallel in an array in the warp direction or the weft direction in the fabric, and intervals are left between the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers.

[0020] The invention provides a temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating clothing, characterized in that the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber is used as a filler for warmth preservation and combined with ordinary fabric to form the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating clothing, or the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric is used as the surface layer and the inner layer of the clothing fabric to form the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating clothing.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned temperature-adaptive thermoregulating clothing, characterized in that the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber is used as a filler for warmth preservation, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: preparing temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber;

[0023] Step 2: Use ordinary fabric as the surface layer and the lining layer to cut and sew into shape;

[0024] Step 3: Filling the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber between the surface layer and the inner layer as a filler for warmth preservation;

[0025] Step 4: Quilt or sew the surface layer and the lining layer to separate the surface layer and the lining layer into a number of enclosed spaces for accommodating fillings.

[0026] A further improvement to the above technical solution is that the size of the enclosed space between the surface layer and the inner layer for accommodating the filler is greater than the length of the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention uses a film product of a soft actuator to make a temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber by cutting or film cracking. The product prepared by the film product has both a temperature-adaptive thermostatic function and can be used as a textile clothing material in the field of textile clothing that can be directly worn; the problem of the incompatibility between temperature regulation performance and wearability in the prior art is solved;

[0029] 2. The temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber of the present invention can be used as a filling material for warmth preservation to make clothing, and can adaptively deform in a stimulus response manner when the temperature changes, thereby regulating the thickness, air flow and static air content of the clothing, achieving an adaptive thermoregulating effect;

[0030] 3. The present invention uses flexible actuation technology to empower traditional textile clothing materials, providing a simple, effective, green and energy-saving solution for individual thermal management when temperature changes. This is of great significance to the development of smart textiles and has great economic value and application potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fiber array structure of an embodiment of a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fabric of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fabric of the present invention before actuation and deformation;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fabric after actuation deformation according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a quilting structure of a temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating garment according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an initial state in which temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers in a temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating garment of the present invention are filled into a common fabric lattice;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating garment of the present invention in which temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers are filled into a common fabric lattice after the ambient temperature changes and the temperature-regulating fibers respond. Implementation

[0037] The present invention provides an embodiment of a method for preparing a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber, wherein the method for preparing the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: using two materials with different thermal expansion coefficients as the surface layer material and the bottom layer material to make a thin film, wherein the surface layer and the bottom layer are combined by coating, spraying or bonding to form a flexible actuator thin film with a double-layer structure or a multi-layer structure;

[0039] Step S2: the flexible actuator film is made into a temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber by cutting or film splitting.

[0040] Furthermore, the flexible actuator film area is greater than 1 cm 2 , thickness is 10~5000μm; the temperature adaptive temperature regulating fiber has a width of 1~500 mm, a length of 5~1000 mm, and an aspect ratio of >1.

[0041] Furthermore, the surface layer (or bottom layer) has a thermal expansion coefficient greater than 50 ppmK -1 The polymer membrane material includes low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon and polypropylene. The bottom layer (or surface layer) of the above-mentioned film has a thermal expansion coefficient of less than 50 ppmK -1 materials, including copper, silver metal materials and polyimide film materials, carbon nanotubes, graphene carbon materials and MXene materials.

[0042] Furthermore, the multilayer structure of the flexible actuator film is to add an adhesive layer or a functional auxiliary agent layer in the middle or on both outer sides of the surface layer and the bottom layer. That is, an adhesive layer or a functional auxiliary agent layer is added in the middle of the surface layer and the bottom layer, or an adhesive layer or a functional auxiliary agent layer is added on the outer side of the surface layer and the bottom layer.

[0043] Preferably, the adhesive layer is an adhesive material, and the functional additive layer includes one or more of low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, copper, silver, polyimide, graphene, carbon nanotubes, luminescent materials, and color-changing materials.

[0044] An embodiment of a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber of the present invention is prepared by adopting the above-mentioned method for preparing the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber.

[0045] The present invention discloses a specific embodiment of a temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric made of the above-mentioned temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber. The temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric is woven by the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber through a weaving process or a knitting process, or the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric is a composite fabric formed by fixing the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber to a fabric by pasting, bonding, or hot pressing.

[0046] Furthermore, the above-mentioned knitting process includes weaving the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber as a padding yarn into a padding structure, and weaving the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber as a weft yarn into a weft structure, and the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber is added as a weft yarn into the rib structure during weaving to form a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating knitted fabric; the above-mentioned weaving process is to weave the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber as a warp yarn or weft yarn into the fabric structure to form a warp float length or a weft float length.

[0047] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fabric of the present invention, a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber 1 is bonded to the surface of a common fabric 2, according to Figure 1 The warp or weft directions shown in the figure are arranged in parallel arrays, and intervals are left between the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fibers 1 to facilitate actuation and deformation.

[0048] In the embodiment 1 of the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating clothing of the present invention, the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber is used as a filler for warmth preservation and combined with ordinary fabric to produce the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating clothing.

[0049] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 In the second embodiment of a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating garment of the present invention, the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fabric of the above embodiment is used as the inner layer and the outer layer of the garment fabric. In the garment fabric, the positions of the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fibers 1 on the inner layer and the outer layer correspond to each other (such as Figure 2As shown in FIG. 1 ), when the ambient temperature changes, the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fibers 1 on the inner layer and the surface layer are simultaneously stimulated and actuated (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 3 As shown), it has the effect of adjusting the thickness, airflow and static air content of the garment.

[0050] In an embodiment of a method for preparing a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating garment of the present invention, the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber is used as a filler for warmth preservation, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: preparing temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber;

[0052] Step 2: Use ordinary fabric as the surface layer and the lining layer to cut and sew into shape;

[0053] Step 3: Filling the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber between the surface layer and the inner layer as a filler for warmth preservation;

[0054] Step 4: Quilt the top and bottom layers ( Figure 4 The 3 in the figure represents quilting lines) or sewing processing, which separates the surface layer and the lining layer into a number of closed spaces for accommodating fillings.

[0055] Preferably, the size of the enclosed space between the surface layer and the inner layer for accommodating the filler is greater than the length of the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber. The ordinary fabric 2 can be a clothing fabric such as a high-count and high-density pure cotton fabric or polyester fabric.

[0056] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 In the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating clothing using the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber 1 as a warm filler, the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber 1 is filled as a filler into the grid of the quilted or sewn ordinary fabric 2 (such as Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 ), when the ambient temperature changes, the thermoregulating fibers in the lattice of the ordinary fabric 2 are stimulated and actuated (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 6 ), thereby adjusting the thickness, airflow and static air content of the garment. This process is reversible.

[0057] The ordinary fabric 2 in the above embodiment may also be replaced by the following temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric, such as a woven fabric or a knitted fabric woven from temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers by a weaving process or a knitting process.

[0058] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the invention, and the invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the invention should also fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-adaptive thermoregulating garment, characterized in that: The temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric made of temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers is used as the surface layer and the inner layer of the clothing fabric to make the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating clothing, wherein the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric is a composite fabric formed by fixing the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers to the fabric by pasting, bonding, and hot pressing; the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers in the composite fabric are arranged in parallel in the warp or weft direction in the fabric fabric, and there are intervals between the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers; the positions of the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fibers on the inner layer and the surface layer of the clothing fabric correspond to each other; The method for preparing the temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber comprises the following steps: Step S1: using two materials with different thermal expansion coefficients as the surface layer material and the bottom layer material to make a thin film, wherein the surface layer and the bottom layer are combined by coating, spraying or bonding to form a flexible actuator thin film with a double-layer structure or a multi-layer structure; Step S2: Cutting or splitting the flexible actuator film into a temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber; The flexible actuator film area is greater than 1 cm 2 , thickness is 10~5000μm; the width of the temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber is 1~500 mm, the length is 5~1000 mm, and the aspect ratio is greater than 1; the surface layer or the bottom layer adopts a thermal expansion coefficient greater than 50p.pmK -1 The polymer film material includes low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon and polypropylene, and the bottom layer or the surface layer adopts a thermal expansion coefficient of less than 50 ppmK -1 Materials, including copper, silver metal materials and polyimide film materials, carbon nanotubes, graphene carbon materials and MXene materials; The multi-layer structure of the flexible actuator film is to add an adhesive layer or a functional auxiliary agent layer in the middle or on both outer sides of the surface layer and the bottom layer; The adhesive layer is an adhesive material, and the functional additive layer includes one or more of low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, copper, silver, polyimide, graphene, carbon nanotubes, luminescent materials and color-changing materials.

2. A temperature-adaptive thermoregulating garment, characterized in that: The temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric made of the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber is used as the surface layer and the inner layer of the clothing fabric to make the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating clothing; the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fabric is woven by the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber through a weaving process or a knitting process; the knitting process includes weaving the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber as the lining yarn into the lining structure, and weaving the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber as the weft yarn into the weft structure; the weaving process is to weave the temperature-adaptive temperature-regulating fiber as the warp yarn or the weft yarn into the fabric structure to form the warp float length or the weft float length; The method for preparing the temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber comprises the following steps: Step S1: using two materials with different thermal expansion coefficients as the surface layer material and the bottom layer material to make a thin film, wherein the surface layer and the bottom layer are combined by coating, spraying or bonding to form a flexible actuator thin film with a double-layer structure or a multi-layer structure; Step S2: Cutting or splitting the flexible actuator film into a temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber; The flexible actuator film area is greater than 1 cm 2 , thickness is 10~5000μm; the width of the temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber is 1~500 mm, the length is 5~1000 mm, and the aspect ratio is greater than 1; the surface layer or the bottom layer adopts a thermal expansion coefficient greater than 50p.pmK -1 The polymer film material includes low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon and polypropylene, and the bottom layer or the surface layer adopts a thermal expansion coefficient of less than 50 ppmK -1 Materials, including copper, silver metal materials and polyimide film materials, carbon nanotubes, graphene carbon materials and MXene materials; The multi-layer structure of the flexible actuator film is to add an adhesive layer or a functional auxiliary agent layer in the middle or on both outer sides of the surface layer and the bottom layer; The adhesive layer is an adhesive material, and the functional additive layer includes one or more of low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, copper, silver, polyimide, graphene, carbon nanotubes, luminescent materials and color-changing materials.

3. A temperature-adaptive thermoregulating garment, characterized in that: The temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber is used as a filler for warmth preservation and combined with ordinary fabric to make a temperature-adaptive thermoregulating garment. The preparation method of the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating garment comprises the following steps: Step 1: preparing temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber; Step 2: Use ordinary fabric as the surface layer and the lining layer to cut and sew into shape; Step 3: Filling the temperature-adaptive thermoregulating fiber between the surface layer and the inner layer as a filler for warmth preservation; Step 4: Quilt or sew the surface layer and the inner layer to separate the surface layer and the inner layer into several closed spaces for accommodating fillers; The size of the enclosed space between the surface layer and the inner layer for accommodating the filler is greater than the length of the temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber; In step 1, the specific method for preparing the temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber comprises the following steps: Step S1: using two materials with different thermal expansion coefficients as the surface layer material and the bottom layer material to make a thin film, wherein the surface layer and the bottom layer are combined by coating, spraying or bonding to form a flexible actuator thin film with a double-layer structure or a multi-layer structure; Step S2: Cutting or splitting the flexible actuator film into a temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber; The flexible actuator film area is greater than 1 cm 2 , thickness is 10~5000μm; the width of the temperature-adaptive thermostatic fiber is 1~500 mm, the length is 5~1000 mm, and the aspect ratio is greater than 1; the surface layer or the bottom layer adopts a thermal expansion coefficient greater than 50p.pmK -1 The polymer film material includes low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon and polypropylene, and the bottom layer or the surface layer adopts a thermal expansion coefficient of less than 50 ppmK -1 Materials, including copper, silver metal materials and polyimide film materials, carbon nanotubes, graphene carbon materials and MXene materials; The multi-layer structure of the flexible actuator film is to add an adhesive layer or a functional auxiliary agent layer in the middle or on both outer sides of the surface layer and the bottom layer; The adhesive layer is an adhesive material, and the functional additive layer includes one or more of low-density polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, copper, silver, polyimide, graphene, carbon nanotubes, luminescent materials and color-changing materials.

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