Quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of airtight walls, and discloses a quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines, which includes a construction part and an airtight wall. The construction part is a section of a roadway, and a limiting groove is circumferentially arranged on the construction part. The airtight wall includes prefabricated edge members and main body units. The edge members are arranged in the limiting groove, and the edge members surround the main body units. The main body units include a number of airtight members, and each airtight member includes an upper rectangular block and a lower rectangular block with the same size, so as to quickly build an airtight wall with sufficient strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of airtight walls, and particularly to a quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines. Background Art

[0002] According to the Coal Mine Fire Prevention and Extinguishment Rules, it is necessary to quickly and permanently seal the goaf within a specified time to achieve the effects of wind blocking, water isolation, and fire prevention, prevent explosion shock. The faster the construction speed, the earlier the fire prevention effect is achieved, and the safer the construction personnel are. With the continuous expansion of the mine exploitation scale, there are a large number of underground airtight walls. During the mining process, airtight walls in the connecting laneways need to be built. After mining, airtight walls in all laneways need to be built to permanently seal the goaf of the working face. Each working face needs to build about a dozen airtight walls every year. It is becoming increasingly important to quickly build airtight walls with sufficient strength; and once the airtight wall is built, it will be used for decades, so the strength of the airtight wall is also very important.

[0003] In the prior art, airtight walls are mainly constructed with bricks or concrete. The construction speed of bricks is slow. It is necessary to first transport the bricks and cement to the construction location, and then build the bricks into an airtight wall one by one. It takes at least one week to build a wall; pouring concrete also requires steps such as formwork erection, formwork reinforcement, concrete mixing, and curing, and the construction time is also long. And for special cases where some parts of the airtight wall need to be demolished, cracks will occur in the concrete airtight wall, and it can only be demolished as a whole. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines to quickly build an airtight wall with sufficient strength.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines includes a construction part and an airtight wall. The construction part is a section of the roadway. A limiting groove is circumferentially arranged on the construction part. The airtight wall includes prefabricated edge members and main body units. The edge members are arranged in the limiting groove, and the edge members surround the main body units. The main body units include a number of airtight members. Each airtight member includes an upper rectangular block and a lower rectangular block with the same size. A connecting part is provided between the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block. The upper rectangular block protrudes from the upper surface and one side surface relative to the connecting part, and the lower rectangular block protrudes from the lower surface and the other side surface relative to the connecting part.

[0006] In the prior art, when building a brick airtight wall, to enhance the overall structural stability of the airtight wall, various masonry methods are usually adopted, such as the one-frog-one-headers method, the multi-frog-one-headers method, or the cross method, to stagger the brick joints and make the structure more stable. However, these masonry methods require construction workers to have sufficient experience to quickly and proficiently complete the masonry.

[0007] To simplify the masonry process and speed up the masonry speed, the inventor designed the sealed component into two stagger-connected parts, namely the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block. The staggered part forms a dislocation step. The dislocation steps of adjacent two sealed components are joined together, which can not only transfer the vertical pressure but also transfer the horizontal impact force. Although the mortise and tenon structure can also transfer the horizontal and vertical forces, at least protrusions and grooves need to be set in four directions of the sealed component, which is too different from the shape of the brick, and the construction workers are not used to grasping it. However, in the present solution, only one side of the upper rectangular block or the lower rectangular block is connected to the connecting part, and the other five sides are flat, which is convenient for the construction workers to grasp.

[0008] However, during the actual construction process, the inventor found that there are gaps between the dislocation steps, and mortar needs to be applied to make them closely combined. The thickness of the mortar causes the upper sealed component to shift towards the side close to the lower rectangular block. Layer by layer upwards, the shifted dimensions accumulate, and finally the constructed sealed wall is in an inclined state. In the prior art, the horizontal position of the brick is not restricted by the dislocation step, so the shift can be adjusted at any time, and the above problems do not exist.

[0009] To make up for this error, the inventor provided a connecting part between the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block, so that there is a gap between the upper rectangular block of the lower sealed component and the lower rectangular block of the upper sealed component, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the shift caused by the mortar thickness at the dislocation step.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present solution are as follows:

[0011] 1. According to the on-site needs, the edge components and the main body units are designed and customized in advance. The components are transported to the site for forklift loading or hoisting, and safety and rapid assembly construction are carried out to construct the sealed wall, improving the construction efficiency.

[0012] 2. The part between the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block forms a dislocation step, which can not only transfer the vertical pressure but also transfer the horizontal impact force. There is no need to learn complex masonry methods, the technical requirements for workers are low, and the construction efficiency is higher.

[0013] 3. The five surfaces of the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block that are not connected to the connecting part are flat, which is convenient for grasping. Compared with setting protrusions and grooves in four directions of the sealed component, the construction efficiency is higher.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the edge component includes four limiting strips. One side of the four limiting strips is in a stepped shape that matches the shape of the sealed component, and the other side of the four limiting strips is a plane. With such a setting, multiple sealed components located at the edge of the main body unit are connected to one limiting strip at the same time, thereby improving the integrity of the structure, and further enhancing the bearing capacity and durability; if the dislocation step of the sealed component directly contacts the limiting groove, gaps will be generated and it cannot be compacted, while the limiting strip can be closely combined with the sealed component and the limiting groove at the same time.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, a filling bag is provided between the limiting strip and the limiting groove, and the filling bag is filled with foamed cement. With this arrangement, to enhance the stability of the structure, the airtight wall is arranged in the limiting groove in this solution. However, for the edge part at the end of the construction of the airtight wall, the airtight component cannot fill the limiting groove through the gap between the already constructed part and the limiting groove. The filling bag can pass through this gap, and then the foamed cement is poured into the filling bag. After the foamed cement expands, it can fill the limiting groove and then tightly press against the structure of the entire airtight wall in the reverse direction.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, there are two airtight walls, and a filling unit is provided between the two airtight walls. The filling unit includes a number of prefabricated filling components, and the filling components are rectangular. With this arrangement, the two airtight walls provide constraints for the filling unit, enhancing the stability of the overall structure. Compared with using only airtight walls, using cheaper filling components in the middle is more conducive to cost control under the same sealed volume. After the construction is completed, since both the filling components and the airtight components are stacked layer by layer, for the airtight wall close to the goaf side, if it is damaged by impacts such as explosions in the goaf, the impacted part can transfer the horizontal force to the corresponding position of the airtight wall on the side far from the goaf through the filling components, thereby reminding people outside to reinforce this part. If loess is used to replace the airtight wall, the impact in the goaf is diffused to the entire airtight wall far from the goaf. By the time people outside find that the front airtight wall can no longer withstand the impact and then carry out reinforcement, it is already too late.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, a pipeline unit is further included. The pipeline unit horizontally penetrates the airtight wall and the filling unit. The pipeline unit successively includes a measure pipe, an observation pipe, and a waterproof pipe from top to bottom. The end of the waterproof pipe far from the goaf is a downward-bent U-shaped part. With this arrangement, during a fire in the goaf, cement or mortar is poured into the measure pipe through the measure pipe to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire; air is pumped out from the observation pipe to detect the gas composition and temperature, thereby observing the situation in the goaf and preventing and controlling it early. When the water level in the goaf rises due to water seepage, the accumulated water can flow out from the waterproof pipe. When the water level drops, a part of the water still remains in the U-shaped part, realizing the sealing of the waterproof pipe, thereby preventing the gas in the goaf from flowing out through the waterproof pipe and improving the airtightness of the airtight wall.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, the measure pipe, the observation pipe, and the waterproof pipe are all located in the middle of the airtight wall. The measure pipe, the observation pipe, and the waterproof pipe all penetrate through the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block, and the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block both belong to different airtight components. With this arrangement, the different airtight components are strung together as a whole through the measure pipe, the observation pipe, and the waterproof pipe, thereby improving the integrity of the structure and further enhancing the strength of the structure.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the sealing members are arranged in a matrix. Between two rows of sealing members, a strip-shaped sealing cavity is formed by enclosing the upper rectangular block, the lower rectangular block and the connecting part. Steel bars are arranged in the sealing cavity. With such an arrangement, a row of sealing members are connected into a whole through the steel bars, thereby improving the integrity of the structure and further enhancing the strength of the structure.

[0020] Preferably, as an improvement, the main body unit includes a first main body unit and a second main body unit. Both the first main body unit and the second main body unit are divided into four rectangular areas with equal areas. The coincidence point of the four rectangular areas is the center point. The distance between the lower rectangular block of the sealing member in the rectangular area and the center point is less than the distance between the upper rectangular block and the center point, so that a cross-shaped groove is formed in the part between the four rectangular areas. The cross-shaped grooves of the first main body unit and the second main body unit are combined into a cross channel, and reinforced concrete is arranged in the cross channel. With such an arrangement, the following advantages are obtained:

[0021] 1. The sealed wall mainly relies on the limiting groove and the dislocation step to resist the horizontal impact force. The farther away from the limiting groove, the weaker the ability to resist the horizontal impact force. In this scheme, the center point and the limiting groove are connected through the reinforced concrete in the cross channel, improving the ability of the sealed wall to resist the horizontal impact force.

[0022] 2. The structure of the sealed wall is mainly based on the limiting strip forming a frame structure in the limiting groove, and then the sealing members are filled in the frame structure. However, the size of the frame structure is related to the size of the roadway section. The larger the frame size, the smaller the binding force of the frame on the sealing members at the central position. In this scheme, the frame structure is divided into four small frames through the reinforced concrete in the cross channel, reducing the size of each frame and enhancing the binding force of the frame structure on the sealing members at the central position. In the conventional technical means, to ensure the structural stability, usually the frame structure is constructed first and then the sealing members are masoned. However, this scheme does the opposite. During the process of masoning the sealing members, the cross channel is reserved, saving the formwork reinforcement time of the reinforced concrete and directly using the cross channel as a mold for pouring, improving the work efficiency.

[0023] 3. During the hardening process of the reinforced concrete, it expands due to heat, squeezing the sealing members in the four rectangular areas respectively, making the structure of the sealed wall more dense. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is the front view of Embodiment 1;

[0025] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the sectional view A-A of the middle section (the hatching is omitted);

[0026] Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional axonometric drawing of the sealing member of Embodiment 1;

[0027] Figure 4 Front view of Embodiment 2;

[0028] Figure 5 Front view of Embodiment 4;

[0029] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the middle section B - B (hatching omitted). Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The following is a further detailed description through specific implementation manners:

[0031] Reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: construction part 1, limiting strip 210, filling bag 220, sealing member 230, upper rectangular block 231, lower rectangular block 232, connecting part 233, offset step 234, sealing cavity 235, first main body unit 240, second main body unit 250, cross channel 260, horizontal steel bar 261, vertical steel bar 262, pipeline unit 3, measure pipe 310, observation pipe 320, waterproof pipe 330, U-shaped part 331, filling member 4.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Embodiment 1 is basically as Figure 1 shown: A quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines includes a construction part 1, a pipeline unit 3 and two airtight walls, and a filling unit is provided between the two airtight walls.

[0034] The left side of the roadway is a goaf, that is, the object to be airtight, and the right side of the roadway leads to the ground. The construction part 1 is a section of the roadway. Two limiting grooves are circumferentially opened on the construction part 1. Both airtight walls include prefabricated edge members and main body units.

[0035] The main body unit includes a number of sealing members 230, and the sealing members 230 are arranged in a matrix, as Figure 3 shown. Each sealing member 230 includes an upper rectangular block 231 and a lower rectangular block 232 with the same size. A connecting part 233 is provided between the upper rectangular block 231 and the lower rectangular block 232. The upper rectangular block 231, the lower rectangular block 232 and the connecting part 233 are integrally formed. Between two rows of sealing members 230, the upper rectangular block 231, the lower rectangular block 232 and the connecting part 233 enclose a long strip-shaped sealing cavity 235. In this embodiment, the size of the upper rectangular block 231 is 500×500×400 mm, the size of the connecting part 233 is 450×100 mm. The upper rectangular block 231 protrudes relative to the upper surface and one side surface of the connecting part 233, and the lower rectangular block 232 protrudes relative to the lower surface and the other side surface of the connecting part 233. An offset step 234 is formed between the upper rectangular block 231 and the connecting part 233, and between the lower rectangular block 232 and the connecting part 233. The height of the offset step 234 is 50 mm. For the convenience of display, Figure 3The perspective structure of the connecting part 233 is shown by a dotted line. The total thickness of a closed member 230 is 900 mm, which is equal to the thickness of the closed wall. The filling unit includes a filling member 4, and the filling member 4 is rectangular.

[0036] The edge member includes four limiting bars 210, and the four limiting bars 210 are all fixed in the limiting grooves. As Figure 2 shown, the four limiting bars 210 are respectively located in the four directions of up, down, left and right of the main unit. The four limiting bars 210 surround the main unit in the middle. One side of the four limiting bars 210 is a stepped shape matching the shape of the closed member 230, and the other side is a plane. For the convenience of transportation, the limiting bars 210 can be divided into multiple sections according to the roadway size; there are filling bags 220 between the limiting bars 210 on the right and above and the limiting grooves, and the filling belts are filled with foamed cement.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, the pipeline unit 3 horizontally passes through the closed wall and the filling unit. Prefabricated holes are opened on both the closed member 230 and the filling member 4 through which the pipeline unit 3 passes. The pipeline unit 3 successively includes a measure pipe 310, an observation pipe 320 and a waterproof pipe 330 from top to bottom. Valves are provided on both the measure pipe 310 and the observation pipe 320. In this embodiment, the roadway height is H, and the distance between the measure pipe 310 and the roadway top is 300 mm. On the premise that the equipment for transporting concrete or mortar can be connected to the measure pipe 310, the height of the measure pipe 310 is raised as much as possible to facilitate the transportation of enough concrete or mortar for fire extinguishing; the distance between the observation pipe 320 and the roadway top is H / 3. Usually, the roadway height H is 4 meters, and H / 3 is higher than the height of most people. It is not easy for the observer's head to touch the observation pipe 320, and the observation pipe 320 is not easily blocked by sundries due to its high position; the distance between the waterproof pipe 330 and the roadway bottom is 300 mm, and the end far from the goaf is a downward-bent U-shaped part 331. When the water level in the goaf rises due to water seepage, the water can flow out from the waterproof pipe 330 to prevent the accumulated water from eroding the closed wall and the filling unit. When the water level drops, a part of the water still remains in the U-shaped part 331 to realize the sealing of the waterproof pipe 330, thereby preventing the gas in the goaf from flowing out from the waterproof pipe 330, and further improving the airtightness of the closed wall.

[0038] In this embodiment, the fixing methods of the closed member 230, the filling member 4 and the edge member are all fixed by a quick adhesive. The quick adhesive can be mortar or other adhesives. The closed member 230, the filling member 4 and the edge member are all prefabricated. Among them, the closed member 230 is made of reinforced concrete, and the filling member 4 is made of foamed cement or polymer material.

[0039] The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0040] 1. Use a slotting machine to open a limit slot on the side of the construction part 1 close to the goaf, and build a closed wall close to the goaf. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the limiting strips 210 on the left and lower sides are fixed in the limiting grooves, the enclosed components 230 are built in sequence from left to right and from bottom to top in a stepped manner, the enclosed components 230 with prefabricated holes are built at the designed position, the limiting strips 210 on the right and upper sides are fixed to the enclosed components 230 at the edge, a filling bag 220 is placed between the limiting strips 210 on the right and upper sides and the limiting grooves, and the filling belt is filled with foamed cement, and the foamed cement is waited for to solidify.

[0041] 2. Lay the filling unit, lay the filling components 4 in a step-by-step manner from left to right, from bottom to top, and from the side close to the goaf to the side far from the goaf, and lay the filling components 4 with prefabricated holes at the designed position.

[0042] 3. Similar to the first step, build a closed wall away from the goaf.

[0043] 4. Pass the measure pipe 310, the observation pipe 320 and the waterproof pipe 330 through the prefabricated hole, and pour mortar into the gaps between the measure pipe 310, the observation pipe 320 and the waterproof pipe 330 and the prefabricated hole.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the size of the connecting portion 233 is 300×100 mm, and the height of the offset step 234 is 200 mm. Figure 4 As shown, in a closed wall, there are two closed components 230 through which a pipe passes, namely, an upper rectangular block 231 of one closed component 230 and a lower rectangular block 232 of another closed component 230 .

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Embodiment 3 is based on Embodiment 1: a full-length steel bar is provided in the sealing cavity 235 .

[0048] Example 4

[0049] The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that the middle part of the four limit strips 210 close to the sealing member 230 is pre-embedded with a steel bar head. Figure 5 As shown, the main body unit further includes a first main body unit 240 and a second main body unit 250. Figure 6As shown, for the convenience of display, the pipeline unit 3 is omitted in the figure. The first main unit 240 and the second main unit 250 are each divided into four rectangular areas with equal areas. The coincidence point of the four rectangular areas is the center point. The distance between the lower rectangular block 232 of the sealing member 230 in the rectangular area and the center point is less than the distance between the upper rectangular block 231 and the center point, so that a cross-shaped groove is formed in the part between the four rectangular areas. The cross-shaped grooves of the first main unit 240 and the second main unit 250 are assembled into a cross channel 260. Among them, as Figure 5 shown, the first main unit 240 is arranged on the side far from the goaf. The upper rectangular block 231 of the sealing member 230 in the first main unit 240 is on the right side of the lower rectangular block 232. In order to make the limiting strip 210 match the shape of the sealing member 230, the right end steps of the limiting strips 210 on the upper and lower sides of the first main unit 240 are higher (that is, the right end steps protrude relative to the left side steps), so that the horizontal impact force from the left goaf to the right can be better blocked. Specifically, taking the sealing member 230 located in the lower part of the first main unit 240 as an example, the horizontal impact force is transmitted to the upper rectangular block 231 of the sealing member 230 in the lower row through the lower rectangular block 232 of the sealing member 230 in the upper row, and finally transmitted to the right end step of the limiting strip 210. Then, the inner wall of the limiting groove provides a supporting force for the limiting strip 210. Since the limiting groove is arranged at the bottom of the roadway and is part of the roadway, the limiting groove is the position with the highest stability and strength in this scheme, thus maximizing the strength of this scheme. As Figure 6 shown, there is reinforced concrete in the cross channel 260 of the first main unit 240. The steel bars in the reinforced concrete include horizontal steel bars and vertical steel bars 262. The middle parts of the horizontal steel bars and the vertical steel bars 262 are tied, and the ends of the horizontal steel bars and the vertical steel bars 262 are respectively tied to the steel bar heads on the four limiting strips 210.

[0050] The specific implementation steps are based on Example 3:

[0051] In step 2, it also includes: as Figure 6 shown, three vertical steel bars 262 are arranged at the designed position of the cross channel 260. The upper and lower ends of the vertical steel bars 262 are respectively tied to the steel bar heads on the upper and lower limiting strips 210. The construction of the first main unit 240 and the second main unit 250 is carried out to half of the height, and the lower half of the cross channel 260 is formed. Three horizontal steel bars 261 are placed in the cross channel 260. The left and right ends of the horizontal steel bars 261 are respectively tied to the steel bar heads on the left and right limiting strips 210. The middle parts of the horizontal steel bars 261 and the vertical steel bars 262 are tied. Concrete is filled into the lower half of the cross channel 260, and the construction of the first main unit 240 and the second main unit 250 is continued. A grouting port is reserved, the remaining part of the cross channel 260 is poured with concrete, and the grouting port is sealed with mortar.

[0052] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and common general technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like recorded in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines, characterized in that: It includes a construction section and an airtight wall. The construction section is one section of the roadway. There are limiting grooves circumferentially arranged on the construction section. The airtight wall includes prefabricated edge members and a main body unit. The edge members are arranged in the limiting grooves, and the edge members surround the main body unit. The main body unit includes several airtight members. Each airtight member includes an upper rectangular block and a lower rectangular block with the same size. There is a connecting part between the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block. The upper rectangular block protrudes from the upper surface and one side surface relative to the connecting part, and the lower rectangular block protrudes from the lower surface and the other side surface relative to the connecting part. The edge members include four limiting bars. One side of each of the four limiting bars is a stepped shape matching the shape of the airtight member, and the other side of each of the four limiting bars is a flat surface. It also includes a pipeline unit. The pipeline unit horizontally penetrates the airtight wall and the filling unit. The pipeline unit successively includes a measure pipe, an observation pipe, and a waterproof pipe from top to bottom. The end of the waterproof pipe away from the goaf is a downward-bent U-shaped part. The measure pipe, the observation pipe, and the waterproof pipe are all located in the middle of the airtight wall. The measure pipe, the observation pipe, and the waterproof pipe all penetrate through the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block, and the upper rectangular block and the lower rectangular block belong to different airtight members. The airtight members are arranged in a matrix. Between two rows of airtight members, the upper rectangular block, the lower rectangular block, and the connecting part enclose a strip-shaped sealing cavity, and there are steel bars in the sealing cavity.

2. The quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: There is a filling bag between the limiting bars and the limiting grooves, and the filling bag is filled with foamed cement.

3. The quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines according to claim 2, wherein: There are two airtight walls, and there is a filling unit between the two airtight walls. The filling unit includes several prefabricated filling members, and the filling members are rectangular.

4. The quickly assembled and removable airtight wall for underground coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: The main body unit includes a first main body unit and a second main body unit. Both the first main body unit and the second main body unit are divided into four rectangular areas with equal areas. The coincidence point of the four rectangular areas is the center point. The distance between the lower rectangular block of the airtight member in the rectangular area and the center point is less than the distance between the upper rectangular block and the center point, so that the part between the four rectangular areas forms a cross-shaped groove. The cross-shaped grooves of the first main body unit and the second main body unit are combined into a cross channel, and there is reinforced concrete in the cross channel.

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