A passive variable damping and stiffness device

Abstract

A passive variable damping and variable stiffness device belongs to the technical field of dampers, and includes a damper body and a limit device. The damper body is provided with a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to a first mounting seat, and a stepped limit mechanism is provided in the limit device, and the piston rod is connected to the stepped limit mechanism; the stepped limit mechanism provides stepped limit after the piston rod reaches a certain damping stroke, increases the additional damping force of the piston rod during the step-by-step limit process, and provides rigid limit for the piston rod after the piston rod further displaces to a certain stroke, wherein the additional damping force is increased in steps, and the rigid limit limits the maximum stroke of the piston rod. By limiting the maximum stroke of the piston rod, damage to the damper body caused by excessive displacement of the piston rod is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dampers, and in particular relates to a passive variable damping and variable stiffness device. Background Art

[0002] The search for efficient, energy-saving, and practical passive control measures is currently a key focus in passive control research. Since their introduction into multi-structure engineering in the 1980s, viscous dampers, a type of passive control, have experienced rapid development and are now an effective means of suppressing the vibration response of structures under loads such as wind and earthquakes. Compared to semi-active variable damping controllers, viscous damping controllers have a fixed exponential relationship between the damping force and velocity. Because the damping force provided lacks feedback on the state of motion, it has poor adaptability to external excitations of varying frequency components, cannot maintain optimal energy dissipation in real time, and has low control efficiency. Consequently, research efforts are focused on further optimizing and improving these energy dissipation devices, designing simpler, more practical dampers with superior mechanical properties to better meet the needs of practical engineering.

[0003] Yan Weiming et al. designed a displacement-dependent variable-gap viscous damper. By continuously or step-by-step varying the cylinder diameter, the damping gap varies with displacement, achieving continuous or step-by-step variation in the damping coefficient. The damping coefficient of this gap viscous damper can change with displacement, resulting in superior control performance compared to a viscous damper. Liang Shahe et al. also employed this method of varying the damping coefficient by changing the damping orifice size to design a variable-damping viscous damper. By providing a variable-diameter damping rod, the piston has different damping orifice sizes at different displacements, thus forming a displacement-dependent variable damping device. However, this type of displacement-dependent variable damping device cannot fully function when subjected to high external excitation frequencies.

[0004] Huang Zhen et al. designed a regulating valve-type viscous damper. This damper features a regulating valve whose opening size is dependent on the excitation velocity. When the excitation velocity is low, the damping orifice is small and the damping coefficient is large. As the excitation velocity increases, the damping orifice increases accordingly. This damper can adjust the maximum output of the damper under high external excitation, thus avoiding adverse effects on the damper, support, and structural joints.

[0005] Fu Weiqing and others designed a new velocity-dependent passive variable damping device. The device consists of a cylinder, piston, external piping, and control valves, with the control valves arranged antisymmetrically on either side of the damping cylinder. This energy dissipation device requires no external energy supply and adjusts its damping coefficient by dynamically varying the orifice area. As the excitation velocity increases, the orifice area decreases, increasing the device's damping coefficient and thus providing a variable damping force output. However, this type of velocity-dependent damper is unable to suppress the displacement response caused by low-speed loads.

[0006] The commonality among these devices is that while they meet the requirements for dynamic energy dissipation, they fail to address the technical requirements for suppressing displacement responses caused by low-speed loads, as well as the excessive displacement responses that may occur in engineering structures under rare earthquakes and wind loads. Without a limiter protection device, encountering these situations will lead to damper failure. To address this, a passive variable damping device with a limiter function has been designed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention discloses a passive variable damping and variable stiffness device. This device maintains the variable damping device's ability to change its energy dissipation capacity with speed changes while increasing its limiting capacity with displacement changes. This solves the technical problems of suppressing the displacement response caused by low-speed loads and the excessive displacement response that may be generated under rare earthquakes and wind loads, thereby expanding the application range of the variable damping device.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0009] A passive variable damping and variable stiffness device comprises a damper body and a limit device, wherein the damper body is provided with a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to a first mounting seat, a stepped limit mechanism is provided in the limit device, and the piston rod is connected to the stepped limit mechanism; the stepped limit mechanism provides stepped limit after the piston rod reaches a certain damping stroke, increases the additional damping force of the piston rod during the step-by-step limit process, and provides rigid limit for the piston rod after the piston rod further displaces to a certain stroke, wherein the additional damping force increases in steps, and the rigid limit limits the maximum stroke of the piston rod, thereby avoiding damage to the damper body caused by excessive displacement of the piston rod by limiting the maximum stroke of the piston rod.

[0010] Preferably, the stepped limiting mechanism is connected to the end of the piston rod away from the first mounting seat via one end of a push rod coaxial with the piston rod, and the end of the limiting device away from the piston rod is provided with a second mounting seat.

[0011] Preferably, the damper body is provided with a variable damping mechanism, and the variable damping mechanism is connected to the viscous fluid damping material in the cylinder of the damper body.

[0012] Preferably, the cylinder includes a barrel and cylinder heads fixedly connected to both ends of the barrel, the two ends of the piston rod pass through the two cylinder heads and are sealed and slidably connected to the cylinder heads, the middle part of the piston rod is provided with a first expanded diameter section, the first expanded diameter section is accommodated in the cylinder, the outer surface of the first expanded diameter section is sealed and slidably connected to the inner surface of the barrel, and constitutes the piston body.

[0013] Preferably, the variable damping mechanism includes a control valve. When the piston body has no damping hole, the two ends of the control valve are respectively connected to the viscous fluid damping material in the cylinder on both sides of the piston body through connecting pipes; when the piston body has a damping hole, the control valve is arranged in the damping hole.

[0014] Preferably, there are two connecting pipes, and the two connecting pipes are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the limit device includes a buffer cylinder, the two ends of the push rod pass through the two end sealing plates of the buffer cylinder and are sealed and slidably connected to the two end sealing plates of the buffer cylinder, the stepped limit mechanism includes a disc spring group arranged in the buffer cylinder and located at the outer periphery of the push rod, the disc spring group includes several groups of disc spring groups with different inner hole diameters, the disc spring group is composed of several disc springs in series, and the inner hole edges of adjacent disc springs are fixedly connected, wherein the first group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the push rod, the second group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the first group of disc spring groups, the third group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the second group of disc spring groups, and so on to form a disc spring group, in the disc spring group, with the push rod as the standard, the length of the disc spring groups decreases from the inside to the outside, and there are two disc spring groups, the two disc spring groups are symmetrically arranged, and the end of each disc spring group in the two disc spring groups away from the end sealing plate of the buffer cylinder is connected to the push rod.

[0016] Preferably, the disc spring group includes two groups of disc spring groups, a second expanded diameter section is provided in the middle of the push rod, and a third expanded diameter section is provided in the middle of the second expanded diameter section, the push rod, the second expanded diameter section and the third expanded diameter section are integrally formed, and the outer surface of the third expanded diameter section is clearance-matched with the inner surface of the buffer tube, the first disc spring group is sleeved on the push rod and the end of the first disc spring group away from the corresponding end sealing plate is extruded and connected to the end of the second expanded diameter section, the outer surface of the second expanded diameter section is provided with an external thread, and the end of the second disc spring group away from the end sealing plate of the buffer tube is coaxially fixedly connected with an annular fixing seat, the annular fixing seat is threaded with the second expanded diameter section, the inner hole of the first disc spring group is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the push rod, the inner hole of the second disc spring group is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the first disc spring group, and the two disc spring groups are used in conjunction with the corresponding end sealing plates respectively.

[0017] Preferably, a first outer flange is provided on the cylinder head at both ends of the barrel, and several groups of first threaded holes are provided on the two first outer flanges. Screws are passed through and threadedly connected between the opposite first threaded holes, and the outer ends of the screws are locked with the corresponding first outer flanges by nuts.

[0018] Preferably, second outer flanges are integrally formed at both ends of the outer surface of the buffer cylinder, and the second outer flanges are fixedly connected to the corresponding end sealing plates through a bolt and nut assembly.

[0019] Preferably, a fixing rod is fixedly connected between the end sealing plate facing the damper body and the opposite surface of the adjacent cylinder head, a first internal threaded hole is provided at one end of the piston rod facing the limiting device, and the end of the push rod facing the damper body is screwed to the first internal threaded hole.

[0020] Preferably, the first mounting seat includes a first mounting plate and a connecting rod integrally formed at one end of the first mounting plate, the end of the piston rod away from the limiting device is provided with a second internal threaded hole, the end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the second internal threaded hole, the second mounting seat includes an extension tube and a second mounting plate fixedly connected to one end of the extension tube, the end of the extension tube away from the second mounting plate is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer surface of the end sealing plate away from the damper body, the middle part of the second mounting plate is provided with a through hole for the push rod to pass through, and a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the passive variable damping and variable stiffness device of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention is provided with a variable damping mechanism, which can adjust the flow of the control valve according to the speed of the external excitation and thus adjust the damping coefficient of the damper body. At the same time, on the basis of the speed-related variable damping energy dissipation device, the present invention adds a limit device with a stepped limit mechanism. On the one hand, it has a better energy dissipation capacity than the passive variable damping device and can achieve a multi-stage incremental energy dissipation effect. On the other hand, the increased limiting capacity ensures that the damper has normal working ability when the structure reacts with excessive displacement under rare external loads and static loads, thereby avoiding structural damage caused by failure of the damper due to excessive displacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 , a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 , a schematic diagram of the compressed state of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 , a schematic diagram of the stretched state of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 , a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] 1-piston rod; 2-cylinder head; 3-cylinder body; 4-control valve; 5-connecting pipe; 6-first mounting seat; 7-first outer flange; 8-screw; 9-fixing rod; 10-lift rod; 11-first disc spring group; 12-second disc spring group; 13-buffer cylinder; 14-annular fixing seat; 15-second mounting seat; 16. piston body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A passive variable damping and variable stiffness device, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes a damper body and a limiting device, the damper body is provided with a piston rod 1, one end of the piston rod 1 is fixedly connected to a first mounting seat 6, a stepped limiting mechanism is provided in the limiting device, and the piston rod is connected to the stepped limiting mechanism.

[0031] The present invention provides a stepped limit mechanism after the piston rod reaches a certain damping stroke. The stepped limit mechanism not only increases the additional damping force of the piston rod, but also provides a rigid limit to the piston rod after the piston rod further moves to a certain stroke. The additional damping force increases in a stepwise manner, and the rigid limit defines the maximum stroke of the piston rod. By limiting the maximum stroke of the piston rod, damage to the damper body caused by excessive displacement of the piston rod, such as damage to the piston rod or deformation of the cylinder head, is avoided. Whether it is an excessive displacement response caused by low-speed loads or an excessive displacement response that may be generated by engineering structures under rare earthquakes and wind loads, the present invention can provide reliable protection for the damper body through the stepped limit mechanism, avoiding failure of the damper body during use.

[0032] It should be noted that this embodiment includes not only the specific solutions of the following embodiments, but also an alternative solution of setting a stepped limiting mechanism at both ends of the piston rod in the cylinder, that is, setting a disc spring group at each end of the piston rod in the cylinder. This can reduce the overall length of the present invention while achieving the same technical effect.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] Based on Example 1, this embodiment further discloses:

[0035] like Figure 1-4As shown, the stepped limiting mechanism is connected to the end of the piston rod 1 away from the first mounting seat through one end of a push rod 10 coaxial with the piston rod 1, and the end of the limiting device away from the piston rod 1 is provided with a second mounting seat 15.

[0036] like Figure 1 、 4 As shown, the damper body is provided with a variable damping mechanism, and the variable damping mechanism is connected to the viscous fluid damping material in the cylinder 3 of the damper body.

[0037] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cylinder includes a barrel 3 and cylinder heads 2 fixedly connected to the two ends of the barrel 3. The two ends of the piston rod 1 pass through the two cylinder heads 2 and are sealed and slidably connected to the cylinder heads 2. The middle part of the piston rod 1 is provided with a first expanded diameter section (not marked in the figure). The first expanded diameter section is accommodated in the cylinder, and the outer surface of the first expanded diameter section is sealed and slidably connected to the inner surface of the barrel 3, and constitutes the piston body.

[0038] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, the variable damping mechanism includes a control valve 4. When the piston body has no damping hole, the two ends of the control valve 4 are connected to the viscous fluid damping material in the cylinder on both sides of the piston body through connecting pipes 5; when the piston body has a damping hole, the control valve 4 is arranged in the damping hole.

[0039] Further, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, there are two connecting pipes 5, and the two connecting pipes 5 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the cylinder.

[0040] In this embodiment, the damper body is equipped with a variable damping mechanism. During operation, as the piston rod 1 reciprocates relative to the cylinder 3, viscous fluid damping material flows from the high-pressure chamber to the low-pressure chamber via the connecting pipe 5 and the control valve 4. As the viscous fluid damping material flows through the control valve 4, the damping coefficient of the damper body is adjusted by dynamically changing the orifice area of ​​the control valve 4. As the external excitation velocity increases, the orifice area decreases, and the device's damping coefficient increases accordingly.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Based on Examples 1 and 2, this embodiment further discloses:

[0043] like Figure 1-4As shown, the limit device includes a buffer cylinder 13, and the two ends of the push rod 10 pass through the two end sealing plates of the buffer cylinder 13 and are sealed and slidably connected with the two end sealing plates of the buffer cylinder. The stepped limit mechanism includes a disc spring group arranged in the buffer cylinder 13 and located on the outer periphery of the push rod 10. The disc spring group includes several groups of disc spring groups with different inner hole diameters. The disc spring group is composed of several disc springs in series, and the inner hole edges of adjacent disc springs are fixedly connected, wherein the first group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the push rod, the second group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the first group of disc spring groups, and the third group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the second group of disc spring groups, and so on to form a disc spring group. In the disc spring group, with the push rod as the standard, the length of the disc spring group decreases from the inside to the outside. There are two disc spring groups, and the two disc spring groups are symmetrically arranged. The end of each disc spring group in the two disc spring groups away from the end sealing plate of the buffer cylinder is connected to the push rod.

[0044] In this embodiment, each disc spring group can be provided with several disc spring groups as needed, so that when the additional damping force of the piston rod is increased, a multi-stage incremental energy consumption effect can be achieved, wherein the amplitude of the piston rod displacement reflects the degree of deformation of the structure when it is subjected to vibration or external force. The number of disc spring groups in the disc spring group is set according to the force characteristics of the structure, thereby forming a preset multi-stage incremental energy consumption scheme, thereby achieving effective protection of the structure and the damper body.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Based on Example 3, this embodiment further discloses:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the disc spring group includes two groups of disc spring groups, a second expanded diameter section (not marked in the figure) is provided in the middle of the push rod 10, and a third expanded diameter section (not marked in the figure) is provided in the middle of the second expanded diameter section, the push rod, the second expanded diameter section and the third expanded diameter section are integrally formed, and the outer surface of the third expanded diameter section is clearance-matched with the inner surface of the buffer tube 13, the first disc spring group 11 is sleeved on the push rod 10 and the end of the first disc spring group 11 away from the corresponding end sealing plate is extruded and connected to the end of the second expanded diameter section, the outer surface of the second expanded diameter section is provided with an external thread (not drawn in the figure), and the end of the second disc spring group 12 away from the end sealing plate of the buffer tube 13 is coaxially fixedly connected with an annular fixing seat 14, the annular fixing seat 14 is screwed with the second expanded diameter section, the inner hole of the first disc spring group 11 is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the push rod 10, the inner hole of the second disc spring group 12 is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the first disc spring group 11, and the two disc spring groups are used in conjunction with the corresponding end sealing plates respectively.

[0048] In this embodiment, Figure 2 、3 As shown, during the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 1 relative to the cylinder 3, when the displacement is within a certain range of the damping stroke, the limit device does not function, fully utilizing the energy dissipation capacity of the damper body. When the displacement exceeds a certain range of the damper body's stroke, the damper body functions simultaneously with the limit device. The outer end of the first disc spring group 11 contacts the inner surface of the end seal of the buffer cylinder 13, compressing the first disc spring group 11 and exerting its first-stage energy dissipation and displacement-limiting function. As the displacement continues to increase, the end face of the first disc spring group 11 contacts the end seal, while the end face of the second disc spring group 12 also contacts the same end seal. The first and second disc spring groups 11, connected in parallel with different stiffness coefficients, work together to exert the second-stage energy dissipation and displacement-limiting function. The energy dissipation and displacement-limiting capabilities continue to increase, protecting the damper body from damage.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment discloses:

[0051] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the cylinder heads 2 at both ends of the barrel 3 are respectively provided with first outer flanges 7, and a plurality of groups of first threaded holes (not marked in the figure) are provided on the two first outer flanges 7. Screws 8 pass through and are screwed between the opposite first threaded holes. The outer ends of the screws 8 are locked with the corresponding first outer flanges 7 by nuts, thereby realizing a stable connection between the cylinder head and the barrel.

[0052] like Figure 1 、 4 As shown, the outer surfaces of the buffer cylinder 13 are integrally formed with second outer flanges at both ends, and the second outer flanges are fixedly connected to the corresponding end sealing plates by bolt and nut assemblies, thereby achieving a stable connection between the end sealing plates and the buffer cylinder.

[0053] like Figure 1 、 4 As shown, a fixing rod 9 is fixedly connected between the end sealing plate facing the damper body and the opposite surface of the adjacent cylinder head 2, and a first internal threaded hole (not marked in the figure) is provided at the end of the piston rod 1 facing the limit device, and the end of the push rod 10 facing the damper body is screwed to the first internal threaded hole.

[0054] like Figure 1 、 4As shown, the first mounting seat 6 includes a first mounting plate (not marked in the figure) and a connecting rod (not marked in the figure) integrally formed at one end of the first mounting plate, the end of the piston rod 1 away from the limiting device is provided with a second internal threaded hole (not marked in the figure), the end of the connecting rod is screwed to the second internal threaded hole, the second mounting seat 15 includes an extension tube (not marked in the figure) and a second mounting plate (not marked in the figure) fixedly connected to one end of the extension tube, the end of the extension tube away from the second mounting plate is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer surface of the end sealing plate away from the side of the damper body, the middle part of the second mounting plate is provided with a through hole (not marked in the figure) for the push rod to pass through, and a plurality of mounting holes (not marked in the figure) are provided on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first mounting plate is used to connect to an external structure, and the second mounting plate is used to connect to a passive variable damping and variable stiffness device of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that the passive variable stiffness described in the present invention refers to the stiffness change provided to the piston rod by the step-limiting mechanism. As the compression amount of the disc spring group increases and more disc spring groups participate in it, the piston rod becomes increasingly difficult to displace due to the increase in stiffness provided by the step-limiting mechanism, and is eventually rigidly limited after reaching a certain limit.

Claims

1. A passive variable damping and variable stiffness device, characterized by: The invention comprises a damper body and a limiting device, wherein the damper body is provided with a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to a first mounting seat, a stepped limiting mechanism is provided in the limiting device, and the piston rod is connected to the stepped limiting mechanism; the stepped limiting mechanism provides stepped limiting after the piston rod reaches a certain damping stroke, increases the additional damping force of the piston rod during the stepped limiting process, and provides rigid limiting for the piston rod after the piston rod further moves to a certain stroke, wherein the additional damping force is increased in a stepwise manner, and the rigid limiting limits the maximum stroke of the piston rod, thereby preventing damage to the damper body caused by excessive displacement of the piston rod by limiting the maximum stroke of the piston rod; The stepped limiting mechanism is connected to the end of the piston rod away from the first mounting seat via one end of a push rod coaxial with the piston rod, and the end of the limiting device away from the piston rod is provided with a second mounting seat; The limit device includes a buffer cylinder, two ends of the push rod pass through the two end sealing plates of the buffer cylinder and are sealed and slidably connected to the two end sealing plates of the buffer cylinder, the stepped limiting mechanism includes a disc spring group arranged in the buffer cylinder and located at the outer periphery of the push rod, the disc spring group includes a plurality of disc spring groups with different inner hole diameters, the disc spring group is composed of a plurality of disc springs in series, and the inner hole edges of adjacent disc springs are fixedly connected, wherein the first group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the push rod, the second group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the first group of disc spring groups, the third group of disc spring groups is sleeved outside the second group of disc spring groups, and so on to form a disc spring group, in the disc spring group, taking the push rod as the standard, the length of the disc spring groups decreases from the inside to the outside, the disc spring groups have two, the two disc spring groups are symmetrically arranged, and the end of each disc spring group in the two disc spring groups away from the end sealing plate of the buffer cylinder is connected to the push rod; The disc spring group includes two groups of disc spring groups, a second expanded diameter section is provided in the middle of the push rod, and a third expanded diameter section is provided in the middle of the second expanded diameter section, the push rod, the second expanded diameter section and the third expanded diameter section are integrally formed, and the outer surface of the third expanded diameter section is clearance-matched with the inner surface of the buffer tube, the first group of disc spring groups is sleeved on the push rod and the end of the first group of disc spring groups away from the corresponding end sealing plate is extruded and connected to the end of the second expanded diameter section, the outer surface of the second expanded diameter section is provided with an external thread, and the end of the second group of disc spring groups away from the end sealing plate of the buffer tube is coaxially fixedly connected with an annular fixing seat, the annular fixing seat is screwed with the second expanded diameter section, the inner hole of the first group of disc spring groups is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the push rod, the inner hole of the second group of disc spring groups is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the first group of disc spring groups, and the two disc spring groups are used in conjunction with the corresponding end sealing plates respectively.

2. A passive variable damping and stiffness device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper body is provided with a variable damping mechanism, and the variable damping mechanism is connected to the viscous fluid damping material in the cylinder of the damper body; The cylinder includes a barrel and cylinder heads fixedly connected to both ends of the barrel. Both ends of the piston rod pass through the two cylinder heads and are in sealing and sliding connection with the cylinder heads. The middle part of the piston rod is provided with a first expanded diameter section, which is accommodated in the cylinder. The outer surface of the first expanded diameter section is in sealing and sliding connection with the inner surface of the barrel, and constitutes the piston body. The variable damping mechanism includes a control valve. When the piston body has no damping hole, the two ends of the control valve are respectively connected to the viscous fluid damping material in the cylinder on both sides of the piston body through connecting pipes; when the piston body has a damping hole, the control valve is arranged in the damping hole.

3. A passive variable damping and stiffness device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two connecting pipes, which are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the cylinder.

4. A passive variable damping and stiffness device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder heads at both ends of the barrel are respectively provided with first outer flanges, and the two first outer flanges are provided with several groups of first threaded holes opposite to each other. Screws pass through and are screwed between the opposite first threaded holes, and the outer ends of the screws are locked with the corresponding first outer flanges through nuts.

5. The passive variable damping and stiffness device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the buffer cylinder is formed with a second outer flange at both ends thereof, and the second outer flange is fixedly connected to the corresponding end sealing plate by a bolt and nut assembly.

6. The passive variable damping and stiffness device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing rod is fixedly connected between the end sealing plate facing the damper body and the opposite surface of the adjacent cylinder head. A first internal threaded hole is provided at one end of the piston rod facing the limit device, and the end of the push rod facing the damper body is screwed to the first internal threaded hole.

7. The passive variable damping and stiffness device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first mounting seat includes a first mounting plate and a connecting rod integrally formed at one end of the first mounting plate, a second internal threaded hole is provided at the end of the piston rod away from the limiting device, and the end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the second internal threaded hole, and the second mounting seat includes an extension tube and a second mounting plate fixedly connected to one end of the extension tube, and the end of the extension tube away from the second mounting plate is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer surface of the end sealing plate on the side away from the damper body, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the second mounting plate for the push rod to pass through, and a plurality of mounting holes are provided on both the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

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