A stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete

Abstract

A stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete includes a bottom aquiclude, a stepped aquiclude arranged on the upper surface of the bottom aquiclude, an inverted stepped seepage layer coordinated therewith, a drain outlet connected to the seepage layer, and an outer drainage area connected to the drain outlet. The aquiclude, seepage, and bottom aquiclude all have a slope of less than 5%, with the inner side higher and the outer side lower. The present invention utilizes the difference in water permeability between the seepage layer and the aquiclude, and the inclined stepped structure formed by the two, so that sewage and rainwater that have infiltrated the interior of the sidewalk flow toward the outside of the sidewalk under the action of gravity. This can eliminate residual water on the surface and interior of the sidewalk while protecting the lower pavement and roadbed from water seepage erosion, avoiding pavement diseases caused by water accumulation, thereby extending the service life of the sidewalk. The preparation cost is low, the construction is simple, the pavement has strong antifreeze performance, and the walking comfort is high. It is suitable for large-scale promotion in urban sidewalk construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pavement drainage structures, and in particular to a stepped drainage type sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete. Background Art

[0002] Although urban sidewalks do not bear the same frequent car loads as main roads, they are also subject to damage caused by long-term water erosion. In addition, large amounts of water accumulated on the sidewalk surface will hinder pedestrian traffic, affecting pedestrian traffic and interfering with the traffic convenience of the entire road. Therefore, the structure of the sidewalk drainage system is given great attention in the construction of new urban roads and the renovation of old roads.

[0003] Traditional methods of drainage for urban sidewalks mostly rely on direct drainage through pavement drainage wells, or on the design of sloped pavements in conjunction with drainage channels on both sides and other drainage facilities to remove sewage or rainwater from the road surface. For water that has already seeped into the pavement, a common drainage method is to pave permeable materials on the road surface and use them in conjunction with a drainage base layer or special drainage facilities beneath the pavement to remove the water. However, this type of structural solution involves multiple material layers with significantly different performance, is complex to construct, and is costly. It is only suitable for use on high-value main pavements, and is rarely used on sidewalks as ancillary facilities. Furthermore, this type of drainage structure causes water to directly scour through the entire pavement's permeable layer and part of the base layer. Prolonged scouring can damage the entire pavement drainage structure layer, reducing the pavement's lifespan. The aforementioned high cost and short lifespan disadvantages make it difficult for traditional drainage structures to be widely adopted on various sidewalks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problem to be solved: In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete. The pavement structure utilizes the difference between permeable cement concrete modified with permeable rubber powder and impermeable waterproof cement concrete with similar main raw materials to construct a stepped drainage pavement structure. While ensuring the overall performance of the sidewalk pavement structure, the accumulated water that has seeped into the sidewalk pavement can be drained to the outside of the sidewalk, protecting the sidewalk pavement and the main road surface and roadbed connected to the inside of the sidewalk from water seepage erosion.

[0005] Technical solution: A stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete, which is paved on the upper part of the roadbed and includes a water-proof layer, a water-seepage layer, a bottom water-proof layer, a drainage outlet and an outer drainage area.

[0006] The bottom aquiclude is located above the roadbed and is a layered structure made of waterproof cement concrete. It isolates the roadbed from the aquiclude and the seepage layer to prevent water from seeping into the roadbed. The accumulated water that seeps into the bottom aquiclude is drained to the lower drainage area.

[0007] The waterproof layer is a stepped structure formed by paving several layers of waterproof cement concrete, which is used for isolation and waterproofing, and prevents rainwater or sewage that penetrates the road surface from flowing to the main road surface inside the road; the seepage layer is an inverted stepped structure formed by paving several layers of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete, which cooperates with the stepped waterproof layer, and is used for seepage, so that rainwater or sewage that penetrates from the road surface passes through layer by layer and is finally discharged to the drainage area outside the sidewalk pavement. The number of layers of the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete corresponds to the number of layers of the waterproof cement concrete. The waterproof layer and the seepage layer are connected in a stepped manner to form a layered structure and are arranged above the bottom waterproof layer. One side of the waterproof layer is the inner side of the sidewalk pavement structure, and one side of the seepage layer is the outer side of the sidewalk pavement structure.

[0008] The drainage outlet includes an upper drainage area and a lower drainage area that are vertically connected. The upper drainage area is respectively connected to the outside of each layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete except the bottom layer, and the lower drainage area is connected to the outside of the bottom layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete. The accumulated water in each layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete except the bottom layer flows into the upper drainage area and is then introduced into the lower drainage area. The accumulated water in the upper drainage area and the inverted stepped seepage layer that flows into the lower drainage area will be gathered along the longitudinal direction of the road surface to the urban road drainage system and discharged into the sidewalk area.

[0009] The outer drainage area is connected to the lower drainage area;

[0010] The aquiclude, seepage layer, and bottom aquiclude all have a slope of less than 5%, with the inner side higher and the outer side lower, ensuring that accumulated water on the road can seep to the outside of the sidewalk. This increases the effect of the inverted stepped seepage layer in guiding the accumulated water to the outer drainage area while reducing the amount of accumulated water flowing to the main road surface inside the sidewalk.

[0011] Preferably, the waterproof cement concrete is a mixture of 100 parts by mass of Portland cement, 30-40 parts by mass of water, 250-300 parts by mass of crushed stone, 400-550 parts by mass of fly ash, and 1.5-3 parts by mass of a water reducer. The material is prepared by weighing the solid components, water, and the water reducer, pouring the solid components into a container and stirring, then adding the water and the water reducer to the container and stirring evenly.

[0012] Preferably, the waterproof cement concrete is a waterproof cement concrete material mixed with 100 parts by mass of Portland cement, 35 parts by mass of water, 275 parts by mass of crushed stone, 450 parts by mass of fly ash and 2.8 parts by mass of polycarboxylate water reducer.

[0013] Preferably, the rubber powder-modified permeable cement concrete is a permeable cement concrete material comprising 100 parts by mass of Portland cement, 30-40 parts by mass of water, 350-400 parts by mass of crushed stone, 1.5-3 parts by mass of a water reducer, 0.5-1 part by mass of a silane coupling agent, and 30-60 parts by mass of a 50-100 mesh rubber powder treated with plasma microsurfacing. The material is prepared by weighing the solid components, water, and additives (water reducer, silane coupling agent, and 50-100 mesh rubber powder treated with plasma microsurfacing), pouring the solid components into a container and stirring, then adding the water and additives to the container and stirring until uniform.

[0014] Preferably, the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete is a permeable cement concrete material mixed with 100 parts by mass of silicate cement, 35 parts by mass of water, 385 parts by mass of crushed stone, 2 parts by mass of water reducer, 0.55 parts by mass of SCA-N-01 coupling agent with retarding effect and 60 parts by mass of plasma micro-surface treated 60 mesh rubber powder.

[0015] Compared with the waterproof cement concrete, the above-mentioned rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete made of most similar raw materials and the same type of silicate cement has little difference in properties such as strength between the two concretes, but the permeable cement concrete has increased permeable pores and stronger permeability.

[0016] Preferably, the number of layers is at least four layers.

[0017] Preferably, the upper drainage area is a permeable material, a culvert or a drainage pipe, the lower drainage area is a culvert or a drainage pipe, and the outer drainage area is an urban road drainage system.

[0018] Preferably, the upper drainage area is a plurality of interconnected drainage culverts corresponding to the number of layers and layer heights of the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete, and each layer of drainage culverts is used to receive water flow from each layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete.

[0019] The paving method for the aforementioned drainage-type inclined stepped sidewalk pavement structure involves the following steps: first, a bottom impermeable layer is laid on the upper surface of the roadbed. Then, layers of waterproof cement concrete and rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete are sequentially laid on the upper surface of the bottom impermeable layer, with each layer paving the impermeable area first and then the seepage area. Drainage outlets are constructed outside the seepage area, connecting the outlets to the outer drainage area, with each layer. The rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete and waterproof cement concrete are laid simultaneously. The two cement concretes share the same primary material properties, differing only in some aspects, resulting in excellent bonding, ensuring the strength and overall performance of the sidewalk.

[0020] The water-permeable layer of the present invention is made of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete. Since the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete material has permeable pores, the pavement layer has good permeability, which can allow sewage or rainwater that penetrates the pavement to flow to the drain under the action of gravity. The water-blocking layer is made of waterproof cement concrete that is not modified with rubber powder. This type of cement concrete is not permeable and has good water-blocking performance, ensuring that accumulated water that penetrates the pavement is difficult to penetrate through, thereby protecting the roadbed from erosion by rainwater or sewage; the bottom water-blocking layer is mainly made of waterproof cement concrete, which has strong waterproof ability, hinders water from continuing to seep downward, thereby protecting the roadbed from erosion by rainwater or sewage.

[0021] Beneficial effect: The present invention provides an inclined stepped paved sidewalk pavement structure with drainage function using rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete and unmodified cement concrete as materials. The drainage principle is simple and efficient. It utilizes the permeability difference between pavement layer materials, and through the combination of water seepage through higher permeability materials and water isolation through lower permeability materials, an inclined stepped drainage channel is constructed inside the pavement structure by utilizing the permeability difference, so that the accumulated water in the road automatically flows to the drainage area outside the pavement along the higher permeability path under the action of gravity.

[0022] The sidewalk pavement structure includes a seepage structure mainly composed of a seepage layer, a water-proof structure mainly composed of a water-proof layer, and a drainage structure mainly composed of a drainage outlet. The inclined stepped structure composed of the three road structures cooperates with each other, which can make the rainwater or sewage that penetrates into the pavement structure on the road surface seep along a highly permeable path under the action of gravity and converge into the urban road drainage system. In the drainage process, the water-proof structure is also used to isolate the water flow from the roadbed and the main road surface inside the sidewalk, ensuring that the roadbed and the main road surface are not damaged by water erosion.

[0023] The sidewalk pavement structure provided by the present invention uses rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete and unmodified ordinary cement concrete as permeable and water-blocking materials. The permeable material contains a relatively low amount of fine aggregate in the rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete. The method of adding rubber powder treated with plasma irradiation micro-surfacing and chemical treatment with a silane coupling agent ensures that the macroscopic mechanical properties of the concrete material remain unchanged while significantly increasing its permeability. The waterproof cement concrete used in the water-blocking material uses the same silicate cement, aggregate, and fine aggregate as the rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete. The main materials are the same, differing only in some materials such as the rubber powder and additives. However, by controlling the raw material composition and other methods, the permeability of the concrete material is reduced, resulting in a cement concrete material with a certain degree of waterproofing.

[0024] The two cement concretes in the water-permeable material and the water-blocking material of the present invention are made of the same silicate cement material as the main raw material. The two materials have similar properties and can maintain high adhesion to each other. Even when paved into a stepped structure, they can still maintain high strength and integrity, overcoming the problem that ordinary pavement materials cannot be made into inclined stepped structures due to difficulty in lateral connection.

[0025] The sidewalk pavement structure provided by the present invention guides surface water to flow toward the outside of the road by setting the pavement slope and the method of high permeability of the outer pavement and low permeability of the inner pavement. This not only prevents the water from flowing toward the main road surface, but also reduces the loss of the surface waterproof layer due to water erosion. In conjunction with drainage areas outside the road, such as drainage channels, it can effectively reduce surface water accumulation and alleviate the impact of road surface water accumulation on sidewalk traffic.

[0026] The sidewalk pavement provided by the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to construct. It only requires paving different types of cement concrete materials in layers, and does not require the installation of a supporting power system and a complex drainage structure. It is suitable for widespread use in urban sidewalk structures and can save time and cost in the construction or renovation of sidewalk pavements.

[0027] The sidewalk pavement structure provided by the present invention utilizes a large amount of specially prepared rubber powder-modified permeable cement concrete. Microscopic testing has shown that the rubber powder-modified permeable cement concrete, due to the addition of rubber particles, has a larger number of macropores and better freeze-thaw resistance, thereby improving the overall frost resistance of the sidewalk. The rubber powder material also has greater damping, and the rubber powder-modified permeable cement concrete material has a higher damping coefficient than ordinary cement concrete. Therefore, pedestrians walking on the sidewalk pavement will also feel more comfortable than on ordinary cement concrete pavements. Furthermore, the structure can reduce surface water accumulation, thereby reducing the number of manhole covers installed on the sidewalk, improving the aesthetics of the sidewalk while providing pedestrians with a more comfortable walking experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of a road using a stepped drainage-type sidewalk pavement structure of modified cement concrete according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic top view of a stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to the present invention;

[0031] In the figure, the numerical labels represent as follows: 1. First water seepage layer; 2. Second water seepage layer; 3. Third water seepage layer; 4. Fourth water seepage layer; 5. Upper drainage area; 6. Lower drainage area; 7. First water-proof layer; 8. Second water-proof layer; 9. Third water-proof layer; 10. Fourth water-proof layer; 11. Bottom water-proof layer; 12. First drain outlet; 13. Second drain outlet; 14. Third drain outlet; 15. Fourth drain outlet; 16. External drainage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention provides a drainage type inclined stepped sidewalk pavement structure, which is paved on the upper part of the roadbed and includes a water-proof layer, a water-seepage layer, a bottom water-proof layer, a drain outlet and an outer drainage area. The bottom water-proof layer is arranged above the roadbed and is a layered structure paved with waterproof cement concrete; the water-proof layer is a stepped structure paved with several layers of waterproof cement concrete, and the water-seepage layer is an inverted stepped structure paved with several layers of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete and matched with the stepped water-proof layer. The number of layers of the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete corresponds to the number of layers of the waterproof cement concrete. The water layer and the seepage layer are connected in steps to form a block-shaped composition which is arranged above the bottom aquiclude, with one side of the aquiclude being the inner side of the sidewalk pavement structure and one side of the seepage layer being the outer side of the sidewalk pavement structure; the drainage outlet includes an upper drainage area and a lower drainage area which are vertically connected, the upper drainage area being connected to the outer side of each layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete except the bottom layer, and the lower drainage area being connected to the outer side of the bottom layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete; the outer drainage area is connected to the lower drainage area; the aquiclude, the seepage layer and the bottom aquiclude all have a slope of less than 5%, with the inner side higher and the outer side lower, to ensure that surface water on the road can seep to the outside of the sidewalk.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the examples herein are commercially available products. Conch brand P.I42.5R Portland cement is used; distilled water is used; the crushed stone particle size is 18 mm; the water reducer is a polycarboxylate high-efficiency water reducer; the coupling agent is SCA-N-01, which has a retarding effect; the plasma-micro-surfaced rubber powder purchased from Hunan Hedeli Rubber Co., Ltd. has a particle size of 60 mesh and is added in an amount of 30-60 parts by weight of cement; and the fly ash particle size is 45 μm. Mixing methods are similar to those for conventional concrete. The curing phase requires an environment of 20 ± 2°C and 95% relative humidity.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] See also Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides a sidewalk pavement structure with drainage function, which uses rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete and waterproof cement concrete as main materials, including a water-proof area, a seepage area, a bottom water-proof layer 11, a drainage outlet and an outer drainage area. The bottom water-proof layer 11 is arranged above the roadbed and is a single-layer structure paved with waterproof cement concrete with a thickness of not less than 60 mm. The strong waterproof ability of the waterproof cement concrete can prevent rainwater or sewage that has penetrated into the road surface from continuing to penetrate into the roadbed.

[0037] The waterproof area is a stepped structure formed by paving four layers of waterproof cement concrete, including a first waterproof layer 7, a second waterproof layer 8, a third waterproof layer 9 and a fourth waterproof layer 10, and the thickness of each layer is equal and not less than 30 mm.

[0038] The seepage area is an inverted stepped structure formed by paving four layers of rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete in conjunction with a stepped waterproof layer, including a first waterproof layer 1, a second waterproof layer 2, a third waterproof layer 3, and a fourth waterproof layer 4. The thickness of each layer is equal and not less than 30 mm. The first waterproof layer 7 is connected to the first waterproof layer 1, the second waterproof layer 8 is connected to the second waterproof layer 2, the third waterproof layer 9 is connected to the third waterproof layer 3, and the fourth waterproof layer 10 is connected to the fourth waterproof layer 4. The waterproof layer and the waterproof layer are connected in a stepped manner to form a multi-layered structure arranged above the bottom waterproof layer 11. One side of the waterproof layer is the inner side of the sidewalk pavement structure, and the other side of the waterproof layer is the outer side of the sidewalk pavement structure. The first water permeable layer 1 can allow the sewage or rainwater that seeps into the road surface to flow to the second water permeable layer 2 or the outside of the sidewalk under the action of gravity; the second water permeable layer 2 can guide the sewage or rainwater that seeps into the second water permeable layer 2 to the third water permeable layer 3 or the outside of the sidewalk; the third water permeable layer 3 can guide the sewage or rainwater that seeps into the third water permeable layer 3 to the fourth water permeable layer 4 or the outside of the sidewalk; the fourth water permeable layer 4 can guide the sewage or rainwater that seeps into the fourth water permeable layer 4 to the outside of the sidewalk.

[0039] The drainage outlet includes an upper drainage area 5 and a lower drainage area 6 that are vertically connected. The upper drainage area 5 includes a first drainage outlet 12, a second drainage outlet 13 and a third drainage outlet 14 that are interconnected. The lower drainage area 6 includes a fourth drainage outlet 15. The first drainage outlet 12, the second drainage outlet 13 and the third drainage outlet 14 are respectively connected to the first water seepage layer 1, the second water seepage layer 2 and the third water seepage layer 3, and the fourth drainage outlet 15 is connected to the fourth water seepage layer 4.

[0040] The outer drainage area is connected to the lower drainage area. In this embodiment, the outer drainage area is an external drainage pipe 16; the aquiclude, the seepage layer, and the bottom aquiclude 11 all have a slope of 5%, with the inner side higher and the outer side lower, guiding the accumulated water on the road surface away from the main road surface, and guiding the accumulated water that has seeped into the seepage layer from the road surface to seep towards the first drain outlet 12, the second drain outlet 13, the third drain outlet 14 and the fourth drain outlet 15 under the action of gravity.

[0041] The inverted stepped seepage area, stepped water-blocking area, and drainage structure together form the main components of the pedestrian pavement structure. The seepage area is responsible for guiding accumulated water that seeps into the road surface, the water-blocking area is responsible for isolating the accumulated water from the roadbed and main road surface, and the drainage structure is responsible for channeling the water directed from the seepage area to other urban road drainage facilities.

[0042] The raw materials for the rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete for the permeable layer are formulated as follows, by weight: 100 parts Portland cement, 30-40 parts water, 350-400 parts crushed stone, 1.5-3 parts water reducer, 0.5-1 part SCA-N-01 coupling agent, and 30-60 parts plasma-microsurfaced 60-mesh rubber powder. In this example, 100 parts Portland cement, 35 parts water, 385 parts crushed stone, 2 parts water reducer, 0.55 parts SCA-N-01 coupling agent, and 60 parts plasma-microsurfaced 60-mesh rubber powder are used. The material is prepared by weighing the solid components, water, and additives (water reducer, silane coupling agent, and plasma-microsurfaced 50-100 mesh rubber powder). The solid components are poured into a container and stirred. The water and additives are then added to the container and stirred until uniformly mixed. The prepared concrete material is cured at 20±2°C and 95% relative humidity for 28 days before being formed.

[0043] The surface of the rubber powder particles is pretreated by plasma micro-surfacing technology. By changing the activity, surface shape, polarity and other characteristics of its functional groups, the bonding force between the rubber powder and cement concrete can be enhanced. Combined with appropriate silane coupling agent treatment, the bonding effect between the raw materials can be further strengthened. The final modified cement concrete and the waterproof cement concrete made of the same type of silicate cement without modification have little difference in strength and other properties, but the modified cement concrete has significantly higher permeability.

[0044] The raw materials of waterproof cement concrete for the water-proof layer that have not been modified with rubber powder are formulated in the following proportions by mass: 100 parts of Portland cement, 30-40 parts of water, 250-300 parts of crushed stone, 400-550 parts of fly ash, and 1.5-3 parts of water-reducing agent. In this embodiment, 100 parts of Portland cement, 35 parts of water, 275 parts of crushed stone, 450 parts of fly ash, and 2.8 parts of polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agent are specifically taken. The material preparation method is as follows: weigh the solid components, water, and water-reducing agent, pour the solid components into a container and stir, add water and water-reducing agent into the container and stir evenly. The prepared concrete material is cured for 28 days at 20±2°C and a relative humidity of 95% before forming.

[0045] Compared with rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete, the main raw materials are the same and the difference in macroscopic properties such as strength is small, but the waterproof performance is excellent.

[0046] The two types of cement concrete in the permeable layer and the impermeable layer have similar mechanical properties in terms of materials, but their permeability varies greatly due to differences in some materials and grading structures. Although the permeability of the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete is significantly higher than that of the unmodified cement concrete, the two cement concretes have better adhesion due to the same main raw materials and similar macroscopic properties such as mechanics.

[0047] The paving method for the aforementioned drainage-type inclined stepped sidewalk pavement structure comprises the following steps: first, paving a bottom waterproof layer 11 on the upper surface of the roadbed; then, simultaneously paving layers of rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete and waterproof cement concrete on the upper surface of the bottom waterproof layer 11; and finally, constructing drainage outlets on the exterior of each layer of rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete, connecting the drainage outlets to the external drainage area. The simultaneous paving of the rubber-powder-modified permeable cement concrete and waterproof cement concrete, which share the same primary material properties with only minor differences, provides excellent bonding, ensuring the strength and overall performance of the sidewalk and preventing fractures at the cross-sectional adhesion points during the sidewalk's operational phase.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] The same as Example 1, except that the raw materials of the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete are proportioned as follows by mass: 100 parts of Portland cement, 35 parts of water, 390 parts of crushed stone, 2 parts of water reducer, 0.5 parts of SCA-N-01 coupling agent, and 40 parts of 50-100 mesh rubber powder treated with plasma micro-surfacing; the raw materials of the waterproof cement concrete are proportioned as follows by mass: 100 parts of Portland cement, 35 parts of water, 275 parts of crushed stone, 400 parts of fly ash, 2.5 parts of water reducer, and 1.5 parts of active admixture.

[0050] The performance tests were conducted on the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete and waterproof cement concrete obtained in Example 1 and Example 2 under the same mixing and curing conditions:

[0051]

[0052] It can be seen from the table that Example 2 reduces the proportion of some aggregates compared with Example 1. After the rubber powder content is reduced in the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete, the pore size of the cement concrete is reduced and the permeability is reduced, resulting in a slight decrease in the water permeability performance. After the fly ash content is reduced in the waterproof cement concrete, the water absorption rate increases and the water permeability pressure decreases, resulting in a slight weakening of the waterproof performance.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] The same as Example 1, except that in this embodiment, the upper drainage area 5 also uses rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete or other highly permeable materials. The higher permeability can ensure that the water flow introduced from the first drain outlet 12, the second drain outlet 13 and the third drain outlet 14 can continue to infiltrate into the lower drainage area 6 under the action of gravity.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] This embodiment is similar to Example 1, except that the upper drainage area 5 utilizes layered drainage culverts, each connected to the first drain outlet 12, the second drain outlet 13, and the third drain outlet 14. The top drainage culvert communicates with the two lower drainage culverts via interlayer holes. The bottom drainage culvert also communicates with the lower drainage area 6 via holes or pipes. Each culvert layer in the upper drainage area 5 can direct water from the first drain outlet 12, the second drain outlet 13, and the third drain outlet 14 along the longitudinal direction of the sidewalk to other drainage systems, or it can seep from top to bottom to the lower drainage area 6.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] The same as embodiment 1, except that the lower drainage area 6 adopts a drainage culvert, and the water flow introduced from the connected fourth drainage outlet 15 and the upper drainage area 5 can be converged to other drainage systems along the longitudinal direction of the sidewalk.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] The same as embodiment 1, except that the lower drainage area 6 uses a drainage pipe, and the water flow introduced from the connected fourth drainage outlet 15 and the upper drainage area 5 can be converged to other drainage systems along the longitudinal direction of the sidewalk.

[0061] In the case of rainy days or other special circumstances, the rainwater or sewage accumulated on the surface of the pedestrian pavement with drainage function of the structure of the present invention will flow along the inclination direction of the pavement toward the upper drainage area 5 outside the road or directly penetrate into the first water-insulating layer 1, away from the first water-proof layer 7 and the main road surface in the water-proof area. After entering the water-insulating layer, the accumulated water will continue to seep toward the direction of high permeability within the road surface under the action of gravity, the inclination angle of each layer of the pavement, and the obstruction of the water-proof layer in the direction of the main road surface, that is, it will seep toward the lower water-insulating layer or directly enter the upper drainage area 5 through the first drainage port 12 outside the road. The water entering the upper drainage area 5 will converge along the longitudinal direction of the pavement and be discharged to other urban drainage systems through the external drainage pipe 16. The accumulated water entering the lower water-insulating layer will continue to repeat the infiltration direction of the water flow in the first water-insulating layer and continue to seep downward or toward the outer drainage area. When some of the undrained accumulated water reaches the fourth seepage layer 4, the fourth waterproof layer 10 will hinder the water from penetrating toward the main road surface, and the bottom waterproof layer 11 will also hinder the water from penetrating downward, that is, toward the roadbed. At this time, the seepage water will flow to the lower drainage area 6 through the fourth drainage outlet 15 under the action of gravity and the inclination of the road surface layer, and finally converge in the lower drainage area 6 along the longitudinal direction of the sidewalk and be discharged to other urban drainage systems along the external drainage pipe 16.

[0062] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete, the sidewalk pavement structure being paved on top of a roadbed, characterized in that: Including aquiclude, seepage layer, bottom aquiclude, drain outlet and outer drainage area, The bottom waterproof layer is arranged above the roadbed and is a layered structure paved with waterproof cement concrete; The waterproof layer is a stepped structure formed by paving several layers of waterproof cement concrete, and the seepage layer is an inverted stepped structure formed by paving several layers of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete and coordinated with the stepped waterproof layer. The number of layers of the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete corresponds one to one with the number of layers of the waterproof cement concrete. The waterproof layer and the seepage layer are connected in a stepped manner to form a layered structure and are arranged above the bottom waterproof layer. One side of the waterproof layer is the inner side of the sidewalk pavement structure, and one side of the seepage layer is the outer side of the sidewalk pavement structure. The drain outlet includes an upper drainage area and a lower drainage area that are vertically connected. The upper drainage area is connected to the outside of each layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete except the bottom layer, and the lower drainage area is connected to the outside of the bottom layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete. The outer drainage area is connected to the lower drainage area; The aquiclude, seepage layer, and bottom aquiclude all have a slope of less than 5%, with the inner side higher and the outer side lower; The waterproof cement concrete and the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete are made of similar raw materials and are made of the same type of silicate cement.

2. The stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof cement concrete is a waterproof cement concrete material prepared by mixing 100 parts by mass of Portland cement, 30-40 parts by mass of water, 250-300 parts by mass of crushed stone, 400-550 parts by mass of fly ash and 1.5-3 parts by mass of a water reducing agent.

3. The stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waterproof cement concrete is a waterproof cement concrete material mixed with 100 parts by mass of silicate cement, 35 parts by mass of water, 275 parts by mass of crushed stone, 450 parts by mass of fly ash and 2.8 parts by mass of polycarboxylate water reducer.

4. The stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete is a permeable cement concrete material prepared by mixing 100 parts by mass of Portland cement, 30-40 parts by mass of water, 350-400 parts by mass of crushed stone, 1.5-3 parts by mass of water reducer, 0.5-1 parts by mass of silane coupling agent and 30-60 parts by mass of plasma micro-surface treated 50-100 mesh rubber powder.

5. The stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete is a permeable cement concrete material made by mixing 100 parts by mass of silicate cement, 35 parts by mass of water, 385 parts by mass of crushed stone, 2 parts by mass of water reducer, 0.55 parts by mass of SCA-N-01 coupling agent with retarding effect and 60 parts by mass of 60-mesh rubber powder treated with plasma microsurfacing.

6. The stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of layers is at least four layers.

7. The stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper drainage area is a seepage material, a culvert or a drainage pipe, the lower drainage area is a culvert or a drainage pipe, and the outer drainage area is the urban road drainage system.

8. The stepped drainage sidewalk pavement structure using modified cement concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper drainage area is a plurality of interconnected drainage channels corresponding to the number of layers and layer heights of the rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete. Each layer of drainage channels is used to receive the water flow of each layer of rubber powder modified permeable cement concrete.

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