A method for filling drainage sand in a ladle nozzle and a filling system therefor

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of iron and steel metallurgy, and specifically relates to a method and a system for filling drainage sand into a ladle nozzle. The filling method includes: obtaining information about the steel grade to be smelted and ladle nozzle information, where the ladle nozzle information includes the volume of the ladle nozzle and the shape of the nozzle opening of the ladle nozzle; according to the steel grade information and a first preset table, obtaining the type of drainage sand used for filling and the baking temperature required for the drainage sand; then performing a baking treatment on the drainage sand based on the baking temperature to obtain the baked drainage sand; according to the steel grade information, the volume of the ladle nozzle, and a second preset table, obtaining the quantity of drainage sand used for filling; according to the shape of the nozzle opening of the ladle nozzle, obtaining the cross-sectional area of the filling conduit used for filling; and then, based on the cross-sectional area of the filling conduit and the quantity of drainage sand, filling the baked drainage sand into the ladle nozzle through the filling conduit. The method of the present invention can perform the filling operation more accurately, and can improve the filling quality and the self-opening rate of the ladle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of iron and steel metallurgy, and particularly relates to a sand filling method and a sand filling system for a tundish nozzle draining sand. Background Art

[0002] In the process of iron and steel metallurgy, the molten steel after smelting needs to be transferred to the continuous casting process through a ladle. The continuous casting technology requires that the molten steel be provided stably and in a timely manner through different ladles alternately. It has been proposed to fill the draining sand in the tundish nozzle of the ladle so that the molten steel can automatically flow out of the ladle after the ladle slide plate at the bottom of the ladle is opened, thereby realizing the stable and timely supply of molten steel through different ladles alternately. The specific draining principle is that in the initial stage when the molten steel is poured into the ladle, the draining sand on the upper surface of the tundish nozzle quickly sinters after contacting the molten steel, hindering the penetration of the molten steel. The sintered layer can withstand the static pressure of the molten steel without being damaged under the support of the lower draining sand. At the same time, the sintering speed of the draining sand slows down, and the sintered layer can maintain a certain thickness. When the ladle bottom slide plate is opened and casting starts, the unsintered draining sand at the lower part falls due to its own weight, and the sintered layer loses its support, resulting in the sintered layer being broken under the action of the gravity of the molten steel. After the draining sand flows out, the molten steel automatically flows out of the ladle.

[0003] The existing sand filling operation method is as follows: The ladle is moved to the sand filling position, the electric hoist is manually controlled to slowly lower the sand filling conduit, the sand filling conduit is aligned with the tundish nozzle and lowered in place, the baked draining sand is added into the tundish nozzle through the sand filling pipe until the draining sand forms a sand dune in the nozzle, and then the electric hoist is manually controlled to slowly lift the sand filling conduit to complete the sand filling operation. However, in the process of transferring molten steel by the ladle in iron and steel metallurgy, the working conditions are complex, and the complex working conditions will affect the sand filling quality, and the sand filling quality directly affects whether the molten steel can automatically flow out of the ladle. The existing sand filling method still cannot meet the production requirements in terms of the sand filling quality and the ladle self-opening rate under complex working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of low sand filling quality and low ladle self-opening rate in the process of transferring molten steel through a ladle in the prior art, and to provide a sand filling method and system for a tundish nozzle draining sand, which can significantly improve the sand filling quality and the ladle self-opening rate.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a sand filling method for a tundish nozzle draining sand, and the method includes:

[0006] Obtaining the information of the steel grade to be smelted and the information of the tundish nozzle, where the information of the tundish nozzle includes the volume of the tundish nozzle and the shape of the nozzle opening;

[0007] Obtain the type of the drainage sand used for sand filling and the baking temperature required for the drainage sand according to the steel grade information and the first preset table, where the first preset table contains the corresponding relationship between the steel grade information and the type of the drainage sand, and also contains the corresponding relationship between the steel grade information and the baking temperature;

[0008] Then bake the drainage sand based on the baking temperature to obtain the baked drainage sand;

[0009] Obtain the quantity of the drainage sand used for sand filling according to the steel grade information, the volume of the ladle nozzle, and the second preset table, where the second preset table contains the corresponding relationship between the volume of the ladle nozzle, the steel grade information, and the quantity of the drainage sand;

[0010] Obtain the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling according to the shape of the mouth of the ladle nozzle;

[0011] Then, based on the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit and the quantity of the drainage sand, perform sand filling treatment on the ladle nozzle with the baked drainage sand through the sand filling conduit.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, the steel grade information includes the steel grade type, and the steel grade type includes the first steel grade, the second steel grade, and the third steel grade. Among them, the composition of the first steel grade includes 0.035wt% ≤ P ≤ 0.045wt%, 0.015wt% ≤ S ≤ 0.045wt%; the composition of the second steel grade includes 0.015wt% ≤ P < 0.035wt%, 0.005wt% ≤ S < 0.015wt%; the composition of the third steel grade includes P < 0.015wt%, S < 0.005wt%.

[0013] Preferably, the corresponding relationship in the first preset table includes:

[0014] When the steel grade is the first steel grade, the drainage sand is silica-based drainage sand; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the drainage sand is chromite-based drainage sand; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the drainage sand is zirconia-based drainage sand;

[0015] The SiO2 content of the silica-based drainage sand is above 80wt%, the Cr2O3 content of the chromite-based drainage sand is above 30wt%, the ZrO2 content of the zirconia-based drainage sand is above 15wt%, and the Cr2O3 content is above 25wt%.

[0016] Preferably, the corresponding relationship in the first preset table further includes: when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the baking temperature is above 40°C; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the baking temperature is above 50°C; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the baking temperature is above 60°C.

[0017] Preferably, the corresponding relationships in the second preset table are as follows: when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the amount of flow control sand is 1:1.8 - 2.1; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the amount of flow control sand is 1:2.3 - 2.7; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the amount of flow control sand is 1:3.0 - 3.5.

[0018] Preferably, the sand filling process includes: lowering the sand filling conduit to a first preset position, where the first preset position is the position where the bottom of the sand filling conduit contacts the tundish nozzle or the tundish slide plate, and the tundish slide plate is located below the tundish nozzle;

[0019] Pouring all the baked flow control sand into the sand filling conduit;

[0020] Lifting the sand filling conduit upward from the first preset position.

[0021] Preferably, the conditions for the lowering process are as follows: when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lowering rate is 0.08 m / s - 0.12 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lowering rate is 0.03 m / s - 0.06 m / s;

[0022] The conditions for the lifting process are as follows: when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.1 m / s - 0.12 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.17 m / s - 0.23 m / s;

[0023] Among them, when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 350 mm - 450 mm; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 550 mm - 650 mm; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 750 mm - 850 mm.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments, obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling includes: obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit adapted to the orifice shape of the tundish nozzle according to the orifice shape of the tundish nozzle, and obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit according to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit; wherein, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit is 1:1.8 - 2.5.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a sand filling system for a tundish nozzle of a ladle, comprising a baking unit, a drainage sand supply unit, a sand filling unit, and a control unit;

[0026] Among them, the sand filling unit includes a sand filling conduit, and the sand filling unit is used to perform sand filling treatment on the tundish nozzle of the ladle through the sand filling conduit;

[0027] Among them, the control unit is respectively connected to the drainage sand supply unit, the baking unit, and the sand filling unit, and is used to execute the sand filling method described in the first aspect according to the steel grade information and tundish nozzle information during smelting.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments, the sand filling unit further includes an alignment mechanism, and the alignment mechanism is used to lower the sand filling conduit to a first preset position and lift the sand filling conduit upward from the first preset position.

[0029] The present invention obtains the steel grade information during smelting, the volume of the tundish nozzle, and the orifice shape of the tundish nozzle. Further, according to the steel grade information, it obtains the type of drainage sand used for sand filling and the baking temperature required for the drainage sand. According to the steel grade information and the volume of the tundish nozzle, it obtains the quantity of drainage sand used for sand filling. According to the orifice shape of the tundish nozzle, it obtains the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling. It can adjust the conditions of the baking treatment and the sand filling treatment according to the steel grade information and the ladle information, can perform the sand filling operation more accurately, and can improve the sand filling quality and the self-opening rate of the ladle.

[0030] The sand filling system for the tundish nozzle of the ladle provided by the present invention can control the sand filling operation for different working conditions during the process of the ladle transferring molten steel, and can improve the sand filling quality and the self-opening rate of the ladle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0032] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sand filling method of the present invention

[0033] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the baking unit of the present invention.

[0034] Description of the reference numerals

[0035] 1 - lifting appliance 2 - guide rail 3 - sand filling platform

[0036] 4 - Ladle nozzle 5 - Camera 6 - Baking unit

[0037] 7 - Sand - filling duct channel 8 - Feeding channel 9 - Pervious brick

[0038] 10 - Flue gas baking pipeline 11 - Sand - filling duct 12 - Electric slide gate valve Detailed implementation manners

[0039] In the ranges disclosed herein, the endpoints and any values are not limited to the exact ranges or values. These ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, between the endpoint values of each range, between the endpoint values of each range and individual point values, and between individual point values, they can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, and these numerical ranges should be regarded as specifically disclosed herein.

[0040] The inventors of the present invention have found through research that in the existing sand - filling method, during the process of ladle transferring molten steel, it is impossible to adjust the sand - filling operation according to specific working conditions, the sand - filling operation is inaccurate, and the sand - filling quality and the self - opening rate of the ladle still cannot meet the production requirements.

[0041] In view of this, on the one hand, the present invention provides a sand - filling method for the drainage sand of the ladle nozzle, and the method includes:

[0042] Obtain the information of the steel grade being smelted and the ladle nozzle information, where the ladle nozzle information includes the volume of the ladle nozzle and the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle;

[0043] According to the steel grade information and the first preset table, obtain the type of the drainage sand used for sand - filling and the baking temperature required for the drainage sand, where the first preset table contains the corresponding relationship between the steel grade information and the type of the drainage sand, and also contains the corresponding relationship between the steel grade information and the baking temperature;

[0044] Then, perform a baking treatment on the drainage sand based on the baking temperature to obtain the baked drainage sand;

[0045] According to the steel grade information, the volume of the ladle nozzle, and the second preset table, obtain the quantity of the drainage sand used for sand - filling, where the second preset table contains the corresponding relationship between the volume of the ladle nozzle, the steel grade information, and the quantity of the drainage sand;

[0046] According to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, obtain the cross - sectional area of the sand - filling duct used for sand - filling;

[0047] Then, based on the cross - sectional area of the sand - filling duct and the quantity of the drainage sand, perform a sand - filling treatment on the ladle nozzle with the baked drainage sand through the sand - filling duct.

[0048] The inventor's research found that during the process of molten steel entering the ladle, the drainage sand on the upper surface of the ladle nozzle quickly sinters after contacting the molten steel, thus hindering the penetration of the molten steel. If the molten steel further penetrates, a too thick sintered layer will be formed inside the ladle nozzle, affecting the self-opening of the ladle nozzle. However, during the process of the ladle holding molten steel, part of the drainage sand will be washed away by the molten steel, and the molten steel easily enters the inside of the nozzle. A relatively thick sintered layer will be formed inside the ladle nozzle, and the amount of drainage sand in the non-sintered self-flow layer is limited, and the self-opening effect of the ladle is greatly affected. It is necessary to form a sand pile-shaped drainage sand in the ladle nozzle to prevent too much drainage sand from being washed away, so that the molten steel enters the inside of the nozzle and cannot form a three-layer structure of a sintered layer, a transition layer and a self-flow layer, affecting the self-opening rate of the ladle. In order to form a sand pile-shaped drainage sand, the present invention proposes to obtain the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit and the amount of drainage sand according to the orifice shape and volume of the ladle nozzle, comprehensively considering the influence of the orifice shape, volume, cross-sectional area (diameter) of the sand filling conduit and the amount of drainage sand on the formation of the sand pile-shaped drainage sand. At the same time, the type of steel, the type of drainage sand and the humidity of the drainage sand will also affect the controllable sintering of the molten steel and the drainage sand, and affect the formation of the three-layer structure of the sintered layer, the transition layer and the self-flow layer. The present invention further determines the type of drainage sand and the baking temperature of the drainage sand by obtaining the steel type information. During the process of determining the amount of drainage sand, the influence of the steel type is further considered.

[0049] The present invention determines the amount of drainage sand by obtaining the steel type information and the volume of the ladle nozzle, obtains the steel type information, determines the type of drainage sand and the baking temperature of the drainage sand, obtains the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, and determines the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling; controls the sintering process and the formation of the three-layer structure of the sintered layer, the transition layer and the self-flow layer from multiple aspects such as the structure of the ladle nozzle, the pipe diameter of the sand filling conduit, the steel type, and the type, amount and humidity of the drainage sand, and finally improves the sand filling quality and the self-opening rate of the ladle.

[0050] In addition, the present invention obtains the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit according to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, can select a matching sand filling conduit according to the erosion condition of the ladle nozzle, can prevent the sand filling conduit from colliding with the ladle, and prevent sundries such as slag steel from entering the nozzle and sintering with the drainage sand, which affects the self-opening of the ladle.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, the steel grade information includes the steel grade type, which includes the first steel grade, the second steel grade, and the third steel grade. Among them, the composition of the first steel grade includes 0.035wt% ≤ P ≤ 0.045wt% and 0.015wt% ≤ S ≤ 0.045wt%; the composition of the second steel grade includes 0.015wt% ≤ P < 0.035wt% and 0.005wt% ≤ S < 0.015wt%; the composition of the third steel grade includes P < 0.015wt% and S < 0.005wt%. The content requirements of the P and S elements in the three steel grades are different, the smelting processes are also different, and the ladle holding time is also different. The lower the content of the P and S elements, the higher the alloy content, the more complex the refining treatment, and the longer the holding time. The holding time will affect the sintering effect of the tapping sand. Reflecting the steel grade information by the content of the P and S elements is more conducive to improving the sand filling effect and the self-opening rate of the ladle nozzle.

[0052] In some preferred embodiments, the corresponding relationships in the first preset table include: when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the tapping sand is silica tapping sand; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the tapping sand is chromite tapping sand; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the tapping sand is zirconia tapping sand. The SiO2 content of the silica tapping sand is above 80wt%, the Cr2O3 content of the chromite tapping sand is above 30wt%, the ZrO2 content of the zirconia tapping sand is above 15wt%, and the Cr2O3 content is above 25wt%. When the steel grade is the first steel grade, using silica tapping sand; when it is the second steel grade, using chromite tapping sand; when it is the third steel grade, using zirconia tapping sand is more conducive to obtaining the best sintering effect, improving the sand filling quality and the self-opening rate of the ladle.

[0053] In some preferred embodiments, the corresponding relationships in the first preset table further include: when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the baking temperature is above 40°C; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the baking temperature is above 50°C; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the baking temperature is above 60°C. The tapping sand itself contains a certain proportion of moisture, and it is easy to absorb moisture during storage. The part of the tapping sand in contact with the molten steel is extremely prone to caking. From the first steel grade to the third steel grade, the ladle holding time gradually increases. By using a higher baking temperature for the steel grade with a longer holding time, it is more conducive to preventing the part of the tapping sand in contact with the molten steel from caking and improving the self-opening rate of the ladle. At the same time, for silica tapping sand, using a baking temperature above 40°C, for chromite tapping sand, using a baking temperature above 50°C, and for zirconia tapping sand, using a baking temperature above 60°C is also more conducive to achieving an optimal sintering effect for the corresponding tapping sand.

[0054] In some preferred embodiments, the corresponding relationships in the second preset table include: when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the amount of the tapping compound is 1:1.8 to 2.1; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the amount of the tapping compound is 1:2.3 to 2.7; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the amount of the tapping compound is 1:3.0 to 3.5. The volume of the tundish nozzle is the volume that the tundish nozzle can hold the tapping compound. In order to form a sand pile-shaped tapping compound in the tundish nozzle, the amount of the tapping compound needs to be greater than the volume of the tundish nozzle. The longer the molten steel holding time, the thicker the sintered layer of the tapping compound. From the first steel grade to the third steel grade, the molten steel holding time gradually increases. By increasing the amount of the tapping compound, it is more conducive to the formation of a good sand pile shape of the tapping compound, preventing the molten steel from entering the inside of the nozzle and affecting the self-opening of the ladle.

[0055] In some preferred embodiments, the sand filling treatment includes: lowering the sand filling conduit to a first preset position, where the first preset position is the position where the bottom of the sand filling conduit contacts the tundish nozzle or the ladle slide plate, and the ladle slide plate is located below the tundish nozzle; pouring all the baked tapping compound into the sand filling conduit; lifting the sand filling conduit upward from the first preset position. By making the bottom of the sand filling conduit contact the tundish nozzle or the ladle slide plate, it is more conducive to measuring the added amount of the tapping compound, and can improve the sand filling accuracy more, ensuring that the tapping compound can enter the tundish nozzle. And when the sand filling conduit is lifted upward, it is more conducive to forming a sand pile-shaped tapping compound, achieving better sand filling quality and ladle self-opening rate.

[0056] In some preferred embodiments, the sand filling process includes: The conditions for the descending process include: when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the descending rate is 0.08 m / s to 0.12 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the descending rate is 0.03 m / s to 0.06 m / s. The conditions for the ascending process include: when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the ascending rate is 0.1 m / s to 0.12 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the ascending rate is 0.17 m / s to 0.23 m / s. Among them, when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 350 mm - 450 mm; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 550 mm - 650 mm; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 750 mm - 850 mm. During the descending process of the sand filling conduit, when the bottom of the sand filling conduit reaches the second preset position of the ladle nozzle, adjusting the descending rate of the sand filling conduit to 0.03 m / s to 0.06 m / s is more conducive to avoiding large mechanical vibrations during the contact between the bottom of the sand filling conduit and the ladle nozzle or the ladle slide plate. Affected by the cleanliness of the ladle nozzle, if the mechanical vibration is large, it is easy to shake the steel slag on the ladle wall into the nozzle, which will affect the self-opening of the ladle after sintering with the drainage sand. Before the bottom of the sand filling conduit reaches the second preset position, controlling the descending rate of the sand filling conduit to 0.08 m / s to 0.12 m / s is more conducive to improving the sand filling efficiency. When the sand filling conduit is lifted from the first preset position to the second preset position, controlling the ascending rate of the sand filling conduit to 0.1 m / s to 0.12 m / s is more conducive to forming a sand pile-like structure of the drainage sand at the ladle nozzle, improving the self-opening effect of the ladle. Controlling the ascending rate higher than 0.1 m / s is more conducive to avoiding the pre-sintering of the drainage sand in the self-flow layer caused by the high temperature of the ladle, controlling the thickness of the sintered layer, and improving the self-opening effect of the ladle. When the sand filling conduit is lifted above the second preset position, controlling the ascending rate of the sand filling conduit to 0.17 m / s to 0.23 m / s is more conducive to improving the sand filling efficiency and reducing the aging deformation of the sand filling conduit caused by the high temperature of the ladle.

[0057] When the steel grades are the first steel grade, the second steel grade, and the third steel grade, the longitudinal distances between the second preset position and the first preset position are preferably 350 mm - 450 mm, 550 mm - 650 mm, and 750 mm - 850 mm respectively, which is more conducive to precisely controlling the sand filling process for steel grades with longer molten steel holding times, forming a three-layer drainage sand structure of a sintered layer, a transition layer, and a self-flow layer, and improving the sand filling quality and the self-opening rate of the ladle.

[0058] In some preferred embodiments, obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling includes: obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit adapted to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle according to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, and obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit according to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit; wherein, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit is 1:1.8 to 2.5. In the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit adapted to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle refers to the maximum cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit at the bottom that can contact the ladle nozzle or the ladle slide plate. During the use of the ladle, the ladle nozzle will be gradually eroded, the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle will change, the orifice of the ladle nozzle will be enlarged, and the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit adapted to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle will gradually increase. Before the sand filling operation, obtaining the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit adapted to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, and obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit according to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit are more conducive to selecting a sand filling conduit that is more suitable for the ladle nozzle. By making the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit be 1:1.8 to 2.5, it is more conducive to preventing the slag in the ladle nozzle seat brick bowl from entering the ladle nozzle and more conducive to improving the self-opening rate of the ladle.

[0059] In some preferred embodiments, before obtaining the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, the ladle age can be obtained in advance, and the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling can be obtained by combining the ladle age and the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, which is more conducive to improving the sand filling quality and the self-opening rate of the ladle.

[0060] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a sand filling system for the ladle nozzle drainage sand, including a baking unit, a drainage sand supply unit, a sand filling unit, and a control unit;

[0061] Wherein, the sand filling unit includes a sand filling conduit, and the sand filling unit is used to perform sand filling treatment on the ladle nozzle through the sand filling conduit;

[0062] Wherein, the control unit is respectively connected to the drainage sand supply unit, the baking unit, and the sand filling unit, and is used to execute the sand filling method described in the first aspect according to the steel grade information and the ladle nozzle information of the smelted steel.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments, the sand filling unit further includes an alignment mechanism, and the alignment mechanism is used to lower the sand filling conduit to a first preset position and lift the sand filling conduit upward from the first preset position.

[0064] In some preferred embodiments, one end of the sand filling conduit used to fill the baked drainage sand is a conical structure, and there is a range mark on the conical structure, which is more conducive to accurately controlling the amount of drainage sand added when the sand filling conduit descends to the first preset position, thereby improving the sand filling effect and the self-opening rate of the ladle.

[0065] In some preferred embodiments, reference Figure 1 The positioning mechanism includes a sling 1 for controlling the descent and lift of the sand filling conduit 11. The sling 1 includes a control structure for controlling the lifting and descent actions of the sling 1, as well as the lifting speed and the descent speed. The positioning mechanism also includes a guide rail 2, which is connected to the sling 1 and is used to drive the horizontal movement of the sling 1. Through the sling 1 and the guide rail 2, it is more conducive to smoothly descending the sand filling conduit 11 to the first preset position and smoothly lifting the sand filling conduit 11 upward from the first preset position, and realizing smooth speed change when the sand filling conduit 1 reaches the second preset position.

[0066] In some preferred embodiments, the sand filling operation is performed through a sand filling platform 3, and a camera 5 is provided on the sand filling platform 3 at a position corresponding to the ladle nozzle 4, and the ladle condition, nozzle cleanliness and sand filling operation are monitored in real time through the camera 5.

[0067] In some preferred embodiments, reference Figure 1 and 2 The baking unit 6 is located on the sand filling platform 3. The baking unit 6 is provided with a sand filling conduit channel 7 and a feeding channel 8 at intervals. The sand filling conduit 11 is lowered and lifted through the sand filling conduit channel 7. The feeding channel 8 is used to add materials to the ladle. The position of the feeding channel 8 corresponds to the position of the air brick 9 of the ladle. By locating the baking unit 6 on the sand filling platform 3, it is beneficial to utilize the radiation heat dissipation of the ladle or molten steel to bake the drainage sand, prevent the drainage sand from getting damp, and improve the self-opening rate of the ladle. By making the position of the feeding channel 8 correspond to the position of the air brick 9 of the ladle, it is more conducive to ensure that the material is put into the air permeable position of the ladle, so that the material is fully melted and the composition of the molten steel is uniform; and the feeding channel 8 is far away from the ladle water inlet 4, which can prevent the added material from rolling into the ladle water inlet 4 and affecting the self-opening rate of the ladle.

[0068] In some preferred embodiments, the drainage sand supply unit is an electric gate valve 12 , and the drainage sand in the baking unit 6 flows into the sand filling conduit 11 through the electric gate valve 12 .

[0069] In some preferred embodiments, reference Figure 1 and 2 The baking unit 6 is provided with a flue gas baking pipe 10, which is more conducive to utilizing the residual heat of the flue gas to bake the drainage sand.

[0070] In the present invention, the calculation method of the ladle self-opening rate is the ratio of the number of ladles that self-open to the total number of ladles.

[0071] The present invention will be further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] Step 1: Obtain that the average content of P element in the steel grade being smelted is 0.020 wt%, and the average content of S element is 0.010 wt%. The steel grade is the second steel grade. According to the first preset table, obtain that the tapping sand is chromite tapping sand, the average content of Cr2O3 is 36.5 wt%, the baking temperature of the tapping sand is above 50 °C, and the baking time is 6 min. Obtain the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle. According to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, obtain that the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit adapted to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle is 0.013 m 2 , based on the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit being 1:2.16, determine that the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling is 0.006 m 2 , obtain that the volume of the ladle nozzle is 0.0039 m 3 , according to the second preset table, determine that the ratio of the volume of the ladle nozzle to the quantity of tapping sand is 1:2.58, and the quantity of tapping sand is 0.01 m 3 .

[0074] Step 2: In the baking unit, bake the chromite tapping sand above 50 °C. Lower the sand filling conduit with the corresponding cross-sectional area determined in Step 1 through the alignment structure to the first preset position where the bottom of the sand filling conduit contacts the ladle nozzle. During the lowering process, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 550 mm - 650 mm. When the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lowering rate is 0.08 m / s. When the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lowering rate is 0.04 m / s. Pour the baked tapping sand coming out of the baking unit into the sand filling conduit according to the quantity of tapping sand determined in Step 1 through the tapping sand supply unit. Lift the sand filling conduit from the first preset position through the alignment mechanism. During the lifting process, when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.1 m / s. When the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.2 m / s. Through the above method for sand filling operation, the average ladle self-opening rate is 98.45%.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, with the difference that in Step 1, the average content of P element in the steel grade being smelted is 0.037 wt%, the average content of S element is 0.016 wt%, the steel grade is the first steel grade. According to the first preset table, the tapping sand obtained is silica tapping sand, with an average SiO2 content of 85 wt%, the baking temperature is above 40 °C, the baking time is 4 min. According to the second preset table, the ratio of the volume of the ladle nozzle to the quantity of tapping sand is determined to be 1:2.06, and the quantity of tapping sand is 0.008 m 3 , in Step 2, the tapping sand is baked above 40 °C, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 350 mm - 450 mm. When the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the descending rate is 0.08 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the descending rate is 0.04 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.1 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.2 m / s. By performing the sand filling operation through the above method, the average self-opening rate of the ladle is 98.73%.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, with the difference that in Step 1, the average content of P element in the steel grade being smelted is 0.010 wt%, the average content of S element is 0.003 wt%, the steel grade is the third steel grade. According to the first preset table, the tapping sand obtained is zirconia tapping sand, with an average ZrO2 content of 18.5 wt% and an average Cr2O3 content of 26 wt%, the baking temperature is above 60 °C, the baking time is 8 min. According to the second preset table, the ratio of the volume of the ladle nozzle to the quantity of tapping sand is determined to be 1:3.44, and the quantity of tapping sand is 0.0134 m 3 , in Step 2, the tapping sand is baked above 60 °C, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 750 mm - 850 mm. When the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the descending rate is 0.08 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the descending rate is 0.04 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.1 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.2 m / s. By performing the sand filling operation through the above method, the average self-opening rate of the ladle is 98.01%.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, with the difference that the tapping sand is silica tapping sand and the baking temperature is above 50 °C. The average self-opening rate of the ladle in this example is 97.86%.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, except that the ratio of the volume of the ladle nozzle to the amount of the tapping compound is 1:2, and the amount of the tapping compound is determined to be 0.0078 m 3 . The average self-opening rate of the ladle in this example is 98.12%.

[0083] Example 6

[0084] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, except that during the process of lowering the sand filling conduit, the lowering rate is 0.2 m / s. The self-opening rate of the ladle in this example is 98.39%.

[0085] Example 7

[0086] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, except that during the process of lifting the sand filling conduit, the lifting rate is 0.05 m / s. The self-opening rate of the ladle in this example is 98.27%.

[0087] Example 8

[0088] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, except that the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit is 1:1.5. The self-opening rate of the ladle in this example is 98.38%.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, except that 0.0067 m of chromite tapping compound is added without considering specific information such as steel grade and nozzle 3 , and the self-opening rate of the ladle in this example is 96.45%.

[0091] Comparative Example 2

[0092] It is carried out with reference to Example 1, except that the tapping compound is packaged with a moisture-proof inner membrane and not baked without considering specific information such as steel grade and nozzle. The self-opening rate of the ladle in this example is 96.83%.

[0093] It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 that by determining the baking temperature of the tapping sand according to the steel grade information, baking the tapping sand according to the determined baking temperature of the tapping sand, and determining the quantity of the tapping sand according to the steel grade information and the ladle nozzle volume, the self-opening rate of the ladle can be significantly improved. It can be seen from Example 1 and Examples 4-8 that when the steel grade is the second steel grade, it is determined that the tapping sand is chromite tapping sand, and the ratio of the ladle nozzle volume to the quantity of the tapping sand is 1:2.3-2.7. During the lowering process, when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lowering rate is 0.08 m / s-0.12 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lowering rate is 0.03 m / s-0.06 m / s. During the lifting process, when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.1 m / s-0.12 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.17 m / s-0.23 m / s. When the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit is 1:1.8-2.5, the self-opening rate of the ladle can be further improved.

[0094] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including any other suitable combination of each technical feature. These simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for filling guiding sand in a ladle nozzle, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtaining information on the steel grade to be smelted and information on the tundish nozzle, where the tundish nozzle information includes the volume of the tundish nozzle and the shape of the orifice of the tundish nozzle; According to the steel grade information and a first preset table, obtaining the type of the fluxing sand used for sand filling and the baking temperature required for the fluxing sand, where the first preset table contains the corresponding relationship between the steel grade information and the type of the fluxing sand, and also contains the corresponding relationship between the steel grade information and the baking temperature; Then, performing a baking treatment on the fluxing sand based on the baking temperature to obtain the baked fluxing sand; According to the steel grade information, the volume of the tundish nozzle, and a second preset table, obtaining the quantity of the fluxing sand used for sand filling, where the second preset table contains the corresponding relationship between the volume of the tundish nozzle, the steel grade information, and the quantity of the fluxing sand; According to the shape of the orifice of the tundish nozzle, obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling; Then, based on the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit and the quantity of the fluxing sand, performing a sand filling treatment on the tundish nozzle with the baked fluxing sand through the sand filling conduit.

2. The sand filling method according to claim 1, wherein The steel grade information includes the steel grade type, and the steel grade type includes a first steel grade, a second steel grade, and a third steel grade. Among them, the composition of the first steel grade includes 0.035 wt% ≤ P ≤ 0.045 wt% and 0.015 wt% ≤ S ≤ 0.045 wt%, the composition of the second steel grade includes 0.015 wt% ≤ P < 0.035 wt% and 0.005% ≤ S < 0.015 wt%, and the composition of the third steel grade includes P < 0.015 wt% and S < 0.005 wt%.

3. The sand filling method according to claim 2, wherein The corresponding relationships in the first preset table include: When the steel grade is the first steel grade, the fluxing sand is silica-based fluxing sand; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the fluxing sand is chromite-based fluxing sand; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the fluxing sand is zirconia-based fluxing sand; The SiO2 content of the silica-based fluxing sand is more than 80 wt%, the Cr2O3 content of the chromite-based fluxing sand is more than 30 wt%, the ZrO2 content of the zirconia-based fluxing sand is more than 15 wt%, and the Cr2O3 content is more than 25 wt%.

4. The sand filling method according to claim 3, wherein, The corresponding relationships in the first preset table also include: when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the baking temperature is 40°C or higher; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the baking temperature is 50°C or higher; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the baking temperature is 60°C or higher.

5. The sand filling method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The corresponding relationships in the second preset table include: when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the quantity of the fluxing sand is 1:1.8 - 2.1; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the quantity of the fluxing sand is 1:2.3 - 2.7; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the ratio of the volume of the tundish nozzle to the quantity of the fluxing sand is 1:3.0 - 3.

5.

6. The sand filling method according to claim 3, wherein, The sand filling treatment includes: Lowering the sand filling conduit to a first preset position, where the first preset position is the position where the bottom of the sand filling conduit contacts the tundish nozzle or the tundish slide plate, and the tundish slide plate is located below the tundish nozzle; Pour all of the baked drainage sand into the sand filling conduit; Lift the sand filling conduit upward from the first preset position.

7. The sand pouring method according to claim 6, wherein The conditions for the descending process include: when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the descending rate is 0.08 m / s to 0.12 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the descending rate is 0.03 m / s to 0.06 m / s; The conditions for the lifting process include: when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is below the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.1 m / s to 0.12 m / s; when the bottom of the sand filling conduit is above the second preset position, the lifting rate is 0.17 m / s to 0.23 m / s; Among them, when the steel grade is the first steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 350 mm - 450 mm; when the steel grade is the second steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 550 mm - 650 mm; when the steel grade is the third steel grade, the longitudinal distance between the second preset position and the first preset position is 750 mm - 850 mm.

8. The sand filling method according to claim 1, wherein Obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit used for sand filling includes: obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit adapted to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle according to the orifice shape of the ladle nozzle, and obtaining the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit according to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit; among them, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sand filling conduit to the cross-sectional area of the adapted sand filling conduit is 1:1.8 - 2.

5.

9. A pouring sand system for tundish nozzle draining sand, characterized in that, It includes a baking unit, a drainage sand supply unit, a sand filling unit, and a control unit; Among them, the sand filling unit includes a sand filling conduit, and the sand filling unit is used to perform sand filling treatment on the ladle nozzle through the sand filling conduit; Among them, the control unit is respectively connected to the drainage sand supply unit, the baking unit, and the sand filling unit, and is used to execute the sand filling method according to any one of claims 1 - 8 based on the steel grade information and ladle nozzle information during smelting.

10. The sand filling system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sand filling unit further includes an alignment mechanism, and the alignment mechanism is used to lower the sand filling conduit to the first preset position and lift the sand filling conduit upward from the first preset position.

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