A method and device for manufacturing amorphous / nanocrystalline material

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material and a manufacturing device thereof, and relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology. The present invention comprises the following steps: S1, raw materials are transferred through a feeding mechanism; S2, a pulse power supply causes the raw materials to generate metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs; S3, the metal droplets are transferred to the bottom of a flyer plate under the action of a transmission medium; S4, an electromagnetic pulse coil on the flyer plate generates a magnetic field force to drive the flyer plate to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of a substrate to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material; S5, repeat S1 to S4. The present invention utilizes a pulse power supply to cause the raw materials to generate metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs, and move to the bottom of a flyer plate under the action of a transmission medium, and the electromagnetic pulse coil on the flyer plate generates a magnetic field force to drive the flyer plate to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of a substrate at high speed to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material and a manufacturing device suitable for the manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] Additive manufacturing (also known as 3D printing) technology is the process of adding materials layer by layer to make objects based on three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) model data. It integrates CAD technology, computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology, computer numerical control (CNC) technology, material processing and other disciplines, and has gradually become a hot spot and key technology for research in countries around the world in recent years. As one of the representative technologies of the third industrial revolution, it has received widespread attention from the industrial and commercial communities due to its advantages such as no need for molds, realization of complex designs, and high forming precision.

[0003] Nanocrystals have excellent properties that are difficult to obtain with general materials due to their special structure and size effect, such as high wear resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance. In recent years, with the rapid development of nanomaterials, nanotechnology has begun to be applied to many fields such as additive manufacturing and surface engineering.

[0004] Amorphous alloys, also known as metallic glasses, have an atomic stacking structure similar to that of liquid metals, and are topologically disordered in three-dimensional space, because they avoid crystallization during rapid solidification. Compared with traditional crystalline alloys, amorphous alloys have long-range disordered atomic arrangement, uniform microstructure, and no intrinsic defects such as grain boundaries, dislocations, and impurities. They have better mechanical, physical, and chemical properties than conventional crystalline materials, such as extremely high strength, hardness, fracture toughness, good wear resistance, corrosion resistance, superplasticity in the supercooled liquid zone, and excellent soft magnetic properties. This makes it have a wide range of application prospects in the fields of machinery, electronics, medicine, aviation, and chemical engineering.

[0005] The invention patent with the publication number of CN 113718093 A discloses a high-speed impact large-area preparation of amorphous / nanocrystalline composite coating and its preparation process. The steps are as follows: ① S1, substrate and flyer plate selection: the thickness of the substrate is greater than or equal to 3mm and less than 10mm, and the thickness of the flyer plate is greater than 0.2mm and less than 1mm; the flyer plate is also processed with a through hole with a diameter less than 0.5mm; ② the surface of the substrate is pickled and polished to remove the surface oxide film, and it is cleaned and dried with anhydrous ethanol; ③ the flyer plate is arranged in a manner of the flyer plate at the bottom and the substrate at the top, and the electromagnetic pulse device is turned on to make the current pass through the electromagnetic pulse coil to generate electromagnetic force, and the speed and angle of the flyer plate hitting the substrate are changed by changing the discharge energy and initial spacing of the electromagnetic pulse device, so that the flyer plate hits the substrate at high speed, and the lattice deformation and fragmentation of the substrate surface occurs, thereby forming an amorphous / nanocrystalline material on the substrate surface.

[0006] In the process of preparing a large-area amorphous / nanocrystalline composite coating in this invention patent, there is no material between the flying plate and the substrate, and the flying plate and the substrate will have a local connection. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and a device for manufacturing amorphous / nanocrystalline materials, which utilize a pulse power supply to make the raw materials generate metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs, and move them to the bottom of the flyer plate under the action of a transmission medium. The electromagnetic pulse coil on the flyer plate generates a magnetic field force to drive the flyer plate to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of the substrate at high speed to form dense amorphous / nanocrystalline materials.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1, raw materials are transferred through the feeding mechanism;

[0011] S2, pulse power supply makes the raw material produce metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs;

[0012] S3, the metal droplets are moved to the bottom of the flying plate under the action of the transmission medium;

[0013] S4, the electromagnetic pulse coil on the flying plate generates a magnetic field force to drive the flying plate to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of the substrate to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material;

[0014] S5. Repeat S1 to S4.

[0015] The present invention also provides a manufacturing device suitable for the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned amorphous / nanocrystalline material, comprising: a pulse power supply, a substrate, a flying plate, a transmission medium channel and a feeding mechanism;

[0016] The pulse power supply is used to make the raw material produce metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs. The substrate is arranged on both sides of the raw material, and the flying plate is located above the substrate. The transmission medium channel is used for the transmission medium to pass through, and the transmission medium is used to transport the metal droplets to the bottom of the flying plate. The feeding mechanism is used to transport the raw material. An electromagnetic pulse coil is arranged on the flying plate. The electromagnetic pulse coil generates a magnetic field force to drive the flying plate to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of the substrate to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a rotating electrode and a driving device for driving the rotating electrode to rotate;

[0018] The two ends of the pulse power supply are connected to the raw material and the rotating electrode respectively, and the molten metal droplets are generated under the action of the electric spark or short arc formed between the raw material and the rotating electrode.

[0019] Preferably, two ends of the pulse power supply are respectively connected to two different raw materials, and the molten metal droplets are generated under the action of electric sparks or short arcs formed between the raw materials.

[0020] Preferably, the transmission medium is a gas, a mixture of gas and powder, or a mixture of gas and liquid.

[0021] Preferably, the rotating electrode is covered with an insulating layer.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes a housing;

[0023] The rotating electrode is arranged in the housing via a supporting bearing.

[0024] Preferably, an elastic connecting member is provided between the flying plate and the housing.

[0025] Preferably, the driving device comprises:

[0026] A driving motor, which drives the rotating electrode to rotate through a bevel gear structure;

[0027] The driving motor is fixed on the housing.

[0028] Preferably, a valve (13) is provided on the transmission medium channel (21).

[0029] Beneficial Effects

[0030] The manufacturing method and manufacturing device of amorphous / nanocrystalline materials provided by the present invention utilize a pulse power supply to make raw materials generate metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs, and move them to the bottom of a flying plate under the action of a transmission medium. The electromagnetic pulse coil on the flying plate generates a magnetic field force to drive the flying plate to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of a substrate at high speed to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material. The metal droplets on the substrate form an amorphous structure. Compared with the prior art that directly impacts the substrate with a flying plate, an amorphous structure is observed on the surface of the substrate. At this time, there is no material between the flying plate and the substrate, and the flying plate and the substrate will have a local connection. The technical principle of the manufacturing method and manufacturing device of the present invention is different from the prior art, and can effectively avoid the local connection between the flying plate and the substrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the metal droplet is generated under the action of the electric spark or short arc formed between the raw material and the rotating electrode in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which a metal droplet is generated under the action of an electric spark or a short arc formed between raw materials in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the electromagnetic pulse coil generating electromagnetic force in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the raw material of the present invention is a rod;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a mixture of gas and powder as the transmission medium in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission medium of the present invention being a mixture of gas and liquid;

[0037] In the figure, 1. molten metal droplet; 2. substrate; 3. raw material; 4. feeding mechanism; 5. flying plate; 6. elastic connector; 7. shell; 8. insulating layer; 9. rotating electrode; 10. transmission medium; 11. supporting bearing; 12. second bevel gear; 1201. first bevel gear; 1202. driving motor; 13. valve; 14. brush; 15. electromagnetic pulse coil; 16. pulse power supply; 17. rod; 18. wire; 19. powder; 20. liquid; 21. transmission medium channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figure 1-6 , a method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1, the raw materials are transferred through the feeding mechanism 4;

[0041] S2, pulse power supply 16 causes the raw material to produce metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs;

[0042] S3, the metal droplets are transferred to the bottom of the flying plate 5 under the action of the transmission medium 10;

[0043] S4, the electromagnetic pulse coil 15 on the flying plate 5 generates a magnetic field force to drive the flying plate 5 to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of the substrate 2 to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material;

[0044] S5. Repeat S1 to S4.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a manufacturing device suitable for the above-mentioned manufacturing method of an amorphous / nanocrystalline material, comprising: a pulse power supply 16, a substrate 2, a flying plate 5, a transmission medium channel 21 and a feeding mechanism 4;

[0046] The pulse power supply 16 is used to make the raw material produce metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs. The substrate 2 is arranged on both sides of the raw material, the flying plate 5 is located above the substrate, the transmission medium channel 21 is used for the transmission medium to pass through, the transmission medium 10 is used to transport the metal droplets to the bottom of the flying plate 5, the feeding mechanism 4 is used to transport the raw material, and an electromagnetic pulse coil 15 is arranged on the flying plate 5. The electromagnetic pulse coil 15 generates a magnetic field force to drive the flying plate 5 to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of the substrate 2 to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material.

[0047] The device further comprises a rotating electrode 9 and a driving device for driving the rotating electrode 9 to rotate. The rotating electrode 9 is covered with an insulating layer.

[0048] The two ends of the pulse power supply 16 are respectively connected to the raw material and the rotating electrode 9, and the molten metal droplet is produced under the action of the electric spark or short arc formed between the raw material and the rotating electrode 9. The molten metal droplet 1 is produced under the action of the electric spark or short arc formed between the raw material 3 and the rotating electrode 9. The purpose of connecting the two ends of the pulse power supply 16 to the raw material 3 and the rotating electrode 9 is to form an electric spark or a short arc between the rotating electrode 9 and the raw material 3 and then produce the molten metal droplet 1.

[0049] The two ends of the pulse power supply 16 are respectively connected to two different raw materials, and the metal droplets are generated under the action of the electric spark or short arc formed between the raw materials.

[0050] The raw material 3 can be selected from wire 18 or rod 17 (such as Figure 4 As shown), the selection of the rod 17 increases the contact area between the material and the rotating electrode 9, thereby improving the stability of the generation of the metal droplet 1.

[0051] There are three ways in which the metal droplet 1 is transferred by the transmission medium 10, such as Figure 1 , 5 -6, the transmission medium 10 is gas ( Figure 1 ), a mixture of gas and powder 19 ( Figure 5 ) or a mixture of gas and liquid 20 ( Figure 6 );

[0052] The transmission medium 10 is preferably designed to be a mixture of gas and powder 19 to improve the efficiency of generating the metal droplets 1 .

[0053] The liquid 20 is preferably a liquid cooling medium, which increases the cooling rate of the metal droplets and improves the amorphous content.

[0054] Also includes a housing 7;

[0055] The rotating electrode 9 is disposed in the housing 7 via a support bearing 11 .

[0056] An elastic connector 6 is provided between the flying plate 5 and the housing 7 to provide elastic force for the flying plate 5 so that the flying plate 5 can be retracted.

[0057] The drive unit includes:

[0058] A driving motor 1202, which drives the rotating electrode 9 to rotate through a bevel gear structure;

[0059] The driving motor 1202 is fixed on the housing 7, specifically:

[0060] One end of the driving motor 1202 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 7, and the other end (output end) drives the first bevel gear 1201 to rotate. The rotating electrode 9 is fixed in the second bevel gear 12. The second bevel gear 12 is meshed with the first bevel gear 1201. The driving motor 1202 drives the first bevel gear 1201 to rotate. The rotation of the first bevel gear 1201 drives the second bevel gear 12 to rotate. The rotation of the second bevel gear 12 drives the rotating electrode 9 to rotate.

[0061] A valve 13 is provided on the transmission medium channel 21 for controlling the transmission medium 10 .

[0062] The present invention utilizes a pulse power supply 16 to cause the raw material 3 to generate a molten metal droplet 1 under the action of an electric spark or a short arc, and transfers the molten metal droplet 1 to the bottom of the flying plate 5 under the action of a transmission medium 10, so as to prepare for the electromagnetic pulse coil 15 to generate a magnetic field force to drive the flying plate 5 to impact the molten metal droplet 1 onto the surface of the substrate 2 to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material.

[0063] In the present invention, the substrate 2 can be selectively arranged on the substrate holder or can be arranged separately, but the positions of the substrate 2 and the flying plate 5 should be ensured to correspond to each other, so that the flying plate 5 can impact the metal droplet 1 onto the surface of the substrate 2 to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material;

[0064] The flying plate 5 is arranged above the base plate 2 and can be fixed by a fixing seat or other fixing methods in the art, and there is no special requirement for this;

[0065] The electromagnetic pulse coil 15 on the flying board 5 is preferably controlled by an RLC oscillation circuit composed of a capacitor, a coil and a discharge circuit to generate an electromagnetic force. Figure 3 The circuit schematic diagram shown in the figure has the following specific principles:

[0066] The process principle of electromagnetic pulse is to use high-voltage capacitor to discharge electromagnetic pulse coil 15 instantaneously to form pulse current, so as to generate eddy current in the conductive flying plate adjacent to the coil, and generate instantaneous strong magnetic field accordingly. A mutually repulsive magnetic field force that changes with time is generated between electromagnetic pulse coil 15 and flying plate 5. Under the action of this magnetic field force, flying plate 5 causes metal droplet 1 to impact the surface of substrate 2 at high speed to form amorphous / nanocrystalline material.

[0067] The feeding mechanism 4 can be a conventional feeding mechanism in the art, and there is no special requirement for it. It can be connected to the device or set independently;

[0068] The transmission medium channel 21 is used to transport the transmission medium so that the metal droplet 1 can be moved to the bottom of the flying plate 5. It can be set separately or opened on the device. There is no special requirement for this.

[0069] The manufacturing method and manufacturing device of the present invention are described by taking a device with a rotating electrode as an example, as follows:

[0070] The raw material 3 is continuously approached to the rotating electrode 9 by the action of the feeding mechanism 4. The rotating electrode 9 is driven by the supporting bearing 11, the driving motor 1202, the first bevel gear 1201 and the second bevel gear 12 to rotate continuously and form a short arc with the raw material 3 that is continuously approaching. Under the action of the short arc, the raw material 3 is melted to produce a metal droplet 1. The metal droplet 1 is blown away by the transmission medium 10 under the action of the valve 13 and enters the bottom of the flying plate 5. Under the action of the magnetic field force generated by the electromagnetic pulse coil, the flying plate 5 causes the metal droplet 1 to hit the surface of the substrate 2 at high speed to form an amorphous / nanocrystalline material.

[0071] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material, characterized in that: The manufacturing is performed using a manufacturing device for amorphous / nanocrystalline materials, the manufacturing device comprising: a pulse power supply (16), a substrate (2), a flying plate (5), a transmission medium channel (21) and a feeding mechanism (4); The pulse power supply (16) is used to make the raw material produce metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs. The substrate (2) is arranged on both sides of the raw material. The flying plate (5) is located above the substrate (2). The transmission medium channel (21) is used for allowing the transmission medium (10) to pass through. The transmission medium (10) is used to transport the metal droplets to the bottom of the flying plate (5). The feeding mechanism (4) is used to transport the raw material. An electromagnetic pulse coil (15) is arranged on the flying plate (5). The electromagnetic pulse coil (15) generates a magnetic field force to drive the flying plate (5) to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of the substrate (2) to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: S1, raw materials are transferred through the feeding mechanism (4); S2, a pulse power supply (16) causes the raw material to produce metal droplets under the action of electric sparks or short arcs; S3, the metal droplets are transferred to the bottom of the flying plate (5) under the action of the transmission medium (10); S4, the electromagnetic pulse coil (15) on the flying plate (5) generates a magnetic field force to drive the flying plate (5) to impact the metal droplets onto the surface of the substrate (2) to form a dense amorphous / nanocrystalline material; S5. Repeat S1 to S4.

2. The method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating electrode (9) and a driving device for driving the rotating electrode (9) to rotate; The two ends of the pulse power supply (16) are respectively connected to the raw material and the rotating electrode (9), and the metal droplets are generated under the action of electric sparks or short arcs formed between the raw material and the rotating electrode (9).

3. The method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the pulse power supply (16) are respectively connected to two different raw materials, and the metal droplets are generated under the action of electric sparks or short arcs formed between the raw materials.

4. The method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission medium (10) is a gas, a mixture of gas and powder, or a mixture of gas and liquid.

5. The method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating electrode (9) is covered with an insulating layer.

6. The method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes a housing (7); The rotating electrode (9) is arranged in the housing (7) via a supporting bearing (11).

7. The method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material according to claim 6, characterized in that: An elastic connecting piece (6) is provided between the flying plate (5) and the housing (7).

8. The method for manufacturing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving device comprises: A driving motor (1202) drives the rotating electrode (9) to rotate via a bevel gear structure; The driving motor (1202) is fixed on the housing (7).

9. A method for producing an amorphous / nanocrystalline material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The transmission medium channel (21) is provided with a valve (13).

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