Mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method and device

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method and device. In the positioning method, an intermediate workpiece is formed based on machining parameters; a camera is used to obtain reference parameters of the relative position between the intermediate workpiece and a machining mechanism; the machining result of the intermediate workpiece is obtained after the intermediate workpiece is removed; in the case that the PV value of the error between the machining result and a preset machining result does not satisfy a preset value, the intermediate workpiece is installed to the machining mechanism, actual parameters of the relative position between the intermediate workpiece and the machining mechanism are obtained again, and new machining parameters are generated based on the difference between the reference parameters and the actual parameters and the machining result; the intermediate workpiece installed to the machining mechanism is machined based on the new machining parameters until the PV value of the machining result and the preset machining result satisfies the preset value. The positioning method can provide corresponding auxiliary action for the machining process of process structures such as free curved surfaces, and ensures that the machining precision of the formed process structures such as free curved surfaces is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology, specifically relating to a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method and device. Background Technology

[0002] With technological advancements, optical components have seen significant development driven by new processing and metrology techniques. Taking freeform surfaces as an example, compared to traditional spherical or other curved surfaces, freeform surfaces possess superior optical performance and are widely used in numerous fields such as new energy, lighting, aerospace, and biomedicine.

[0003] However, with the deepening of application scenarios, the accuracy requirements for freeform surfaces of workpieces are constantly increasing. Currently, in the machining process of freeform surfaces, the machining error is relatively large due to environmental factors, mechanical structural errors and vibrations, as well as tool wear. Furthermore, due to the influence of positioning methods and positioning accuracy, even if the workpiece is repeatedly machined based on the previous machining results, it may not be possible to further improve the machining accuracy of the freeform surface. Therefore, for the machining process of freeform surfaces and other process structures, there is an urgent need for a high-precision positioning method and device to provide corresponding assistance in the machining process of freeform surfaces and other process structures, ensuring that the machining accuracy of the resulting freeform surfaces and other process structures is relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method and device to provide corresponding assistance in the processing of free-form surfaces and other process structures, and to ensure that the processing accuracy of the formed free-form surfaces and other process structures is relatively high.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application disclose a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method, comprising:

[0006] The workpiece to be processed is mounted on the processing mechanism based on processing parameters to form an intermediate part, wherein the processing parameters are generated based on preset processing results;

[0007] The intermediate component and the processing mechanism are photographed using a camera to obtain reference parameters of the relative positions between the intermediate component and the processing mechanism;

[0008] Disassemble and obtain the processing results of the intermediate component;

[0009] If the PV value of the error between the processing result and the preset processing result does not meet the preset value, the intermediate component is installed on the processing mechanism, and the actual parameters of the relative position between the intermediate component and the processing mechanism are obtained again. Based on the difference between the reference parameter and the actual parameter, and the processing result, new processing parameters are generated.

[0010] The intermediate component installed on the processing mechanism is processed based on the new processing parameters until the PV value of the error between the processing result and the preset processing result meets the preset value.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application disclose a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device, which includes a processing mechanism and a position parameter acquisition mechanism. The processing mechanism includes a body, a fixture, and a cutting tool. The fixture, the cutting tool, and the position parameter acquisition mechanism are all mounted on the body. The fixture is used to clamp and fix the workpiece, the cutting tool is used to process the workpiece, and the position parameter acquisition mechanism is used to acquire parameters of the relative positions between components. The position parameter acquisition mechanism includes a camera and an eyepiece, and the eyepiece is located in the incident light path of the camera.

[0012] This application discloses a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method. In this positioning method, the processing parameters generated based on the preset processing results can be used as reference data for processing the workpiece to be processed, so that the workpiece to be processed can be processed into an intermediate part. Considering that the processing results of the intermediate part may not meet the preset processing results, before removing the intermediate part and measuring the processing results of the intermediate part, the positioning method also uses a camera to take pictures of the intermediate part and the processing mechanism to obtain the reference parameters of the relative position between the intermediate part and the processing mechanism. This provides reference data for the relative position between the intermediate part and the processing mechanism when it may be necessary to reinstall the intermediate part onto the processing mechanism for secondary processing.

[0013] Furthermore, if the PV value of the error between the intermediate part's processing result and the preset processing result does not meet the preset value, the intermediate part can be reinstalled on the machining mechanism, and the actual parameters of the relative position between the intermediate part and the machining mechanism can be obtained again. Using the difference between the aforementioned reference parameters and the actual parameters, it can be determined whether the intermediate part has displacement and / or rotation relative to the machining mechanism before and after disassembly and assembly, and the magnitude and direction of displacement, and / or the direction and angle of rotation can be determined as reference values ​​for adjusting the tool position in subsequent machining processes. At the same time, using the aforementioned processing result and the difference between the aforementioned reference parameters and the actual parameters, new processing parameters can be generated, that is, the data of the tool's movement path in the next machining process. Based on the aforementioned new processing parameters, the intermediate part installed on the machining mechanism is processed a second time to obtain a new intermediate part. Accordingly, the above process can still be used to judge whether the processing result of the new intermediate part meets the requirements, and if the PV value of the error between the intermediate part's processing result and the preset processing result meets the preset value, the intermediate part is considered to meet the requirements, and the target part is formed.

[0014] In the above positioning method, using a camera to acquire the positional changes of the intermediate component relative to the processing mechanism before and after disassembly and assembly can ensure that the acquired results have high accuracy. Furthermore, by incorporating the aforementioned positional changes into the processing of the workpiece, it is possible to prevent the new influencing factor of positional changes before and after disassembly and assembly of the intermediate component from adversely affecting the processing accuracy of the workpiece, thus ensuring that the workpiece has high processing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device disclosed in the embodiments of this application, including a position parameter acquisition mechanism.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0020] 1-Main body, 2-Clamping base, 3-Clamping body, 4-Position parameter acquisition mechanism, 5-Workpiece, 6-Cutting tool, 7-Computer, 8-Control computer, 9-Eyepiece, 10-Polarizing lens, 11-Variable focus objective lens, 12-Camera, 13-Light source. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, and in combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application discloses a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method. For ease of description, the above-mentioned mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method will be referred to as the "positioning method" below. Furthermore, by employing the positioning method disclosed in this application with the corresponding device, the required spherical, curved, or free-form surface and other process structures can be processed with greater precision, thereby ensuring that the processed structure has high processing accuracy.

[0024] In detail, such as Figure 1 As shown, the positioning method disclosed in this application includes:

[0025] S1. Process the workpiece to be processed installed on the processing mechanism based on the processing parameters to form an intermediate part, wherein the processing parameters are generated based on the preset processing results.

[0026] Specifically, the workpiece to be processed can be fixedly mounted on the fixture of the machining mechanism to ensure that the centerline (or axis) of the workpiece remains relatively stationary with respect to the main body of the machining mechanism. Simultaneously, before machining the workpiece, it is necessary to pre-determine the actual type of the desired machining structure and the corresponding process parameters. These process parameters are the preset machining results. Accordingly, based on the preset machining results, and after appropriate conversion, the machining path of the machining mechanism when machining the workpiece can be obtained. Specifically, this can include parameters such as the movement path of the cutting tool in the machining mechanism. These parameters collectively constitute the aforementioned machining parameters.

[0027] Ideally, the machining parameters generated from the preset machining results should produce a workpiece that meets the preset machining results. However, due to objective factors such as mechanical vibration and tool wear, the machining result of the workpiece after machining based on the above parameters may differ from the preset machining result. In this case, the workpiece needs to be re-machined to overcome the influence of objective factors in the previous machining process as much as possible, so that the machining result of the workpiece after the second machining meets the preset machining result.

[0028] Based on the above, after step S1, the localization method further includes:

[0029] S2. Use a camera to photograph the intermediate parts and the processing mechanism to obtain the reference parameters of the relative positions between the intermediate parts and the processing mechanism.

[0030] As described above, during a single processing cycle of the workpiece, it is always fixed to the fixture of the processing mechanism. Simultaneously, the processing result of the intermediate part formed after the processing mechanism completes the processing of the workpiece based on the processing parameters may or may not meet the preset process results. To determine whether the processing result of the intermediate part after the previous processing meets the preset process results, it is necessary to measure the processing result of the intermediate part. If the processing result of the intermediate part does not meet the preset process results, further processing of the intermediate part is required. To ensure that the relative position between the intermediate part and the fixture of the processing mechanism does not change due to the disassembly and reassembly of the intermediate part during subsequent processing, thus introducing new influencing factors into the processing process, before removing the intermediate part, it is necessary to obtain the relative position between the intermediate part (after the previous processing cycle) and other stationary components such as the fixture of the processing mechanism relative to the ground or other reference objects, which is still in place, to provide calibration for subsequent processing.

[0031] Specifically, a camera can be used to photograph the intermediate component and the machining mechanism. By utilizing the image of their relative positions, reference parameters of their relative positions in corresponding orientations can be obtained. This technical solution reduces measurement difficulty while ensuring relatively high measurement accuracy. Furthermore, a computer can be used to connect the camera, the control computer of the machining mechanism, and the measurement mechanism for the machining results (mentioned below). Based on corresponding algorithms, the required parameters (such as the new machining parameters mentioned below) can be automatically obtained, further reducing the machining difficulty of the workpiece and improving the level of automation.

[0032] Following step S2 above, the positioning method further includes:

[0033] S3. Remove and obtain the processing result of the intermediate component. Specifically, the intermediate component can be separated from the processing mechanism by removing it from the fixture. In another embodiment of this application, a combined fixture can also be used to provide clamping and fixing function for the workpiece to be processed. The combined fixture typically includes a fixture base and a fixture body, wherein the fixture base always maintains a relatively fixed relationship with the body of the processing mechanism, and the fixture body can be fixedly connected to the fixture base in a detachable manner.

[0034] In this scenario, when it is necessary to measure the machining results of the intermediate component, the fixture body and the clamping and fixing components can be removed together. This reduces the difficulty of disassembling and assembling the intermediate component, and also minimizes relative movement between the intermediate component and the machining mechanism's body (or fixture holder) during subsequent reinstallation. Furthermore, when using the aforementioned technical solution, during step S2, the fixture body, a component with relatively prominent structural features and a shape that does not change, can be used as a calibration device to obtain the reference parameters of the relative position between the intermediate component and the machining mechanism's body (or fixture holder). This reduces the difficulty of measuring the reference parameters and improves their measurement accuracy.

[0035] Accordingly, after the intermediate part is removed from the self-machining mechanism, the machining result of the intermediate part can be measured offline. Compared with on-machine measurement, offline measurement can prevent the error of the axial movement of the machining mechanism itself from being hidden in the measurement process, thus improving the measurement accuracy of the machining result. Specifically, a contact profilometer can be used to measure the machining result of the process structure formed on the intermediate part to obtain a more accurate measurement result.

[0036] As described above, by comparing the processing results of the intermediate component with the preset processing results, it can be determined whether the processing results of the intermediate component that completed the previous processing step meet the requirements. Of course, if the requirements are met, then the intermediate component is the required target component; correspondingly, if the requirements are not met, then the intermediate component that completed the previous processing step needs to be processed again.

[0037] Among them, the specific element used as the standard to judge whether the processing result of the intermediate meets the requirements can be the PV value (Peak to Valley) of the error. Based on factors such as the accuracy of the process structure to be formed by the required processing, the actual value of the preset value of the PV value of the error between the aforementioned processing result and the preset processing result can be determined. Then, by comparing the PV value of the error between the processing result and the preset processing result with the aforementioned preset value, it can be determined whether the intermediate that completed the previous processing process meets the requirements.

[0038] Accordingly, the positioning methods also include:

[0039] S4. If the PV value of the error between the processing result and the preset processing result does not meet the preset value, the intermediate part is reinstalled on the processing mechanism, and the actual parameters of the relative position between the intermediate part and the processing mechanism are obtained again. Based on the difference between the reference parameters and the actual parameters, as well as the above processing result, new processing parameters are generated.

[0040] Specifically, if the intermediate part from the previous machining process does not meet the requirements, it needs to be reinstalled on the machining mechanism for further processing. Simultaneously, the machining results from the previous process can serve as reference data for the next machining process, adjusting the tool's preset machining path. Furthermore, considering that the position of the intermediate part relative to the machining mechanism may change before and after disassembly and reassembly, this positional change also needs to be used as reference data for the next machining process to adjust the tool's initial machining position (or the entire machining path) accordingly, ensuring that the actual machining path of the tool remains consistent with the preset machining path obtained in the previous process. Accordingly, based on the aforementioned machining results and the difference between the baseline parameters and the actual parameters, the resulting tool machining path and other parameters constitute new machining parameters. Of course, during the disassembly and reassembly of the intermediate part, it is also possible that the position of the intermediate part remains unchanged before and after disassembly and reassembly; in this case, the actual parameters are the same as the baseline parameters.

[0041] When new processing parameters are obtained, the positioning method also includes:

[0042] S5. Based on the new processing parameters, process the intermediate part installed on the processing mechanism until the PV value of the error between the processing result of the new intermediate part and the preset processing result meets the preset value. Then, the new intermediate part is considered to meet the requirements and forms the target part. Specifically, the process of processing the intermediate part based on the new processing parameters is basically the same as the initial processing process of the workpiece to be processed. The difference is that the specific values ​​of the processing parameters may be different. For the sake of text brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0043] This application discloses a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method. In this positioning method, the processing parameters generated based on the preset processing results can be used as reference data for processing the workpiece to be processed, so that the workpiece to be processed can be processed into an intermediate part. Considering that the processing results of the intermediate part may not meet the preset processing results, before removing the intermediate part and measuring the processing results of the intermediate part, the positioning method also uses a camera to take pictures of the intermediate part and the processing mechanism to obtain the reference parameters of the relative position between the intermediate part and the processing mechanism. This provides reference data for the relative position between the intermediate part and the processing mechanism when it may be necessary to reinstall the intermediate part onto the processing mechanism for secondary processing.

[0044] Furthermore, if the PV value of the error between the intermediate part's processing result and the preset processing result does not meet the preset value, the intermediate part can be reinstalled on the machining mechanism, and the actual parameters of the relative position between the intermediate part and the machining mechanism can be obtained again. Using the difference between the aforementioned reference parameters and the actual parameters, it can be determined whether the intermediate part has displacement and / or rotation relative to the machining mechanism before and after disassembly and assembly, and the magnitude and direction of displacement, and / or the direction and angle of rotation can be determined as reference values ​​for adjusting the tool position in subsequent machining processes. At the same time, using the aforementioned processing result and the difference between the aforementioned reference parameters and the actual parameters, new processing parameters can be generated, that is, the data of the tool's movement path in the next machining process. Based on the aforementioned new processing parameters, the intermediate part installed on the machining mechanism is processed a second time to obtain a new intermediate part. Accordingly, the above process can still be used to judge whether the processing result of the new intermediate part meets the requirements, and if the PV value of the error between the intermediate part's processing result and the preset processing result meets the preset value, the intermediate part is considered to meet the requirements, and the target part is formed.

[0045] In the above positioning method, using a camera to acquire the positional changes of the intermediate component relative to the processing mechanism before and after disassembly and assembly can ensure that the acquired results have high accuracy. Furthermore, by incorporating the aforementioned positional changes into the processing of the workpiece, it is possible to prevent the new influencing factor of positional changes before and after disassembly and assembly of the intermediate component from adversely affecting the processing accuracy of the workpiece, thus ensuring that the workpiece has high processing accuracy.

[0046] To improve the accuracy of obtaining the relative positional relationship between the intermediate parts and the machining mechanism, further, the following is included before step S2:

[0047] The incident light path of the camera is parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft of the machining mechanism, wherein the workpiece to be processed is mounted on the main shaft of the machining mechanism. That is, in the positioning method disclosed in this application embodiment, before using the camera to obtain the relative positional relationship between the intermediate part and the machining mechanism, the orientation of the camera is adjusted to ensure that the incident light path of the camera is parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft of the machining mechanism. Therefore, when using the camera to obtain the parameters of the relative position between the intermediate part and the machining mechanism, it can be ensured that the intermediate part (or fixture body) is basically facing the camera. This can improve the shooting accuracy of the camera, and when determining the positional relationship between the intermediate part and the machining mechanism before and after disassembly, it can further improve the measurement accuracy of the positional change of the intermediate part, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the intermediate part.

[0048] Of course, when adopting the above technical solution, a corresponding rotation mechanism needs to be set for the camera in the corresponding positioning device to ensure that the camera has the ability to rotate relative to the main shaft of the processing mechanism. Then, by controlling the rotation mechanism to rotate at a corresponding angle, the incident light path of the camera can be adjusted to be parallel to the axis of the main shaft of the processing mechanism after the workpiece to be processed is installed on the processing mechanism.

[0049] Based on the above-mentioned mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the illustration, this application also discloses a mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device, hereinafter referred to as the positioning device. The positioning device can use the above-described positioning method to process the workpiece to form the required process structure on the workpiece.

[0050] The positioning device includes a machining mechanism and a position parameter acquisition mechanism 4. The machining mechanism is used to process the workpiece, and the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 is used to acquire parameters of the relative positions between the components. Of course, during the secondary processing of the machining mechanism, the aforementioned parameters are used to assist in the processing of the workpiece 5.

[0051] The machining mechanism includes a body 1, a fixture, and a cutting tool 6. The body 1 is the main structure of the machining mechanism and can be fixedly installed on a mounting surface such as the laboratory floor using bolts or other connecting parts to provide a mounting base for other components or mechanisms within the machining mechanism. Specifically, the fixture, cutting tool 6, and position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 can all be installed on the body 1 using bolts or other connecting parts, and the relative positional relationships between the components can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0052] In the positioning device, a fixture is used to clamp and fix workpiece 5, which is the workpiece to be processed, specifically including workpiece 5 that has not undergone any processing and workpiece 5 that has undergone one or more processing processes. A cutting tool 6 is used to process workpiece 5 to form the required process structure on workpiece 5. A position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 is used to acquire parameters of the relative positions between components, so as to provide information on the changes in the relative position between workpiece 5 and the machine body 1 (or fixture) of the processing equipment during repeated processing, preventing changes in the relative position of workpiece 5 with the machine body 1 (or fixture) of the processing equipment during different processing processes due to the disassembly and assembly of workpiece 5, and preventing adverse effects on the processing accuracy of workpiece 5.

[0053] Specifically, the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 includes a camera 12 and an eyepiece 9, with the eyepiece 9 located in the incident light path of the camera 12. That is, in the positioning device disclosed in this application embodiment, the camera 12 is used to acquire parameters of the relative positions between components, which ensures high accuracy of the aforementioned parameters and reduces the difficulty of acquisition. Simultaneously, the eyepiece 9 provides magnification, resulting in relatively high clarity of the images captured by the camera 12. This allows for more accurate measurement results when comparing the relative positional changes of the workpiece 5 before and after disassembly and assembly with the body 1 (or fixture) of the processing mechanism.

[0054] Furthermore, during the operation of the positioning device, offline measuring mechanisms such as contact profilometers are used to measure the processing results of workpiece 5 after a single processing cycle to determine whether the processing results of workpiece 5 after the previous processing cycle meet the requirements. Simultaneously, computer 7 enables the control computer 8 of the processing mechanism, the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4, and the offline measuring mechanism to form a linkage relationship. This allows computer 7 to provide corresponding processing parameters for the next processing cycle based on the measurement results of the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 and the offline measuring mechanism, ensuring that the technological structure formed on workpiece 5 has high precision.

[0055] Furthermore, the positioning device disclosed in this application embodiment also includes a rotation mechanism. The position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 is mounted on the machine body 1 through the rotation mechanism, ensuring that the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 can rotate relative to the machine body 1 to change the orientation of the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4, that is, the extension direction of its incident light path. In this case, before using the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 to acquire the parameters of the relative position between the workpiece 5 and the machine body 1 (or fixture) of the processing equipment, the incident light path of the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 can be made parallel to the spindle in the machine body 1 of the processing equipment used to mount the workpiece 5. This can improve the accuracy of the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 in acquiring the relative position between components, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece 5. More specifically, the rotation axis of the rotation mechanism can be determined to be single-axis or multi-axis based on the relative positional relationship between the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 and the spindle of the processing equipment.

[0056] To further improve the accuracy of the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 in acquiring the relative positions between components, optionally, in the positioning device disclosed in this application embodiment, the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 further includes a light source 13. The light source 13 can provide supplementary lighting for the components whose position information is acquired, which can further improve the image clarity of the camera 12. Considering that when using the camera 12 to photograph the workpiece 5, it is necessary to distribute the camera 12 and the workpiece 5 along the axial direction of the spindle of the processing equipment (i.e., the extension direction of the incident light path of the camera 12). Furthermore, in order to further enhance the supplementary lighting effect of the light source 13, the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 also includes a polarizing mirror 10. The polarizing mirror 10 is tilted in the light path of the camera 12, and the light source 13 is disposed on one side of the polarizing mirror 10 so that the polarizing mirror 10 can transmit the light source of the camera 12. By setting the tilt angle of the polarizing mirror 10 relative to the light path of the camera 12, and the relative position of the light source 13 and the polarizing mirror 10, the polarizing mirror 10 can reflect the light source 13 to the object being photographed, thereby providing supplementary lighting for the workpiece 5 and other objects being photographed.

[0057] As described above, the eyepiece 9 can provide a certain zoom magnification for the camera 12. In order to further improve the shooting capability of the camera 12, the position parameter acquisition mechanism 4 can also include a variable focus objective lens 11, and the variable focus objective lens 11 is located in the incident light path of the eyepiece 9. Under the dual magnification effect of the variable focus objective lens 11 and the eyepiece 9, the shooting effect of the camera 12 can be further improved. In the event of changes in factors such as the size and installation position of the workpiece 5, the zoom magnification of the variable focus objective lens 11 can be adjusted to ensure that the camera 12 can obtain a relatively clear shooting image while the distance between the camera 12 and the workpiece 5 remains unchanged. This prevents the light path of the camera 12 from being skewed due to the need to adjust the position of the camera 12 according to the specific position of the workpiece 5, and reduces the adjustment difficulty of the camera 12.

[0058] In the aforementioned positioning device, in order to determine whether the processing result of the workpiece 5 after completing the previous processing process meets the requirements, it is necessary to remove the workpiece 5 from the processing equipment and measure it. During the process of removing and installing the workpiece 5, the workpiece 5 can be removed from the fixture separately. In another embodiment of this application, the fixture includes a fixture base 2 and a fixture body 3. The fixture base 2 is fixedly installed on the machine body 1, and the fixture body 3 is detachably fixedly installed on the fixture base 2. The fixture base 2 is used to clamp and fix the workpiece 5. In this case, when it is necessary to remove the workpiece 5 to measure the machining result, the fixture body 3 and the workpiece 5 can be removed from the fixture seat 2 together. When the workpiece 5 is reinstalled onto the machine body 1 of the machining equipment, the connection features on the fixture body 3 and the fixture seat 2 can make the displacement and / or rotation of the workpiece 5 relative to the machine body 1 (or fixture seat 2) before and after removal and installation relatively small, thereby reducing the difficulty of adjusting the tool 6. Moreover, the structure of the fixture body 3 remains unchanged. By using the fixture body 3 as the anchor value for the position of the workpiece 5, the difficulty of obtaining the displacement and / or rotation of the workpiece 5 can be reduced, and the accuracy of obtaining the displacement and / or rotation can be improved, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece 5.

[0059] To further improve the accuracy of determining the displacement and / or rotation of the workpiece 5 relative to the fixture seat 2 before and after disassembly using the structure of the fixture body 3, a comparison mark may optionally be formed on the photographed surface of the fixture body 3. Specifically, the comparison mark may be a groove-shaped structure and / or a raised structure, and the extended shape of the comparison mark can be flexibly determined according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0060] When the above technical solution is adopted, when the displacement and / or rotation of the workpiece 5 relative to the fixture seat 2 is obtained by taking pictures before and after disassembly, the displacement and / or rotation of the fixture body 3 relative to the fixture seat 2 can be further accurately determined by comparison marks, so as to further improve the machining accuracy of the workpiece 5.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the clamp body 3 can be used to provide clamping and fixing function for the workpiece 5. Specifically, in the positioning device disclosed in this application embodiment, the clamp body 3 has multiple clamping surfaces, and the multiple clamping surfaces correspond to and fit with the multiple clamped surfaces of the workpiece 5. The number and specific distribution of the clamping surfaces can be selected according to the actual situation of the workpiece 5, and are not limited here.

[0062] Furthermore, when it is necessary to measure the machining result of workpiece 5, the fixture body 3 and workpiece 5 can be removed from the fixture base 2 together. Considering that the fixture body 3 and workpiece 5 are actually two separate components, and that during the measurement process, factors such as vibration may cause slight relative movement (and / or relative rotation) between the fixture body 3 and workpiece 5, furthermore, the machining accuracy of each clamping surface in the fixture body 3 meets the positioning accuracy of workpiece 5, to prevent the low positioning accuracy of workpiece 5 due to the low machining accuracy of the fixture body 3, which would make it difficult for the machining result of workpiece 5 to meet the preset machining result. More specifically, the accuracy of the fixture body 3 can meet or basically meet the maximum accuracy that workpiece 5 can be machined to. In this case, the clamping and fixing accuracy of the fixture body 3 on workpiece 5 can be further improved, preventing the introduction of new influencing factors into the machining process of workpiece 5, and ensuring that the machining accuracy that workpiece 5 can achieve can be met by the machining process of the machining mechanism.

[0063] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0064] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method, characterized in that, include: The workpiece to be processed is mounted on the processing mechanism based on processing parameters to form an intermediate part. The processing parameters are generated based on preset processing results. The processing mechanism includes a machine body and a fixture. The fixture includes a fixture base and a fixture body. The fixture base is fixedly mounted on the machine body. The fixture body is detachably fixedly mounted on the fixture base. The fixture body is used to clamp and fix the workpiece to be processed. The photographed surface of the fixture body has a comparison mark. The intermediate component and the processing mechanism are photographed using a camera to obtain reference parameters of the relative positions between the intermediate component and the processing mechanism; Remove the fixture body and the intermediate component clamped in the fixture body, and obtain the processing result of the intermediate component; If the PV value of the error between the processing result and the preset processing result does not meet the preset value, the intermediate part is installed on the processing mechanism, and the actual parameters of the relative position between the intermediate part and the processing mechanism are obtained again. Based on the difference between the reference parameter and the actual parameter, and the processing result, new processing parameters are generated. When the intermediate part is reinstalled on the machine body, the connection features on the fixture body and the fixture seat are used to make the displacement and / or rotation of the intermediate part relative to the fixture seat before and after disassembly and assembly small. The intermediate part installed on the processing mechanism is processed based on the new processing parameters until the PV value of the error between the processing result and the preset processing result meets the preset value; wherein, when the displacement and / or rotation of the intermediate part relative to the fixture seat is obtained by using the images taken before and after disassembly, the displacement and / or rotation of the fixture body relative to the fixture seat is accurately determined by the comparison mark.

2. The mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to obtaining the reference parameters for the relative position between the intermediate parts and the machining mechanism, the following steps were also taken: The incident light path of the camera is parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft of the processing mechanism, wherein the workpiece to be processed is mounted on the main shaft of the processing mechanism.

3. A mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device, employing the mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device includes a processing mechanism and a position parameter acquisition mechanism. The processing mechanism includes a body, a fixture, and a cutting tool. The fixture, the cutting tool, and the position parameter acquisition mechanism are all mounted on the body. The fixture is used to clamp and fix the workpiece. The fixture includes a fixture base and a fixture body. The fixture base is fixedly mounted on the body, and the fixture body is detachably fixedly mounted on the fixture base. The fixture body is used to clamp and fix the workpiece. The photographed surface of the fixture body has a comparison mark. The cutting tool is used to process the workpiece. The position parameter acquisition mechanism is used to acquire parameters of the relative position between components. The position parameter acquisition mechanism includes a camera and an eyepiece. The eyepiece is located in the incident light path of the camera.

4. The mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a rotating mechanism, through which the position parameter acquisition mechanism is mounted on the machine body.

5. The mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The position parameter acquisition mechanism also includes a light source and a polarizing filter. The polarizing filter is obliquely disposed in the light path of the camera. The light source is disposed on one side of the polarizing filter. The polarizing filter is used to transmit the light source of the camera and reflect the light from the light source to the object being photographed.

6. The mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The position parameter acquisition mechanism also includes a variable focus objective lens, which is located in the incident light path of the eyepiece.

7. The mechanical-microscopic vision composite positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixture body has multiple clamping surfaces, and each of the multiple clamping surfaces corresponds to and fits into one of the multiple clamped surfaces of the workpiece. The machining accuracy of each clamping surface meets the positioning accuracy of the workpiece.

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