A high-efficiency and low-consumption reaction device for removing heavy metals from waste acid in non-ferrous metal smelting

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal heavy metal reaction device, wherein a feeder is connected to a mixing reactor feed port through a pipeline; the feeder is an annular structure and the front end is connected to a waste acid supply device and the rear end is connected to a mixing reactor feed port, and the feeder is circumferentially evenly distributed with at least two sulfiding agent introduction holes, which are connected to the sulfiding agent supply device; the mixing reactor is a tubular structure and is internally provided with a plurality of baffles, each baffle being circumferentially evenly distributed along the inner wall of the mixing reactor. The present invention provides a sulfiding agent introduction hole on the feeder, so that the sulfiding agent can be evenly added to the waste acid; a plurality of baffles are provided in the mixing reactor, so that the materials can be further mixed and reacted quickly, thereby utilizing fluid flow and internal structure to achieve mixing and reaction to remove heavy metal impurities without moving parts inside, and has the characteristics of compact structure, high efficiency, low energy consumption, small size, low investment, and easy continuous production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, and in particular to a non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid heavy metal removal reaction device with compact structure, high efficiency, low energy consumption, small size, low investment and easy continuous production. Background Art

[0002] Waste acid is widely present in the copper, lead, zinc and other non-ferrous metal smelting industries. The most typical example is the waste acid produced by flue gas purification. Since waste acid contains valuable metals such as lead, mercury, selenium, and silver, as well as pollutants such as arsenic, chlorine, and fluorine, it has the characteristics of high pollutant concentration, complex composition, and different properties. It not only easily causes serious harm to the surrounding environment, but also causes waste of arsenic resources, dilute acid resources and heavy metal resources.

[0003] At present, the mainstream technology for treating waste acid is the sulfidation + lime iron salt method, which first removes heavy metals through a sulfidation reaction, and then undergoes multi-stage lime neutralization for treatment. One stage of lime neutralization controls the pH value to 3-4, mainly producing gypsum slag; the second stage of lime neutralization controls the pH value to 10-11, producing neutralized slag, which is then treated by adding iron salts, sodium sulfide, etc. until the water quality meets the standards. In the sulfidation reaction technology, equipment such as hydrogen sulfide reaction tanks, hydrogen sulfide absorption towers, tail gas scrubbers, and sodium hydroxide circulation tanks are generally used. However, the various sulfidation equipment mentioned above often have problems such as poor mixing reaction, low reaction efficiency, and the need to set up multi-stage reaction equipment, which in turn leads to large investment, high energy consumption, and high operating costs for waste acid treatment sulfidation equipment. In addition, existing vulcanization equipment is generally equipped with motion mechanisms such as multi-stage pumping, motor rotary stirring, air blowing stirring, and pump forced circulation to ensure full contact between the vulcanizing agent and the waste acid, thereby improving the efficiency of the vulcanization reaction and the vulcanization rate of heavy metals in the waste acid. However, the presence of the aforementioned various motion mechanisms not only leads to increased energy consumption and thus increases the cost of waste acid treatment, but the strong acid environment also increases the maintenance cost of the motion mechanisms and reduces production efficiency. Moreover, due to the high acidity of the waste acid, adding sulfide to the waste acid will produce a large amount of highly toxic H2S gas. However, due to the existence of the motion mechanism of the existing equipment, the connection parts of the equipment inevitably have the problem of H2S gas escaping, which not only leads to a poor operating environment for personnel, but also causes secondary pollution to the environment due to overflow. Therefore, most of the existing sulfidation equipment can only use sulfiding agent solutions rather than gaseous sulfide, making it impossible to select the appropriate sulfiding agent according to local conditions to reduce costs. In addition, the existing direct addition of sulfide also has the problem of low sulfidation efficiency and the heavy metal sulfidation rate in the waste acid is less than 50%, which leads to low heavy metal recovery rate and high sulfide consumption.

[0004] Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a vulcanization device with compact structure, high efficiency, low energy consumption, small size, low investment and easy continuous production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal heavy metal reaction device with compact structure, high efficiency, low energy consumption, small size, low investment, and easy continuous production.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: comprising a feeder and a mixing reactor, wherein the feeder is connected to a feed port of the mixing reactor through a pipeline;

[0007] The feeder is an annular structure with its front end connected to the waste acid supply device and its rear end connected to the feed port of the mixing reactor through a pipeline. At least two sulfiding agent introduction holes are evenly distributed on the wall of the feeder in the circumferential direction. The sulfiding agent introduction holes are connected to the supply pipeline of the sulfiding agent supply device.

[0008] The mixing reactor is a tubular structure and has a plurality of baffles arranged therein at intervals along the axial direction. The baffles in the mixing reactor are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the mixing reactor.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0010] 1. The present invention has at least two sulfiding agent introduction holes uniformly distributed circumferentially on the annular feeder, so that the sulfiding agent can be evenly added to the dirty acid; and multiple baffles are provided in the mixing reactor to further quickly mix and react the materials. As a result, the entire device has no moving parts inside, and utilizes fluid flow and internal structure to achieve uniform mixing and rapid and complete reaction between the media and effective removal of heavy metal impurities. Therefore, there is no need to set up a separate reaction device, which can effectively simplify the structure of the device and reduce the floor space. In addition, no energy is consumed during the sulfidation reaction.

[0011] 2. Since the feeder and mixing reactor of the present invention have no moving parts, a closed feeding and sulfurization reaction chamber can be formed, thereby avoiding the problem of H2S gas overflow and polluting the environment. Therefore, gaseous, liquid and mixed sulfurizing agents can be selected according to local conditions for sulfurization reaction to reduce sulfurization costs. In addition, the present invention can also be applied to other gas / gas reaction, gas / liquid reaction and liquid / liquid reaction processes.

[0012] 3. The mixing reactor of the present invention is cleverly equipped with multiple baffles, especially cylinders are arranged between the baffles, so that the fluid movement in the mixing reactor follows the law of "division-displacement-overlap", which can not only fully mix the materials, but also the blocking effect of the baffles and cylinders can extend the residence time of the sulfiding agent in the waste acid, so that the liquid sulfiding agent and the H2S gas generated after sulfidation can fully contact the waste acid, thereby improving the diffusion efficiency of the sulfiding agent in the waste acid. When the flow rate increases to a certain value, many small vortices will be generated in the flow field, so that the materials can be further quickly mixed and reacted.

[0013] 4. The present invention further provides an ORP detector connected to the control system on the rear end pipeline of the mixing reactor, and provides a sulfiding agent control valve connected to the control system on the sulfiding agent supply pipeline connected to the sulfiding agent inlet hole, so that the redox potential of the waste acid is detected by the ORP detector and transmitted to the control system. The control system can automatically adjust the sulfiding agent control valve according to the preset value to effectively control the amount of sulfiding agent added, thereby realizing the automation and continuous production of the sulfiding reaction process, so that no operator intervention is required in the middle of the sulfiding reaction process, which can avoid contact with highly toxic H2S gas and reduce the labor intensity of the operator.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the characteristics of compact structure, high efficiency, low energy consumption, small size, low investment, and easy continuous production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA direction rotation section enlarged view;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB direction cross-sectional enlarged view;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The enlarged CC section view;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 1 DD-direction cross-sectional enlarged view;

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 1 EE-direction cross-sectional enlarged view;

[0021] Figure 7 This is the second structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the baffle of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cylindrical three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1-feeder, 101-sulfurizing agent inlet hole, 102-sulfurizing agent inlet pipe, 103-stepped hole, 104-screw hole, 105-connecting hole, 2-mixing reactor, 3-baffle, 4-cylinder, 401-round bottom groove, 402-flat bottom groove, 5-ORP detector, 6-bolt, 7-pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention includes a feeder 1 and a mixing reactor 2, wherein the feeder 1 is connected to the feed port of the mixing reactor 2 through a pipeline 8;

[0027] The feeder 1 is an annular structure with its front end connected to the waste acid supply device and its rear end connected to the feed port of the mixing reactor 2 through a pipeline. At least two sulfiding agent introduction holes 101 are evenly distributed on the tube wall of the feeder 1 in the circumferential direction. The sulfiding agent introduction holes 101 are connected to the supply pipeline of the sulfiding agent supply device;

[0028] like Figure 1 and 7 As shown, the mixing reactor 2 is a tubular structure and a plurality of baffles 3 are arranged inside the mixing reactor 2 at intervals along the axial direction. The baffles 3 in the mixing reactor 2 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the mixing reactor 2 .

[0029] The baffle 3 is inserted into the mixing reactor 2 at an angle of 100-140 degrees to the medium flow direction, and the radial height of the baffle 3 inserted into the mixing reactor 2 is 1 / 4-1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the mixing reactor 2.

[0030] A cylinder 4 is further provided between adjacent baffles 3 in the mixing reactor 2 , and the axis of the cylinder 4 bisects the projections of the left and right center lines of the adjacent baffles 3 on the radial surface of the mixing reactor 2 .

[0031] The surface of the cylinder 4 is provided with a round-bottomed groove 401 or a flat-bottomed groove 402 extending axially. The depth of the round-bottomed groove 401 or the flat-bottomed groove 402 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the cylinder 4 and the length is greater than 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the mixing reactor 2.

[0032] The axis of the cylinder 4 is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the mixing reactor 2 , and the round-bottomed groove 401 or the flat-bottomed groove 402 on the cylinder 4 in the mixing reactor 2 faces the flow direction of the medium.

[0033] The axis of the sulfiding agent introduction hole 101 is at an angle of 90-135° to the flow direction of the dirty acid and intersects with the axis of the feeder 1 .

[0034] like Figure 7As shown, the outer wall of the feeder 1 is provided with an inwardly extending sulfiding agent introduction pipe 102. The sulfiding agent introduction hole 101 is coaxially arranged in the sulfiding agent introduction pipe 102. The radial height of the sulfiding agent introduction pipe 102 extending into the feeder 1 is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the feeder 1. The sulfiding agent introduction pipe allows the sulfiding agent and the waste acid to fully contact and quickly mix.

[0035] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the vulcanizing agent introduction hole 101 is a stepped hole 103 that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside. The vulcanizing agent introduction hole 101 is further provided with a screw hole 104 connected to a vulcanizing agent supply device on the outside of the stepped hole 103 .

[0036] like Figure 1 and 7 As shown, the feeder 1 of the annular structure is provided with a plurality of connection holes 105 which are connected to the flanges of the front and rear end pipelines at intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0037] The axial flow velocity of the medium in the feeder 1 and / or the mixing reactor 2 is not less than 1 m / s and the pressure is not higher than 0.6 MPa.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, an ORP (oxidation-reduction potential) detector 5 is provided on the rear end pipeline of the mixing reactor 2, and a sulfiding agent control valve is provided on the sulfiding agent supply pipeline connected to the sulfiding agent inlet hole 101 of the feeder 1. The signal output end of the ORP detector 5 is electrically connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the control end of the sulfiding agent control valve is electrically connected to the output end of the control system.

[0039] The mixing reactor 2 is disposed 0.3 to 1 m behind the feeder 1 , and the ORP detector 5 is disposed 2 to 5 m behind the mixing reactor 1 .

[0040] The control system is a single chip microcomputer, a PC or a PLC, the ORP detector 5 is any commercially available corrosion-resistant ORP detector, and the sulfiding agent control valve is a solenoid valve.

[0041] The feeder 1 is provided with 2 to 10 sulfiding agent introduction holes 101 evenly distributed on the circumference thereof, and the mixing reactor 2 is provided with 4 to 8 baffles 3 spaced apart along the axial direction.

[0042] The sulfiding agent is a sulfur-containing aqueous solution such as sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, ferrous sulfide, or a sulfur-containing gas such as hydrogen sulfide.

[0043] The working principle and working process of the present invention:

[0044] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the feeder 1 is mounted on a vertical or horizontal pipeline. The axial front end of the feeder 1 is connected to the dirty acid medium pipeline. The sulfiding agent inlet 101 is connected to the sulfiding agent supply pipeline. A sulfiding agent control valve connected to the sulfiding agent supply pipeline is installed on the sulfiding agent supply pipeline. The mixing reactor 2 is connected 0.3 to 1 meter behind the feeder 1 and is located on the same horizontal or vertical pipeline as the feeder 1. An ORP detector 5 connected to the control system is installed on the pipeline 2 to 5 meters behind the mixing reactor 2.

[0045] After the device is started, the control system controls the dirty acid medium system to feed dirty acid into the feeder 1, and at the same time controls the opening of the sulfiding agent control valve according to the preset value to control the amount of sulfiding agent added. The sulfiding agent is injected into the dirty acid medium in the feeder 1 from the sulfiding agent inlet hole 101 to achieve preliminary mixing; the mixed fluid in the feeder 1 flows into the mixing reactor 2. Due to the alternating blocking effect of the baffle 3 and the cylinder 4, the fluid movement in the mixing reactor 2 follows the law of "division-displacement-overlap", achieving sufficient mixing between the media, and the blocking effect of the baffle 3 and the cylinder 4 can also extend the residence time of the sulfiding agent in the dirty acid, allowing the liquid sulfiding agent and the H2S gas generated after sulfidation to fully contact the dirty acid, thereby improving the diffusion efficiency of the sulfiding agent in the dirty acid. When the fluid flow rate in the mixing reactor 2 increases to a certain value, many small vortices will be generated in the flow field, causing the materials to further quickly mix and react. After the sulfidation reaction, the fluid flows out of mixing reactor 2. An ORP meter 5 on the rear side monitors the redox potential of the waste acid in real time and transmits this information to the control system. The control system automatically controls the opening of the sulfiding agent control valve according to preset settings to adjust the amount of sulfiding agent added to fully sulfidize the heavy metals in the waste acid. After approximately 20 minutes of sedimentation, the sulfided waste acid medium achieves solid-liquid separation. The supernatant can be sent to the next step for further processing. The bottom sludge is filtered to form a sulfided slag for further recovery of valuable metals.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal heavy metal reaction device, characterized in that It comprises a feeder (1) and a mixing reactor (2), wherein the feeder (1) is connected to the feed port of the mixing reactor (2) through a pipeline; The feeder (1) is an annular structure, with the front end connected to the dirty acid supply device and the rear end connected to the feed port of the mixing reactor (2) through a pipeline. At least two sulfiding agent introduction holes (101) are evenly distributed on the tube wall of the feeder (1), and the sulfiding agent introduction holes (101) are connected to the supply pipeline of the sulfiding agent supply device; The mixing reactor (2) is a tubular structure and has a plurality of baffles (3) arranged therein at intervals along the axial direction. The baffles (3) in the mixing reactor (2) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the mixing reactor (2); A cylinder (4) is further provided between adjacent baffles (3) in the mixing reactor (2), and the axis of the cylinder (4) bisects the projections of the left and right center lines of the adjacent baffles (3) on the radial surface of the mixing reactor (2); The surface of the cylinder (4) is provided with a round-bottomed groove (401) or a flat-bottomed groove (402) extending in the axial direction, the round-bottomed groove (401) or the flat-bottomed groove (402) having a depth of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the cylinder (4) and a length greater than 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the mixing reactor (2); The axis of the cylinder (4) is perpendicular to and intersects the axis of the mixing reactor (2), and the round-bottomed groove (401) or the flat-bottomed groove (402) on the cylinder (4) inside the mixing reactor (2) faces the flow direction of the medium.

2. The high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal reaction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The baffle (3) is inserted into the mixing reactor (2) at an angle of 100 to 140 degrees to the medium flow direction, and the radial height of the baffle (3) inserted into the mixing reactor (2) is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the mixing reactor (2).

3. The high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal heavy metal reaction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The axis of the sulfiding agent inlet hole (101) is at an angle of 90 to 135 degrees to the flow direction of the dirty acid and intersects with the axis of the feeder (1).

4. The high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal reaction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that An inwardly extending vulcanizing agent inlet pipe (102) is provided on the outer wall of the feeder (1), the vulcanizing agent inlet hole (101) is coaxially arranged in the vulcanizing agent inlet pipe (102), and the radial height of the vulcanizing agent inlet pipe (102) extending into the feeder (1) is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the inner diameter of the feeder (1).

5. The high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal reaction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that The vulcanizing agent introduction hole (101) is a stepped hole (103) that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside. The vulcanizing agent introduction hole (101) is further provided with a screw hole (104) connected to a vulcanizing agent supply device on the outside of the stepped hole (103).

6. The high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal reaction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that The feeder (1) of the annular structure is provided with a plurality of connection holes (105) which are connected to the flanges of the front and rear end pipelines at intervals and are arranged circumferentially.

7. The high-efficiency and low-consumption non-ferrous metal smelting waste acid removal reaction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that The axial flow velocity of the medium in the feeder (1) and / or the mixing reactor (2) is not less than 1 m / s and the pressure is not higher than 0.6 MPa.

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