Functional fiber with chemical energy supply and sustainable heat generation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of functional fibers, and discloses a functional fiber that can generate heat sustainably with chemical energy supply, which is a continuous, uniform and circularly symmetrical linear structure, and is divided into a core layer, a waterproof layer, a catalytic layer and a protective layer from the inside to the outside. Ethanol, methanol and the like can be used as a reducing agent, and oxygen in the air can be used as an oxidant, and a slow redox reaction occurs in the catalytic layer to release heat, thereby achieving the purpose of heating clothing or the human body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a functional fiber capable of chemically supplying energy and generating heat sustainably, belonging to the field of functional fibers. Background Art

[0002] In a cold environment, the human body uses clothing to keep warm, which is a passive means of keeping warm based on increasing surface thermal resistance and reducing heat exchange between the human body and the environment. In the absence of activity and limited heat generation of the matrix, such as office workers sitting for a long time, guards standing guard, etc., it is necessary to add clothes to maintain body temperature; or in an extremely cold environment, the human body also needs to wear heavy clothes. In the above situation, too much warm clothing will inevitably cause inconvenience to the user in production labor. In order to solve the above problems, technicians have developed active heating clothing. This technology generally adds continuous resistance wires made of metal, carbon, etc. to ordinary textile fabrics, and heats it by connecting voltage at both ends of the resistance wire, so as to achieve the purpose of actively heating the user and increasing comfort. The energy source of this type of electric heating clothing is essentially from electrical energy to thermal energy. Generally, the user needs to carry an energy storage device such as a battery to continuously supply energy to the heating body, or a power socket is required nearby, and the user's spatial range of activities is limited; either of the above brings great inconvenience to use. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art in the above background technology, the present invention provides a functional fiber that can generate sustainable heat by chemical energy supply, which is powered by liquid chemical substances, realizes the conversion of chemical energy into thermal energy in situ to generate controllable heat, and heats the human body and clothing; to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0004] The functional fiber that can generate heat with chemical energy continuously is a continuous, uniform and circularly symmetrical linear structure with an outer diameter of 1-5mm in the cross section. From the inside to the outside, it is divided into a core layer, a waterproof layer, a catalytic layer and a protective layer. The core layer is a multi-strand axial continuous long fiber cotton uniformly compounded by a mass ratio of 5:1:1 of polyester fiber with an outer diameter of 10-25μm, an outer diameter of 25-35μm aramid fiber, and an outer diameter of 35-55μm elastic spandex fiber or a polyester fiber with a higher proportion. The function is to conduct liquid energy supply materials through a strong capillary effect. The inner core position of the core layer is provided with 2-50 25-35μm aramid twisted fibers, which are used to increase the axial tensile strength of the core layer; the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire core layer accounts for 10%-75% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire fiber. The waterproof layer is a waterproof and breathable layer made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, and its outer surface has ribs protruding along the axial direction. There are 3-20 ribs, which are aligned along the circumference. The proximal end of the rib is integrated with the annular coating layer of the waterproof layer, and the distal end protrudes 0.2-1.5mm. The function of the waterproof layer is to prevent the liquid energy supply material in the core layer from flowing out in liquid form, but it can diffuse outward through the waterproof layer in the form of gas. The ribs in the waterproof layer can strengthen the strength and toughness of the waterproof layer and extend to the periphery to accommodate the catalyst layer between the ribs and prevent the catalyst layer from irreversibly deforming due to the bending of the entire fiber. The waterproof layer tightly wraps the core layer and generates a pressure of 0.001-0.06MPa inside the core layer; the cross-sectional area of ​​the waterproof layer accounts for 5%-15% of the total cross-sectional area of ​​the fiber. The catalyst layer is based on the carbon nanotubes dispersed and deposited in the gas phase as the main skeleton, the surface of the carbon nanotubes is loaded with nano metal catalysts, the carbon nanotubes are bonded with perfluorosulfonic acid polymers, and the catalyst layer is tightly filled and bonded to the outer surface of the waterproof layer, the ribs, and the protective layer. The cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst layer accounts for 8%-30% of the entire fiber cross-sectional area. The carbon nanotube structure in the catalyst layer is uniform and loose and porous, and the volume density of the carbon part is 1-350mg / cm 3 . The nano metal catalyst loaded on the surface of the carbon nanotubes in the catalytic layer is a mixture of one or more of palladium and platinum in any proportion, with a particle size of 2-20nm and a content of 4%-30%. The perfluorosulfonic acid polymer in the catalytic layer is evenly distributed, with a content of 5-15%. The thickness of the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer at the interface between the catalytic layer and the outer surface of the waterproof layer, between the ribs, and the enclosed part of the protective layer is 0.01-10μm. The protective layer is a waterproof and breathable layer made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, and its cross-sectional area accounts for 10%-30% of the entire fiber cross-sectional area. The outer surface is coated with silane with a thickness of 0.01-30μm, which serves to further isolate the liquid water and oil in the environment from penetrating into the interior of the fiber during use.

[0005] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it provides a functional fiber that can generate heat sustainably by chemical energy supply, which can use ethanol, methanol, etc. as a reducing agent and oxygen in the air as an oxidant, and a slow redox reaction occurs in its catalytic layer to release heat, thereby achieving the purpose of heating clothes or the human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the functional fiber that can generate sustainable heat through chemical energy supply according to the present invention.

[0007] In the figure: 1. core layer, 2. waterproof layer, 3. catalytic layer, 4. protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The specific implementation method of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0009] The functional fiber for sustainable heating with chemical energy supply is a continuous, uniform and circumferentially symmetrical linear structure, with an outer diameter of 2 mm in cross section, and is divided into a core layer (1), a waterproof layer (2), a catalytic layer (3) and a protective layer (4) from the inside to the outside. The core layer is a multi-strand axial continuous long fiber cotton uniformly compounded by mixing polyester fiber with an outer diameter of 10 μm, aramid fiber with an outer diameter of 25 μm and elastic spandex fiber with an outer diameter of 35 μm in a mass ratio of 5:1:1. 50 25 μm aramid twisted fibers are arranged at the inner core position of the core layer (1); the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire core layer (1) accounts for 50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire fiber. The waterproof layer (2) is a waterproof and breathable layer made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, and its outer surface has ribs protruding along the axial direction, and there are 8 ribs, which are aligned along the circumference, and the proximal end of the rib is integrated with the annular coating layer of the waterproof layer (2), and the distal end protrudes 0.5 mm. The waterproof layer (2) tightly wraps the core layer (1) and generates a pressure of 0.006MPa inside the core layer (1); the cross-sectional area of ​​the waterproof layer (2) accounts for 10% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire fiber. The surface of the carbon nanotubes is loaded with a nano-palladium catalyst with a particle size of 2-20nm and a content of 20%, and mixed with an ethanol solution of a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer (Nafion) with a content of 15%. The above mixture is gas-phase dispersed by a plasma thermal excitation method and the dispersed product is uniformly deposited on the outer surface of the waterproof layer (2) having a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer coating with a thickness of 0.1μm, to form a catalytic layer (3). During the deposition process, the carbon nanotube structure in the catalytic layer (3) is maintained uniform and loose and porous, and the bulk density of the carbon part is 1-350mg / cm 3 The perfluorosulfonic acid polymer in the catalyst layer (3) is evenly distributed, with a content of 5-15%. A perfluorosulfonic acid polymer coating with a thickness of 0.1 μm is applied to the outer surface of the catalyst layer (3) by an atomization spraying method. The protective layer (4) is then inserted. The protective layer (4) is a waterproof and breathable layer made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, and its cross-sectional area accounts for 20% of the entire fiber cross-sectional area. The outer surface is coated with a silane coating with a thickness of 0.1 μm.

[0010] A single 2m long chemically powered functional fiber that can generate heat continuously is coiled in an S shape and sewn on the inside of a garment. One end is passed through a flexible fuel bag made of silica gel, and the other end is sealed with epoxy resin. 30ml of methanol is added to the flexible fuel bag. Under the action of the core layer (1), methanol is absorbed into the fiber through the capillary action of the flexible fuel bag and quickly transferred along the core layer (1) so that the entire fiber absorbs methanol more evenly along the axis. Liquid methanol cannot penetrate the waterproof layer (2) and is confined in the core layer (1). Under the action of ambient temperature, liquid methanol evaporates slowly, and methanol vapor can penetrate the waterproof layer (2) and enter the catalytic layer (3). Oxygen in the air penetrates the protective layer (4) through free diffusion and enters the catalytic layer (3). Methanol vapor and oxygen in the catalytic layer (3) undergo a slow catalytic oxidation reaction under the action of the catalyst to release heat. CO2, water vapor and other products after the reaction are discharged into the external environment in gaseous form through the protective layer (4). While the methanol in the core layer (1) is being consumed, methanol is also absorbed from the flexible fuel bag, and the two eventually reach a dynamic equilibrium so that the above chemical reaction can be carried out stably and sustainably.

Claims

1. A functional fiber that can generate heat sustainably by chemical energy supply, characterized in that It is a continuous, uniform and circularly symmetrical linear structure, with an outer diameter of 1-5mm in the cross section, which is divided into a core layer, a waterproof layer, a catalytic layer and a protective layer from the inside to the outside. The core layer is a polyester fiber with an outer diameter of 10-25μm, an aramid fiber with an outer diameter of 25-35μm, and an elastic spandex fiber with an outer diameter of 35-55μm, which are uniformly composited in a mass ratio of 5:1:1; 2-50 25-35μm aramid twisted fibers are arranged at the inner core position of the core layer; the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire core layer accounts for 10%-75% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire fiber; the waterproof layer is a waterproof layer made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene The water-permeable layer has ribs protruding along the axial direction on its outer surface, and there are 3 to 20 ribs arranged in a circle. The proximal end of the rib is integrated with the annular coating layer of the waterproof layer, and the distal end protrudes 0.2 to 1.5 mm. The waterproof layer tightly wraps the core layer and generates a pressure of 0.001 to 0.06 MPa inside the core layer. The cross-sectional area of ​​the waterproof layer accounts for 5% to 15% of the entire fiber cross-sectional area. The catalytic layer uses gas-phase dispersed and deposited carbon nanotubes as the main skeleton, and the surface of the carbon nanotubes is loaded with nano-metal catalysts. The carbon nanotubes are bonded with perfluorosulfonic acid polymers, and the perfluorosulfonic acid polymers are used to bond the carbon nanotubes. The catalyst layer is tightly filled and bonded to the outer surface of the waterproof layer, the ribs, and the enclosed part of the protective layer by bonding the composite; the cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst layer accounts for 8%-30% of the entire fiber cross-sectional area; the carbon nanotube structure in the catalyst layer is uniform and loose and porous, and the bulk density of the carbon part is 1-350mg / cm3; the nano metal catalyst loaded on the surface of the carbon nanotubes in the catalyst layer is a mixture of one or more of palladium and platinum mixed in any proportion, with a particle size of 2-20nm and a content of 4%-30%; the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer in the catalyst layer is evenly distributed, with a content of 5-15%; the catalyst The thickness of the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer at the interface between the layer and the outer surface of the waterproof layer, between the ribs, and the enclosed part of the protective layer is 0.01-10μm; the protective layer is a waterproof and breathable layer made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, and its cross-sectional area accounts for 10%-30% of the entire fiber cross-sectional area, and the outer surface is coated with silane with a thickness of 0.01-30μm; a single 2m long chemically powered sustainable heating functional fiber is coiled in an S shape and sewn on the inside of the clothing, one end is passed into a flexible fuel bag made of silica gel, and the other end is sealed with epoxy resin, and 30ml of methanol is added to the flexible fuel bag.

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