A laser rock breaking drill protector

Abstract

The application provides a laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device, and belongs to the technical field of laser rock breaking, which comprises a shell, a cavity for accommodating a laser head is formed in the shell, a through hole is formed in the shell, a lens is installed in the through hole, the lens is used for allowing a light source of the laser head to pass out while preventing rock debris from entering the shell to damage the laser head, a cleaning structure is used for cleaning the outer side surface of the lens away from the laser head to prevent rock debris from adhering to the lens, a protection structure is used for protecting the lens to prevent rock debris from impacting the lens to cause scratches on the lens, the protection structure comprises a movable protective cover, the protective cover has a protection position and a working position on its movable stroke, the shell can isolate gas and liquid pollutants, the laser head is installed in the protective shell, the laser head can normally work in a harsh environment such as dust and water, and the service life of the laser head is reduced due to the impact in the pressure environment in the working and standby states.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser rock breaking, and particularly relates to a laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The traditional rock breaking method is rotary drilling. With the development of new technologies, new rock breaking methods have emerged, including water jet devices, electron beams, cavitation jets, electric arcs, plasma and lasers. Test results of laser cutting of rock show that high-energy focused radiation emitted by a laser can cut deep and fine grooves in various hard rocks. When excavating hard rock tunnels, laser cutting is more economical than mechanical methods. Of course, this economy depends on the level of laser technology, the type of rock and the cross section of the tunnel. If laser technology is applied to oil drilling, it will bring a major breakthrough to oil drilling technology.

[0003] In the field of drilling, the energy of the laser is used to cause surface defects in the target rock formation, thereby reducing the rock formation's resistance to the drill bit, greatly reducing the wear rate of the drill bit and improving the drilling efficiency. During the operation of the laser, the downhole environment is relatively complex, and the erosion of the rock cuttings on the laser head is very serious. The erosion of the rock cuttings can easily cause scratches on the lenses of the laser head, and the rock cuttings can also impact the body of the laser head, resulting in a relatively high failure rate of the laser head. In addition, impurities such as rock cuttings and mud attached to the lenses of the laser head can reduce the light transmittance of the lenses and increase the heat absorption, which not only causes the rock breaking effect to deteriorate, but also can cause the lenses to break due to the accumulation of a large amount of heat on the lenses.

[0004] Some manufacturers or research institutions have optimized the above-mentioned problems, for example, the utility model patent with the publication number CN211666627U discloses a laser drilling rock breaking device. One of the technical problems solved by this scheme is that the laser head cannot be cleaned in time in the harsh environment of downhole mud and molten rock, and frequent tripping is required. This scheme achieves automatic water flushing of the laser head by setting sensors, pipes and nozzles, thereby solving the problem of reduced light transmittance and increased heat absorption of the lenses caused by rock cuttings, and reducing the damage and breakage of the lenses.

[0005] However, this scheme still has some problems. First, this scheme uses water to flush the laser head to prevent impurities from adhering to the lenses of the laser head. In actual use, the water droplets themselves adhering to the lenses can change the path of the light, disperse the energy and deteriorate the effect of laser rock breaking, which is not conducive to rock breaking operations. Second, although the laser head itself has a waterproof effect, the moisture can easily erode the laser head if it is in a humid environment for a long time, which increases the failure rate of the laser head. In addition, the laser head lacks protection, and the rock cuttings generated during drilling continuously erode the laser head, especially the lenses of the laser head, which still has a high risk of scratches. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device to solve the technical problem of the existing technology that the rock debris seriously erodes the laser head, resulting in a reduced service life of the laser head.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a shell is provided, a cavity for accommodating a laser head is formed in the shell, a through hole is formed in the shell, a lens is mounted in the through hole, and the lens is used for allowing the light source of the laser head to pass out while preventing the rock debris from entering the shell and damaging the laser head;

[0008] A cleaning structure is used to clean the outer side of the lens away from the laser head to prevent the rock debris from adhering to the lens.

[0009] A protection structure is used to protect the lens to prevent the rock debris from impacting the lens and causing scratches on the lens, the protection structure includes a movable protective cover, the protective cover has a protection position and a working position on its movable stroke, the protective cover in the protection position blocks the through hole on the outer side of the lens to prevent the rock debris from entering the through hole and impacting the lens, and the protective cover in the working position is offset from the through hole to allow the light source of the laser head to pass through and perform laser rock breaking.

[0010] As a further improvement, the protective cover is hinged to the shell to realize the movable assembly of the protective cover.

[0011] As a further improvement, a telescopic mechanism is hinged to the side surface of the shell, the other end of the telescopic mechanism is hinged to the side surface of the protective cover, and the telescopic mechanism is telescoped to realize the overturning of the protective cover.

[0012] As a further improvement, the telescopic mechanism is a telescopic air cylinder.

[0013] As a further improvement, the cleaning structure includes a cleaning channel formed in the shell, a fluid inlet of the cleaning channel is communicated with an external cleaning source, and a fluid outlet of the cleaning channel faces the outer side of the lens away from the laser head.

[0014] As a further improvement, the cleaning channel is connected with an air inlet channel for communicating with an external air source device to dry the lens through the cleaning channel, thereby avoiding the water droplets from affecting the rock breaking effect by refracting the light.

[0015] As a further improvement, the outer surface of the shell is provided with a hidden groove for arranging an external supply pipeline, and the external supply pipeline is used to communicate the cleaning channel with the external cleaning source.

[0016] As a further improvement, the shell comprises a main body part and a tail cover and a front gland respectively mounted at both ends of the main body part to facilitate disassembly and maintenance of components, the cavity is formed in the main body part, and the through hole penetrates the front gland and communicates with the cavity.

[0017] As a further improvement, a sealing ring is arranged between the main body part and the front gland to prevent moisture from penetrating into the shell.

[0018] As a further improvement, the tail cover is provided with a fiber access opening for the fiber to pass through and two cooling water access openings for the cooling water pipes to pass through.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions of the present application are as follows:

[0020] 1. The shell of the present application adopts an end face sealing structure, which can isolate gas and liquid pollutants, has fewer components, is easy to install and replace, and is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. The laser head is installed in the protective shell, so that the laser head can work normally in a harsh environment such as dust and water, and the problem of reduced service life due to impact in a pressure environment in the working and standby state of the laser head is solved.

[0021] 2. The cleaning structure of the present application can not only clean but also dry, solving the problem of reduced rock breaking effect caused by water droplets adhering to the lens and changing the light source path; timely cleaning of moisture can also reduce the risk of moisture penetrating into the shell.

[0022] 3. According to the working requirements of the laser rock breaking drill, a protective cover that can be automatically opened and closed is designed. When laser rock breaking is needed, the protective cover is opened to break rocks at the corresponding position. When in standby state, the protective cover is closed to shield the lens and prevent rock debris from eroding the lens, reducing the maintenance frequency of the laser head components and indirectly improving the construction efficiency of the drill. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be more apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the present application are shown by way of example, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the laser rock breaking drill protection device of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the laser rock breaking drill protection device of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the laser rock breaking drill protection device of the present application

[0027] Figure 4 It is a cross section view of the laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structure view of the protection cover closing of the laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device of the present application.

[0029] Explanation of reference signs:

[0030] 1, shell; 11, tail cover; 12, main body part; 13, front gland; 2, protection cover; 21, hinged shaft; 22, linkage shaft; 3, lens; 4, cylinder; 5, sealing ring; 6, cleaning channel; 7, laser head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be known by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described below are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] In view of the problem that in the prior art, the laser head is seriously eroded by cuttings, resulting in reduced service life of the laser head, frequent maintenance and affected construction efficiency, the present application designs a laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device.

[0033] The shell 1 wraps and protects the entire laser head 7. The shell 1 adopts an end face sealing structure, and comprises a main body part 12 and tail covers 11 and front glands 13 arranged at both ends for sealing. The tail covers 11 and the front glands 13 are connected with the main body part 12 through bolts, facilitating disassembly and removal of the laser head 7. A sealing ring 5 is further arranged between the front gland 13 and the main body part 12 to prevent dust and liquid from entering the inside of the shell 1. A lens 3 is further arranged at one end of the shell 1 close to the front gland 13, which protects the laser head 7 while not affecting the normal operation of the laser head 7.

[0034] During laser rock breaking operation, the telescopic cylinder 4 is elongated, and the protection cover 2 is opened by the pushing force of the telescopic cylinder 4 until the protection cover 2 stops moving at the limit point. The external pure water flushes the lens surface of the lens 3 through the cleaning channel 6, ensuring that there is no dust, cuttings and other impurities on the lens 3. After cleaning, the external switching valve switches to communicate with the air compression equipment, and the compressed air dries the lens surface through the cleaning channel 6. After the cleaning work is completed, the laser head 7 starts operation. After the laser head 7 finishes operation, the laser is turned off, the cylinder 4 is contracted, the protection cover 2 is closed, and the standby state is entered.

[0035] After introducing the basic principles of the present invention, various non-limiting embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Any number of elements in the accompanying drawings is for illustrative purposes only and not for limitation, and any naming is for distinction only and has no limiting meaning.

[0036] The principles and spirit of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments.

[0037] Example 1 of the laser rock-breaking drill bit protection device provided by the present invention:

[0038] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the device includes a housing 1, with an internal cavity for accommodating the laser head 7, thus protecting the laser head 7. In this embodiment, the housing 1 includes a main body 12 and a tail cover 11 and a front cover 13 respectively installed at both ends of the main body 12 to facilitate disassembly and maintenance of components. The end of the main body 12 closest to the front cover 13 is defined as the front end. The tail cover 11 and the front cover 13 are both connected to the main body 12 by bolts. The front end of the main body 12 and the front cover 13 both have through holes. A lens 3, which is a sapphire lens 3, is installed in the through hole of the main body 12. The lens 3 is used to allow the light source of the laser head 7 to pass through while preventing rock debris from entering the housing 1 and damaging the laser head 7. In addition to the bolt holes, the tail cover 11 also has an optical fiber inlet for optical fiber to pass through and two cooling water inlets for cooling water pipes to pass through. The optical fiber inlet and the two cooling water inlets are sealed, for example, by applying sealant or installing sealing gaskets, to prevent impurities from entering.

[0039] The cleaning structure is used to clean the front surface of the lens 3 to prevent rock debris from adhering to the lens 3, which would increase heat absorption and concentrate heat on the lens 3, causing damage to the lens 3. The cleaning structure includes a cleaning channel 6 opened on the front pressure cover 13 for water supply. The inlet of the cleaning channel 6 is connected to an external water source, and the outlet of the cleaning channel 6 faces the front surface of the lens 3. In this embodiment, there is one cleaning channel 6, which is fan-shaped. The diameter of the outlet of the cleaning channel 6 is the same as the diameter of the lens 3. The outlet of the cleaning channel 6 is parallel to the front surface of the lens 3, rinsing the lens surface from the side of the lens 3. This allows one cleaning channel 6 to cover the entire lens 3, cleaning the lens 3 without any dead angles.

[0040] The protective structure is used to protect the lens 3 from rock debris impacting the lens 3 and causing scratches. The protective structure includes a movable protective cover 2, which has a protective position and a working position during its movement. When the protective cover 2 is in the protective position, it blocks the through hole to prevent rock debris from impacting the lens 3. When the protective cover 2 is in the working position, it is offset from the through hole to allow the laser head 7 light source to pass through for laser rock breaking.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the protective cover 2 is hinged on the front side of the front gland 13, the front gland 13 is provided with a mounting seat, and the protective cover 2 is hinged on the mounting seat through a hinge shaft 21, and the opening and closing of the through hole are realized by turning over the protective cover 2.

[0042] In the embodiment, the telescopic mechanism is hinged on the side of the main body 12, and a dust groove for mounting the telescopic mechanism is also arranged on the side of the main body 12, which plays a certain protection role. The telescopic mechanism is a telescopic cylinder 4, the model of the cylinder 4 is CDJ2D10x50, the side corresponding to the telescopic cylinder 4 of the protective cover 2 is provided with a linkage shaft 22, the linkage shaft 22 is connected with the protective cover 2 through screw threads, and the other end of the telescopic cylinder 4 is hinged with the protective cover 2 through the linkage shaft 22. The telescopic cylinder 4 is telescoped to realize the turning over of the protective cover 2.

[0043] In the embodiment, the cleaning structure further comprises a air-drying structure for drying the lens 3, so as to avoid that the water droplets affect the rock breaking effect by refraction of light. An external air supply device is communicated with the cleaning channel 6, so that the compressed air passes through the cleaning channel 6 to dry the lens 3. In addition to being affected by dust, rock debris and other impurities, the laser is also affected by water droplets. The water droplets attached to the lens 3 are transparent and convex, which causes the refraction of light. After the light is dispersed, the energy is reduced, and the rock breaking effect is also reduced, resulting in energy waste. By arranging the air-drying structure, the lens 3 can be ensured to be clean and free of impurities after each use, and the lens 3 can also be ensured to be dry, so that the light path will not change.

[0044] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 The outer surface of the shell 1 is provided with a hidden groove in the horizontal direction, which is used to hide an external supply pipeline. The external supply pipeline can pass pure water or compressed air, which is adjusted according to the switching valve. In other embodiments, two pipelines can be arranged to pass pure water and compressed air respectively.

[0045] In the embodiment, considering that the front end of the main body 12 needs to be cleaned and is affected by external liquid, a sealing ring 5 is arranged between the main body 12 and the front gland 13. The sealing O-shaped ring is of the model 50x2.65 (GB3452.1-92), so as to prevent water from penetrating into the shell 1.

[0046] Embodiment 2 of the laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device provided by the application:

[0047] The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 mainly lies in that:

[0048] In the embodiment 1, the telescopic mechanism is hinged to the side surface of the main body part, and a groove for installing the telescopic mechanism is formed in the side surface of the main body part, thereby achieving a certain protection effect, the telescopic mechanism is a telescopic cylinder, a linkage shaft is arranged on the side of the telescopic cylinder corresponding to the protective cover, the linkage shaft is connected with the protective cover through screw threads, the other end of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the protective cover through the linkage shaft, and the telescopic cylinder is telescoped to realize the overturning of the protective cover.

[0049] In the embodiment, the front side surface of the front pressing cover is provided with a sliding rail arranged in the vertical direction, and the protective cover is slidably connected in the sliding rail, so that the opening and closing of the front pressing cover is realized in a sliding mode, the telescopic mechanism for driving the sliding of the protective cover can be arranged at the bottom of the protective cover or the side surface of the sliding rail, and the front pressing cover can be connected with the extension plate, so as to facilitate the fixation of the telescopic mechanism.

[0050] The embodiment 3 of the laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device provided by the application has the advantages that:

[0051] The main difference between the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 1 is that:

[0052] In the embodiment 1, the telescopic mechanism is hinged to the side surface of the main body part, and a groove for installing the telescopic mechanism is formed in the side surface of the main body part, thereby achieving a certain protection effect, the telescopic mechanism is a telescopic cylinder, a linkage shaft is arranged on the side of the telescopic cylinder corresponding to the protective cover, the linkage shaft is connected with the protective cover through screw threads, the other end of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the protective cover through the linkage shaft, and the telescopic cylinder is telescoped to realize the overturning of the protective cover.

[0053] In the embodiment, the protective cover is rotatably assembled on the front side surface of the front pressing cover, a rotating shaft is arranged in the horizontal direction at the position below the through hole of the front side surface of the front pressing cover, the rotating shaft is connected with the front pressing cover through a bearing, the bottom of the protective cover is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the opening and closing of the through hole can be realized by driving the rotating shaft to rotate. In a humid environment, the stability of the cylinder is better than that of the electric driving mechanism, and in the embodiment, the cylinder is still used as the driving piece, an extension rod arranged in the vertical direction is connected on the rotating shaft, the extension rod is hinged to the cylinder, the other end of the cylinder is hinged to the front pressing cover, the extension rod is pushed and pulled by the telescoping of the cylinder, the protective cover is swung, and the opening and closing are realized.

[0054] The embodiment 4 of the laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device provided by the application has the advantages that:

[0055] The main difference between the embodiment 4 and the embodiment 1 is that:

[0056] In the embodiment 1, the cleaning structure comprises a cleaning channel opened on the front cover for water to pass through, the water inlet of the cleaning channel is communicated with an external water source, and the water outlet of the cleaning channel faces the front mirror surface of the lens; in the embodiment, one cleaning channel is arranged, the cleaning channel is a fan ring, the diameter of the water outlet of the cleaning channel is the same as the diameter of the lens, the water outlet of the cleaning channel is parallel to the front mirror surface of the lens, the mirror surface is washed from the side of the lens, one cleaning channel can cover the whole lens, and the lens is cleaned without dead angle.

[0057] In the embodiment, five cleaning channels are arranged, the five cleaning channels are arranged in parallel, the area of the water outlet is reduced after the one cleaning channel is improved into five cleaning channels, the water pressure is increased, and the washing effect is improved to a certain extent.

[0058] The embodiment 5 of the laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device provided by the application is as follows:

[0059] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is mainly as follows:

[0060] In the embodiment, the inner front end of the main body and the front side of the tail cover are both provided with rubber gaskets, so that the laser head is stably fixed in the shell and is prevented from loosening in the shell.

[0061] Although the present specification has shown and described several embodiments of the present application, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications, variations and alternative means can be used to practice the present application without deviating from the spirit and scope of the application. It is to be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the application described herein can be employed in practicing the present application. The following claims are intended to cover all such alternatives and equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser rock breaking drill tool protection device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a laser rock breaking device, which comprises a shell (1) with a cavity for accommodating a laser head (7), a through hole is formed on the shell (1), a lens (3) is installed in the through hole, the lens (3) is used for allowing the light source of the laser head (7) to pass through and preventing rock debris from entering the shell (1) to damage the laser head (7); a cleaning structure is used for cleaning the outer side of the lens (3) away from the laser head (7) to prevent rock debris from adhering to the lens (3); a protection structure is used for protecting the lens (3) to prevent rock debris from impacting the lens (3) to cause scratches on the lens (3), the protection structure comprises a movable protective cover (2), the protective cover (2) has a protection position and a working position in its movable stroke, the protective cover (2) in the protection position blocks the through hole on the outer side of the lens to prevent rock debris from entering the through hole and impacting the lens (3), the protective cover (2) in the working position is staggered with the through hole to allow the light source of the laser head (7) to pass through and perform laser rock breaking; the protective cover (2) is hinged on the shell (1) to realize the movable assembly of the protective cover (2); a telescopic mechanism is hinged on the side of the shell (1), the other end of the telescopic mechanism is hinged on the side of the protective cover (2), and the telescopic mechanism is telescoped to realize the overturning of the protective cover (2); the shell (1) comprises a main body (12) and a tail cover (11) and a front gland (13) installed at the two ends of the main body (12) respectively, so that the components can be conveniently disassembled and maintained, the cavity is formed in the main body (12), and the through hole penetrates through the front gland (13) and communicates with the cavity; the tail cover (11) is provided with a fiber inlet for allowing an optical fiber to pass through and two cooling water inlets for allowing cooling water pipes to pass through. The telescopic mechanism is a telescopic air cylinder (4). The cleaning structure comprises a cleaning channel (6) formed on the shell (1), the fluid inlet of the cleaning channel (6) communicates with an external cleaning source, and the fluid outlet of the cleaning channel (6) faces the outer side of the lens (3) away from the laser head (7). The cleaning channel (6) is connected with an air inlet channel for communicating with an external air source device, so that the lens (3) can be dried through the cleaning channel (6), and water droplets are prevented from refracting light to affect the rock breaking effect. The outer surface of the shell (1) is provided with a hidden groove for arranging an external supply pipeline, and the external supply pipeline is used for connecting the cleaning channel (6) and the external cleaning source. The main body (12) and the front gland (13) are provided with a sealing ring (5) to prevent moisture from entering the shell (1). ​ ​ 2. The laser rock breaking drill protector of claim 1, wherein: ​ 3. The laser rock-breaking drill tool protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by: ​ 4. The laser rock breaking drill protector of claim 3, wherein: ​ 5. The laser rock breaking drill protector of claim 4, wherein: ​ 6. The laser rock breaking drill protector of claim 1, wherein: ​

Images