A turbine wheel and a machining process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a turbine impeller and a machining process thereof, and relates to the technical field of superchargers.The support mechanism comprises an arc strip and a support rod.The outer surface of the arc strip is fixedly connected with the inner surface of a turbine shell.A sliding groove is formed in the top of the arc strip.The inner surface of the sliding groove is slidably connected with a sliding block.Both ends of the support rod are fixedly connected with rotating sleeves.The outer surface of one rotating sleeve is movably connected with the outer surface of the sliding block.The inner surface of one rotating sleeve is rotatably connected with a pin rod.The one end of the pin rod is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the sliding block.The inner surface of one rotating sleeve is rotatably connected with a support.The turbine impeller of the existing turbocharger can not only adjust the action angle of the guide vane, but also can bear pressure when the guide vane is stressed, so that excessive wear and even collapse can be avoided, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of superchargers, in particular to a turbine impeller and a processing technology thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the search, in the utility model with publication number CN215718975U, a turbine impeller of a turbocharger is disclosed, which comprises a turbine shell, a turbine blade is rotatably installed in the turbine shell, a plurality of arc-shaped guide vanes are arranged around the turbine blade in the turbine shell, one end of the guide vane is hingedly arranged, and the entering angle of the exhaust gas is adjusted through the swinging direction of the guide vane, the plurality of guide vanes swing synchronously through the linkage assembly, and the front end of the turbine blade is coaxially fixed with a flow limiting cover. The utility model solves the problems that the device in the traditional technology cannot adjust the action angle of the intake and the turbine blade, increases the wear of the turbine blade, and after the existing exhaust gas drives the turbine, the exhaust gas is easily discharged directly from the opening of the turbine shell, and the working efficiency of the exhaust gas is reduced.

[0003] Although the device adjusts the action angle through the setting of the guide vane and the rotation of the guide vane, thereby solving the problems of excessive wear of the turbine blade and low working efficiency of the exhaust gas, in the process of realizing the above technical features, the angle of the guide vane is adjusted through the combination of the gear ring and the gear, and when the guide vane is stressed, the meshing teeth are pressed. The meshing teeth are pressed too much, and due to long-term pressure, they are easily excessively worn or even broken, thereby reducing the service life of the device and being not conducive to the long-term use of the turbine, so the above problems need to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a turbine impeller and a processing technology thereof, which solves the problem that the meshing of the gear and the gear ring not only adjusts the action angle of the guide vane, but also the meshing teeth are pressed when the guide vane is stressed, which easily causes excessive wear or even breakage, thereby reducing the service life of the equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a turbine impeller, comprising a turbine shell, a guide vane is arranged on the inner surface of the turbine shell, and a driving mechanism and a supporting mechanism are respectively arranged on the outer part of the guide vane.

[0006] The supporting mechanism comprises an arc strip and a support rod, the outer surface of the arc strip is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell, the top of the arc strip is provided with a sliding groove, the inner surface of the sliding groove is slidably connected with a sliding block, the two ends of the support rod are fixedly connected with rotating sleeves, the outer surface of one rotating sleeve is movably connected with the outer surface of the sliding block, the inner surface of one rotating sleeve is rotatably connected with a pin rod, one end of the pin rod is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the sliding block, the inner surface of one rotating sleeve is rotatably connected with a support, the outer surface of the support is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the guide vane, the inside of the arc strip is provided with a through groove, the inner surface of the through groove is communicated with the inner surface of the sliding groove, and the inner surface of the through groove is provided with a limiting assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the limiting assembly comprises a clamping rod and a fixed plate, the outer surface of the clamping rod is slidably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell and the inner surface of the through groove respectively, the outer surface of the clamping rod is movably connected with the inside of the sliding block, the outer surface of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell, the outside of the fixed plate is provided with a connecting plate, the outer surface of the connecting plate is slidably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell, and the outer surface of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with one end of the clamping rod.

[0008] Preferably, the inside of the fixed plate is slidably connected with a push rod, the outside of the push rod is provided with a side protection unit, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the connecting plate, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with a push plate, the outer surface of the push plate is slidably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell, the outer surface of the push rod is sleeved with a spring, the outer surface of the push plate is movably connected with a cam, and the output end of the cam is rotatably connected with the inside of the turbine shell.

[0009] Preferably, the side protection unit comprises a triangular plate and a side protection plate, the outer surface of the triangular plate is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the connecting plate, the outer surface of the side protection plate is movably connected with the inside of the turbine shell, the outer surface of the side protection plate is provided with a tangent plane, and the outer surface of the tangent plane is movably connected with the oblique side of the triangular plate.

[0010] Preferably, the outer surface of the side protection plate is provided with an embedding groove, the inner surface of the embedding groove is fixedly connected with a spring rod, one end of the spring rod is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell, the outer surface of the side protection plate is provided with a side protection groove, and the inner surface of the side protection groove is movably connected with the outer surface of the push rod.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a gear ring and a rotating rod, the outer surface of the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell, the outer surface of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the guide vane, the outer surface of the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the inside of the turbine shell, the outer surface of the gear ring is rotatably connected with the outer surface of the turbine shell, the inner wall of the gear ring is engaged with a gear, and the outer surface of the gear is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating rod.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the tooth ring is movably connected with a limiting wheel, the outer surface of the tooth ring is engaged with a driving gear, and the output shafts of the limiting wheel and the driving gear are both rotatably connected with the inside of the turbine shell.

[0013] The application further discloses a machining process of the turbine impeller.

[0014] S1, first, existing turbine shells, gears, tooth rings, guide vanes, flow restrictors and the like are processed according to design sizes, then arc strips, connecting plates, clamping rods, cams and supporting rods and the like are processed, then sliding grooves are formed on the surfaces of the arc strips, and the sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves;

[0015] S2, after all the workpieces are formed, the arc strips are first arranged in the turbine shells and located outside the rotating rod mounting areas, then the guide vanes, rotating rods, gears and the like are assembled and arranged in the turbine shells, the triangular plates are arranged on the connecting plates, the side protection plates are arranged on the inner walls of the turbine shells through the spring rods, the side surfaces of the side protection plates are matched with the oblique edges of the triangular plates, then the limiting wheels, driving gears and tooth rings and the like are arranged outside the turbine shells, and finally the guide vanes are connected with the sliding blocks through the supporting rods;

[0016] S3, after the guide vane related structures are completely arranged, the turbine blades and flow restrictors and the like are arranged in the turbine shells.

[0017] Advantages

[0018] The application provides a turbine impeller and a machining process thereof.

[0019] Advantages

[0020] (1) the sliding blocks are connected with the sliding grooves, the sliding blocks can slide in the sliding grooves, the longitudinal stability of the sliding blocks is ensured, the sliding blocks are connected with the guide vanes through the supporting rods, the sliding blocks are driven to move synchronously when the guide vanes rotate, the sliding blocks are connected with the arc strips, the guide vanes are supported, and the pressure bearing of the meshing teeth is reduced.

[0021] (2) the limiting assembly is arranged, the cam is driven to rotate and contact the push plate when the guide vanes rotate and drive the sliding blocks to slide in the sliding grooves, the push plate is driven to move, the push rod drives the connecting plate to move, the clamping rod is driven to move, the sliding blocks are connected with the clamping rods through the penetrating grooves, the sliding blocks are transversely limited, and the stability of the guide vanes supported by the sliding blocks is enhanced.

[0022] (3) By setting the side protection unit, when the push rod pushes the connecting plate to move, so that the clamping rod limits the slide, the connecting plate drives the triangular plate to move, so that the triangular plate is separated from the extrusion of the side protection plate, the side protection plate is lowered by gravity and the elastic force of the spring rod, and the stability of the push rod is enhanced through the connection of the side protection groove and the push rod, so as to enhance the stability of the clamping rod limiting the slide, thereby enhancing the support of the guide vane.

[0023] (4) By setting the driving mechanism, the driving gear rotates through the meshing with the gear ring, drives the gear ring to rotate, and through the meshing of the gear ring and the gear, the rotating rod drives the guide vane to rotate, adjusts the action angle of the guide vane, so as to reduce the wear of the turbine blade and increase the working efficiency of the exhaust gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is the external structure perspective view of the application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the internal structure sectional view of the application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is the external structure perspective view of the arc strip of the application;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the external structure exploded view of the slide of the application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the external structure perspective view of the push plate of the application;

[0029] Figure 6 It is the external structure perspective view of the triangular plate of the application.

[0030] In the figure: 1, turbine shell;2, guide vane;3, driving mechanism;31, gear ring;32, rotating rod;33, gear;34, limiting wheel;35, driving gear;4, support mechanism;41, arc strip;42, support rod;43, sliding groove;44, slide;45, rotating sleeve;46, pin rod;47, support;48, through slot;49, limiting assembly;491, clamping rod;492, fixed plate;493, connecting plate;494, push rod;495, push plate;496, spring;497, cam;498, side protection unit;4981, triangular plate;4982, side protection plate;4983, tangent;4984, embedding groove;4985, spring rod;4986, side protection groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Clearly, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1-6 The present application provides a technical solution: a turbine impeller:

[0033] Embodiment one:

[0034] Reference to the description of the accompanying Figure 2 , attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 , including turbine shell 1, the inner surface of turbine shell 1 is provided with guide vane 2, the outer part of guide vane 2 is respectively provided with driving mechanism 3 and supporting mechanism 4; supporting mechanism 4 includes arc strip 41 and support rod 42, the outer surface of arc strip 41 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of turbine shell 1, the top of arc strip 41 is provided with sliding groove 43, the inner surface of sliding groove 43 is slidably connected with sliding block 44, both ends of support rod 42 are fixedly connected with rotating sleeve 45, the outer surface of one side rotating sleeve 45 is movably connected with the outer surface of sliding block 44, the inner surface of one side rotating sleeve 45 is rotatably connected with pin rod 46, one end of pin rod 46 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of sliding block 44, the outer surface of one side rotating sleeve 45 is rotatably connected with support 47, the outer surface of support 47 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of guide vane 2, the inside of arc strip 41 is provided with through groove 48, the inner surface of through groove 48 is communicated with the inner surface of sliding groove 43, the inner surface of through groove 48 is provided with limiting assembly 49, by setting supporting mechanism 4, firstly, the connection of sliding block 44 and sliding groove 43 can make sliding block 44 slide in sliding groove 43, which ensures the longitudinal stability of sliding block 44, at the same time, through the connection of sliding block 44 and guide vane 2 by support rod 42, the connection of rotating sleeve 45, pin rod 46 and support 47 facilitates the synchronous movement of sliding block 44 when guide vane 2 rotates, so as to support guide vane 2 through the connection of sliding block 44 and arc strip 41, in order to reduce the pressure bearing of meshing teeth.

[0035] Embodiment two:

[0036] On the basis of embodiment one, reference is made to the description of the accompanying Figure 2 and attached Figure 5The limiting assembly 49 comprises a clamping rod 491 and a fixed plate 492. The outer surface of the clamping rod 491 is in sliding connection with the turbine shell 1 and the inner surface of the through groove 48 respectively. The outer surface of the clamping rod 491 is in penetrating and movable connection with the inner part of the sliding block 44. The outer surface of the fixed plate 492 is in fixed connection with the inner surface of the turbine shell 1. Through the connection of the clamping rod 491 and the sliding block 44, the sliding block 44 can be transversely limited, thereby enhancing the stability of the support of the sliding block 44 on the guide vane 2, so as to reduce the pressure bearing of the meshing teeth. The outer part of the fixed plate 492 is provided with a connecting plate 493. The outer surface of the connecting plate 493 is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the turbine shell 1. The outer surface of the connecting plate 493 is in fixed connection with one end of the clamping rod 491. The clamping rod 491 is provided with a plurality of clamping rods at equal angles on the surface of the connecting plate 493. The inner part of the fixed plate 492 is in penetrating and sliding connection with a push rod 494. The outer part of the push rod 494 is provided with a side protection unit 498. One end of the push rod 494 is in fixed connection with the outer surface of the connecting plate 493. The combination of the push rod 494 and the connecting plate 493 can support and guide the clamping rod 491. One end of the push rod 494 is fixedly connected with a push plate 495. The outer surface of the push plate 495 is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the turbine shell 1. The outer surface of the push plate 495 is movably connected with a cam 497. The output end of the cam 497 is in penetrating and rotary connection with the inner part of the turbine shell 1. The output end of the cam 497 is linked through the combination of the tooth ring 31 and the gear 33 (including but not limited to), and is driven by the external rudder machine. Through the combination of the cam 497, the push plate 495 and the spring 496, the clamping rod 491 can reciprocate, thereby facilitating the sliding of the sliding block 44 and the limiting of the sliding block 44 by the clamping rod 491. Through the limiting assembly 49, after the guide vane 2 rotates and drives the sliding block 44 to slide in the sliding groove 43, the cam 497 rotates and contacts the push plate 495, thereby driving the push plate 495 to move, so that the push rod 494 drives the connecting plate 493 to move, so that the clamping rod 491 moves, and is connected with the sliding block 44 through the penetrating through groove 48, thereby transversely limiting the sliding block 44, so as to enhance the stability of the support of the sliding block 44 on the guide vane 2.

[0037] Embodiment three:

[0038] On the basis of embodiment two, refer to the description attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 6The side protection unit 498 comprises a triangular plate 4981 and a side protection plate 4982. The outer surface of the triangular plate 4981 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the connecting plate 493. The outer surface of the side protection plate 4982 is movably connected with the inner portion of the turbine shell 1. The outer surface of the side protection plate 4982 is provided with a tangent plane 4983. The outer surface of the tangent plane 4983 is movably connected with the oblique side of the triangular plate 4981. The outer surface of the side protection plate 4982 is provided with an embedding groove 4984. The inner surface of the embedding groove 4984 is fixedly connected with a spring rod 4985. One end of the spring rod 4985 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell 1. The outer surface of the side protection plate 4982 is provided with a side protection groove 4986. The inner surface of the side protection groove 4986 is movably connected with the outer surface of the push rod 494. Through the arrangement of the side protection unit 498, when the connecting plate 493 is driven to move by the push rod 494, so that the clamping rod 491 limits the sliding block 44, the connecting plate 493 drives the triangular plate 4981 to move, so that the triangular plate 4981 is separated from the extrusion of the side protection plate 4982. The side protection plate 4982 is lowered by gravity and the elastic force of the spring rod 4985, and is connected with the push rod 494 through the side protection groove 4986, so as to enhance the stability of the push rod 494, so as to enhance the stability of the clamping rod 491 limiting the sliding block 44, so as to enhance the support to the guide vane 2.

[0039] Embodiment four:

[0040] On the basis of embodiment three, with reference to the description, the drawings Figure 1 , the drawings Figure 2 and the drawings Figure 3 , the driving mechanism 3 comprises a gear ring 31 and a rotating rod 32. The outer surface of the rotating rod 32 is rotatably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell 1. The outer surface of the rotating rod 32 is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the guide vane 2. The outer surface of the rotating rod 32 is rotatably connected with the inner portion of the turbine shell 1. The rotating rod 32 can support and guide the guide vane 2. The outer surface of the gear ring 31 is rotatably connected with the outer surface of the turbine shell 1. The inner wall of the gear ring 31 is engaged with a gear 33. The outer surface of the gear 33 is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating rod 32. The combination of the gear ring 31 and the gear 33 can facilitate the linkage of multiple guide vanes 2. The outer surface of the gear ring 31 is movably connected with a limiting wheel 34. The limiting wheel 34 can clamp the gear ring 31 to enhance the stability of the gear ring 31. The outer surface of the gear ring 31 is engaged with a driving gear 35. The driving gear 35 is connected with the output end of an external steering machine. The output shafts of the limiting wheel 34 and the driving gear 35 are rotatably connected with the inner portion of the turbine shell 1. Through the arrangement of the driving mechanism 3, the rotation of the driving gear 35 drives the gear ring 31 to rotate through the engagement with the gear ring 31. The rotating rod 32 is driven to rotate by the engagement of the gear ring 31 and the gear 33. The angle of the guide vane 2 is adjusted to reduce the wear of the turbine blade and increase the working efficiency of the exhaust gas.

[0041] The application further discloses a machining process of the turbine impeller.

[0042] S1, first, existing turbine shell 1, gear 33, gear ring 31, guide vane 2, flow limiter cover and other structures are machined according to design dimensions, then arc strip 41, connecting plate 493, clamping rod 491, cam 497 and supporting rod 42 and other structures are machined, then sliding groove 43 is formed on the surface of arc strip 41, and sliding block 44 is arranged in sliding groove 43;

[0043] S2, after all the workpieces are formed, arc strip 41 is first installed in turbine shell 1 and located outside the installation area of rotating rod 32, then guide vane 2, rotating rod 32, gear 33 and other structures are assembled and installed in turbine shell 1, triangular plate 4981 is installed on connecting plate 493, side guard plate 4982 is installed on the inner wall of turbine shell 1 through spring rod 4985, the tangent plane 4983 of side guard plate 4982 is matched with the hypotenuse of triangular plate 4981, then limiting wheel 34, driving gear 35 and gear ring 31 and other structures are installed outside turbine shell 1, and guide vane 2 is connected with sliding block 44 through supporting rod 42;

[0044] S3, after the installation of guide vane 2 and related structures is completed, turbine blades and flow limiter cover and other structures can be installed in turbine shell 1.

[0045] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in the specification all belong to the prior art known by those skilled in the art.

[0046] In operation, first, the external steering engine drives the driving gear 35 to rotate, and through the meshing of the driving gear 35 and the gear ring 31, the gear ring 31 rotates synchronously, and at the same time, due to the meshing of the gear ring 31 and the gear 33, the plurality of rotating rods 32 drive the guide vane 2 to rotate synchronously, so as to adjust the action angle of the guide vane 2, and at the same time the guide vane 2 rotates, the support rod 42 is connected with the pin rod 46 and the bracket 47 through the rotating sleeve 45, so as to drive the sliding block 44 to slide in the sliding groove 43, and the relative position of the sliding block 44 is adjusted through the sliding of the sliding block 44, so as to support the guide vane 2 in real time, and after the action angle of the guide vane 2 is determined, the relative position of the sliding block 44 in the sliding groove 43 is determined, then the external steering engine drives the cam 497 to rotate, so that the cam 497 drives the push plate 495 to slide, thereby driving the connecting plate 493 to move with the push rod 494, so that the clamping rod 491 moves with the connecting plate 493, and is connected with the sliding block 44 through the insertion of the through slot 48, so as to limit the sliding block 44, and through the combination of the sliding block 44 and the arc strip 41, the guide vane 2 is stably supported, so as to reduce the pressure bearing of the meshing teeth between the gear ring 31 and the gear 33, and at the same time the connecting plate 493 moves, the triangular plate 4981 moves synchronously, the triangular plate 4981 is separated from the extrusion of the opposite side guard plate 4982, and the side guard plate 4982 is lowered through its own gravity and the elastic force of the spring rod 4985, and after the side guard plate 4982 is lowered, the side guard groove 4986 wraps the push rod 494, so that the side guard plate 4982 is connected with the push rod 494 and supports the push rod 494, so as to enhance the stability of the push rod 494 and offset the stress of the push rod 494, thereby enhancing the stability of the clamping rod 491 limiting the sliding block 44, so that the guide vane 2 is stably supported, thereby reducing the pressure bearing of the meshing teeth between the gear ring 31 and the gear 33, and ensuring that the guide vane 2 can work stably for a long time, thereby prolonging the service life of the device.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used merely to distinguish one entity or action from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. In addition, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that a process, method, article, or device that includes a list of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those having ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, alternatives, and variations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A turbomachine impeller comprising a turbine shell (1), the inner surface of which is provided with vanes (2), characterized in that: The outer part of the guide vane (2) is respectively provided with a driving mechanism (3) and a supporting mechanism (4); The supporting mechanism (4) comprises an arc strip (41) and a support rod (42), the outer surface of the arc strip (41) is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell (1), the top of the arc strip (41) is provided with a sliding groove (43), the inner surface of the sliding groove (43) is slidably connected with a sliding block (44), the two ends of the support rod (42) are fixedly connected with a rotating sleeve (45), the outer surface of one side of the rotating sleeve (45) is movably connected with the outer surface of the sliding block (44), the inner surface of one side of the rotating sleeve (45) is rotatably connected with a pin rod (46), one end of the pin rod (46) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the sliding block (44), the inner surface of one side of the rotating sleeve (45) is rotatably connected with a support (47), the outer surface of the support (47) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the guide vane (2), the inside of the arc strip (41) is provided with a through groove (48), the inner surface of the through groove (48) is communicated with the inner surface of the sliding groove (43), the inner surface of the through groove (48) is provided with a limiting assembly (49); The limiting assembly (49) comprises a clamping rod (491) and a fixed plate (492), the outer surface of the clamping rod (491) is slidably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell (1) and the through groove (48) respectively, the outer surface of the clamping rod (491) is movably connected with the inside of the sliding block (44), the outer surface of the fixed plate (492) is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell (1), the outside of the fixed plate (492) is provided with a connecting plate (493), the outer surface of the connecting plate (493) is slidably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell (1), the outer surface of the connecting plate (493) is fixedly connected with one end of the clamping rod (491); The inside of the fixed plate (492) is slidably connected with a push rod (494), the outside of the push rod (494) is provided with a side protection unit (498), one end of the push rod (494) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the connecting plate (493), one end of the push rod (494) is fixedly connected with a push plate (495), the outer surface of the push plate (495) is slidably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell (1), the outer surface of the push rod (494) is sleeved with a spring (496), the outer surface of the push plate (495) is movably connected with a cam (497), the output end of the cam (497) is rotatably connected with the inside of the turbine shell (1).

2. A turbine wheel according to claim 1, characterised in that: The side protection unit (498) comprises a triangular plate (4981) and a side protection plate (4982), the outer surface of the triangular plate (4981) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the connecting plate (493), the outer surface of the side protection plate (4982) is movably connected with the inside of the turbine shell (1), the outer surface of the side protection plate (4982) is provided with a tangent plane (4983), the outer surface of the tangent plane (4983) is movably connected with the oblique side of the triangular plate (4981).

3. A turbine wheel according to claim 2, wherein: The outer surface of the side guard plate (4982) is provided with an embedding groove (4984), the inner surface of the embedding groove (4984) is fixedly connected with a spring rod (4985), one end of the spring rod (4985) is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell (1), the outer surface of the side guard plate (4982) is provided with a side guard groove (4986), and the inner surface of the side guard groove (4986) is movably connected with the outer surface of the push rod (494).

4. A turbine wheel according to claim 1, wherein: The driving mechanism (3) comprises a gear ring (31) and a rotating rod (32), the outer surface of the rotating rod (32) is rotatably connected with the inner surface of the turbine shell (1), the outer surface of the rotating rod (32) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the guide vane (2), the outer surface of the rotating rod (32) is rotatably connected with the inside of the turbine shell (1), the outer surface of the gear ring (31) is rotatably connected with the outer surface of the turbine shell (1), the inner wall of the gear ring (31) is engaged with a gear (33), and the outer surface of the gear (33) is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating rod (32).

5. A turbine wheel according to claim 4, wherein: The outer surface of the gear ring (31) movably connects with a limiting wheel (34), the outer surface of the gear ring (31) is engaged with a driving gear (35), and the output shafts of the limiting wheel (34) and the driving gear (35) are rotatably connected with the inside of the turbine shell (1).

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