A control circuit for an in-vehicle electric appliance and an in-vehicle electric appliance system

Abstract

The application discloses a control circuit of a vehicle-mounted electric appliance, and relates to the field of circuits.The control circuit comprises a starting switch and a control module, and the control module controls the conduction and turn-off of the starting switch through a received control signal to realize power supply control of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance.The starting switch is connected in series in a power supply circuit between a vehicle battery and a switching power supply of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance, and the turn-off of the starting switch directly disconnects the power supply circuit of the switching power supply of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance, completely cuts off the connection between the electric appliance and the vehicle battery, avoids related safety hazards, improves the stability and reliability of the control circuit of the entire vehicle-mounted electric appliance, avoids possible damage of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance and the vehicle battery, and further guarantees the safety of the entire vehicle body and the vehicle-mounted electric appliance.The application also discloses a vehicle-mounted electric appliance system, which has the same beneficial effects as the control circuit of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuits, and in particular to a control circuit for an in-vehicle electrical appliance. This invention also relates to an in-vehicle electrical appliance system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the automotive industry, the types of in-vehicle electrical appliances are also constantly expanding. The power supply control of these appliances has become a pressing issue. Generally, electronic switches are widely used. An electronic switch is a device that uses semiconductor devices to replace traditional mechanical contact switches, although traditional mechanical switch contacts can also be used. However, when the power of in-vehicle electrical appliances is high, the high power characteristics of the downstream load result in a very large supply current from the 12V car battery. When the downstream load power exceeds 120W, the battery output current reaches over 10A, and this current increases with the increase in load power. In this situation, the required traditional mechanical switch contacts would be extremely large, posing a risk of overheating and burnout, resulting in significant safety hazards in automotive applications. Clearly, mechanical switches are no longer suitable for high-power in-vehicle electrical applications, so electronic switches are now the most commonly used. The majority of electronic switches use the ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) line for control. The ACC line is the power-on line; control using the ACC line means control is achieved via the car's ignition key.

[0003] In existing technologies, there are two main methods for ACC control. The first method directly controls the MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) via the ACC line, applying a 12V voltage to the MOS gate and controlling its conduction and cutoff to achieve electronic switching. The second method controls the internal switching power supply of the appliance via the ACC line. While this approach can accommodate the complex circuitry within the vehicle's electrical components, the ACC line only controls the power supply's enable. Since the power supply's input terminals are connected to numerous capacitors, resistors, and chips, this control scheme only controls whether the power supply is operating; it cannot disconnect the entire circuit from the battery. This means that regardless of whether the vehicle is running, as long as the appliance is connected to the battery, voltage remains in the capacitors, resistors, and chips. If these components fail, it can damage the vehicle's electrical equipment or even cause serious accidents such as fires. Overall, both ACC control methods are based on the control of the start key and directly affect the appliance itself. This makes it impossible to completely disconnect the appliance from the battery, which can easily lead to safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a control circuit and system for vehicle electrical appliances. The start switch is connected in series in the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery and the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance. When the start switch is turned off, it directly disconnects the power supply circuit of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance, completely cutting off the connection between the appliance and the battery, avoiding related safety hazards, improving the stability and reliability of the entire control circuit of the vehicle electrical appliance, avoiding potential damage to the vehicle electrical appliance and the vehicle battery, and further ensuring the safety of the entire vehicle body and the vehicle electrical appliances.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a control circuit for vehicle electrical appliances, including a start switch and a control module. The start switch is connected in series in the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery and the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance. The control terminal of the start switch is connected to the output terminal of the control module, and the input terminal of the control module is connected to a control signal.

[0006] The control module is used to control the start switch to turn on when it receives the control signal, so that the vehicle battery can supply power to the vehicle electrical appliances; and to control the start switch to turn off when it does not receive the control signal.

[0007] Preferably, the control module includes a first control switch and a first current-limiting resistor. The first end of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance and the first end of the vehicle battery, respectively. The second end of the first control switch is connected to the first end of the first control switch and the control end of the start switch, respectively. The second end of the first control switch is connected to the second end of the vehicle battery and the first end of the start switch, respectively. The second end of the start switch is connected to the second end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance, and the control end of the first control switch receives a control signal.

[0008] The first control switch is used to turn off when the control signal is received, so that the start switch is turned on; and to turn on when the control signal is not received, so that the start switch is turned off.

[0009] Preferably, the control module further includes a first resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the first control switch, and the second end of which is connected to the second terminal of the first control switch, the second terminal of the vehicle battery, and the first terminal of the start switch.

[0010] Preferably, the control module further includes a second control switch, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the first current-limiting resistor, the first end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance, and the first end of the vehicle battery, and the second end is connected to the control end of the first control switch and the first end of the first resistor, and the control end receives a control signal.

[0011] The second control switch is used to turn on when the control signal is received, so that the first control switch is turned off; and to turn off when the control signal is not received, so that the first control switch is turned on.

[0012] Preferably, the control module further includes a second current-limiting resistor, the first end of which is connected to a control signal, and the second end of which is connected to the control terminal of the second control switch.

[0013] Preferably, the control module further includes a second resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the second control switch and the second end of the second current-limiting resistor, and the second end is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the first control switch, the second end of the vehicle battery and the first end of the start switch.

[0014] Preferably, the device further includes a voltage regulator module, the positive terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the first control switch, the second terminal of the vehicle battery, and the first terminal of the start switch, and the negative terminal is connected to the control terminal of the start switch, the first terminal of the first control switch, and the second terminal of the first current-limiting resistor.

[0015] Preferably, the start switch is a power electronic switch.

[0016] Preferably, the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance includes N sub-switching power supplies. Correspondingly, the start switch includes N start sub-switches, the control module includes N control sub-modules, the vehicle battery and the N sub-switching power supplies are connected through N power supply circuits respectively, the N sub-switching power supplies correspond one-to-one with the N power supply circuits, the N start sub-switches correspond one-to-one with the N sub-switching power supplies and are connected in series in the N power supply circuits, and the control terminals of the N start sub-switches are connected one-to-one with the output terminals of the N control sub-modules, where N is a positive integer.

[0017] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a vehicle-mounted electrical system, comprising a vehicle-mounted electrical appliance body and a control circuit for the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance as described above, wherein the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance body and the control circuit for the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance are connected.

[0018] This invention provides a control circuit for vehicle-mounted electrical appliances, including a start switch and a control module. The control module controls the start switch to turn on and off based on received control signals, thereby controlling the power supply to the vehicle-mounted electrical appliances. The start switch is connected in series in the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery and the switching power supply of the vehicle-mounted electrical appliances. Turning it off directly disconnects the power supply circuit of the switching power supply of the vehicle-mounted electrical appliances, completely severing the connection between the appliances and the battery, avoiding related safety hazards, improving the stability and reliability of the entire control circuit for the vehicle-mounted electrical appliances, preventing potential damage to the appliances and the battery, and further ensuring the safety of the entire vehicle body and the vehicle-mounted electrical appliances.

[0019] The present invention also provides an in-vehicle electrical system that has the same beneficial effects as the control circuit of the aforementioned in-vehicle electrical system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the prior art and embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the control circuit for an in-vehicle electrical appliance provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another vehicle-mounted electrical control circuit provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-vehicle electrical system provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The core of this invention is to provide a control circuit and system for vehicle electrical appliances. The start switch is connected in series in the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery and the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance. When the start switch is turned off, it directly disconnects the power supply circuit of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance, completely cutting off the connection between the appliance and the battery, avoiding related safety hazards, improving the stability and reliability of the entire control circuit of the vehicle electrical appliance, avoiding potential damage to the vehicle electrical appliance and the vehicle battery, and further ensuring the safety of the entire vehicle body and the vehicle electrical appliances.

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] This invention provides a control circuit for in-vehicle electrical appliances, applicable to automotive electrical appliances, particularly high-power in-vehicle appliances such as in-vehicle amplifiers and refrigerators. High-power in-vehicle appliances refer to appliances with a power greater than 100W used in automobiles. This application does not impose specific limitations on the types and specific implementation methods of the in-vehicle electrical appliances; adjustments can be made according to the application scenarios and functions of the automobile in actual use. Similarly, this application does not impose specific limitations on the specific type of automobile in which the in-vehicle electrical appliance is located; it can be applied to in-vehicle electrical appliances in various automobiles. Detailed implementation methods are described below.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the control circuit for an in-vehicle electrical appliance provided by the present invention;

[0028] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another vehicle-mounted electrical control circuit provided by the present invention;

[0029] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a control circuit 21 for vehicle electrical appliances, including a start switch Q1 and a control module 4. The start switch Q1 is connected in series in the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery 1 and the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance RL. The control terminal of the start switch Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the control module 4, and the input terminal of the control module 4 is connected to the control signal.

[0030] The control module 4 is used to control the start switch Q1 to turn on when a control signal is received, so that the vehicle battery 1 can supply power to the vehicle electrical appliances RL; and to control the start switch Q1 to turn off when no control signal is received.

[0031] Specifically, when control module 4 receives a control signal, if vehicle battery 1 needs to supply power to vehicle electrical appliance RL, then start switch Q1 in the power supply circuit connected in series between vehicle battery 1 and the switching power supply of vehicle electrical appliance RL needs to be turned on so that vehicle battery 1 can supply power to the switching power supply of vehicle electrical appliance RL. After receiving power, the switching power supply starts and supplies power to vehicle electrical appliance RL, and vehicle electrical appliance RL enters the working state and performs the corresponding function. If control module 4 does not receive a control signal, it means that vehicle electrical appliance RL does not need to work at this time, and vehicle battery 1 does not need to supply power to vehicle electrical appliance RL. Start switch Q1 is turned off, so that the power supply circuit between vehicle battery 1 and vehicle electrical appliance RL is completely disconnected, avoiding damage to components such as vehicle electrical appliance RL and vehicle battery 1 due to incomplete circuit disconnection, as well as safety hazards such as fire.

[0032] It is understood that the control module 4 of this invention can be controlled by ACC, as well as by other action switches, and can also be programmed and controlled using an MCU (Micro Controller Unit), offering high flexibility. Furthermore, when the control module 4 does not receive a control signal, it is equivalent to an open circuit, unable to form a loop with the positive and negative terminals of the battery, thus enhancing safety. The control signal input to the control module 4 can be implemented in various ways. It can be implemented directly using the output signal of the ACC line, or through other control circuits or processors, or even manually if necessary. Control signals output by the processor can have preset timing sequences or trigger conditions, making the control method more flexible and effective. This application does not impose specific limitations on the specific implementation method and type of the control signal; it can be set and adjusted according to actual application needs and the specific structure of the vehicle's interior. The default state can be set so that the start switch Q1 is in the off state until a control signal is received to perform a conduction operation, activating the corresponding vehicle electrical appliance RL.

[0033] Considering that the existing control method for the ACC line cannot completely disconnect the connection between the electrical appliance and the battery, a starter switch Q1 is set up in series in the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery 1 and the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance RL. The opening and closing of the starter switch Q1 directly affects the power supply circuit. When it is closed, it can effectively and completely cut off the power supply between the vehicle battery 1 and the vehicle electrical appliance RL, so that the positive and negative terminals of the vehicle battery 1 cannot form a circuit, effectively avoiding safety hazards such as device damage and fire.

[0034] It is understandable that, since the vehicle electrical appliance RL is generally powered by the corresponding switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance RL when it is working, and the vehicle battery 1 mainly provides power to the switching power supply to realize the starting process of the switching power supply, the start switch Q1 directly acts on the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery 1 and the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance RL to realize the control process of whether the vehicle electrical appliance RL is powered.

[0035] Specifically, this application does not impose any particular limitations on the type and implementation of the control module 4 and the start switch Q1. The control module 4 can be implemented by a control circuit composed of power electronic switches, or by other devices or circuits. The start switch Q1 can be implemented by switching devices such as power electronic switches and relays. The specific implementation can be selected and adjusted according to the specific vehicle type and application requirements. The specific parameters such as rated overflow and withstand voltage can be selected flexibly according to the actual situation.

[0036] It should be noted that this application does not impose any special limitations on the specific type and implementation method of the vehicle battery 1 and the vehicle, nor on the implementation method of the number, type, and specific correspondence of the vehicle electrical appliances RL and their corresponding switching power supplies. The control circuit provided in this application can be applied to various types of vehicle electrical appliances, and can be applied to multiple vehicle electrical appliances or multiple switching power supplies simultaneously. The same vehicle electrical appliance may only require one switching power supply, or multiple switching power supplies may be required. For example, there may be situations where vehicle electrical appliances require different switching power supplies such as 36V, 26V, and 12V to power different modules or devices inside the appliance. This application does not impose any special limitations on the number of application objects or specific implementation methods of the control circuit provided in this application.

[0037] It should be noted that the control circuit 21 of the vehicle electrical appliance provided by the present invention can be used independently in conjunction with subsequent electrical appliances, and can be designed as a separate circuit between the vehicle battery 1 and the vehicle electrical appliance RL, or it can be directly designed into the electrical appliance and used as part of the electrical appliance's own circuit structure.

[0038] This invention provides a control circuit 21 for a vehicle-mounted electrical appliance, including a start switch Q1 and a control module 4. The control module 4 controls the start switch Q1 to turn on and off based on received control signals, thereby controlling the power supply to the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance RL. The start switch Q1 is connected in series in the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery 1 and the switching power supply of the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance RL. Turning it off directly disconnects the power supply circuit of the switching power supply of the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance RL, completely cutting off the connection between the appliance and the battery, avoiding related safety hazards, improving the stability and reliability of the entire control circuit 21 for the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance, preventing potential damage to the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance RL and the vehicle battery 1, and further ensuring the safety of the entire vehicle body and the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance RL.

[0039] The present invention also provides an in-vehicle electrical system that has the same beneficial effects as the control circuit 21 of the in-vehicle electrical system described above.

[0040] Based on the above embodiments,

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 4 includes a first control switch Q2 and a first current-limiting resistor R1. The first end of the first current-limiting resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance RL and the first end of the vehicle battery 1, respectively. The second end is connected to the first end of the first control switch Q2 and the control end of the start switch Q1, respectively. The second end of the first control switch Q2 is connected to the second end of the vehicle battery 1 and the first end of the start switch Q1, respectively. The second end of the start switch Q1 is connected to the second end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance RL, and the control end of the first control switch Q2 is connected to a control signal.

[0042] The first control switch Q2 is used to turn off when a control signal is received, so that the start switch Q1 is turned on; and to turn on when no control signal is received, so that the start switch Q1 is turned off.

[0043] Specifically, the control signal controls the on / off state of the start switch Q1 by turning the first control switch Q2 on and off. The first current-limiting resistor R1 serves as a current-limiting voltage divider, protecting the circuit. When the control terminal of the first control switch Q2 receives a control signal, the first control switch Q2 turns off. At this time, the control terminal of the start switch Q1 turns on under the voltage control of the first terminal of the first control switch Q2, thus enabling the vehicle battery 1 to supply power to the vehicle electrical appliance RL. When the control terminal of the first control switch Q2 does not receive a control signal, the first control switch Q2 turns on. At this time, the control terminal of the start switch Q1 turns off under the voltage control of the first terminal of the first control switch Q2, and the vehicle electrical appliance RL does not need to be powered. In particular, when the first control switch Q2 is a transistor, due to the current amplification effect of the transistor, stable and accurate control of the start switch Q1 can be achieved with a smaller control signal, further reducing the requirements for the control signal.

[0044] It is understood that this application does not impose any special restrictions on the specific type and implementation of the first control switch Q2 and the first current-limiting resistor R1. The first control switch Q2 can be a power electronic device such as a transistor or a MOSFET, or other types of switching devices can be selected. The first current-limiting resistor R1 is generally a fixed resistor, but a variable resistor or other impedance module can also be selected. There are also various ways to choose the resistance value of the first current-limiting resistor R1. The specific implementation can be selected and adjusted according to the actual application requirements.

[0045] As a specific implementation of the control module 4, the start switch Q1 is controlled by turning the first control switch Q2 on and off. The circuit structure is simple, easy to implement, and highly stable. It effectively realizes the function of the control module 4, ensures the accurate control of the start switch Q1 by the control module 4, ensures the accurate implementation of the entire control circuit, and further improves the safety and reliability of the entire control circuit.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 4 further includes a first resistor R2, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the first control switch Q2, and the second end of which is connected to the second terminal of the first control switch Q2, the second terminal of the vehicle battery 1, and the first terminal of the start switch Q1.

[0047] To ensure circuit stability and safety, a first resistor R2 is added to control module 4, connected between the second terminal of the vehicle battery 1 and the control terminal of the first control switch Q2. Resistor R2 acts as a current limiter and voltage divider, further protecting the circuit and improving the overall stability of control module 4. Simultaneously, resistor R2 enhances the anti-interference capability of the first control switch Q2, preventing misoperation or other issues caused by interference. This application does not impose specific limitations on the type, value, or implementation method of resistor R2; a fixed resistor or a variable resistor or other impedance module can be used. The specific implementation can be selected and adjusted according to actual application requirements.

[0048] Considering the stability and safety of the circuit, a first resistor R2 is added to the control module 4, which is connected between the second terminal of the vehicle battery 1 and the control terminal of the first control switch Q2. The structure is simple and easy to implement, which further ensures the stability and reliability of the entire control module 4 circuit, guarantees the accurate control of the start switch Q1 by the control module 4, ensures the accurate implementation of the entire control circuit, and further improves the safety and reliability of the entire control circuit.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 4 further includes a second control switch Q3. The first end of the second control switch Q3 is connected to the first end of the first current-limiting resistor R1, the first end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance RL, and the first end of the vehicle battery 1, respectively. The second end is connected to the control end of the first control switch Q2 and the first end of the first resistor R2, respectively. The control end receives a control signal.

[0050] The second control switch Q3 is used to turn on when a control signal is received, so that the first control switch Q2 is turned off; and to turn off when no control signal is received, so that the first control switch Q2 is turned on.

[0051] Specifically, a second control switch Q3 is added to control module 4. This second control switch Q3 controls the on / off state of the first control switch Q2, thereby further controlling the start switch Q1. Through the second control switch Q3, the first control switch Q2, and the start switch Q1 form a multi-level control structure, making the control process of the start switch Q1 by control module 4 more accurate and reliable. In particular, when the second control switch Q3 is a transistor, due to the current amplification effect of the transistor, a small current at the base of the second control switch Q3 can achieve stable control of the first control switch Q2, allowing stable control of the start switch Q1 even with a very small control signal. This application does not specifically limit the specific type and implementation of the second control switch Q3. It can be a power electronic device such as a transistor or MOSFET, or other types of switching devices such as optocouplers; the specific implementation can be selected and adjusted according to actual application requirements.

[0052] A second control switch Q3 is added to control module 4. The control of the first control switch Q2 by the second control switch Q3 controls the start switch Q1, forming a multi-level control structure. The circuit structure is simple and easy to implement, which improves the safety and reliability of control module 4, further ensures the accuracy of control module 4, effectively realizes the function of control module 4, and further ensures the accurate implementation of the entire control circuit.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 4 further includes a second current-limiting resistor R4, the first end of which is connected to a control signal, and the second end of which is connected to the control terminal of the second control switch Q3.

[0054] Understandably, the addition of a second current-limiting resistor R4 between the input of the control signal and the control terminal of the second control switch Q3 in control module 4 serves as a voltage divider and current limiter, further protecting the circuit. It also prevents the second control switch Q3 from mis-conducting or failing to conduct stably due to instability in the control signal, thus further ensuring the stability and reliability of control module 4. This application does not impose specific limitations on the specific type, resistance value, or implementation method of the second current-limiting resistor R4. A fixed resistor or a variable resistor or other impedance module can be used, and the specific implementation can be selected and adjusted according to actual application requirements.

[0055] To further protect the circuit of control module 4, a second current-limiting resistor R4 is added to control module 4, which serves as a voltage divider and current limiter, further protecting the circuit. At the same time, it avoids the situation where the second control switch Q3 is mis-activated or cannot be stably turned on due to the instability of the control signal, further ensuring the stability and reliability of control module 4, ensuring the accurate control of start switch Q1 by control module 4, ensuring the accurate implementation of the entire control circuit, and further improving the safety and reliability of the entire control circuit.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 4 further includes a second resistor R3. The first end of the second resistor R3 is connected to the control terminal of the second control switch Q3 and the second end of the second current-limiting resistor R4. The second end is connected to the second end of the first resistor R2, the second end of the first control switch Q2, the second end of the vehicle battery 1, and the first end of the start switch Q1.

[0057] To ensure circuit stability and safety, a second resistor R3 is added to control module 4, connected between the second terminal of the vehicle battery 1 and the control terminal of the second control switch Q3. The second resistor R3 acts as a current limiter and voltage divider, further protecting the circuit and improving the overall stability of control module 4. Simultaneously, the second resistor R3 enhances the anti-interference capability of the second control switch Q3, preventing erroneous activation or other issues caused by interference. This application does not impose specific limitations on the type, value, or implementation method of the second resistor R3; a fixed resistor or a variable resistor or other impedance module can be used. The specific implementation can be selected and adjusted according to actual application requirements.

[0058] Considering the stability and safety of the circuit, a second resistor R3 is added to the control module 4, connected between the second terminal of the vehicle battery 1 and the control terminal of the second control switch Q3. The structure is simple and easy to implement, which further ensures the stability and reliability of the entire control module 4 circuit, guarantees the accurate control of the start switch Q1 by the control module 4, ensures the accurate implementation of the entire control circuit, and further improves the safety and reliability of the entire control circuit.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a voltage regulator module DZ1. The positive terminal of the voltage regulator module DZ1 is connected to the second terminal of the first control switch Q2, the second terminal of the vehicle battery 1, and the first terminal of the start switch Q1, respectively. The negative terminal is connected to the control terminal of the start switch Q1, the first terminal of the first control switch Q2, and the second terminal of the first current limiting resistor R1, respectively.

[0060] Considering that the switching on and off of the starting resistor requires stable voltage control, a voltage regulator module DZ1 is added to control module 4, which is connected between the first terminal of the starting switch Q1 and the control terminal of the starting switch Q1. The voltage regulator module DZ1 can provide a stable voltage to the control terminal of the starting switch Q1, avoiding the situation where the starting switch Q1 is mistakenly turned on or off due to unstable voltage or current in the circuit, improving the anti-interference of the control process of the starting switch Q1, and ensuring accurate control of the starting switch Q1.

[0061] Specifically, the voltage regulator module DZ1 can be a voltage regulator such as a Zener diode or a linear voltage regulator. This application does not impose any special restrictions on the specific type, output voltage value and implementation method of the voltage regulator module DZ1. It can be selected and adjusted according to the specific structure and application requirements in actual application. Generally, the voltage of the vehicle battery 1 is 12V, and the voltage regulator module DZ1 can also be set to output 12V voltage accordingly.

[0062] Considering that the switching on and off of the starting resistor requires stable voltage control, a voltage regulator module DZ1 is added to the control module 4. The voltage regulator module DZ1 provides a stable control voltage for the start switch Q1, further ensuring the accurate control of the start switch Q1 by the control module 4, ensuring the accurate implementation of the entire control circuit, and further improving the safety and reliability of the entire control circuit.

[0063] In one preferred embodiment, the start switch Q1 is a power electronic switch.

[0064] Understandably, the specific implementation of the control signal needs to take into account various factors such as the type of start switch Q1. Considering the implementation of the control signal and the accuracy of the control process, the start switch Q1 can be a power electronic switch. The control signal only needs to satisfy the on or off conditions of the power electronic switch through the control module 4 to control the start switch Q1. At the same time, the control signal of the power electronic switch is easy to implement and the control method is simple and flexible. Compared with the control method of the ACC line, the control signal of the power electronic switch can be implemented in more ways, and timing control or more complex design requirements can be achieved through the processor or other control modules 4.

[0065] It should be noted that this application does not impose any special restrictions on the specific type and implementation method of the power electronic switch. It can be a power electronic device such as a transistor, MOSFET, or IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), and the selection can be made according to factors such as the type of control signal and target requirements in the actual application.

[0066] Specifically, the start switch Q1 can be a power electronic switch. Power electronic switches offer simpler and more flexible control, strong controllability, low internal resistance, high efficiency, simple structure, small size, ease of use, low cost, no internal mechanical contacts, long service life, flexible selection, and high reliability, ensuring the accurate implementation of the entire control circuit while further improving the safety and reliability of the entire control circuit.

[0067] In one preferred embodiment, the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance RL includes N sub-switching power supplies. Correspondingly, the start switch Q1 includes N start sub-switches, the control module 4 includes N control sub-modules, the vehicle battery 1 and the N sub-switching power supplies are connected through N power supply circuits respectively, the N sub-switching power supplies correspond one-to-one with the N power supply circuits, the N start sub-switches correspond one-to-one with the N sub-switching power supplies and are connected in series in the N power supply circuits, and the control terminals of the N start sub-switches are connected one-to-one with the output terminals of the N control sub-modules, where N is a positive integer.

[0068] Considering that there are usually various types of vehicle electrical appliances in a car, and that the same vehicle electrical appliance may have multiple switching power supplies, N starter sub-switches and N control sub-modules are set up corresponding to N sub-switches. Corresponding to the N starter sub-switches, the vehicle battery 1 and the N sub-switches are connected through N power supply circuits respectively. The N sub-switches correspond one-to-one with the N power supply circuits, realizing the control process of multiple switching power supplies, thereby realizing the control of the working process of multiple vehicle electrical appliances or the control process of different modules of the same vehicle electrical appliance.

[0069] It is understood that the power supply process of the vehicle battery 1 to multiple switching power supplies can be controlled together by the same control signal, or each control submodule can apply different control signals. The N sub-switching power supplies can be different modules belonging to the same vehicle electrical appliance, or they can belong to different vehicle electrical appliances. When the operation of the N sub-switching power supplies needs to be controlled simultaneously, the N control submodules use the same control signal; when the operation of the N sub-switching power supplies does not need to be controlled simultaneously, the N control submodules can use different control signals. At the same time, the orderly control of the N sub-switching power supplies can be achieved by controlling the timing relationship between multiple control signals. This application does not make any special limitations on the specific number and implementation method of the power supply circuits, and adjustments can be made according to the specific situation of the vehicle electrical appliance RL in actual applications.

[0070] Specifically, the control process of multiple switching power supplies in the car is realized through N start sub-switches and N control sub-modules corresponding to N sub-switching power supplies. This greatly expands the control methods of vehicle electrical appliances RL. Complex control of vehicle electrical appliances inside the car can be achieved through different control of different modules of the same vehicle electrical appliance and control of different types of vehicle electrical appliances. The setting method of control signals is also more varied and flexible, which greatly improves the flexibility of vehicle electrical appliances RL and further expands the application scenarios and application scope of the entire control circuit.

[0071] As a specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 In the diagram, BAT+ and BAT- are the two output terminals of the vehicle battery 1; RL is the electrical appliance, i.e., the vehicle electrical appliance RL. A MOSFET is connected in series between the negative terminal of the electrical appliance and the battery BAT-. This MOSFET is the electronic switch that controls the connection between the battery and the electrical appliance, i.e., the start switch Q1 mentioned above. A 12V vehicle battery can be selected.

[0072] The voltage regulator module DZ1 uses a Zener diode connected in parallel between the gate (G) and source (S) terminals of the MOSFET. Its main function is to limit the Vgs voltage of the start switch Q1 from exceeding the voltage regulation value of the module DZ1, which is typically 12V. It also forms a voltage regulation circuit with the first current-limiting resistor R1, ensuring that the gate voltage of the MOSFET is stable at 12V, thus guaranteeing a low on-resistance when the MOSFET is turned on. The first control switch Q2 is a PNP transistor used to control the Vgs voltage of the start switch Q1.

[0073] The second control switch Q3, the first resistor R2, the second resistor R3, and the second current-limiting resistor R4 form a control loop. When this circuit is connected to the system, the 12V voltage of BAT+ quickly forms a loop through the first current-limiting resistor R1, the first control switch Q2, and the first resistor R2. At this time, the current flows through the emitter and base of the first control switch Q2, causing the first control switch Q2 to quickly enter the conducting state. At this time, the voltage Vgs of the start switch Q1 is limited to Vecq of the first control switch Q2, which is the saturation voltage of the transistor. This voltage is usually below 1V, so the MOSFET is in the cutoff state and does not conduct. At this time, the start switch Q1 is in the open state.

[0074] When the control terminal receives a control signal, the control signal forms a loop through the second current-limiting resistor R4, the second control switch Q3, and the first resistor R2. At this time, the second control switch Q3 quickly turns on, and the emitter voltage of the second control switch Q3 becomes VBAT + minus Vceq. If the VBAT voltage is 12V, then the emitter voltage of the second control switch Q3 is about 11.2V. At this time, the base potential of the first control switch Q2 will be raised, causing the base-emitter junction of the transistor to be forward biased. The conduction condition of the first control switch Q2 cannot be met, so the first control switch Q2 will be turned off. At this time, the gate potential of the MOSFET will be raised to 12V, causing the MOSFET to enter the conduction state. At this time, the start switch Q1 enters the closed state, and the appliance starts to work.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-vehicle electrical system provided by the present invention.

[0076] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a vehicle electrical appliance system, including a vehicle electrical appliance body 22 and a vehicle electrical appliance control circuit 21 as described above, wherein the vehicle electrical appliance body 22 and the vehicle electrical appliance control circuit 21 are connected.

[0077] Specifically, this application does not impose any particular limitations on the types, quantities, implementation methods, or other related auxiliary systems within the vehicle, including the type of vehicle electrical appliance RL. Similarly, this application does not impose any particular limitations on the specific internal structure of the control circuit 21 for the vehicle electrical appliance, but these can be adjusted according to the specific circumstances of the vehicle electrical appliance RL in actual applications.

[0078] For an introduction to the vehicle electrical system provided by the present invention, please refer to the embodiment of the control circuit 21 of the vehicle electrical system described above. The present invention will not be described again here.

[0079] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0080] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0081] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A control circuit for a vehicle-mounted electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes a start switch and a control module. The start switch is connected in series in the power supply circuit between the vehicle battery and the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliances. The control terminal of the start switch is connected to the output terminal of the control module, and the input terminal of the control module is connected to the control signal. The control module is used to control the start switch to be turned on when the control signal is received, so that the vehicle battery can supply power to the vehicle electrical appliances; and to control the start switch to be turned off when the control signal is not received. The control module includes a first control switch and a first current-limiting resistor. The first end of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance and the first end of the vehicle battery, respectively. The second end of the first control switch is connected to the first end of the first control switch and the control end of the start switch, respectively. The second end of the first control switch is connected to the second end of the vehicle battery and the first end of the start switch, respectively. The second end of the start switch is connected to the second end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance, and the control end of the first control switch receives a control signal. The first control switch is used to turn off when the control signal is received, so that the start switch is turned on; When no control signal is received, the circuit is turned on to turn off the start switch; The control module further includes a first resistor, with a first end connected to the control terminal of the first control switch, and a second end connected to the second terminal of the first control switch, the second terminal of the vehicle battery, and the first terminal of the start switch. The control module further includes a second control switch. The first end of the second control switch is connected to the first end of the first current-limiting resistor, the first end of the switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliance, and the first end of the vehicle battery. The second end is connected to the control end of the first control switch and the first end of the first resistor. The control end receives a control signal. The second control switch is used to turn on when the control signal is received, so that the first control switch is turned off; and to turn off when the control signal is not received, so that the first control switch is turned on.

2. The control circuit for vehicle-mounted electrical appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module further includes a second current-limiting resistor, the first end of which is connected to a control signal, and the second end of which is connected to the control terminal of the second control switch.

3. The control circuit for vehicle-mounted electrical appliances as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The control module further includes a second resistor. The first end of the second resistor is connected to the control terminal of the second control switch and the second end of the second current-limiting resistor, respectively. The second end is connected to the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the first control switch, the second end of the vehicle battery, and the first end of the start switch, respectively.

4. The control circuit for vehicle-mounted electrical appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulator module, the positive terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the first control switch, the second terminal of the vehicle battery and the first terminal of the start switch, and the negative terminal is connected to the control terminal of the start switch, the first terminal of the first control switch and the second terminal of the first current limiting resistor.

5. The control circuit for vehicle-mounted electrical appliances as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The start switch is a power electronic switch.

6. The control circuit for vehicle-mounted electrical appliances as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The switching power supply of the vehicle electrical appliances includes N sub-switching power supplies. Correspondingly, the start switch includes N start sub-switches, and the control module includes N control sub-modules. The vehicle battery and the N sub-switching power supplies are connected through N power supply circuits. The N sub-switching power supplies correspond one-to-one with the N power supply circuits, and the N start sub-switches correspond one-to-one with the N sub-switching power supplies, connected in series in the N power supply circuits. The control terminals of the N start sub-switches are connected one-to-one with the output terminals of the N control sub-modules. N is a positive integer.

7. A vehicle-mounted electrical system, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle-mounted electrical appliance body and a control circuit for the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance body and the control circuit for the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance are connected.

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