Highway anti-erosion retaining wall in the canyon section with overburden in mountainous rivers and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-scour retaining wall for a highway in a canyon section of a mountain river overburden layer in the field of traffic engineering and a construction method thereof, comprising a retaining wall arranged on the river side of the highway and an anti-scour structure located at the bottom of the river channel, wherein the retaining wall foundation of the retaining wall penetrates into the river bottom foundation, and the anti-scour structure comprises a reinforced concrete anti-scour plate, a reinforced concrete pile and a reinforced concrete bottom plate, wherein the reinforced concrete anti-scour plate is arranged on the upstream side, the downstream side and the side of the river channel away from the retaining wall, the reinforced concrete piles are evenly spaced in the river channel and penetrate into the river bottom foundation, and the reinforced concrete bottom plate is located above the reinforced concrete piles. By arranging a retaining wall and an anti-scour structure on the side of the river channel adjacent to the highway in the canyon section of the mountain river overburden layer, the scouring and scouring of the river channel and the foundation of the retaining wall covering the river side of the highway by mountain torrents can be effectively reduced, thereby ensuring the safety of the retaining wall on the river side of the highway in the canyon section of the mountain river overburden layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of traffic engineering, and particularly to a highway anti-erosion retaining wall and its construction method in a mountain river overburden canyon section. Background Art

[0002] For highways built in mountain river overburden canyon sections, due to the rapid flow of water in river valleys, a large longitudinal slope of the river channel, and the erosion and scouring of the river channel and the foundation of the retaining wall on the riverside during flash floods, the foundation of the retaining wall will be suspended and the retaining wall will lean outwards, resulting in cracking of the highway pavement and settlement deformation of the roadbed. Currently, there is no special anti-erosion retaining wall structure for highways in mountain river overburden canyon sections, only ordinary river retaining walls. For example, a waterproof and anti-impact retaining wall for water conservancy projects disclosed in the patent document CN211773850U mainly uses a retaining soil layer and sliding rods to buffer the impact force on the retaining wall, thereby better protecting the retaining wall. Then, the provided retaining soil layer can be used for separate drainage, thereby reducing the infiltration of water into the retaining wall due to pressure and damaging the firmness of the wall. Buffering the impact force on the retaining wall and using the provided retaining soil layer for separate drainage can effectively protect the retaining wall. However, its disadvantages are that the structure is relatively complex. In addition, once a flash flood occurs, the overburden between the fixed rods under the foundation of the retaining wall and the fill inside the retaining wall are easily scoured, resulting in the suspension of the retaining wall foundation, cracking of the upper fixed platform, and settlement deformation, posing a great safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the deficiencies of the existing retaining walls, such as the foundation being easily scoured by floods, resulting in the suspension of the retaining wall, etc., the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stable and reliable highway anti-erosion retaining wall in a mountain river overburden canyon section.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

[0005] A highway anti-erosion retaining wall in a mountain river overburden canyon section includes a retaining wall arranged on the riverside of the highway and an anti-erosion structure located at the bottom of the river channel. The retaining wall foundation of the retaining wall penetrates deep into the river bottom foundation. The anti-erosion structure includes a reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate, reinforced concrete piles, and a reinforced concrete bottom plate. The reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate is arranged on the upstream side, downstream side, and the side of the river channel away from the retaining wall of the retaining wall, and encloses a frame structure with the retaining wall foundation. The reinforced concrete piles are evenly spaced in the frame structure and penetrate deep into the river bottom foundation. The reinforced concrete bottom plate is filled in the frame structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the retaining wall is a counterfort concrete retaining wall. A clay layer and a sand-gravel-cobble layer are successively arranged from bottom to top between the retaining wall and the riverside of the highway. A drain pipe communicating the sand-gravel-cobble layer and the river channel is arranged in the retaining wall.

[0007] Furthermore, the slope ratio of the riverside of the highway is 1:0.75 to 1:1.25.

[0008] Furthermore, both the retaining wall foundation and the reinforced concrete anti-scour plate penetrate at least 3 m below the river bottom, and the thickness of the reinforced concrete anti-scour plate is not less than 1 m.

[0009] Furthermore, the pile diameter of the reinforced concrete pile is 0.8 - 1 m, the pile length is 8 - 10 m, and the reinforced concrete piles are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 4×4 m.

[0010] Furthermore, the reinforced concrete pile is replaced by a steel pipe pile with holes. The pile diameter of the steel pipe pile with holes is 108 mm, the pile length is 8 - 10 m, and the steel pipe piles with holes are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 1.5×1.5 m.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the reinforced concrete floor slab is not less than 1 m, and the top of the reinforced concrete pile is embedded into the reinforced concrete floor slab by at least 0.5 m.

[0012] Furthermore, horizontal reinforcing bars are arranged between the periphery of the reinforced concrete floor slab and the reinforced concrete anti-scour plate. The horizontal reinforcing bars are located 0.4 m below the surface layer of the reinforced concrete floor slab, the spacing of the reinforcing bars is 2 m, the length of the reinforcing bars is 1 m, and each is embedded 0.5 m into the reinforced concrete anti-scour plate and the reinforced concrete floor slab.

[0013] Furthermore, expansion joints are arranged at intervals of 10 - 12 m along the highway route direction for the retaining wall and the reinforced concrete floor slab, and the expansion joints are filled with asphalt hemp or foam board.

[0014] The construction method of the anti-scour retaining wall for the highway in the canyon section with overburden in mountainous rivers includes the following steps:

[0015] a. After cutting off the river, excavate the slope on the riverside of the highway until reaching the design elevation of the retaining wall foundation, and the slope ratio of the slope is 1:0.75 to 1:1.25;

[0016] b. Build the retaining wall on the retaining wall foundation, and embed drain pipes or leave drain holes during the building process;

[0017] c. Fill and compact the clay layer and the sand-gravel-cobble layer successively from bottom to top between the retaining wall and the slope, and the top of the clay layer does not exceed the lowest drain pipe;

[0018] d. Construct reinforced concrete piles or perforated steel pipe piles at the bottom of the river channel. If the river channel overburden is relatively deep, use reinforced concrete piles with a pile diameter of 0.8 - 1 m and a pile length of 8 - 10 m. The reinforced concrete piles are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 4×4 m. If the river channel overburden is relatively shallow, use perforated steel pipe piles with a pile diameter of 108 mm and a pile length of 8 - 10 m. The reinforced concrete piles are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 1.5×1.5 m.

[0019] e. Construct a reinforced concrete floor slab on the surface of the river channel. The thickness of the floor slab is not less than 1 m. The reinforced concrete piles or perforated steel pipe piles are embedded into the reinforced concrete floor slab by not less than 0.5 m, and horizontal inserted steel bars are set around the reinforced concrete floor slab.

[0020] f. Construct reinforced concrete anti - erosion plates on the upstream side, downstream side and the side of the river channel far from the road. The anti - erosion plates penetrate at least 3 m into the river bottom, and the top is flush with the reinforced concrete floor slab. The horizontal inserted steel bars are embedded into the reinforced concrete anti - erosion plates.

[0021] g. Set expansion joints on the retaining wall and the reinforced concrete floor slab every 10 - 12 m along the direction of the road route. The expansion joints are filled with asphalt hemp or foam boards.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting a retaining wall and an anti - erosion structure on the side of the river channel near the road in the canyon section of the mountain river overburden, the lower part of the retaining wall penetrates deep into the river bottom. The anti - erosion structure is composed of a reinforced concrete anti - erosion plate, a reinforced concrete floor slab, and reinforced concrete piles or perforated steel pipe piles, which can effectively reduce the scouring and undermining of the mountain flood on the river channel and the foundation of the overburden of the retaining wall on the riverside of the road, thus ensuring the safety of the retaining wall on the riverside of the road in the canyon section of the mountain river overburden. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is the front view of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is the side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure, the markings are: 1 - road, 2 - retaining wall, 3 - river channel, 4 - reinforced concrete anti - erosion plate, 5 - reinforced concrete pile, 6 - reinforced concrete floor slab, 7 - clay layer, 8 - sand - gravel - cobble layer, 9 - expansion joint, 21 - retaining wall foundation, 22 - drain pipe, 61 - horizontal inserted steel bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] As Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, the anti-erosion retaining wall for mountain river covered layer canyon section of the present invention includes a retaining wall 2 arranged on the riverside of the highway 1 and an anti-erosion structure located at the bottom of the river channel 3. The retaining wall foundation 21 of the retaining wall 2 penetrates into the river bottom foundation. The anti-erosion structure includes a reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate 4, reinforced concrete piles 5, and a reinforced concrete bottom plate 6. The reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate 4 is arranged on the upstream side, downstream side of the retaining wall 2, and on the side of the river channel 3 away from the retaining wall 2, and encloses a frame structure with the retaining wall foundation 21. The reinforced concrete piles 5 are evenly spaced in the frame structure and penetrate into the river bottom foundation. The reinforced concrete bottom plate 6 is filled in the frame structure. The retaining wall foundation 21 of the retaining wall 2 and the reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate 4 both penetrate into the river bottom foundation, which can effectively block the erosion of the river water on the reinforced concrete bottom plate 6, thus ensuring the stability of the retaining wall 2 and guaranteeing that the highway will not crack or settle.

[0029] Before constructing the retaining wall 2, it is necessary to excavate the slope first, and there are certain safety hazards in slope excavation. In order to avoid slope surface sliding, the slope ratio on the riverside of the highway 1 is preferably controlled between 1:0.75 and 1:1.25, which can ensure the safety of construction workers.

[0030] In order to improve the protection effect of the retaining wall 2 on the slope surface, the retaining wall 2 is a counterweight type concrete retaining wall. The backward shift of the center of gravity of the counterweight type concrete retaining wall can resist the lateral pressure of the inner soil mass, thus ensuring the stability of the rear slope surface. In order to reduce water flow erosion, a clay layer 7 and a sand-gravel-cobble layer 8 are successively arranged from bottom to top between the retaining wall 2 and the riverside of the highway 1. A drain pipe 22 communicating the sand-gravel-cobble layer 8 and the river channel 3 is arranged in the retaining wall 2.

[0031] In order to avoid river water erosion and scouring of the covered layer foundation of the retaining wall 2 and the reinforced concrete bottom plate 6, the retaining wall foundation 21 and the reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate 4 should both penetrate at least 3 m below the river bottom. To ensure the structural stability, the thickness of the reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate 4 is not less than 1 m.

[0032] The reinforced concrete piles 5 mainly play a role in stabilizing the river bottom and the reinforced concrete bottom plate 6, ensuring the stability of the entire river channel 3 corresponding to the retaining wall 2 and preventing it from being damaged by water flow erosion. Specifically, the pile diameter of the reinforced concrete piles 5 is 0.8 - 1 m, the pile length is 8 - 10 m, and the reinforced concrete piles 5 are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 4×4 m. The specific dimensions can also be reasonably selected according to the actual situation of the project.

[0033] For the river channel 3 with deep overburden, due to poor foundation stability, reinforced concrete piles 5 are required for stabilization. For the river channel 3 with a relatively small overburden thickness, steel pipe piles with holes can be used instead. The steel pipe piles with holes can have a specification of a pile diameter of 108 mm and a pile length of 8 - 10 m. Due to the small pile diameter, the steel pipe piles with holes need to be arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 1.5×1.5 m.

[0034] Since the connection between the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 and the overburden of the river channel 3 is reliable, in order to ensure the stability of the structure, the thickness of the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 is not less than 1 m, and the top of the reinforced concrete pile 5 is embedded in the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 by at least 0.5 m.

[0035] Furthermore, horizontal inserted steel bars 61 are provided between the periphery of the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 and the reinforced concrete anti-scouring plate 4. The horizontal inserted steel bars 61 are located 0.4 m below the surface layer of the reinforced concrete floor slab 6, with a spacing of 2 m and a length of 1 m. The depth of each horizontal inserted steel bar 61 embedded in the reinforced concrete anti-scouring plate 4 and the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 is 0.5 m. The horizontal inserted steel bars 61 are used to increase the connection strength between the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 and the reinforced concrete anti-scouring plate 4 and improve the stability of the overall structure.

[0036] For the relatively long retaining wall 2, in order to avoid cracking of the retaining wall 2 caused by natural settlement or earthquakes, etc., expansion joints 9 are provided at intervals of 10 - 12 m along the highway route direction between the retaining wall 2 and the reinforced concrete floor slab 6. The expansion joints 9 are filled with asphalt hemp or foam boards, which not only avoid water flow scouring but also play a buffering role.

[0037] The construction method of the highway anti-scouring retaining wall in the canyon section of the mountain river overburden includes the following steps:

[0038] a. After cutting off the river, the slope on the riverside side of the highway 1 is excavated until the design elevation of the retaining wall foundation 21 is reached. The slope ratio of the slope is 1:0.75 - 1:1.25;

[0039] b. The retaining wall 2 is built on the retaining wall foundation 21, and drain pipes 22 are embedded or drain holes are reserved during the building process;

[0040] c. The clay layer 7 and the sand-gravel-cobble layer 8 are filled and compacted in sequence from bottom to top between the retaining wall 2 and the slope. The clay layer 7 needs to be tamped before filling the gravel-cobble layer 8. The top of the clay layer 7 does not exceed the lowest drain pipe 22, and the specific height is set according to the height of the retaining wall 2, usually not exceeding 1 / 3 of the height of the retaining wall 2;

[0041] d. Construct reinforced concrete piles 5 or perforated steel pipe piles at the bottom of the river channel 3. If the river channel overburden is relatively deep, use reinforced concrete piles 5 with a pile diameter of 0.8 - 1 m and a pile length of 8 - 10 m. The reinforced concrete piles 5 are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 4×4 m. If the river channel overburden is relatively shallow, use perforated steel pipe piles with a pile diameter of 108 mm and a pile length of 8 - 10 m, arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 1.5×1.5 m. The bottom of both the reinforced concrete piles 5 and the perforated steel pipe piles should penetrate into the bedrock to a certain depth.

[0042] e. Construct a reinforced concrete floor slab 6 on the surface of the river channel 3 with a thickness of not less than 1 m. The reinforced concrete piles 5 or perforated steel pipe piles are embedded in the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 by not less than 0.5 m, and horizontal inserted steel bars 61 are set around the reinforced concrete floor slab 6.

[0043] f. Construct reinforced concrete anti - erosion plates 4 on the upstream side, downstream side of the river channel 3 and on the side of the river channel 3 away from the road 1. The anti - erosion plates 4 penetrate at least 3 m into the river bottom, and the top is flush with the top surface of the reinforced concrete floor slab 6. The horizontal inserted steel bars 61 are embedded in the reinforced concrete anti - erosion plates 4. First, construct the reinforced concrete piles 5 and the reinforced concrete floor slab 6, which can ensure the stability of the river bottom. Then, construct the reinforced concrete anti - erosion plates 4, which can improve the safety and convenience of construction.

[0044] g. For the relatively long retaining wall 2, set expansion joints 9 on the retaining wall 2 and the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 every 10 - 12 m along the direction of the road 1 route. The expansion joints 9 are filled with asphalt hemp or foam board to avoid cracking of the retaining wall 2 and the reinforced concrete floor slab 6 caused by natural settlement or earthquake, etc.

Claims

1. A highway anti-erosion retaining wall in the canyon section of the mountain river covered layer, characterized in that: It includes a retaining wall (2) arranged on the riverside of a road (1) and an anti-erosion structure located at the bottom of a river channel (3). The retaining wall foundation (21) of the retaining wall (2) penetrates deep into the river bottom foundation. The anti-erosion structure includes a reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate (4), reinforced concrete piles (5), and a reinforced concrete bottom plate (6). The reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate (4) is arranged on the upstream side, downstream side of the retaining wall (2), and on the side of the river channel (3) away from the retaining wall (2), and encloses with the retaining wall foundation (21) to form a frame structure. The reinforced concrete piles (5) are evenly spaced in this frame structure and penetrate deep into the river bottom foundation. The reinforced concrete bottom plate (6) is filled in this frame structure; The retaining wall (2) is a counterweight type concrete retaining wall. A clay layer (7) and a sand-gravel layer (8) are successively arranged from bottom to top between the retaining wall (2) and the riverside of the road (1). A drain pipe (22) communicating the sand-gravel layer (8) and the river channel (3) is arranged in the retaining wall (2); The slope ratio of the riverside of the road (1) is 1:0.75 to 1:1.25; Both the retaining wall foundation (21) and the reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate (4) penetrate at least 3m below the river bottom, and the thickness of the reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate (4) is not less than 1m; The thickness of the reinforced concrete bottom plate (6) is not less than 1m, and the top of the reinforced concrete pile (5) is embedded into the reinforced concrete bottom plate (6) by at least 0.5m; Horizontal reinforcing bars (61) are arranged between the periphery of the reinforced concrete bottom plate (6) and the reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate (4). The horizontal reinforcing bars (61) are located 0.4m below the surface layer of the reinforced concrete bottom plate (6), with a spacing of 2m and a length of 1m, and each is embedded into the reinforced concrete anti-erosion plate (4) and the reinforced concrete bottom plate (6) by 0.5m; A expansion joint (9) is arranged at intervals of 10 - 12m along the road route direction for the retaining wall (2) and the reinforced concrete bottom plate (6). The expansion joint (9) is filled with asphalt hemp or foam board.

2. The highway anti-erosion retaining wall in the canyon section of the mountain river alluvial layer as described in claim 1 is characterized in that: The pile diameter of the reinforced concrete pile (5) is 0.8 - 1m, and the pile length is 8 - 10m. The reinforced concrete piles (5) are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 4×4m.

3. The highway anti-erosion retaining wall in the canyon section of the mountain river covered layer as described in claim 1 is characterized in that: The reinforced concrete pile (5) is replaced by a steel pipe pile with holes. The pile diameter of the steel pipe pile with holes is 108mm, and the pile length is 8 - 10m. The steel pipe piles with holes are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 1.5×1.5m.

4. A construction method for constructing a highway anti-erosion retaining wall in a canyon section with overburden in a mountain river as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: a. After cutting off the river flow, excavate the slope on the riverside of the road (1) until reaching the design elevation of the retaining wall foundation (21). The slope ratio of the slope is 1:0.75 to 1:1.25; b. Build the retaining wall (2) on the retaining wall foundation (21), and embed the drain pipe (22) or reserve a drainage hole during the building process; c. Fill and compact the clay layer (7) and the sand-gravel layer (8) successively from bottom to top between the retaining wall (2) and the slope. The top of the clay layer (7) does not exceed the lowest drain pipe (22); d. Construct reinforced concrete piles (5) or perforated steel pipe piles at the bottom of the river channel (3). If the river channel overburden is relatively deep, use reinforced concrete piles (5) with a pile diameter of 0.8 - 1 m and a pile length of 8 - 10 m. The reinforced concrete piles (5) are arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 4 × 4 m. If the river channel overburden is relatively shallow, use perforated steel pipe piles with a pile diameter of 108 mm and a pile length of 8 - 10 m, arranged in a grid pattern with a pile spacing of 1.5 × 1.5 m. e. Construct a reinforced concrete floor slab (6) on the surface of the river channel (3) with a thickness of not less than 1 m. The reinforced concrete piles (5) or perforated steel pipe piles are embedded in the reinforced concrete floor slab (6) by not less than 0.5 m, and horizontal inserted steel bars (61) are set around the reinforced concrete floor slab (6). f. Construct reinforced concrete anti-scour plates (4) on the upstream side, downstream side of the river channel (3) and the side of the river channel (3) away from the road (1). The anti-scour plates penetrate at least 3 m into the river bottom, and the top is flush with the top surface of the reinforced concrete floor slab (6). The horizontal inserted steel bars (61) are embedded in the reinforced concrete anti-scour plates (4). g. Set expansion joints (9) on the retaining wall (2) and the reinforced concrete floor slab (6) every 10 - 12 m along the direction of the road (1) route. The expansion joints (9) are filled with asphalt hemp or foam board.

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