Device for plugging mud and water inrush and method for plugging mud and water inrush in tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for plugging mud and water inrush, which includes a grouting mechanism. The grouting mechanism includes: a frame, a sliding rod, a sliding seat, a mounting seat and a grouting rod. The sliding rod is movably arranged on the frame and has a movement stroke along the direction of the frame. The sliding seat is movably arranged on the sliding rod and has a movement stroke along the direction of the sliding rod. The mounting seat is movably arranged on the sliding seat, and the grouting rod is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat. The grouting rod has a grouting port arranged opposite to the tunnel rock formation surface. A grouting pipe is installed in the grouting rod. One end of the grouting pipe is connected to the grouting port, and the other end is used to connect to a grouting pump. In the technical solution of the present invention, when water inrush occurs in the tunnel, the grouting rod can be extended into the water leakage point under the drive of the sliding rod, the sliding seat and the mounting seat, so as to realize the grouting and water plugging of the grouting rod. Compared with the traditional manual water plugging, the present application adopts a fully mechanical water plugging method, which has a higher safety factor and faster water plugging efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a device for plugging mud and water inrush and a method for plugging mud and water inrush in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Mud and water inrush refers to accidents of large-scale or above water inrush and mud inrush that occur when encountering adverse geological conditions such as underground rivers, karst caves, and confined water in underground engineering such as tunnel construction. Generally, it protrudes rapidly with water, silt, and mud and sand as carriers, and is one of the particularly serious geological disasters in tunnel construction.

[0003] The existing water inrush plugging usually relies on operators to manually insert air pipes and grouting pipes into the water inrush holes to achieve the purpose of plugging the water inrush holes. However, there are serious problems in this process. First, because the water pressure of the water inrush is large, especially the pressure is even greater during the plugging operation, the formation at the water inrush area is unstable, resulting in great danger in manual operation. Second, the operation difficulty is large. Generally, when there is water inrush in a tunnel, there are not just one or two places, and the water inrush volume is very large, making it difficult for operators to directly approach for operation. In addition, due to reasons of safety and operation difficulty, the traditional water inrush plugging method is inefficient, which may delay the construction period at least, or pollute the tunnel environment and make it impossible to continue tunneling at worst. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to provide a device for plugging mud and water inrush and a method for plugging mud and water inrush in a tunnel, aiming to provide a tunnel water inrush plugging device and a plugging method with good safety and high efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the device for plugging mud and water inrush proposed by the present invention includes a grouting mechanism, and the grouting mechanism includes:

[0006] A frame, extending along the length direction of the tunnel;

[0007] A sliding rod, arranged along the cross-sectional contour direction of the tunnel, the sliding rod is movably arranged on the frame and has a movement stroke of sliding along the arrangement direction of the frame;

[0008] A sliding seat, movably arranged on the sliding rod and having a movement stroke of sliding along the arrangement direction of the sliding rod;

[0009] A mounting seat, movably arranged on the sliding seat; and,

[0010] A grouting rod, fixedly arranged on the mounting seat, the grouting rod has a grouting port arranged relative to the tunnel rock formation, a grouting pipe is installed in the grouting rod, one end of the grouting pipe is connected to the grouting port, and the other end is used for connecting to a grouting pump.

[0011] Optionally, the grouting rod is hollow to form a ventilation cavity, the grouting pipe is installed in the ventilation cavity, and the grouting rod is provided with ventilation holes along the length direction and / or circumferential direction of the grouting rod;

[0012] The grouting mechanism also includes:

[0013] an elastic rubber sleeve, wherein the elastic rubber sleeve is sleeved on the grouting rod, wherein the inner side surface of the elastic rubber sleeve and the outer side surface of the grouting rod together enclose an inflatable space, wherein the inflatable space is connected to the ventilation inner cavity of the grouting rod through the vent hole; and

[0014] An air source component includes an air pump and a ventilation tube, one end of the ventilation tube is connected to the air pump, and the other end extends into the ventilation cavity.

[0015] Optionally, the grouting mechanism further includes a first driving device, and the first driving device includes:

[0016] a first motor, wherein a first motor base of the first motor is fixedly mounted on the frame, and the first motor comprises a first driving portion axially rotatable along the length direction of the tunnel;

[0017] a screw rod drivingly connected to the first driving portion of the first motor; and

[0018] The flange is movably sleeved on the screw rod, and the flange is fixedly connected to the sliding rod.

[0019] Optionally, a driving rack is provided on the sliding rod;

[0020] The grouting mechanism further includes a second driving device, which includes:

[0021] A second motor, wherein a motor base of the second motor is fixed on the sliding base, and a second driving portion is formed on a side of the second motor away from the sliding base; and

[0022] A driving gear is engaged with the driving rack, and an end surface of the driving gear is drivingly connected to the second driving part of the second motor.

[0023] Optionally, the grouting mechanism further includes a driving cylinder, a cylinder seat of the driving cylinder is fixed on the sliding seat, the driving cylinder has a telescopic portion that can move relative to the tunnel rock surface, and the mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the telescopic portion.

[0024] Optionally, the mud and water burst plugging device further includes a water leakage point identification device, and the water leakage point identification device includes:

[0025] Liquid injection pump, the liquid injection pump has a liquid injection pipe, one end of the liquid injection pipe is connected to the liquid injection port of the liquid injection pump, and the other end is used to extend into the water storage layer of the tunnel rock formation, and the liquid injection pump is used to inject a marking medium into the water storage layer of the rock formation; and,

[0026] Visual detection device, including a detection camera, the detection camera is fixed on the frame, and the detection camera is used to be electrically connected to the grouting mechanism.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for preventing mud and water inrush in tunnels, including the following steps:

[0028] Obtain the actual water leakage point information of the tunnel rock formation surface;

[0029] Determine the tunnel water leakage point plugging strategy according to the actual water leakage point information;

[0030] Determine the action parameters of the grouting mechanism according to the tunnel water leakage point plugging strategy;

[0031] Control the action of the grouting mechanism according to the action parameters.

[0032] Optionally, the water leakage point information includes the water leakage point position parameter and the water leakage point marking medium diffusion speed parameter;

[0033] The determining the tunnel water leakage point plugging strategy according to the actual water leakage point information includes:

[0034] Determine the grouting position of the grouting mechanism according to the water leakage point position;

[0035] Calculate the water leakage flow rate of the water leakage point according to the water leakage point marking medium diffusion speed, and determine the grouting strategy of the grouting mechanism according to the water leakage flow rate of the water leakage point.

[0036] Optionally, the water leakage point flow rate is A;

[0037] The mud and water inrush plugging device further includes an alarm device;

[0038] Determining the grouting strategy of the grouting mechanism according to the water leakage flow rate of the water leakage point includes:

[0039] When 3m³ / h ≤ A ≤ 15m³ / h, control the grouting mechanism to perform local grouting on the water leakage point;

[0040] When 15m³ ≤ A ≤ 40m³ / h, control the grouting mechanism to perform curtain grouting on the water leakage point;

[0041] When 40m³ / h ≤ A, control the alarm device to alarm.

[0042] Optionally, a grouting liquid is provided in the grouting mechanism, and the grouting liquid comprises cement slurry and water glass, and the mass ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass is B;

[0043] Among them, 4 / 5≤B≤1.

[0044] In the technical solution of the present invention, the frame is extended along the length direction of the tunnel, the sliding rod is arranged along the cross-sectional contour direction of the tunnel, the grouting rod is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat, the mounting seat is movably arranged on the sliding seat, the sliding seat is slidably mounted on the sliding rod, the sliding rod is movably mounted on the frame, and the frame is fixedly mounted on the ground. When water gushes in the tunnel, the grouting rod can be quickly positioned to the cross section of the leaking point under the drive of the sliding rod, and then the sliding seat moves to drive the grouting rod to move along the cross-sectional contour direction of the tunnel to position the grouting rod to the leaking point, and finally the mounting seat moves to extend the grouting rod into the leaking point, the grouting hole is opened, and the grouting and water blocking by the grouting rod is achieved. Compared with traditional manual water blocking, the present application adopts a fully mechanical water blocking method, which has a higher safety factor and faster water blocking efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a grouting mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at AA;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a water leakage point identification device provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for preventing mud and water inrush in a tunnel provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of the method for preventing mud and water inrush in a tunnel provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of a third embodiment of the method for preventing mud and water inrush in a tunnel provided by the present invention.

[0052] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0053]

[0054] The realization, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments

[0055] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0057] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0058] Sudden mud and water inrush refers to large-scale or above water and mud inrush accidents that occur when encountering adverse geological conditions such as underground rivers, karst caves, and confined water in underground engineering such as tunnel construction. Generally, it quickly protrudes with water, silt, and mud and sand as carriers, and is one of the particularly serious geological disasters in tunnel construction.

[0059] Existing water inrush plugging usually relies on operators to manually insert air pipes and grouting pipes into the water inrush holes to achieve the purpose of plugging the water inrush holes. However, there are serious problems in this process. First, because the water pressure of the water inrush is large, especially the pressure is even greater during the plugging operation, and the formation at the water inrush location is unstable, resulting in great danger in manual operation. Second, the operation difficulty is large. Generally, when there is water inrush in a tunnel, it is not just one or two places, and the water inrush volume is very large, making it difficult for operators to directly approach for operation. In addition, due to reasons of safety and operation difficulty, the traditional water inrush plugging method is inefficient, which may delay the construction period at least, and at worst, pollute the tunnel environment and make it impossible to continue tunneling.

[0060] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device for plugging mud and water inrush and a method for plugging mud and water inrush in a tunnel, aiming to provide a tunnel water inrush plugging device and method with good safety and high efficiency.

[0061] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device for plugging mud and water inrush includes a grouting mechanism 1, and the grouting mechanism 1 includes: a frame 11, a sliding rod 12, a sliding seat 13, a mounting seat 14 and a grouting rod 15. The frame 11 extends along the length direction of the tunnel. The sliding rod 12 is arranged along the cross-sectional contour direction of the tunnel. The sliding rod 12 is movably arranged on the frame 11 and has a moving stroke along the arrangement direction of the frame 11. The sliding seat 13 is movably arranged on the sliding rod 12 and has a moving stroke along the arrangement direction of the sliding rod 12. The mounting seat 14 is movably arranged on the sliding seat 13. The grouting rod 15 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 14. The grouting rod 15 has a grouting port arranged opposite to the tunnel rock formation 3 surface. A grouting pipe 16 is installed in the grouting rod 15. One end of the grouting pipe 16 is connected to the grouting port, and the other end is used to connect to a grouting pump 140.

[0062] In the technical solution of the present invention, the frame 11 extends along the length direction of the tunnel, the sliding rod 12 is arranged along the cross-sectional contour direction of the tunnel, the grouting rod 15 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 14, the mounting seat 14 is movably arranged on the sliding seat 13, the sliding seat 13 is slidably installed on the sliding rod 12, the sliding rod 12 is movably installed on the frame 11, and the frame 11 is fixedly installed on the ground. When water inrush occurs in the tunnel, the grouting rod 15 can be quickly positioned at the cross-section of the water leakage point driven by the sliding rod 12. Then, the sliding seat 13 moves to drive the grouting rod 15 to move along the cross-sectional contour direction of the tunnel to position the grouting rod 15 at the water leakage point. Finally, the mounting seat 14 moves to extend the grouting rod 15 into the water leakage point, and the grouting pump 140 is turned on to realize the grouting and water plugging of the grouting rod 15. Compared with the traditional manual water plugging, the present application adopts a fully mechanical water plugging method, with a higher safety factor and faster water plugging efficiency.

[0063] Furthermore, the grouting mechanism 1 can be set to one or multiple. In an embodiment of the present invention, the grouting mechanism 1 and the grouting rod 15 are set to multiple to deal with the situation of multiple-point water inrush in the tunnel.

[0064] After the grouting rod 15 is inserted into the water leakage point, in order to completely seal the water leakage point, in an embodiment of the present invention, the grouting rod 15 is hollow to form a ventilation inner cavity 152. The grouting pipe 16 is installed in the ventilation inner cavity 152. The grouting rod 15 is provided with ventilation holes 151 along the length direction and / or circumferential direction of the grouting rod 15. The grouting mechanism 1 further includes: an elastic rubber sleeve 17 and a gas source assembly 18. The elastic rubber sleeve 17 is sleeved on the grouting rod 15. An inflation space is formed by the inner side surface of the elastic rubber sleeve 17 and the outer side surface of the grouting rod 15. The inflation space is connected to the ventilation inner cavity 152 of the grouting rod 15 according to the ventilation holes 151. The gas source assembly 18 includes an air pump 181 and a ventilation pipe 182. One end of the ventilation pipe 182 is connected to the air pump 181, and the other end extends into the ventilation inner cavity 152. During the actual operation process, when the grouting rod 15 is inserted into the water leakage point, the air pump 181 is turned on. The gas is introduced into the ventilation inner cavity 152 of the grouting rod 15 through the ventilation pipe 182, and enters the inflation space surrounded by the elastic rubber sleeve 17 and the outer wall of the grouting rod 15 through the ventilation holes 151 provided on the side wall of the ventilation inner cavity 152. The elastic rubber sleeve 17 is inflated and expanded, thereby sealing the water leakage point. In this way, the problem that the diameter of the grouting rod 15 does not match the diameter of the water leakage point and the water leakage point cannot be well sealed is solved.

[0065] To drive the sliding rod 12 to move along the direction of the frame 11, the grouting mechanism 1 further includes a first driving device. The first driving device can be a motor screw rod, a cylinder, or an oil cylinder. The present invention does not limit this. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first driving device includes: a first motor 19, a screw rod, and a flange. The first motor base of the first motor 19 is fixedly installed on the frame 11. The first motor 19 has a first driving part axially rotating along the tunnel length direction. The screw rod is drivingly connected to the first driving part of the first motor 19. The flange is movably sleeved on the screw rod. The flange is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 12. Further, a first guide rail is also provided on the frame 11, and a first slider is provided on the sliding rod 12. In this way, the flange is driven by the motor, and then the sliding rod 12 is driven to move along the direction of the frame 11.

[0066] To drive the movement of the sliding seat 13, in an embodiment of the invention, a driving rack 110 is provided on the sliding rod 12. The grouting mechanism 1 further includes a second driving device 120, and the second driving device 120 includes: a second motor 121 and a driving gear 122. The motor base of the second motor 121 is fixed on the sliding seat 13. A second driving part is formed on the side of the second motor 121 facing away from the sliding seat 13. The driving gear 122 is engaged with the driving rack 110, and the end face of the driving gear 122 is drivingly connected to the second driving part of the second motor 121. The rotation of the second motor 121 drives the rotation of the driving gear 122, thereby driving the sliding seat 13 to move along the sliding rod 12. At the same time, to ensure that the sliding seat 13 can move in a predetermined direction, in an embodiment of the present invention, a second guide rail is provided on the sliding rod 12, and a second slider is provided on the sliding seat 13, so as to realize the movement of the sliding seat 13 on the sliding rod 12.

[0067] To drive the movement of the mounting seat 14, in an embodiment of the invention, the grouting mechanism 1 further includes a driving oil cylinder 130. The oil cylinder seat of the driving oil cylinder 130 is fixed on the sliding seat 13. The driving oil cylinder 130 has a telescopic part that can move relative to the tunnel rock formation 3 surface. The mounting seat 14 is fixedly installed on the telescopic part. The movement of the telescopic part drives the movement of the grouting rod 15, and then the grouting rod 15 is inserted into the water leakage point.

[0068] The sudden mud and water plugging device can identify the water leakage points of the tunnel by means of manual identification or machine vision. The present invention does not limit this, please refer to Figure 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the mud and water inrush blocking device further includes a water leakage point identification device 2, and the water leakage point identification device includes: a liquid injection pump 21, the liquid injection pump 21 has a liquid injection pipe, one end of the liquid injection pipe is connected to the liquid injection port of the liquid injection pump 21, and the other end is used to extend into the water storage layer 4 of the tunnel rock formation 3. The liquid injection pump 21 is used to inject a marking medium into the water storage layer 4 of the rock formation 3. In specific actual operations, before tunnel excavation, advanced geological exploration of the tunnel can be carried out to detect the main water storage layer 4 of the tunnel. When the tunnel is excavated to the water storage layer 4, the rock formation 3 can be dug through by a drill, and then the liquid injection pipe of the liquid injection pump 21 can be extended into the water storage layer 4, and then the marking medium can be injected into the water storage layer 4 through the liquid injection pump 21, and then the drilled hole is blocked. When the marking medium enters the water storage layer 4, the marking medium will diffuse in the water storage layer 4. The marking medium can be a pigment that is easier to identify with the naked eye or a radioactive isotope that is easier to be identified by a machine. In this way, when water inrush occurs in the tunnel, the construction personnel or the machine can quickly capture the position of the water leakage point. Further, the mud and water inrush blocking device further includes a visual detection device, and the visual detection device includes a detection camera. The detection camera is fixed on the frame 11, and the detection camera is used to be electrically connected to the grouting mechanism 1. The detection camera can detect the water leakage point and transmit the detection result to the data terminal so that the terminal can control the grouting mechanism 1 to block the water leakage point.

[0069] The present invention also proposes a method for preventing mud and water inrush in a tunnel. Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of the first embodiment of the method for preventing mud and water inrush in a tunnel provided by the present invention. The method for preventing mud and water inrush in a tunnel includes the following steps:

[0070] S10. Obtain the actual water leakage point information of the tunnel rock formation surface;

[0071] S20. Determine the tunnel water leakage point blocking strategy according to the actual water leakage point information;

[0072] S30. Determine the action parameters of the grouting mechanism according to the tunnel water leakage point blocking strategy;

[0073] S40. Control the action of the grouting mechanism according to the action parameters.

[0074] In the above embodiment, the mud and water inrush blocking device can determine the tunnel water leakage point blocking strategy according to the actual water leakage point information of the tunnel rock formation surface, determine the action parameters of the grouting mechanism according to the tunnel water leakage point blocking strategy, and then control the action of the grouting mechanism according to the action parameters, and finally complete the automatic blocking of the water leakage point. Compared with the traditional manual blocking, the blocking method provided in this embodiment has higher blocking efficiency and lower risk coefficient.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5Schematic flow chart of the second embodiment of the method for preventing mud and water inrush in tunnels provided by the present invention. The leakage point information includes the leakage point position parameter and the leakage point marking medium diffusion speed parameter.

[0076] Determine the tunnel leakage point plugging strategy according to the actual leakage point information, including:

[0077] S21. Determine the grouting position of the grouting mechanism according to the leakage point position;

[0078] S22. Calculate the leakage flow rate of the leakage point according to the leakage point marking medium diffusion speed, and determine the grouting strategy of the grouting mechanism according to the leakage flow rate of the leakage point.

[0079] It can be understood that the greater the water pressure at the leakage point, the faster the diffusion speed of the marking medium in the rock formation, and the higher the concentration of the marking medium, the closer it is to the leakage point. Based on this, in this embodiment, the water pressure at the leakage point can be determined through the diffusion speed of the marking medium in the rock formation, and further, the leakage flow rate of the leakage point can be determined through the water pressure at the leakage point, and the position of the leakage point can be determined through the concentration distribution of the marking medium.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 Schematic flow chart of the third embodiment of the method for preventing mud and water inrush in tunnels provided by the present invention. The leakage point flow rate is A;

[0081] The mud and water inrush plugging device further includes an alarm device;

[0082] Determine the grouting strategy of the grouting mechanism according to the leakage flow rate of the leakage point, including:

[0083] S221. When 3 m³ / h ≤ A ≤ 15 m³ / h, control the grouting mechanism to perform local grouting on the leakage point;

[0084] S222. When 15 m³ ≤ A ≤ 40 m³ / h, control the grouting mechanism to perform curtain grouting on the leakage point;

[0085] S223. When 40 m³ / h ≤ A, control the alarm device to alarm.

[0086] It can be understood that different leakage point water flow velocities result in different grouting methods. When the water flow at the leakage point is small and the number of leakage points is small, local grouting can be used to plug a single leakage point. When the water pressure at the leakage point is too high and there are a large number of leakage points in the tunnel, a curtain grouting method is required to set up a grouting wall between the tunnel rock formation and the aquifer to provide large-area water stoppage. When the water flow gushes out at a large area and high speed, the plugging effect is not significant, and manual drainage is required.

[0087] Based on this, in this embodiment, when 3m³ / h ≤ A ≤ 15m³ / h, the grouting mechanism is controlled to perform local grouting on the water leakage point; when 15m³ ≤ A ≤ 40m³ / h, the grouting mechanism is controlled to perform curtain grouting on the water leakage point; when 40m³ / h ≤ A, the alarm device is controlled to alarm to remind the constructor to manually excavate the tunnel for water drainage, while paying attention to safety and making preparations for evacuating at any time in case the water gushing point gets out of control.

[0088] Further, there is grouting liquid in the grouting mechanism. The material of the grouting liquid includes cement slurry and water glass, and the mass ratio of cement slurry to water glass is B. Water glass can accelerate the setting of cement slurry. When the ratio of cement slurry to water glass is 4 / 5 ≤ B ≤ 1, the water stop effect is the best.

[0089] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for plugging outburst of mud and water, characterized in that The invention comprises a grouting mechanism, wherein the grouting mechanism comprises: The frame is extended along the length of the tunnel; A sliding rod is arranged along the cross-sectional profile direction of the tunnel, the sliding rod is movably arranged on the frame and has a movement stroke that slides along the setting direction of the frame; A sliding seat, movably arranged on the sliding rod and having a movement stroke that slides along the setting direction of the sliding rod; A mounting seat movably disposed on the sliding seat; and A grouting rod is fixedly mounted on the mounting seat, the grouting rod having a grouting port arranged relative to the tunnel rock surface, a grouting pipe is installed in the grouting rod, one end of the grouting pipe is connected to the grouting port, and the other end is connected to a grouting pump; The grouting rod is hollow to form a ventilation cavity, the grouting pipe is installed in the ventilation cavity, and the grouting rod is provided with ventilation holes along the length direction and / or circumferential direction of the grouting rod; The grouting mechanism also includes: an elastic rubber sleeve, wherein the elastic rubber sleeve is sleeved on the grouting rod, wherein the inner side surface of the elastic rubber sleeve and the outer side surface of the grouting rod together enclose an inflatable space, wherein the inflatable space is connected to the ventilation inner cavity of the grouting rod through the vent hole; and An air source component includes an air pump and a ventilation tube, one end of the ventilation tube is connected to the air pump, and the other end extends into the ventilation cavity.

2. The mud and water inrush plugging device according to claim 1, wherein, The grouting mechanism further includes a first driving device, which includes: a first motor, wherein a first motor base of the first motor is fixedly mounted on the frame, and the first motor comprises a first driving portion axially rotatable along the length direction of the tunnel; a screw rod drivingly connected to the first driving portion of the first motor; and The flange is movably sleeved on the screw rod, and the flange is fixedly connected to the sliding rod.

3. The mud and water inrush plugging device according to claim 1, wherein The sliding rod is provided with a driving rack; The grouting mechanism further includes a second driving device, which includes: A second motor, wherein a motor base of the second motor is fixed on the sliding base, and a second driving portion is formed on a side of the second motor away from the sliding base; and A driving gear is engaged with the driving rack, and an end surface of the driving gear is drivingly connected to the second driving part of the second motor.

4. The mud and water inrush plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting mechanism also includes a driving cylinder, a cylinder seat of the driving cylinder is fixed on the sliding seat, the driving cylinder has a telescopic part that can move relative to the tunnel rock surface, and the mounting seat is fixedly installed on the telescopic part.

5. The mud and water inrush plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water leakage point identification device, which includes: An injection pump, the injection pump having an injection pipe, one end of the injection pipe being connected to the injection port of the injection pump and the other end being used to extend into the aquifer of the tunnel rock formation, the injection pump being used to inject the marking medium into the aquifer of the rock formation; and The visual inspection device includes a detection camera, which is fixed on the frame and is used to be electrically connected to the grouting mechanism.

6. A method for plugging mud and water gushing in a tunnel, using the mud and water gushing plugging device described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The steps include: Obtain information on actual water leakage points in the tunnel rock layer; Determine a tunnel leakage point blocking strategy based on the actual leakage point information; Determine the action parameters of the grouting mechanism according to the tunnel water leakage point plugging strategy; Control the action of the grouting mechanism according to the control of the action parameters.

7. The method for plugging mud and water inrush in a tunnel according to claim 6, wherein, The water leakage point information includes the water leakage point position parameter and the water leakage point marking medium diffusion speed parameter; The determination of the tunnel water leakage point plugging strategy according to the actual water leakage point information includes: Determine the grouting position of the grouting mechanism according to the water leakage point position; Calculate the water leakage flow rate of the water leakage point according to the water leakage point marking medium diffusion speed, and determine the grouting strategy of the grouting mechanism according to the water leakage flow rate of the water leakage point.

8. The method for blocking mud and water inrush in a tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water leakage flow rate of the water leakage point is A; The mud and water inrush plugging device further includes an alarm device; Determine the grouting strategy of the grouting mechanism according to the water leakage flow rate of the water leakage point, including: When 3 m³ / h ≤ A ≤ 15 m³ / h, control the grouting mechanism to perform local grouting on the water leakage point; When 15 m³ ≤ A ≤ 40 m³ / h, control the grouting mechanism to perform curtain grouting on the water leakage point; When 40 m³ / h ≤ A, control the alarm device to give an alarm.

9. The method for plugging sudden mud and water gushing in a tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The grouting mechanism is provided with grouting liquid, and the grouting liquid material includes cement slurry and water glass, and the mass ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass is B; Among them, 4 / 5 ≤ B ≤ 1.

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