Container type liquid cooling energy storage integrated system based on multi-stage fire deployment

Abstract

The application provides a container type liquid cooling energy storage integrated system based on multi-stage fire fighting deployment, and relates to the technical field of battery energy storage. The application relates to the technical field of battery energy storage. The battery subsystem has a plurality of battery clusters, the battery cluster contains a plurality of liquid cooling battery packs, the liquid cooling battery pack is provided with hot gas aerosol, temperature acquisition equipment and voltage acquisition equipment. The temperature of the liquid cooling battery pack is acquired, the hot gas aerosol is started to spray and extinguish fire when the preset temperature threshold is reached, and a dry contact is output to the battery management subsystem. The battery management subsystem of each liquid cooling battery pack and each high-voltage box is controlled, the temperature, voltage, current and switching value of the liquid cooling battery pack are acquired and uploaded to the total control, the total control judges and performs hierarchical alarm on the hot management subsystem and / or the fire fighting subsystem. The application can realize accurate fire fighting and reduce the fire accident range of the energy storage equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of battery energy storage, in particular to a container type liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-stage fire-fighting deployment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of the national development of clean energy, the construction scale and speed of renewable energy such as photovoltaic and wind energy are accelerated. Energy storage technology creates commercial value with active cross-period and cross-seasonal use balance capability, solves the passive regulation burden of the power grid, and is the key to supporting the stable and large-scale development of renewable energy.

[0003] Renewable energy such as wind energy and photovoltaic energy needs to match a certain proportion of energy storage systems for reasonable and convenient use of energy. At the same time, energy storage must have the characteristics of safety, high cost performance, no regional restrictions, high charging and discharging cycle efficiency, controllability and scalability, and meet these conditions, especially the scalability. At present, only the electrochemical energy storage represented by lithium ion batteries has these characteristics.

[0004] At present, lithium ion energy storage battery systems have been widely used in new energy power generation side, power grid side, industrial and commercial user side, power auxiliary service, photovoltaic storage charging station and many other fields. Large-scale electrochemical energy storage units are mainly designed in the form of container prefabricated cabins. In order to meet the demand for energy storage, the density of battery cabin units is continuously improved, and the heat generated by the battery is also correspondingly increased. According to the characteristics of electrochemical energy storage, heat accumulation is easy to occur in the charging and discharging process of the battery. In extreme cases, the temperature of the battery rises sharply, causing thermal runaway and further causing battery fire accidents.

[0005] The existing container type energy storage system mainly uses perfluorohexone or heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing method. After the gas detector detects the gas, the whole cabin gas immersion type injection is carried out. This kind of fire-fighting method is mainly based on post-intervention, and cannot realize pre-warning, accurate positioning of thermal runaway position, and narrowing of the scope of fire accidents. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems, the application provides a container type liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-stage fire-fighting deployment, which carries out heat management through a liquid cooling unit and multi-stage liquid cooling management, uses liquid circulation to dissipate heat for battery units, and intelligently controls the liquid cooling system according to the temperature of the single battery and the temperature of the battery cabin, so as to ensure that the energy storage unit operates at the best temperature. At the same time, through the multi-stage fire-fighting system, the battery thermal runaway condition is accurately extinguished, and the scope of the fire accident is narrowed.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the application provides a container type liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-stage fire-fighting deployment, which comprises a container and a battery subsystem, a battery management subsystem, a bus control cabinet, a heat management subsystem and a fire-fighting subsystem arranged in the container.

[0008] The battery subsystem is provided with a plurality of battery racks, each of which is provided with a high-voltage box and a plurality of liquid-cooled battery PACKs, each of which includes a box body and a plurality of battery modules, a hot gas aerosol, a temperature acquisition device, a voltage acquisition device, a communication interface, a battery positive and negative interface, a fire-fighting gas pipeline interface, a liquid cooling system water inlet and outlet arranged in the box body; the temperature acquisition device acquires the temperature of the liquid-cooled battery PACK, if the temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, the hot gas aerosol is started to spray and extinguish the fire, and a pair of dry contacts is output to the battery management subsystem, the battery management subsystem accurately positions the liquid-cooled battery PACK and starts the automatic fire extinguishing process of the fire-fighting subsystem;

[0009] The slave control and master control of the battery management subsystem are respectively installed on each liquid-cooled battery PACK and each high-voltage box, the master control and display control of the battery management subsystem are installed in the bus control cabinet, the slave control and master control acquire the temperature, voltage, current and switching value of the liquid-cooled battery PACK and upload them to the master control, the master control judges the data and performs hierarchical alarm to the thermal management subsystem and / or the fire-fighting subsystem; the thermal management subsystem receives the alarm signal to control the start and stop of the liquid cooling system, so as to adjust the temperature of the battery system; the fire-fighting subsystem receives the alarm signal, cuts off the PCS charging and discharging and the high-voltage box relay, and starts the automatic fire extinguishing process.

[0010] As a further improvement of the application, the container is divided into a battery cabin, an electrical fire-fighting equipment cabin and a liquid cooling cabin;

[0011] The battery cabin, the electrical fire-fighting equipment cabin and the liquid cooling cabin are all separated by fireproof plates.

[0012] As a further improvement of the application, the battery management subsystem further includes a display control, which is installed in the bus control cabinet and displays the data obtained by the master control on the display screen, and the start and stop machine and threshold modification operations can be performed through the human-machine interface of the display screen.

[0013] As a further improvement of the application, the bus control cabinet includes a DC circuit breaker and an emergency stop button.

[0014] The DC circuit breaker is connected with the energy storage converter, the cables of each high-voltage box in the battery subsystem are collected in the bus, and the collected cables reach the energy storage converter through the DC circuit breaker,

[0015] When the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system fails, the external power supply is cut off through the DC circuit breaker or the external power supply is cut off through the emergency stop button.

[0016] As a further improvement of the application, the bus control cabinet further includes a running indicator light, a master control, a display control, a high-voltage box power supply and a UPS.

[0017] The running indicator light shows the equipment running state of the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system, the high-voltage tank power supply provides AC power for the high-voltage tank and the liquid-cooled battery PACK, and the UPS provides power for the total control, display control and security equipment.

[0018] As a further improvement of the application, the thermal management subsystem comprises: a variable-frequency liquid cooling unit, a liquid cooling pipeline, a controller, a temperature detector, and an industrial air conditioner.

[0019] The variable-frequency liquid cooling unit and the temperature detector are installed in the liquid cooling cabin, and the controller controls the start and stop of the liquid cooling system according to the temperature of the temperature detector and the temperature of the battery cell of the liquid-cooled battery PACK.

[0020] The industrial air conditioner is installed on one side of the container, adjusts the temperature and humidity in the cabin, and provides an alarm passive signal to the total control.

[0021] As a further improvement of the application, the controller communicates with the total control of the battery management subsystem, sends an alarm passive signal to the total control when the liquid cooling system fails, stops the equipment, and alarms the battery management subsystem.

[0022] As a further improvement of the application, the liquid cooling system comprises a liquid cooling pipeline, and the liquid cooling management comprises a primary liquid cooling pipeline, a secondary liquid cooling pipeline corresponding to each battery rack, and a tertiary liquid cooling pipeline corresponding to each battery PACK.

[0023] Ball valves are arranged at the interfaces between each secondary liquid cooling pipeline and the primary liquid cooling pipeline, and at the interfaces between each tertiary liquid cooling pipeline and the secondary liquid cooling pipeline, and anti-leakage quick connectors are arranged at the interfaces between each tertiary liquid cooling pipeline and the liquid-cooled battery PACK.

[0024] When the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system has a liquid-cooled battery PACK failure, the ball valve at the interface between the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline of the battery rack and the secondary liquid cooling pipeline can be closed, the water can be emptied, the failed liquid-cooled battery PACK can be pulled out and replaced, and the ball valve can be opened for liquid supplement.

[0025] When the secondary liquid cooling pipeline has a failure, the ball valve at the interface between the secondary liquid cooling pipeline and the primary liquid cooling pipeline can be closed, the cooling liquid in the secondary liquid cooling pipeline can be drained for maintenance, and the ball valve can be opened for liquid supplement after the maintenance is completed.

[0026] As a further improvement of the application, it comprises: a fire-fighting subsystem comprising a detection and alarm module, a fire extinguishing agent delivery and discharge module, and a communication transmission module.

[0027] The fire extinguishing agent delivery machine spray module comprises a fire extinguishing agent storage container, a fire control pipeline and an electromagnetic drive device connected in sequence, the fire control pipeline is communicated with each liquid-cooled battery PACK through the electromagnetic drive device, and the electromagnetic drive device sends the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent storage container to each liquid-cooled battery PACK.

[0028] As a further improvement of the application, the detection alarm module comprises a detector, a fire control controller, an audible and visual alarm, the container cabin is set as an independent alarm and detection area, and each liquid-cooled battery PACK is set as an independent alarm and detection area.

[0029] The battery cabin is provided with two point-type smoke detectors, two temperature detectors and two combustible gas detectors; the electrical fire control equipment cabin is provided with a gas fire extinguishing controller and a combustible gas alarm;

[0030] When the point-type smoke detector, the temperature detector and the combustible gas detector of the battery cabin alarm, the fire control controller controls the gas fire extinguishing controller to be linked with the battery management subsystem, the battery management subsystem cuts off the direct-current circuit breaker of the bus control cabinet and the high-voltage box relay, and the gas fire extinguishing controller completes automatic control of fire extinguishing based on the fire control subsystem.

[0031] As a further improvement of the application, the gas fire extinguishing controller completes automatic control of fire extinguishing based on the fire control subsystem, and the automatic control comprises:

[0032] The preset automatic control conditions include primary alarm and secondary alarm, the primary alarm comprises alarm of the point-type temperature detector or the point-type smoke detector in the cabin, the secondary alarm comprises the following conditions: a, obtaining a temperature signal or an aerosol opening signal of the liquid-cooled battery PACK, after analysis and judgment by the battery management subsystem, the fire alarm information of the liquid-cooled battery PACK is transmitted to the interface card of the fire alarm system in the form of a protocol; b, simultaneous alarm of the point-type temperature detector and the point-type smoke detector in the cabin; c, simultaneous alarm of the point-type temperature detector and the combustible gas detector in the cabin; and d, simultaneous second threshold alarm of two combustible gas detectors in the cabin.

[0033] The preset control scheme is that when a first alarm condition is reached, an in-cabin sound and light alarm is started; when a second alarm condition a is reached, an out-cabin sound and light alarm is started, a fan is turned off, a direct current circuit breaker of a bus control cabinet and non-firefighting electricity are cut off, a perfluorocyclohexanone container valve is started, a cluster level electromagnetic selection valve of a battery rack where the Nth PACK is located is started, and spraying and discharging are repeatedly performed according to a spraying and discharging strategy within 30 minutes; when a second alarm condition b, c or d is reached, the out-cabin sound and light alarm is started, a ≤ 30s countdown is entered, the fan is turned off, the PCS and the non-firefighting electricity are cut off, and after the countdown is over, the perfluorocyclohexanone container valve is started, the cabin level electromagnetic selection valve is started to spray the medicament, and after the bottle group pressure switch acts, a gas discharging indicator light is turned on.

[0034] As a further improvement of the application, the container is further provided with a video and access control subsystem.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The application provides a container type liquid cooling energy storage system based on multi-stage fire fighting deployment to solve the problems of high energy density of a container type energy storage system unit, heat accumulation in the process of battery charging and discharging, heat runaway in an extreme case, and battery fire accidents, and the problem that existing fire fighting technologies cannot accurately position and cannot realize early warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A container type liquid cooling energy storage integrated system based on multi-stage fire fighting deployment is disclosed for an embodiment of the application;

[0038] Figure 2 A liquid cooling pipe circuit diagram of a container type liquid cooling energy storage integrated system based on multi-stage fire fighting deployment is disclosed for an embodiment of the application;

[0039] Figure 3 A fire extinguishing agent conveyor spraying structure diagram of a fire fighting subsystem is disclosed for an embodiment of the application;

[0040] Figure 4 A principle diagram of a detection and alarm module is disclosed for an embodiment of the application;

[0041] Figure 5The fire extinguishing controller disclosed in an embodiment of the application has a fire extinguishing control logic diagram.

[0042] Explanation of reference signs:

[0043] 1, smoke and temperature detector; 2, combustible gas detector; 3, explosion-proof fan; 4, explosion-proof lamp; 5, water immersion sensor; 6, temperature and humidity sensor; 7, gas extinguishing device; 8, access control device; 9, pressure relief valve; 10, air conditioner; 11, battery cluster; 12, liquid cooling unit; 13, bus control cabinet; 14, first-stage liquid cooling pipeline; 15, second-stage liquid cooling pipeline; 16, third-stage liquid cooling pipeline; 17, electromagnetic valve; 18, high-pressure metal hose; 19, electromagnetic selector valve; 20, high-pressure nozzle; 21, steel cylinder; 22, ventilation control box; 23, start-stop fan louver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0045] The present application will be described in further detail below in connection with the drawings:

[0046] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a container-type liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-stage fire-fighting deployment, comprising: a container and a battery subsystem, a battery management subsystem, a bus control cabinet 13, a thermal management subsystem, and a fire-fighting subsystem arranged in the container.

[0047] The container is divided into a battery cabin, an electrical fire-fighting equipment cabin, and a liquid cooling cabin. The battery cabin, the electrical fire-fighting equipment cabin, and the liquid cooling cabin are all separated by fireproof plates. In the event of a fire in the battery, the fireproof plates can effectively block the spread of the fire, protect the equipment in the electrical fire-fighting equipment cabin, and timely cut off the power supply and send an alarm signal.

[0048] The battery subsystem is provided with a plurality of battery racks, each of which is provided with a high-voltage box and a plurality of liquid-cooled battery PACKs, each of which includes a box body and a plurality of battery modules, a hot gas aerosol, a temperature acquisition device, a voltage acquisition device, a communication interface, a battery positive and negative interface, a fire-fighting gas pipeline interface, a liquid cooling system water inlet and outlet arranged in the box body; the temperature acquisition device acquires the temperature of the liquid-cooled battery PACK, if the temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, the hot gas aerosol is started to spray and extinguish the fire, and a pair of dry contacts is output to the battery management subsystem, the battery management subsystem accurately locates the liquid-cooled battery PACK and starts the automatic fire extinguishing process of the fire-fighting subsystem;

[0049] The slave control and master control of the battery management subsystem are respectively installed on each liquid-cooled battery PACK and each high-voltage box, the master control of the battery management subsystem is installed in the bus control cabinet 13, the slave control and master control acquire the temperature, voltage, current and switching value of the liquid-cooled battery PACK and upload them to the master control, the master control judges the data and performs hierarchical alarm to the thermal management subsystem and / or the fire-fighting subsystem; the thermal management subsystem receives the alarm signal to control the start and stop of the liquid cooling system, and adjusts the temperature of the battery system; the fire-fighting subsystem receives the alarm signal, cuts off the PCS charging and discharging and the high-voltage box relay, and starts the automatic fire extinguishing process.

[0050] Among them,

[0051] The battery subsystem is provided with 9 battery racks, 9 high-voltage boxes and a plurality of liquid-cooled battery PACKs, the battery racks are welded in the form of channel steel, each battery rack places 8 liquid-cooled battery PACKs and 1 high-voltage box, and the 8 liquid-cooled battery PACKs form a battery cluster 11; the high-voltage box is a control unit of the battery cluster 11, which includes a circuit breaker, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a fuse, a master control module, a switching power supply and the like.

[0052] The liquid-cooled battery PACK (i.e. liquid-cooled PACK) includes a PACK box body, the box body is provided with 4 battery modules, a hot gas aerosol, a voltage acquisition device, a temperature acquisition device, a slave control module, the front panel is provided with a battery positive and negative interface, a communication interface, a liquid cooling system water inlet and outlet, a fire-fighting gas pipeline interface and a pressure relief valve 9.

[0053] The hot gas aerosol is a PACK-level fire-fighting device, the preset temperature threshold is 170℃, when the temperature of the liquid-cooled battery PACK reaches 170℃, the hot gas aerosol is started to spray and extinguish the fire, and a pair of dry contacts is output to the battery management subsystem, after the fire-fighting subsystem accurately locates the liquid-cooled battery PACK, the automatic fire extinguishing process is started.

[0054] The battery management subsystem further includes a display control, which is installed in the bus control cabinet and displays the data obtained by the master control on the display screen, and the start-stop machine and threshold modification operations can be performed through the man-machine interface of the display screen.

[0055] The total control communicates with the fire-fighting subsystem and the thermal management subsystem through 485 communication, provides a pre-alarm signal and a fire-fighting alarm dry contact, and can send a device shutdown signal in time when a fire occurs, cut off the PCS charging and discharging, and cut off the high-voltage box relay of each battery cluster 11;

[0056] The bus control cabinet 13 includes a DC circuit breaker, an emergency stop button, an operation indicator lamp, a master control, a display control, a high-voltage box power supply, and a UPS. The DC circuit breaker is connected with the energy storage converter, the cables of the high-voltage boxes in the battery subsystem are gathered in the bus, and the gathered cables reach the energy storage converter through the DC circuit breaker. When the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system fails, the external power supply is cut off through the DC circuit breaker or the external power supply is cut off through the emergency stop button. The operation indicator lamp displays the device operation state of the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system, the high-voltage box power supply provides an AC power supply for the high-voltage box and the liquid-cooled battery PACK, the UPS provides a power supply for the total control, the display control, and the security and protection equipment, and ensures that the main equipment can normally operate when power is cut off. Further, the high-voltage box power supply is a 20V AC power supply, and the UPS is a 24V power supply.

[0057] The system further includes a low-voltage distribution system, which provides 380V and 220V power supplies for the electrical equipment in the container.

[0058] The thermal management subsystem is designed for liquid cooling and includes a variable frequency liquid cooling unit, a liquid cooling pipeline, a controller, a temperature detector, and an industrial air conditioner 10. The variable frequency liquid cooling unit and the temperature detector are installed in the liquid cooling cabin, the variable frequency liquid cooling unit includes a variable frequency compressor, a water supply pump, a liquid supplement pump, a condenser, and the like. The controller controls the start and stop of the liquid cooling system according to the temperature of the temperature detector and the cell temperature of the liquid-cooled battery PACK. The controller can also communicate with the total control of the battery management subsystem through 485 communication and provide an alarm passive signal to the total control. When the liquid cooling unit fails, the device is shut down, and the battery management subsystem alarms. The industrial air conditioner 10 is installed on one side of the container, adjusts the temperature and humidity in the cabin, and provides an alarm passive signal to the total control.

[0059] As Figure 2As shown, the liquid cooling system includes liquid cooling pipelines, which include a primary liquid cooling pipeline 14, a secondary liquid cooling pipeline 15 corresponding to each battery rack, and a tertiary liquid cooling pipeline 16 corresponding to each battery pack. Ball valves are installed at the interfaces between each secondary liquid cooling pipeline 15 and the primary liquid cooling pipeline 14, and at the interfaces between each tertiary liquid cooling pipeline 16 and the secondary liquid cooling pipeline 15. A leak-proof quick-connect connector is installed at the interface between each tertiary liquid cooling pipeline 16 and the liquid-cooled battery pack. When a liquid-cooled battery pack in the cold energy storage integrated system fails, the ball valve at the interface between the tertiary liquid cooling line 16 and the secondary liquid cooling line 15 of the battery rack can be closed to drain the water, remove and replace the faulty liquid-cooled battery pack, and then the ball valve can be opened to replenish the liquid. When the secondary liquid cooling line 15 fails, the ball valve at the interface between the secondary liquid cooling line 15 and the primary liquid cooling line 14 can be closed to drain the coolant in the secondary liquid cooling line 15 for repair. After the repair is completed, the ball valve can be opened to replenish the liquid.

[0060] The fire protection subsystem includes a detection and alarm module, a fire extinguishing agent delivery and discharge module (such as...). Figure 3 The system includes a communication transmission module, which enables communication and linkage control between systems. The extinguishing agent delivery module comprises an extinguishing agent storage container, fire-fighting pipelines, and an electromagnetic drive device connected in sequence. The fire-fighting pipelines are connected to each liquid-cooled battery pack via the electromagnetic drive device, making each liquid-cooled battery pack an independent protected area. The electromagnetic drive device delivers the extinguishing agent from the storage container to each liquid-cooled battery pack. Furthermore, the extinguishing agent storage container is a steel cylinder 21, with a solenoid valve 17 at the top. The output end of the cylinder 21 uses a high-pressure metal hose 18, which is connected to the delivery pipeline. The main pipeline and two large branch pipelines have a diameter of 25mm, and the small branch pipeline has a diameter of 15mm. An electromagnetic selection valve 19 is installed on the large branch pipeline. Each battery pack corresponds to a high-pressure nozzle 20.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the detection and alarm module includes: detectors, a fire controller, and an audible and visual alarm. The detectors include a heat and smoke detector, a combustible gas detector 2, a water immersion detector, and a temperature and humidity sensor 6. The entire container compartment is set as an independent alarm and detection zone, and each liquid-cooled battery pack is set as an independent alarm and detection zone. The battery compartment is equipped with two point-type smoke detectors, two heat detectors, and two combustible gas detectors 2. In the electrical fire protection equipment compartment, a gas extinguishing controller (gas extinguishing device 7) and a combustible gas alarm (combustible gas detector 2) are installed. Furthermore, when the point-type smoke detectors, heat detectors, and combustible gas detectors 2 in the battery compartment trigger an alarm, the fire controller controls the gas extinguishing controller to link with the battery management subsystem. The battery management subsystem cuts off the DC circuit breaker of the combiner control cabinet 13 and the high-voltage box relay. The gas extinguishing controller completes automatic fire extinguishing control based on the fire protection subsystem.

[0062] The main chip of the battery management subsystem adopts JBF5014, the detector of the fire-fighting subsystem, the electromagnetic selection valve 19 of the liquid cooling system, the start-stop fan louver 23, and the ventilation control box 22 are all powered by the power supply, the detector outputs the main fire alarm signal according to the detected signal, and uploads the main chip of the battery management subsystem, the main chip outputs the pre-alarm signal and the fault signal, and at the same time, the main chip controls the steel cylinder 21 of the fire extinguishing agent delivery and spraying module and the high-pressure nozzle 20 to spray the fire extinguishing agent.

[0063] Further, the gas fire extinguishing controller completes automatic control of fire extinguishing based on the fire-fighting subsystem, including:

[0064] preset automatic control conditions, including primary alarm and secondary alarm,

[0065] The primary alarm includes: the point-type temperature detector or the point-type smoke detector in the cabin alarms;

[0066] The secondary alarm includes:

[0067] a. Obtain the temperature signal of the liquid-cooled battery PACK or the aerosol opening signal, and after analysis and judgment by the battery management subsystem, transmit the fire alarm information of the liquid-cooled battery PACK to the interface card of the fire alarm system in the form of a protocol;

[0068] b. The point-type temperature detector and the point-type smoke detector in the cabin alarm at the same time;

[0069] c. The point-type temperature detector and the combustible gas detector 2 in the cabin alarm at the same time;

[0070] d. Two combustible gas detectors 2 in the cabin alarm at the same time at the second threshold value;

[0071] Preset control scheme:

[0072] When the primary alarm condition is reached, start the sound and light alarm in the cabin;

[0073] When the secondary alarm condition a is reached, start the sound and light alarm outside the cabin, close the fan, cut off the DC circuit breaker of the bus control cabinet 13 and non-fire-fighting electricity, start the perfluorohexone container valve, start the cluster-level electromagnetic selection valve 19 of the Nth PACK located battery rack, and perform repeated spraying within 30 minutes according to the spraying strategy. After the bottle group pressure switch acts, the gas release indicator light is lit;

[0074] When the secondary alarm conditions b, c, and d are reached, start the sound and light alarm outside the cabin, enter ≤30s countdown, and close the fan, cut off the PCS and non-fire-fighting electricity, start the perfluorohexone container valve, start the cabin-level electromagnetic selection valve 19 to spray the agent, and after the bottle group pressure switch acts, the gas release indicator light is lit.

[0075] Manual control of gas fire extinguishing controller:

[0076] When personnel enter the battery cabin for maintenance, switch to the manual start state, at this time the system will not automatically start. When the emergency start button outside the cabin is pressed, the cabin level injection when the "second alarm condition b, c, d" is reached is entered.

[0077] During the delay phase of PACK or cabin level start, the system can be stopped by pressing the emergency stop button outside the cabin.

[0078] Control logic Figure 5 As shown, the combustible gas alarm is connected with the combustible gas detection device, when the combustible gas reaches the first threshold, the fire alarm controller receives the signal, starts the sound and light alarm, turns on the fan for exhaust ventilation, and sends information to the battery management subsystem, which cuts off the PCS circuit breaker and auxiliary power supply.

[0079] The container also contains a video and access control subsystem, such as Figure 1 The access control device 8 can monitor the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system through video and access control signals, and the access control subsystem can output a pair of passive signals to the battery management subsystem, when someone opens the door, the alarm signal is transmitted to the background monitoring system through the battery management subsystem, and the background monitoring system processes it.

[0080] The outside of the container is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof fans 3, which play a role in heat dissipation for the container; a plurality of explosion-proof lamps 4 are arranged in the container, which play a role in lighting for the container; an air conditioner 10 is arranged in the container, which plays a role in temperature reduction for the inside of the container; water immersion sensors 5 are arranged on the top and bottom of the inside of the container, which detect whether the container leaks water, and immediately issue an alarm if water leakage occurs, to prevent related losses and hazards caused by water leakage accidents.

[0081] Advantages of the present application:

[0082] The present application aims at the problems of high energy density of the existing container type energy storage system unit, easy heat accumulation during battery charging and discharging process, and easy thermal runaway and battery fire accidents in extreme cases, and the problems that the existing fire fighting technology cannot accurately locate and cannot realize early warning, and provides a container type liquid-cooled energy storage system based on multi-level fire fighting deployment; the container type liquid-cooled energy storage system adopts liquid-cooled unit and multi-level liquid-cooled pipeline for heat management, uses liquid circulation to dissipate heat for the battery unit, communicates with the battery management subsystem, intelligently regulates and controls the liquid-cooled system according to the temperature of the single battery and the temperature of the battery cabin, ensures that the energy storage unit operates at the best temperature, at the same time, provides a multi-level fire fighting system for the problem of battery thermal runaway, realizes accurate fire fighting, and reduces the scope of battery fire accidents.

[0083] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A containerized liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-level fire protection deployment, characterized in that, include: The container and the battery subsystem, battery management subsystem, combiner control cabinet, thermal management subsystem and fire protection subsystem installed in the container, the container is divided into a battery compartment, an electrical fire protection equipment compartment and a liquid cooling compartment, and is separated by fireproof panels; The battery subsystem is equipped with multiple battery racks, each rack containing a high-voltage box and multiple liquid-cooled battery packs. Each liquid-cooled battery pack includes a housing and multiple battery modules, thermal aerosol, temperature acquisition equipment, voltage acquisition equipment, communication interface, battery positive and negative interfaces, fire-fighting gas pipeline interface, and liquid cooling system inlet and outlet. The temperature acquisition equipment collects the temperature of the liquid-cooled battery pack. If the temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, the thermal aerosol is activated for spray fire suppression, and a pair of dry contacts are output to the battery management subsystem. The battery management subsystem accurately locates the liquid-cooled battery pack and initiates the automatic fire suppression process of the fire-fighting subsystem. The liquid cooling system includes liquid cooling pipelines, which include primary liquid cooling pipelines, secondary liquid cooling pipelines corresponding to each battery rack, and tertiary liquid cooling pipelines corresponding to each battery pack. Ball valves are installed at the interfaces between each secondary and primary liquid cooling pipeline, and at the interfaces between each tertiary and secondary liquid cooling pipeline. Leak-proof quick-connect connectors are installed at the interfaces between each tertiary liquid cooling pipeline and the liquid-cooled battery pack. When a liquid-cooled battery pack in the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system malfunctions, the ball valves at the interfaces between the tertiary and secondary liquid cooling pipelines of that battery rack can be closed to drain the water, remove and replace the faulty liquid-cooled battery pack, and then the ball valves can be reopened to replenish the liquid. When a secondary liquid cooling pipeline malfunctions, the ball valves at the interfaces between the secondary and primary liquid cooling pipelines are closed to drain the coolant from the secondary liquid cooling pipeline for repair. After repair, the ball valves are reopened to replenish the liquid. Each liquid-cooled battery pack and each high-voltage box is equipped with a slave controller and a master controller of the battery management subsystem. The master controller and display controller of the battery management subsystem are installed in the combiner control cabinet. The slave controller and master controller collect the temperature, voltage, current and switching status of their respective liquid-cooled battery packs and upload them to the master controller. The master controller judges the data and sends graded alarms to the thermal management subsystem and / or the fire protection subsystem. The thermal management subsystem receives the alarm signal and controls the start and stop of the liquid cooling system to regulate the battery system temperature. The fire protection subsystem receives the alarm signal, cuts off the PCS charging and discharging and the high-voltage box relay, and initiates the automatic fire extinguishing process. The fire protection subsystem includes a gas extinguishing controller, which has preset automatic control conditions, including primary alarm and secondary alarm; based on the secondary alarm conditions, it is divided into cluster-level fire extinguishing and compartment-level fire extinguishing.

2. The containerized liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-level fire protection deployment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management subsystem also includes a display controller, which is installed in the combiner control cabinet and displays the data obtained by the main control on the display screen. The human-machine interface on the display screen can be used to start / stop the system and modify thresholds.

3. The containerized liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-level fire protection deployment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bus control cabinet includes a DC circuit breaker and an emergency stop button; The DC circuit breaker is connected to the energy storage converter. The cables from each high-voltage box in the battery subsystem converge into the busbar and then reach the energy storage converter via the DC circuit breaker. In the event of a fault in the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system, the external power supply is cut off via the DC circuit breaker or via the emergency stop button.

4. The containerized liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-level fire protection deployment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The combiner control cabinet also includes: running indicator lights, main controller, display controller, high-voltage box power supply, and UPS; The operation indicator light displays the operating status of the liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system. The high-voltage box power supply provides AC power to the high-voltage box and the liquid-cooled battery PACK. The UPS provides power to the central control, display control and security equipment.

5. The containerized liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-level fire protection deployment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management subsystem includes: a variable frequency liquid cooling unit, liquid cooling pipelines, a controller, a temperature detector, and an industrial air conditioner; The variable frequency liquid cooling unit and temperature detector are installed in the liquid cooling chamber. The controller controls the start and stop of the liquid cooling system according to the temperature of the temperature detector and the cell temperature of the liquid-cooled battery PACK. The industrial air conditioner is installed on one side of the container to regulate the temperature and humidity inside the cabin and provide a passive alarm signal to the central control. The controller communicates with the main controller of the battery management subsystem. When the liquid cooling system fails, it sends an alarm passive signal to the main controller, the equipment stops, and the battery management subsystem alarms.

6. The containerized liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-level fire protection deployment according to claim 5, characterized in that: include: The fire protection subsystem includes a detection and alarm module, a fire extinguishing agent delivery and discharge module, and a communication transmission module; The extinguishing agent delivery and discharge module includes an extinguishing agent storage container, a fire-fighting pipeline, and an electromagnetic drive device connected in sequence. The fire-fighting pipeline is connected to each liquid-cooled battery PACK through the electromagnetic drive device. The electromagnetic drive device delivers the extinguishing agent in the extinguishing agent storage container to each liquid-cooled battery PACK.

7. The containerized liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-level fire protection deployment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection and alarm module includes: detectors, fire controllers, and audible and visual alarms. The entire container is set as an independent alarm and detection zone, and each liquid-cooled battery pack is set as an independent alarm and detection zone. The battery compartment is equipped with two point-type smoke detectors, two heat detectors, and two combustible gas detectors; the electrical fire-fighting equipment compartment is equipped with a gas extinguishing controller and a combustible gas alarm. When the point-type smoke detector, heat detector, and combustible gas detector in the battery compartment trigger an alarm, the fire controller controls the gas extinguishing controller to link with the battery management subsystem. The battery management subsystem disconnects the DC circuit breaker in the combiner control cabinet and the high-voltage box relay. The gas extinguishing controller completes automatic fire extinguishing control based on the fire protection subsystem.

8. The containerized liquid-cooled energy storage integrated system based on multi-level fire protection deployment according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The gas extinguishing controller completes automatic fire extinguishing control based on the fire protection subsystem, including: Primary alarm includes: alarm of point-type heat detector or point-type smoke detector in the compartment; Secondary alarm includes: a) acquiring temperature signal or aerosol activation signal of liquid-cooled battery PACK, and after analysis and judgment by the battery management subsystem, transmitting the fire alarm information of liquid-cooled battery PACK to the interface card of the fire alarm system in the form of a protocol; b) simultaneous alarm of point-type heat detector and point-type smoke detector in the compartment; c) simultaneous alarm of point-type heat detector and combustible gas detector in the compartment; d) simultaneous alarm of the second threshold of two combustible gas detectors in the compartment. The preset control scheme activates the in-cabin audible and visual alarm when the primary alarm condition is met. When the secondary alarm condition a is met, the external audible and visual alarm is activated, the fan is shut down, the DC circuit breaker of the combiner control cabinet and non-fire-fighting power are cut off, the perfluorohexanone container valve is activated, and the cluster-level electromagnetic selector valve of the battery rack containing PACK N is activated. The discharge time follows a 30-minute discharge strategy, and the discharge is repeated multiple times. After the cylinder pressure switch is activated, the venting indicator light is illuminated. When the secondary alarm conditions b, c, and d are met, the external audible and visual alarm is activated, a ≤30-second countdown begins, the fan is shut down, the PCS and non-fire-fighting power are cut off, and after the countdown ends, the perfluorohexanone container valve is activated, the cabin-level electromagnetic selector valve is activated to spray the agent, and after the cylinder pressure switch is activated, the venting indicator light is illuminated.

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