A construction method for breaking pile heads of water projects

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breaking pile heads of water engineering, comprising the following steps: determining the design elevation of the pile top; prefabricating a steel cage working platform; trial hoisting and trial installation of the prefabricated steel cage working platform; hoisting the steel cage working platform to the pile top; workers entering the inside of the platform; breaking the part above the design elevation of the pile top; workers exiting the steel cage working platform, and hoisting the steel cage working platform to the next water engineering pile to continue the operation. The method for breaking pile heads of water engineering piles of the invention makes the breaking of the pile heads unaffected by the water level and tide, improves the work efficiency and safety factor, and solves the slow construction progress caused by the inconvenience of breaking pile heads of water engineering in the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water construction operations, and in particular relates to the field of breaking the heads of cast-in-place piles on water, and specifically is a construction method for breaking the heads of water engineering piles. Background Art

[0002] During water construction, there are many ways to break the pile heads of cast-in-place piles, but they will all be affected by the water area. When the pile heads of cast-in-place piles on the water are exposed to the water surface, since there is no reliable working surface for water operations, floating boats or platforms are mostly used as the operating surface for breaking the pile heads. Floating boats as working surfaces are easily affected by water flow, and it is difficult to prevent and control falling into the water when working near the water. For the marine environment, the influence of tidal water levels is added. Generally, the tidal water level difference is about 3m high. If the pile heads are broken at low tide, it is necessary to wait for the tide to work. If they are broken on the boat, it is necessary to constantly adjust the standing height, which is very inconvenient for breaking piles. Setting up a water construction operation platform is time-consuming and wasteful, and it must be dismantled after breaking the pile heads, delaying the progress of construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical defects and provide a construction method for breaking pile heads of water projects, so that the breaking of pile heads is not affected by water level and tide, and the work efficiency and safety factor are improved to solve the slow construction progress caused by the inconvenience of breaking pile heads of water projects in the field. The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0004] A construction method for breaking pile heads of water engineering piles comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Use a level to mark the pile body elevation of the water project pile, determine the pile top design elevation, and make a mark on the pile body;

[0006] Step 2, determine the pile type and over-filling height of the water engineering pile, determine the required working platform size, and prefabricate the steel cage working platform; the steel cage working platform includes an outer protective layer and an inner protective layer nested inside and outside, and the outer protective layer and the inner protective layer are welded into a whole through the bottom protective layer; the outer protective layer and the inner protective layer are both cylindrical and coaxially made of steel bars; the upper end of the outer protective layer is open, and the lower end of the inner protective layer is open, and the lower edge heights of the outer protective layer and the inner protective layer are the same; the upper circular surface of the inner protective layer is provided with a plurality of supporting steel bars crossing the center of the circle, and the upper circular surface of the inner protective layer is the platform attachment surface in contact with the pile head; the bottom protective layer includes connecting steel bars welded to the lower edges of the outer protective layer and the inner protective layer at both ends and a horizontal steel fence laid on the connecting steel bars; a bottom passage door is provided on the bottom protective layer, and an outer door is provided on one side of the bottom passage door and at the lower part of the outer protective layer; a hook is welded on the edge of the top of the outer protective layer;

[0007] Step 3: Test hoist and install the prefabricated steel cage work platform to check whether the functions of the bottom channel door and the outer door meet the requirements of on-site use;

[0008] Step 4: Hoist the inspected steel cage work platform to the top of the pile, place the platform attachment surface on the top of the pile, check the distance between the inner protective layer and the pile body, and adjust it evenly around;

[0009] Step 5: The operator determines whether to enter from the outside door or the bottom channel door to the inside of the platform according to the relationship between the steel cage working platform and the water level, and locks the door;

[0010] Step 6: Remove the steel casing above the designed elevation of the pile top and the concrete protective layer of the vertical reinforcement of the pile body, and cut off the pile core;

[0011] Step 7: The operator exits the steel cage work platform, and the vertical transport equipment hoists the steel cage work platform to the next water engineering pile, and then hoists and removes the broken pile core to the designated location;

[0012] Step 8. Repeat steps 1 to 7 until all designated pile heads are broken.

[0013] For further optimization, the inner diameter of the prefabricated steel cage working platform is 100mm larger than the outer diameter of the water engineering pile, and the outer diameter of the prefabricated steel cage working platform is 700mm larger than its inner diameter. The inner protective layer maintains a distance of 50mm from the body of the water engineering pile to ensure that the pile can be cut as a whole when the pile head is broken.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 2: the outer protective layer is 2m high, and includes main rib steel bars, horizontal reinforcing hoops and outer protective longitudinal and transverse protective bars. The vertical spacing of the main rib steel bars is 600mm, and the horizontal spacing of the horizontal reinforcing hoops is 1m; the horizontal spacing of the outer protective longitudinal and transverse protective bars is 100-600mm, and the vertical spacing is 200mm. Too sparse protective bars are not conducive to safety, and too dense ones are unnecessary and hinder operation.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2: the inner protective layer is 1.5m high, and inner protective longitudinal and transverse protective ribs are set, with 6 ribs set at equal vertical intervals and 3 ribs set at equal horizontal intervals.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 2: the bottom channel door and the outer door are integrally connected to the bottom protective layer through hinges and are opened and closed by latches.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 5: when the height difference between the water surface and the bottom of the steel cage working platform is not greater than the set threshold, enter through the outer door; when the height difference between the water surface and the bottom of the steel cage working platform is greater than the set threshold, enter the steel cage working platform from the bottom channel door. Depending on the water level, you can choose to enter from the bottom channel door or from the side door for easy operation. The setting of the threshold is determined by the water level.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1) The present invention first prefabricates the steel cage work platform, then hoists it onto the water engineering pile, then removes the pile head and the outer steel casing of the water engineering pile, and finally hoists the prefabricated steel cage work platform and moves it to the next pile. The steel cage work platform of the present invention can be hoisted by a vertical transportation device, and after the hoisting is completed, the steel cage work platform is directly placed on the pile body, which simplifies the installation process and improves the construction efficiency.

[0020] 2) The steel cage work platform of the present invention is an operation platform with internal support and external protection, which allows operators to break the pile head from the inside, thereby improving the efficiency of breaking the pile head. The steel cage operation platform can lock the pile body and provide a certain operation space, which is still safe after the pile head is broken. At the same time, the cost of steel bars is low, and the cost of repairing and replacing damaged steel bars is low.

[0021] 3) The steel cage working platform of the present invention can be lifted away after the pile head is broken, and can be used as a standardized turnover material for turnover, thereby improving the overall construction progress.

[0022] 4) The construction method of the present invention does not require waiting for the tide, and can be constructed at both high tide and low tide. The factor of pile breakage is only related to the pile body. The time for waiting for the tide in water operations is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

[0023] 5) The steel cage working platform of the present invention is provided with a protective net on the outside, which can greatly improve the safety factor of workers working on water when falling into water.

[0024] 6) When in use, the present invention allows entry through the bottom hole ladder and the outer door, without the need to climb down from the top, thus increasing the safety factor for construction workers to enter the work platform. The bottom passage door and the outer door can provide an efficient way for workers to enter the work surface, without being affected by the height difference between the water surface and the work platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall construction section of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the environment in which the water engineering pile in the present invention is located;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the steel cage working platform of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section profile of the steel cage working platform of the present invention (the outer protective longitudinal and transverse protective bars and hooks are omitted);

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the steel cage working platform of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the steel cage working platform of the present invention (the inner protective longitudinal and transverse protective bars are omitted);

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the steel cage working platform of the present invention (the outer protective longitudinal and transverse protective bars and hooks are omitted);

[0033] The attached figure is marked with: 1. Outer protective layer; 2. Inner protective layer; 3. Bottom protective layer; 1-1. Outer door; 1-2. Outer protective longitudinal and transverse protective ribs; 1-3. Lifting hook; 2-1. Supporting steel bars; 2-2. Inner protective longitudinal and transverse protective ribs; 3-1. Horizontal steel fence; 3-2. Connecting steel bars; 3-3. Bottom passage door; 4. Water engineering piles; 5. Pile top; 6. Pile top design elevation; 7. Steel casing; 8. Soil layer; 9. Water area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A construction method for breaking the pile head of a water project, firstly making a steel cage working platform on site, such as Figure 1 As shown, the steel cage working platform is hoisted onto the pile body and placed on the pile head surface layer, and then the pile head of the water engineering pile is broken, and then it is hoisted onto the next water pile body, and finally the broken pile head and pile core part is hoisted.

[0036] The specific steps include:

[0037] Step 1: Use a level to mark the pile 4 on the water project, determine the pile top design elevation 6, and make a mark on the pile; Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the water engineering pile 4 enters the bearing layer soil 8, and the upper part is immersed in the water. According to the designed pile length, part of the pile body is exposed above the water surface. From top to bottom, they are respectively the pile top 5 of the water engineering pile, the pile top design elevation 6, and the outer side is wrapped with a full steel casing 7 to form a pile.

[0038] Step 2: Determine the type and overfilling height of the water engineering pile 4, determine the required working platform size, and prefabricate the steel cage working platform; the steel cage working platform, such as Figures 3 to 7 As shown, it includes an outer protective layer 1 and an inner protective layer 2 which are nested inside and outside, and the outer protective layer 1 and the inner protective layer 2 are welded into a whole through a bottom protective layer 3; the outer protective layer 1 and the inner protective layer 2 are both cylindrical and coaxially made of steel bars; the upper end of the outer protective layer 1 is open, and the lower end of the inner protective layer 2 is open, and the lower edges of the outer protective layer 1 and the inner protective layer 2 are at the same height; the upper circular surface of the inner protective layer 2 is provided with a plurality of supporting steel bars 2-1 crossing at the center of the circle, and the upper circular surface of the inner protective layer 2 is a platform attachment surface in contact with the pile head; the bottom protective layer 3 includes connecting steel bars 3-2 welded to the lower edges of the outer protective layer 1 and the inner protective layer 2 at both ends and a horizontal steel fence 3-1 laid on the connecting steel bars 3-2; a bottom channel door 3-3 is provided on the bottom protective layer 3, and an outer door 1-1 is provided on one side of the bottom channel door 3-3 and at the lower part of the outer protective layer 1; a hook 1-3 is welded to the edge of the top of the outer protective layer 1;

[0039] Step 3: The prefabricated steel cage work platform is trial-hoisted and trial-installed to detect whether the functions of the bottom channel door 3-3 and the outer door 1-1 meet the requirements of on-site use;

[0040] Step 4: hoist the tested steel cage work platform to the pile top 5, place the platform attachment surface on the pile top 5, check the distance between the inner protective layer 2 and the pile body, and adjust it evenly around;

[0041] Step 5: Based on the relationship between the steel cage working platform and the water level, the operator determines whether to enter from the outer door 1-1 or the bottom channel door 3-3 to enter the inner side of the platform, and locks the door;

[0042] Step 6: Remove the steel casing 7 above the designed elevation 6 of the pile top and peel off the concrete protective layer of the vertical reinforcement of the pile body, and cut off the pile core;

[0043] Step 7: Fix a lifting rope on the pile head, and the operator exits the steel cage working platform. The vertical transportation equipment lifts the steel cage working platform to the next water engineering pile, and then lifts and removes the broken pile core to the designated location;

[0044] Step 8. Repeat steps 1 to 7 until all designated pile heads are broken.

[0045] The inner diameter of the prefabricated steel reinforcement cage working platform is 100 mm larger than the outer diameter of the offshore engineering pile 4. The outer diameter of the prefabricated steel reinforcement cage working platform is 700 mm larger than its inner diameter. The inner protective layer 2 maintains a 50-mm spacing from the pile body of the offshore engineering pile 4 to ensure that the pile can be cut integrally when the pile head is demolished. The outer protective layer 1 is 2 m high to ensure that people can walk upright inside. Hooks 1-3 are welded to the edge of the top of the outer protective layer 1 for easy hoisting of the working platform device. The surface layer of the outer protective layer 1 is provided with φ12 round steel with a horizontal spacing of 100 mm and a vertical spacing of 200 mm as the outer protective horizontal and vertical reinforcing bars 1-2. The main rib steel bars of the outer protective layer 1 are φ20 round steel, with a vertical spacing of one every 600 mm and a horizontal reinforcing hoop set every 1 m, and a total of 3 horizontal reinforcing hoops are set.

[0046] The inner protective layer 2 is 1.5 m high to ensure convenient operation for the operators when cutting the pile head inside. The inner protective horizontal and vertical reinforcing bars 2-2 are made of φ20 round steel and are vertically arranged, with a total of 6 sets, and one set is arranged horizontally every 500 mm, and a total of 3 sets are arranged.

[0047] The bottom protective layer 3 reserves a hole with a length of 600 mm × a width of 700 mm as the bottom passage, and the bottom passage door 3-3 is set. Both the bottom passage door 3-3 and the outer side door 1-1 are integrally formed with the bottom protective layer 3 through hinges and are then opened and combined through bolts. When the height difference between the water surface and the bottom of the working platform device is small, the outer side door 1-1 can be used to enter. When the height difference between the water surface and the bottom of the working platform device is large, the bottom passage door 3-3 can be used to enter the inside of the working platform.

[0048] The side of the steel reinforcement cage working platform is similar to a "Ji" shape. It is set on the pile top 5. The platform attachment surface has the function of placing the working platform, and the inner protective horizontal and vertical reinforcing bars 2-2 are used to ensure and fix the relationship between the working platform and the pile body.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred layout scheme, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for breaking pile heads of water engineering piles, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Use a level to mark the pile body elevation of the water engineering pile (4), determine the pile top design elevation (6), and make a mark on the pile body; Step 2: determine the pile type and overfilling height of the water engineering pile (4), determine the required working platform size, and prefabricate the steel cage working platform; the steel cage working platform comprises an outer protective layer (1) and an inner protective layer (2) which are nested inside and outside, and the outer protective layer (1) and the inner protective layer (2) are welded into a whole through the bottom protective layer (3); the outer protective layer (1) and the inner protective layer (2) are both cylindrical and coaxially arranged; the upper end of the outer protective layer (1) is open, and the lower end of the inner protective layer (2) is open, and the lower edge heights of the outer protective layer (1) and the inner protective layer (2) are the same; the upper end of the inner protective layer (2) is The circular surface is provided with a plurality of supporting steel bars (2-1) crossing at the center of the circle, and the upper circular surface of the inner protective layer (2) is a platform attachment surface in contact with the pile head; the bottom protective layer (3) comprises connecting steel bars (3-2) welded at both ends to the lower edges of the outer protective layer (1) and the inner protective layer (2) and a horizontal steel fence (3-1) laid on the connecting steel bars (3-2); the bottom protective layer (3) is provided with a bottom passage door (3-3), and an outer door (1-1) is provided on one side of the bottom passage door (3-3) and at the lower part of the outer protective layer (1); a hook (1-3) is welded to the edge of the top of the outer protective layer (1); Step 3: The prefabricated steel cage work platform is trial-hoisted and trial-installed to test whether the functions of the bottom passage door (3-3) and the outer door (1-1) meet the requirements of on-site use; Step 4: hoist the inspected steel cage work platform to the pile top (5), place the platform attachment surface on the pile top (5), check the distance between the inner protective layer (2) and the pile body, and adjust it evenly around the four sides; Step 5: The operator determines whether to enter from the outer door (1-1) or the bottom passage door (3-3) according to the relationship between the steel cage working platform and the water level, and locks the door; Step 6: Remove the steel casing (7) above the designed elevation (6) of the pile top and peel off the concrete protective layer of the vertical reinforcement of the pile body, and cut off the pile core; Step 7: The operator exits the steel cage work platform, and the vertical transport equipment hoists the steel cage work platform to the next water engineering pile, and then hoists and removes the broken pile core to the designated location; Step 8. Repeat steps 1 to 7 until all designated pile heads are broken.

2. The method for breaking the pile head of a water project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the inner diameter of the prefabricated steel cage working platform is 100 mm larger than the outer diameter of the water engineering pile (4), the outer diameter of the prefabricated steel cage working platform is 700 mm larger than the inner diameter thereof, and the inner protective layer (2) maintains a spacing of 50 mm from the body of the water engineering pile (4).

3. The method for breaking the pile head of a water project according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2: the outer protective layer (1) is 2m high, and comprises main rib steel bars, horizontal reinforcing hoops and outer protective longitudinal and transverse protective ribs (1-2). The vertical spacing of the main rib steel bars is 600mm, and the horizontal spacing of the horizontal reinforcing hoops is 1m; the horizontal spacing of the outer protective longitudinal and transverse protective ribs (1-2) is 100-600mm, and the vertical spacing is 200mm.

4. The method for breaking the pile head of a water project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2: the inner protective layer (2) is 1.5 m high, and inner protective longitudinal and transverse protective ribs (2-2) are provided, with 6 ribs provided at equal intervals vertically and 3 ribs provided at equal intervals horizontally.

5. The method for breaking the pile head of a water project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2: the bottom passage door (3-3) and the outer door (1-1) are integrally connected to the bottom protective layer (3) via hinges and are opened and closed via latches.

6. The method for breaking the pile head of a water project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5: when the height difference between the water surface and the bottom of the steel cage working platform is not greater than the set threshold, enter through the outer door (1-1); when the height difference between the water surface and the bottom of the steel cage working platform is greater than the set threshold, enter the interior of the steel cage working platform from the bottom passage door (3-3).

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