Adherent vascular stents and covered stent systems

Abstract

The present application relates to a wall-attached vascular stent and a covered stent system. The wall-attached vascular stent includes a tubular covering, which is a tubular structure with openings at both ends. The tubular covering encloses a communicating cavity and is provided with at least one fenestration structure. A support frame is coaxially fixed to the tubular covering, and the support frame includes a wall-attached frame, which is provided with at least one anchoring region. The distal end of the anchoring region is closer to the proximal end of the tubular covering than other regions on the wall-attached frame, and the axial length of the anchoring region is greater than the axial length of other regions on the wall-attached frame. The fenestration structure includes at least one first opening, which is located on the proximal side of the wall-attached frame, and the anchoring region is provided around at least a portion of the first opening. The present application has the effect of increasing the wall-attachment between the fenestration structure and the vascular wall after implantation into the target blood vessel, thereby improving the problem of easy occurrence of endoleakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a wall-attached vascular stent and a covered stent system. Background Art

[0002] Complex abdominal aortic aneurysms generally refer to short-necked abdominal aortic aneurysms or abdominal aortic aneurysms involving visceral branch arteries. The difficulty in their treatment mainly lies in the full assessment of the proximal anchoring area of the aneurysm and the rational reconstruction of the visceral branch arteries and renal arteries. Currently, complex abdominal aortic aneurysms have entered the era of intravascular interventional treatment. Intravascular interventional treatment mainly uses corresponding interventional devices to deliver vascular stents to the lesion site and then release them (vascular stents can be accommodated in the interventional device in a compressed state and can automatically return to a predetermined shape after being released from the interventional device), thereby isolating the vascular dissection rupture or enlarged aneurysm cavity, reshaping the true lumen of the blood vessel, and restoring the correct blood flow direction, thereby achieving the therapeutic effect.

[0003] Intravascular interventional treatment mainly includes parallel stent technology, fenestration technology, and branch stent technology, which are characterized by minimal trauma and rapid recovery. Among them, the fenestration technology refers to the release of branch stents through windows on the main stent, or by selecting a target branch artery to effectively reconstruct visceral branch arteries (such as the celiac artery on the abdominal aorta, the superior mesenteric artery, or the left and right renal arteries). However, the fenestration of the main stent of this technology may not fit tightly with the vascular wall due to the impact of high-flow blood flow, inappropriate patient screening, inappropriate equipment selection, incorrect release and positioning of the adherent vascular stent, or irregular shape of the vascular cross-section. This may cause internal leakage, which may even cause medical accidents such as paraplegia or death in severe cases. Not only can the ideal treatment effect not be achieved, but it also has a significant adverse effect on the patient's physical and mental health. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the problem of internal leakage caused by the loose fit between the opening of the main stent and the blood vessel wall after implantation into the target blood vessel, the present application provides a wall-attached blood vessel stent and a covered stent system.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a wall-attached vascular stent, comprising a tubular coating, wherein the tubular coating is a tubular structure with openings at both ends, the tubular coating encloses a connecting cavity, and the tubular coating is provided with at least one window structure; a supporting skeleton, wherein the supporting skeleton is coaxially fixed to the tubular coating, the supporting skeleton comprises a wall-attached skeleton, and the wall-attached skeleton is provided with at least one anchoring area, the distal end of the anchoring area is closer to the proximal end of the tubular coating than other areas on the wall-attached skeleton, and the axial length of the anchoring area is greater than the axial length of other areas on the wall-attached skeleton; the window structure comprises at least one first opening, at least one first opening is located on the proximal side of the wall-attached skeleton, and the anchoring area is arranged around at least part of the first opening.

[0006] In the second aspect, the present application can also provide a coated stent system, including a wall-attached vascular stent, a bifurcated coated stent and at least one extended stent, the proximal end of the bifurcated coated stent is plugged into and matched with the distal end of the wall-attached vascular stent; the bifurcated coated stent includes a proximal tube segment, a first side branch and a second side branch, the first side branch is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment and connected to the proximal tube segment, the second side branch is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment and connected to the proximal tube segment, so that the proximal tube segment is shunted along the first side branch and the second side branch respectively, and the proximal end of the extended stent is plugged into and matched with the distal end of at least one of the first side branch and the second side branch.

[0007] In the third aspect, the present application can also provide a coated stent system, including a wall-attached vascular stent, a bifurcated coated stent and at least one extended stent, the proximal end of the bifurcated coated stent is fixed to the distal end of the wall-attached vascular stent, and the bifurcated coated stent is formed integrally with the wall-attached vascular stent; the bifurcated coated stent includes a proximal tube segment, a first side branch and a second side branch, the first side branch is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment and is connected to the proximal tube segment, the second side branch is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment and is connected to the proximal tube segment, so that the proximal tube segment is shunted along the first side branch and the second side branch respectively, the proximal end of the extended stent is fixed to the distal end of at least one of the first side branch and the second side branch, and the extended stent is formed integrally with at least one of the first side branch and the second side branch.

[0008] The wall-adhering vascular stent provided in the present application sets an extended anchoring area on the distal side of the first opening, so that the first opening can fit more closely to the blood vessel wall, and can more stably cope with the impact of high-flow blood flow, wide range of blood vessel wall pulsation or irregular shape of blood vessel cross-section and other problems. It is beneficial to avoid the formation of gaps between the first opening and the blood vessel wall that are prone to cause internal leakage, reduce the occurrence of internal leakage, thereby reducing the probability of complications, improving the effect of intravascular interventional treatment, and also beneficial to improving the efficacy of medium- and long-term intravascular interventional treatment.

[0009] The covered stent system provided in the present application, the wall-attached vascular stent, the bifurcated covered stent and the extended stent are assembled in a split modular manner, which can better reconstruct each branch artery and help ensure the blood supply of each branch artery.

[0010] The covered stent system provided in the present application integrates the wall-attached vascular stent, bifurcated covered stent and extended stent into an integrated form, which can better reconstruct each branch artery, help ensure the blood supply of each branch artery, and help reduce the occurrence of various types of endoleaks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adherent vascular stent according to the first embodiment;

[0012] Figure 2 is a planar expansion diagram of the adherent vascular stent according to the first embodiment;

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A local enlarged schematic diagram in FIG.

[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Another partial enlarged schematic diagram in;

[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adherent vascular stent of the first embodiment from another perspective;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a perspective structural diagram of a partial tubular covering and an embedded branch pipe of the first embodiment;

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the wall-attached vascular stent in the first embodiment, with the supporting skeleton and a portion of the tubular covering concealed;

[0018] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of another possible implementation of the wall-attached vascular stent of the first embodiment, which hides the supporting skeleton and part of the tubular covering;

[0019] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which the adherent vascular stent according to the first embodiment is used to reconstruct the abdominal aorta;

[0020] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the scenario where an adherent vascular stent is used to reconstruct the aortic arch;

[0021] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another scenario in which the wall-attached vascular stent according to the first embodiment is used to reconstruct an aortic arch;

[0022] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which the stent graft system according to the second embodiment is used to reconstruct the abdominal aorta;

[0023] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which the covered stent system of the third embodiment is used to reconstruct the abdominal aorta.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals: 10, tubular covering; 11, connecting cavity; 12, branch window; 13, first tube segment; 14, second tube segment; 15, third tube segment; 20, supporting skeleton; 201, supporting rod; 202, crest; 203, trough; 21, bare stent; 211, avoidance area; 212, anchoring and reinforcement area; 22, proximal skeleton; 221, supporting trough; 222, first supporting rod; 223, second supporting rod; 224, first connecting rod; 225, second connecting rod; 226 6. First connecting trough; 227. Second connecting trough; 228. Proximal densification zone; 23. Adherent skeleton; 231. Adherent ring; 232. First adherent support rod; 233. Second adherent support rod; 234. Adherent trough; 235. First adherent connecting rod; 236. Second adherent connecting rod; 237. Third connecting trough; 238. Fourth connecting trough; 239. Adherent densification zone; 240. First reinforced trough; 241. Second reinforced trough; 242. Avoidance zone; 243 , first air-avoiding rod; 244, second air-avoiding rod; 245, air-avoiding trough; 24, connecting frame; 25, distal frame; 30, window structure; 301, first opening; 302, second opening; 303, proximal support ring; 304, wall-adhering support ring; 305, inner edge; 306, outer edge; 40, embedded branch pipe; 41, embedded pipe section; 42, skirt pipe section; 43, embedded covering; 44, embedded frame; 45, fixing ring; 46, reinforcement ring; 50, wall-adhering belt; 50 1. First region; 502. Second region; 120. Abdominal aorta; 130. Aneurysm cavity; 140. Branch stent; 160. Left and right renal arteries; 170. Superior mesenteric artery; 180. Celiac artery; 190. Aortic arch; 200. Brachiocephalic artery; 210. Left common carotid artery; 220. Left clavicular artery; 230. Bifurcated covered stent; 2301. Proximal tube segment; 2302. First side branch; 2303. Second side branch; 250. Extended stent; 260. Iliac artery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] In the field of interventional medical devices, the proximal end refers to the end of the stent that is close to the heart after the stent is used for interventional treatment, and the distal end refers to the end of the stent that is away from the heart after the stent is used for interventional treatment. The direction of the central axis of rotation of objects such as cylinders and tubes is axial, and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is radial. Circumferential refers to the "circumferential direction", that is, the direction around the axis of the cylinder, tube, etc. (perpendicular to the axis and perpendicular to the cross-sectional radius). "Circumferential", "axial" and "radial" together constitute the three orthogonal directions of the cylindrical coordinates. Circumferential length refers to the extension length of the structure or element along the circumference of the cylinder, tube, etc. Axial length refers to the extension length of the structure or element along the axial direction of the cylinder, tube, etc. This description is only for convenience of expression and does not constitute a limitation to this application. The following structure refers to the structure after the wall-attached vascular stent is expanded.

[0027] During interventional treatment, in order to preserve the blood supply to the branch arteries, a window is usually provided on the main stent, and the window is directly aligned with the root opening of the branch artery to introduce the blood flow in the aorta (such as the abdominal aorta) into the branch artery, thereby restoring the blood supply to the branch artery; or, a branch stent used to reconstruct the branch artery is inserted into the window on the main stent to introduce the blood flow in the aorta (such as the abdominal aorta) into the branch artery, thereby restoring the blood supply to the branch artery. However, due to the elastic recoil of the main stent itself, the complex curvature of the vascular anatomical structure, or the limitation of its own structure, the window of the main stent is difficult to fit the vascular wall, resulting in a gap. The blood flow in the aorta (such as the abdominal aorta) can easily flow into the aneurysm cavity through the gap, resulting in endoleak, the most common complication after intravascular interventional treatment that has the greatest impact on the efficacy, affecting the effectiveness of the main stent in isolating the aneurysm cavity for interventional treatment of aortic aneurysms.

[0028] In order to improve the problem of internal leakage caused by the loose fit between the opening of the main stent and the blood vessel wall after implantation into the target blood vessel, the first embodiment of the present application provides a wall-attached vascular stent, which can be used in the blood vessel to implement intraluminal isolation to isolate the diseased area in the lumen. For example, the wall-attached vascular stent can be used to isolate arterial dissections or aneurysms in the lumen of the blood vessel. It can be understood that the blood vessel can be the aortic arch, thoracic aorta, or abdominal aorta. Those skilled in the art should know that the use of blood vessels for illustration is only for example and is not a limitation of the present application. The solution of the present application is applicable to various human or animal lumens, such as the lumen of the digestive tract.

[0029] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the wall-attached vascular stent. Figure 2It is a planar unfolded view of the wall-adherent vascular stent (the wall-adherent band 50 described below is not shown). The wall-adherent vascular stent includes a tubular coating 10 and a support frame 20. The tubular coating 10 is a tubular structure with openings at both ends, and the tubular coating 10 encloses a connecting cavity 11 for communicating with the target blood vessel. The tubular coating 10 is provided with at least one window structure 30. A plurality of support frames 20 are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular coating 10, and at least one support frame 20 is located on the outer peripheral wall of the tubular coating 10. In this embodiment, a plurality of support frames 20 are located on the outer peripheral wall of the tubular coating 10. The support frame 20 includes a plurality of support rods 201 connected in sequence at an angle so that the support frame 20 is in a wavy ring shape, and the two adjacent angles along the circumference of the tubular coating 10 are a crest 202 and a trough 203, respectively. The crest 202 is closer to the proximal end of the tubular coating 10 than the trough 203. The support frame 20 can be fixed to the tubular membrane 10 by suturing, laminating, stamping, attaching, inlaying or hot pressing.

[0030] In this embodiment, the window structure 30 includes at least one first opening 301 and at least one second opening 302, that is, the tubular coating 10 is provided with at least two window structures 30. The first opening 301 and the second opening 302 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tubular coating 10, and the second opening 302 is closer to the proximal end of the tubular coating 10 than the first opening 301. Among them, the first opening 301 can be used to plug in the branch stent 140 to reconstruct the branch artery, such as the superior mesenteric artery 170, to ensure the patency of the superior mesenteric artery 170. The second opening 302 passes through the proximal end of the tubular coating 10, so that the second opening 302 forms a U-shaped open-loop structure. The second opening 302 can be used to connect directly to the root opening of the celiac artery 180 without plugging in the branch stent 140, for example, to avoid the tubular coating 10 blocking the blood supply of the celiac artery 180. The wall-adherent vascular stent also includes a proximal support ring 303 and a wall-adherent support ring 304 fixed to the tubular membrane 10. The wall-adherent support ring 304 is arranged around the first opening 301 to maintain the shape of the first opening 301, while improving the structural stability of the branch stent 140 after being plugged into the first opening 301; the proximal support ring 303 is arranged around the second opening 302 to maintain the shape of the second opening 302.

[0031] An extension tube segment (not shown in the figure) is also fixed in the wall-adhering support ring 304. The extension tube segment is located in the connecting cavity 11 of the tubular coating 10, and the first opening 301 is connected to the connecting cavity 11 of the tubular coating 10 through the extension tube segment. The axial length of the extension tube segment itself can be 2.5-3.5 mm. At least one corrugated skeleton (not shown in the figure) is fixed on the extension tube segment. The structure of the corrugated skeleton is a corrugated structure similar to that of the support skeleton 20, which will not be repeated here. The provision of the extension tube segment is conducive to increasing the anchoring length of the branch stent 140, so that the branch stent 140 can be more stably plugged into the first opening 301, which is conducive to reducing the risk of internal leakage after the wall-adhering vascular stent and the branch stent 140 are plugged in.

[0032] To improve the wall adhesion of at least a portion of the support frame 20 around the first opening 301 and the second opening 302 and reduce the occurrence of endoleakage, at least one reinforced anti-leakage area is formed on each side of the fenestration structure 30 along the circumference of the tubular covering 10. For ease of distinction, the reinforced anti-leakage areas formed on each side of the fenestration structure 30 are respectively designated as the first reinforced anti-leakage area and the second reinforced anti-leakage area. The first reinforced anti-leakage area and the second reinforced anti-leakage area can each include an anchoring densification area 212, a proximal densification area 228, and a wall densification area 239. The anchoring encryption area 212, the proximal encryption area 228 and the wall-attached encryption area 239 are respectively formed by connecting at least two adjacent support rods 201 on a support skeleton 20. The support skeleton 20 where the anchoring encryption area 212, the proximal encryption area 228 and the wall-attached encryption area 239 are located is adjacent in the axial direction, so that the anchoring encryption area 212, the proximal encryption area 228 and the wall-attached encryption area 239 located on the same side of the window structure 30 in the circumferential direction are arranged adjacent in the axial direction so that the reinforced anti-leakage area extends roughly in the axial direction, and the maximum circumferential distance between the two support rods 201 on each of the anchoring encryption area 212, the proximal encryption area 228 and the wall-attached encryption area 239 is less than the maximum circumferential distance between the other two adjacent support rods 201 on the support skeleton 20.

[0033] The support frame 20 includes a bare stent 21, a proximal frame 22, a wall-attached frame 23, a connecting frame 24, and a distal frame 25. These are arranged in order from the proximal end to the distal end along the axial direction of the tubular covering 10. It is understood that the wire diameter of the support frame 20 is the diameter of the support rods 201. The first opening 301 is located between the proximal frame 22 and the wall-attached frame 23, and the second opening 302 is located between the bare stent 21 and the proximal frame 22.

[0034] The bare stent 21 has a closed-loop structure, with the troughs 203 of the bare stent 21 fixed to the tubular covering 10. The crests 202 of the bare stent 21 and at least part of the axial length of the struts 201 of the bare stent 21 extend beyond the proximal end of the tubular covering 10. That is, the crests 202 of the bare stent 21 and at least part of the axial length of the struts 201 of the bare stent 21 are not covered by the tubular covering 10. In other words, along the axial direction of the struts 201, at least part of the axial length of each strut 201 is not covered by the tubular covering 10, and the crests 202 of the bare stent 21 are not covered by the tubular covering 10. Along the circumference of the tubular covering 10, for the bare stent 21, the area formed by two adjacent struts 201 spans the second through-port 302 to form a avoidance zone 211. The distal ends of the two struts 201 in the avoidance region 211 are located on either side of the second opening 302 along the circumference of the tubular covering 10 to prevent the bare stent 21 from interfering with blood flow through the root opening of a branch artery (e.g., the celiac artery 180) into the branch artery to reconstruct the branch artery. In other embodiments, the bare stent 21 further includes a plurality of barbs, each barb being disposed on each crest 202, each trough 203, and / or each strut 201 of the bare stent 21, thereby enabling the adherent vascular stent to be more stably supported within the target vessel.

[0035] Along the circumference of the tubular covering 10, at least two anchoring and encryption areas 212 are respectively formed on both sides of the avoidance area 211, and the anchoring and encryption areas 212 are formed by connecting two adjacent support rods 201 on the bare stent 21. The two support rods 201 on the anchoring and encryption areas 212 and the two support rods 201 on the avoidance area 211 are arranged adjacent to each other along the circumference of the tubular covering 10. Along the circumference of the tubular covering 10, the distance between the distal ends of the two support rods 201 on the anchoring and encryption areas 212 is smaller than the distance between the distal ends of the two support rods 201 on the avoidance area 211, and the distance between the distal ends of the two support rods 201 on the anchoring and encryption areas 212 is smaller than the distance between the distal ends of the two adjacent support rods 201 forming other wave peaks 202 on the bare stent 21, and the distance between the distal ends of the two support rods 201 on the avoidance area 211 is larger than the distance between the distal ends of the two adjacent support rods 201 forming other wave peaks 202 on the bare stent 21. Specifically, along the circumference of the tubular coating 10, the distance between the distal ends of the two support rods 201 on the avoidance area 211 is 17-24% of the circumferential length of the proximal end of the tubular coating 10, and the distance between the distal ends of the two support rods 201 on the avoidance area 211 is not less than 12 mm; the distance between the distal ends of the two support rods 201 on the anchoring encryption area 212 is 5-12% of the circumferential length of the proximal end of the tubular coating 10; the distance between the distal ends of the two adjacent support rods 201 forming other wave peaks 202 is 16-20% of the circumferential length of the proximal end of the tubular coating 10.

[0036] It is understandable that, along the circumference of the tubular coating 10 , the number of anchoring encryption areas 212 on both sides of the avoidance area 211 can be one, two, three, four, etc., and the present application does not limit the number of anchoring encryption areas 212 .

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram in FIG. For the proximal skeleton 22, two adjacent support rods 201 enclose a proximal support ring 303, that is, the proximal support ring 303 is formed by the two adjacent support rods 201. For the sake of distinction, the two support rods 201 forming the proximal support ring 303 are respectively named as the first support rod 222 and the second support rod 223, and the trough 203 formed by the distal end of the first support rod 222 and the distal end of the second support rod 223 is the support trough 221. The first support rod 222 and the second support rod 223 both include a first connecting rod 224 and a second connecting rod 225 connected in the axial direction. For the first support rod 222, the distal end of the first connecting rod 224 is connected to the proximal end of the second connecting rod 225 at an angle to form a first connecting trough 226. The proximal end of the first connecting rod 224 on the first support rod 222 is the proximal end of the first support rod 222, and the distal end of the second connecting rod 225 on the first support rod 222 is the distal end of the first support rod 222. Regarding the second support rod 223, the distal end of the first connecting rod 224 and the proximal end of the second connecting rod 225 are connected at an angle to form a second connecting trough 227. The proximal end of the first connecting rod 224 on the second support rod 223 is the proximal end of the second support rod 223, and the distal end of the second connecting rod 225 on the second support rod 223 is the distal end of the second support rod 223. The formation of the first connecting trough 226 and the second connecting trough 227 allows the second opening 302 to better align with the root opening of the branch artery, while also helping to improve the wall adhesion and structural stability of the second opening 302. The first connecting trough 226 and the second connecting trough 227 are closer to the proximal end of the tubular covering 10 than the other troughs 203 on the proximal skeleton 22.

[0038] At least two proximal densified regions 228 are formed along the circumference of the tubular covering 10 on either side of the second opening 302. That is, at least one proximal densified region 228 is provided on each circumferential side of the support trough 221. The proximal densified region 228 is connected by two adjacent support rods 201 on the proximal framework 22. The two support rods 201 on the proximal densified region 228 are connected at an angle to form a crest 202 on the proximal framework 22. The crest 202 of the proximal densified region 228 and the support trough 221 form two adjacent angles along the circumference of the tubular covering 10. A support rod 201 on the proximal encrypted area 228 of the first reinforced anti-leakage zone is a first support rod 222 (a support rod 201 on the proximal encrypted area 228 of the first reinforced anti-leakage zone and a first support rod 222 on the proximal support ring 303 are a common support rod 201), and a support rod 201 on the proximal encrypted area 228 of the second reinforced anti-leakage zone is a second support rod 223 (a support rod 201 on the proximal encrypted area 228 of the second reinforced anti-leakage zone and a second support rod 223 on the proximal support ring 303 are a common support rod 201). support rod 201); in other words, the wave crest 202 on the proximal encrypted area 228 of the first reinforced leak-proof area is formed by connecting the proximal end of the first connecting rod 224 on the first support rod 222 with the proximal end of another support rod 201 on the proximal encrypted area 228 of the first reinforced leak-proof area, and the wave crest 202 of the proximal encrypted area 228 of the second reinforced leak-proof area is formed by connecting the proximal end of the first connecting rod 224 on the second support rod 223 with the proximal end of another support rod 201 in the proximal encrypted area 228 of the second reinforced leak-proof area. The circumferential length from the distal end of the support rod 201 away from the second opening 302 on the proximal encrypted area 228 of the first reinforced anti-leakage zone to the extension line of the first connecting rod 224 on the first support rod 222, and the circumferential length from the distal end of the support rod 201 away from the second opening 302 on the proximal encrypted area 228 of the second reinforced anti-leakage zone to the extension line of the first connecting rod 224 on the second support rod 223 are both smaller than the circumferential length between the distal ends of two adjacent support rods 201 forming other peaks 202 on the first skeleton 22.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 2Another partial schematic diagram in FIG. Two adjacent support rods 201 on the wall-adhering frame 23 enclose a wall-adhering ring 231. For ease of distinction, the two support rods 201 forming the wall-adhering ring 231 are designated as first wall-adhering support rods 232 and second wall-adhering support rods 233, respectively. The trough 203 formed by the connection between the distal ends of the first wall-adhering support rods 232 and the distal ends of the second wall-adhering support rods 233 is designated as wall-adhering trough 234. Both the first wall-adhering support rods 232 and the second wall-adhering support rods 233 include first wall-adhering connecting rods 235 and second wall-adhering connecting rods 236 connected axially. For the first wall-adhering support rod 232, the distal end of the first wall-adhering connecting rod 235 is connected to the proximal end of the second wall-adhering connecting rod 236 at an angle to form a third connecting trough 237. The proximal end of the first wall-adhering connecting rod 235 on the first wall-adhering support rod 232 is the proximal end of the first wall-adhering support rod 232, and the distal end of the second wall-adhering connecting rod 236 on the first wall-adhering support rod 232 is the distal end of the first wall-adhering support rod 232. For the second wall-adhering support rod 233, the distal end of the first wall-adhering connecting rod 235 is connected to the proximal end of the second wall-adhering support rod 236 at an angle to form a fourth connecting trough 238. The proximal end of the first wall-adhering connecting rod 235 on the second wall-adhering support rod 233 is the proximal end of the second wall-adhering support rod 233, and the distal end of the second wall-adhering connecting rod 236 on the second wall-adhering support rod 233 is the distal end of the second wall-adhering support rod 233. The wall-adhering support ring 304 is located on the proximal side of the wall-adhering ring 231, so that the wall-adhering ring 231 forms an open-loop structure that surrounds at least part of the wall-adhering support ring 304, which is beneficial to improving the wall-adherence of the wall-adhering support ring 304 and achieving a better anti-endoleakage effect.

[0040] An anchoring region is formed distally of the first opening 301. Specifically, along the circumference of the tubular covering 10, at least two troughs 203 adjacent to the wall-attached trough 234 are located farther from the proximal end of the tubular covering 10 than the other troughs 203 on the wall-attached skeleton 23. For ease of distinction, the at least two troughs 203 adjacent to the wall-attached trough 234 are designated as first reinforcing trough 240 and second reinforcing trough 241, respectively. Along the circumference of the tubular covering 10, the first reinforcing trough 240 and the second reinforcing trough 241 are located on either side of the wall-attached trough 234, respectively. The two adjacent support rods 201 forming the first reinforcing trough 240, the two adjacent support rods 201 forming the second reinforcing trough 241, and the two support rods 201 forming the wall-attached trough 234 have longer axial lengths than the support rods 201 forming other troughs 203 in the wall-attached skeleton 23, and the first reinforcing trough 240, the second reinforcing trough 241, and the wall-attached trough 234 are farther away from the proximal end of the tubular membrane 10 than the other troughs 203 in the wall-attached skeleton 23 to form an anchoring area. The distance between the distal ends of the two adjacent support rods 201 forming the first reinforcing trough 240, the adjacent two support rods 201 forming the second reinforcing trough 241, and the two support rods 201 forming the wall-attached trough 234 to the distal ends of the support rods 201 forming other troughs 203 in the wall-attached skeleton 23 is the axial length of the anchoring area. The axial length of the anchoring area can be 3-5mm. The setting of the anchoring area serves to increase the wall adhesion of the support skeleton 20 around the first opening 301, and further achieves a better anti-internal leakage effect.

[0041] It is understandable that, along the circumference of the tubular covering 10 , the number of anchoring troughs 203 on both sides of the wall-attached trough 234 can be one, two, three, four, etc., and the present application does not limit the number of anchoring troughs 203 .

[0042] At least two densified areas 239 are formed along the circumference of the tubular covering 10 on either side of the trough 234. The support rods 201 on the densified areas 239 and the support rods 201 on the support ring 304 are arranged adjacent to each other along the circumference of the tubular covering 10. The densified areas 239 are connected by two adjacent support rods 201 on the circumferential support frame 23. The two support rods 201 on the densified areas 239 are connected at an angle to form a peak 202 on the circumferential support frame 23. The peak 202 of the densified areas 239 and the trough 234 form two angles formed by the angled connection of two adjacent support rods 201 along the circumference of the tubular covering 10. A support rod 201 on the wall-attached encrypted area 239 of the first reinforced anti-leakage zone is a first wall-attached support rod 232 (a support rod 201 on the wall-attached encrypted area 239 of the first reinforced anti-leakage zone and a first wall-attached support rod 232 on the wall-attached ring 231 are a common support rod 201), and a support rod 201 on the wall-attached encrypted area 239 of the second reinforced anti-leakage zone is a second wall-attached support rod 233 (a support rod 201 on the wall-attached encrypted area 239 of the second reinforced anti-leakage zone and a second wall-attached support rod 233 on the wall-attached ring 231 are a common support rod 201). In other words, the wave crest 202 of the wall-attached encryption area 239 of the first reinforced leak-proof area is formed by connecting the proximal end of the first wall-attached connecting rod 235 on the first wall-attached support rod 232 with the proximal end of the other support rod 201 of the wall-attached encryption area 239 of the first reinforced leak-proof area, and the wave crest 202 of the wall-attached encryption area 239 of the second reinforced leak-proof area is formed by connecting the proximal end of the first wall-attached connecting rod 235 on the second wall-attached support rod 233 with the proximal end of the other support rod 201 of the wall-attached encryption area 239 of the second reinforced leak-proof area.

[0043] Along the circumference of the tubular covering 10, the circumferential length from the distal end of a support rod 201 on the same wall-attached densification area 239 to the extension line of the first wall-attached connecting rod 235 on the adjacent first wall-attached support rod 232, and the circumferential length from the distal end of a support rod 201 on the same wall-attached densification area 239 to the extension line of the first wall-attached connecting rod 235 on the adjacent second wall-attached support rod 233 are less than the circumferential length between the distal ends of two adjacent support rods 201 forming other peaks on the wall skeleton 23; in other words, the first reinforced leak-proof The circumferential length from the distal end of the support rod 201 away from the first through-hole 301 on the wall-attached densified zone 239 of the zone to the extension line of the first wall-attached connecting rod 235 on the first wall-attached support rod 232, and the circumferential length from the distal end of the support rod 201 away from the first through-hole 301 on the wall-attached densified zone 239 of the second reinforced leak-proof zone to the extension line of the first wall-attached connecting rod 235 on the second wall-attached support rod 233 are both smaller than the circumferential length between the distal ends of two adjacent support rods 201 forming other peaks 202 on the wall skeleton 23.

[0044] The anchoring encryption area 212, the proximal encryption area 228 and the wall-adhering encryption area 239 located on the same side of the window structure 30 in the circumferential direction are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction, so that the reinforced anti-leakage area extends roughly along the axial direction. The reinforced anti-leakage areas on both sides of the window structure 30 in the circumferential direction cooperate to improve the wall adhesion of at least part of the support skeleton 20 around the first opening 301 and the second opening 302, and more efficiently improve the anti-internal leakage effect around the first opening 301 and the second opening 302.

[0045] It can be understood that the first reinforced anti-leakage zone extends roughly along the axial direction and is not limited to the wave crests 202 of the anchoring encryption zone 212, the wave crests 202 of the proximal encryption zone 228 and the wave crests 202 of the wall-attached encryption zone 239 on the first reinforced anti-leakage zone being aligned along the axial direction. The wave crests 202 of the anchoring encryption zone 212, the wave crests 202 of the proximal encryption zone 228 and the wave crests 202 of the wall-attached encryption zone 239 on the first reinforced anti-leakage zone can deviate to a certain extent along the axial direction; the first reinforced anti-leakage zone extends roughly along the axial direction, which can be understood as the wave crests 202 of the anchoring encryption zone 212, the wave crests 202 of the proximal encryption zone 228 and the wave crests 202 of the wall-attached encryption zone 239 on the first reinforced anti-leakage zone being circumferentially closer to the window structure. It can be understood that the second reinforced anti-leakage zone extends roughly along the axial direction and is not limited to the wave crests 202 of the anchoring encryption zone 212, the wave crests 202 of the proximal encryption zone 228 and the wave crests 202 of the wall-attached encryption zone 239 on the second reinforced anti-leakage zone being aligned along the axial direction. The wave crests 202 of the anchoring encryption zone 212, the wave crests 202 of the proximal encryption zone 228 and the wave crests 202 of the wall-attached encryption zone 239 on the second reinforced anti-leakage zone can deviate to a certain extent along the axial direction; the second reinforced anti-leakage zone extends roughly along the axial direction, which can be understood as the wave crests 202 of the anchoring encryption zone 212, the wave crests 202 of the proximal encryption zone 228 and the wave crests 202 of the wall-attached encryption zone 239 on the second reinforced anti-leakage zone being circumferentially closer to the window structure.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the wall-attached vascular stent from another perspective. Figure 6It is a perspective structural diagram of the local tubular coating 10 and the embedded branch tube 40 (the supporting frame 20 on the wall-adherent vascular stent is omitted). The wall-adherent vascular stent also includes at least two embedded branch tubes 40, and the at least two embedded branch tubes 40 are respectively located on both sides of the window structure 30 along the circumference of the tubular coating 10. The embedded branch tubes 40 are used to plug and match with the branch stent 140 for reconstructing the branch artery (such as the left and right renal arteries 160). The tubular coating 10 is also provided with at least two branch windows 12, and the at least two embedded branch tubes 40 are respectively fixed to the at least two branch windows 12, and the branch windows 12 are connected to the connecting cavity 11 of the tubular coating 10 through the corresponding embedded branch tubes 40. The branch window 12 is located between the wall-adherent frame 23 and the connecting frame 24.

[0047] Along the circumference of the tubular covering 10, at least one clearing zone 242 is provided on either side of the first opening 301, namely, the two clearing zones 242 are located on either side of the anchoring zone. Along the circumference of the tubular covering 10, at least two clearing zones 242 are located on either side of the two densified areas 239, namely, at least one densified area 239 is located between the clearing zones 242 and the anchoring zone. The clearing zones 242 are formed on the apposition framework 23. The distal ends of the clearing zones 242 are closer to the proximal end of the tubular covering 10 than the distal ends of other areas on the apposition framework 23. The axial length of the clearing zones 242 is shorter than that of other areas on the apposition framework 23.

[0048] The air avoidance area 242 is formed by connecting at least two adjacent support rods 201. For ease of distinction, the at least two support rods 201 on the air avoidance area 242 are named a first air avoidance rod 243 and a second air avoidance rod 244, respectively. The distal end of the first air avoidance rod 243 is connected to the distal end of the second air avoidance rod 244 at an angle to form an air avoidance trough 245. The proximal end of the first air avoidance rod 243 is connected to the proximal end of the adjacent support rod 201 at an angle to form one of the wave crests 202 of the wall-adhering skeleton 23. The proximal end of the second air avoidance rod 244 is connected to the proximal end of the adjacent support rod 201 at an angle to form one of the wave crests 202 of the wall-adhering skeleton 23. The axial lengths of the two support rods 201 in the air-avoidance region 242 along the tubular covering 10 are shorter than the axial lengths of the other support rods 201 on the wall-adherent frame 23 along the tubular covering 10, resulting in the air-avoidance trough 245 being closer to the proximal end of the tubular covering 10 than the other troughs 203 on the wall-adherent frame 23. The branch window 12 is located between the air-avoidance trough 245 and the trough 203 of the connecting frame 24 that is axially adjacent to the air-avoidance trough 245.

[0049] Compared with the situation where the branch window 12 is set on the distal side of the crest 202 of the wall-attached skeleton 23, the setting of the air avoidance zone 242 makes the branch window 12 located on the distal side of the air avoidance trough 245 of the air avoidance zone 242, which is beneficial to avoiding the deformation of the branch window 12 being limited by the crest 202 of the wall-attached skeleton 23, and can provide a larger space for the deformation of the branch window 12 (for example, the displacement of the branch window 12 along the axial, circumferential and / or other directions of the tubular coating 10), which is beneficial to avoiding the branch stent 140 from being squeezed, and is also beneficial to improving the assembly of the wall-attached vascular stent in the delivery sheath (an interventional device for delivering the wall-attached vascular stent in a radially compressed state to the lesion area of the target blood vessel), so that the wall-attached vascular stent can be more conveniently assembled in the delivery sheath.

[0050] The tubular covering 10 includes a first tubular segment 13, a second tubular segment 14, and a third tubular segment 15, arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the tubular covering 10. The first tubular segment 13 can have a substantially constant diameter structure, and the third tubular segment 15 can have at least one of a substantially constant diameter structure and a non-constant diameter structure. The second tubular segment 14 has a substantially tapered non-constant diameter structure, and the diameter of the second tubular segment 14 decreases from the proximal end to the distal end of the tubular covering 10, such that the diameter of the first tubular segment 13 connected to the proximal end of the second tubular segment 14 is greater than the diameter of the third tubular segment 15 connected to the distal end of the second tubular segment 14. It is understood that the constant diameters of the first and second tubular segments 13, 14 are relative to the third tubular segment 15. In actual production, a ±10% error is permitted. Alternatively, the first and second tubular segments 13, 14 may be designed with a slight taper, so that the first and second tubular segments 13, 14 may not have completely constant diameters. The third tube segment 15 can be at least one of an approximately equal-diameter structure and a non-equal-diameter structure. For example, the proximal section of the third tube segment 15 can be tapered, and the diameter of the proximal tapered section of the third tube segment 15 increases successively from the proximal end to the distal end, so that the connection between the proximal end of the third tube segment 15 and the distal end of the second tube segment 14 is the position where the radial dimension of the tubular coating 10 is the smallest, presenting a dumbbell-shaped effect, further providing more space for the movement of the branch stent 140, and the distal section of the third tube segment 15 is an approximately equal-diameter structure.

[0051] The first tube segment 13 can be at least partially (e.g., at the proximal end) used for release into the healthy vascular segment of the target vessel, while the second tube segment 14 and the third tube segment 15 can be used for release into the diseased area of the target vessel. The bare stent 21, the proximal skeleton 22, and the wall-attached skeleton 23 can be located on the first tube segment 13, the connecting skeleton 24 can be located on the second tube segment 14, so that the connecting skeleton 24 forms a corresponding tapered structure, and multiple distal skeletons 25 can be located on the third tube segment 15, so that the branch window 12 is located on the first tube segment 13 and the second tube segment 14, that is, the branch window 12 extends from the first tube segment 13 to the second tube segment 14. Along the axial direction of the tubular covering 10, the second opening 302 is located on the proximal side of the proximal skeleton 22, and the first opening 301 is located between the proximal skeleton 22 and the wall-attached skeleton 23. At least one distal skeleton 25 near the proximal end of the third tube segment 15 and at least one distal skeleton 25 at the distal end are both of equal height waves (the axial lengths of the support rods 201 are the same, and the wave crests 202 are located on the same circumferential horizontal plane, and the wave troughs 203 are located on the same circumferential horizontal plane), and the distal skeleton 25 located at the distal end of the third tube segment 15 is fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the tubular coating 10, which helps to prevent the adherent vascular stent from irritating the vascular wall. Along the axial direction of the tubular coating 10, the remaining distal skeletons 25 between the two distal skeletons 25 of equal height waves are a combination of high and low waves, that is, each crest 202 on each distal skeleton 25 (along the axial direction of the tubular coating 10, the remaining distal skeletons 25 between the two distal skeletons 25 of equal height waves) includes a high wave and a low wave, and the high wave is closer to the proximal end of the tubular coating 10 than the low wave, and the high wave and the low wave are alternately arranged along the circumference of the tubular coating 10.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of a wall-attached vascular stent concealing the support frame 20 and a portion of the tubular covering 10. The embedded branch tube 40 has two axially opposed ends. One end of the embedded branch tube 40 is fixed to the branch window 12, and the other end extends toward the proximal end of the tubular covering 10, extending almost entirely over the first tube segment 13. The diameters of the second and third tube segments 14, 15 are both smaller than those of the first tube segment 13. This is to reduce the risk of compression of the branch stent 140, which is inserted into the embedded branch tube 40, by the tubular covering 10 and the support frame 20 thereon. This helps ensure the success rate of the branch stent 140 during deployment and its long-term patency. Compared with the embedded branch tube 40 extending on the second tube segment 14 and / or the third tube segment 15, the embedded branch tube 40 extending almost on the first tube segment 13 is beneficial to ensuring the blood flux of the tubular coating 10. At the same time, the embedded branch tube 40 extending almost on the first tube segment 13 is also beneficial to increasing the space required for the release of the branch stent 140, improving the success rate of the release of the branch stent 140, and is also beneficial to restoring the blood supply of the branch artery as soon as possible.

[0053] The two embedded branch tubes 40 have different lengths along the axial direction of the tubular coating 10. The proximal end of one embedded branch tube 40 is closer to the proximal end of the tubular coating 10 than the proximal end of the other embedded branch tube 40, so that the proximal ends of the two embedded branch tubes 40 are staggered along the axial direction of the tubular coating 10, which is beneficial to improve the compression ratio of the wall-attached vascular stent in the delivery sheath and reduce the radial size of the delivery sheath, thereby helping to reduce the requirements of intravascular interventional treatment on vascular access.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The embedded branch tube 40 includes an embedded tube segment 41 and a skirt tube segment 42. The skirt tube segment 42 is sealed and fixed to the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41. The skirt tube segment 42 is a tubular membrane. The distal end of the embedded branch tube 40 is sealed and fixed to the branch window 12 through the distal end of the skirt tube segment 42, so that the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is located within the connecting cavity 11 of the tubular covering 10. That is, the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is concave relative to the branch window 12 and the skirt tube segment 42, facilitating the movement of the branch stent 140 and the branch artery. The additional provision of the skirt tube segment 42 is conducive to increasing the movement space of the branch stent 140. That is, the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 can be displaced along the axial, circumferential and / or other directions of the tubular covering 10, thereby increasing the movement space of the branch stent 140, further reducing the possibility of the branch stent 140 being squeezed, and improving the long-term patency of the branch artery. At the same time, the additional setting of the skirt tube section 42 plays the role of guiding support, so that the branch bracket 140 can be better aligned with the branch window 12, making it easier for the branch bracket 140 to be inserted into the embedded branch tube 40, thereby improving the release accuracy of the branch bracket 140.

[0055] The embedded pipe segment 41 includes an embedded membrane 43 and at least one embedded frame 44 fixed to the embedded membrane 43. The embedded membrane 43 is tubular in structure, with retaining rings 45 fixed to both the proximal and distal ends of the embedded membrane 43. The central axis of the retaining rings 45 coincides with the central axis of the embedded membrane 43. The embedded frame 44 has a corrugated structure similar to that of the support frame 20. The provision of the embedded frame 44 improves the anchoring performance of the embedded pipe segment 41, thereby ensuring a more stable insertion of the branch stent 140 into the embedded branch pipe 40. The axial length of the distal end of the embedded skeleton 44 located at the distal end of the embedded coating 43 from the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 can be 8-18 mm, so that there is no embedded skeleton 44 from the distal end of the embedded coating 43 to the proximal end of the skirt tube segment 42, that is, the area between the distal end of the embedded coating 43 and the proximal end of the skirt tube segment 42 is softer, providing more sufficient space for movement for the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41, which is conducive to reducing the risk of the branch stent 140 being squeezed to occlusion after being inserted into the embedded branch tube 40.

[0056] The embedded membrane 43 is a biocompatible fabric, including but not limited to woven or knitted polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polylactide, polyglycolide and their copolymers; fluorinated polymers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, expanded or electrospun polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride; polysiloxanes, such as polydimethylsiloxane; polyurethanes, such as polyether polyurethane, polyurethane urea, polyether polyurethane urea, polyurethane containing carbonate bonds, wound nickel titanium and polyurethane containing siloxane segments; silicone, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer or other suitable materials.

[0057] Both the embedded frame 44 and the corrugated frame are made of elastic materials, allowing them to contract or expand radially. Specifically, the corrugated frame and the embedded frame 44 have radial expansion capabilities, allowing them to be compressed under external force and then self-expand or mechanically expand to their original shape and maintain their initial shape after the external force is removed. Thus, after implantation into a blood vessel, they can adhere to the vessel wall through their radial support force. Elastic materials include, but are not limited to, one or more of nickel-titanium alloys, nickel-titanium superelastic alloys, cobalt-chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloys, copper-based shape memory alloys, iron-based shape memory alloys, medical stainless steel alloys, or various polymers (e.g., polynorbornene, polyurethane, polylactic acid copolymer, etc.).

[0058] In other implementations, see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of another possible implementation method of hiding the support skeleton 20 and part of the tubular coating 10 of the wall-attached vascular stent. The angle between two adjacent support rods 201 on the embedded skeleton 44 can be 180° or 0°, that is, the embedded skeleton 44 is a circular ring structure without crests 202 and troughs 203. The embedded skeleton 44 may not be wavy, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of radial contraction of the wall-attached vascular stent to be accommodated in the delivery sheath, and to a certain extent, it can also reduce the outer diameter of the delivery sheath.

[0059] The proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is tilted, that is, the fixing ring 45 on the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is tilted. With the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 as the bottom point, the tilt direction of the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 can be such that the side of the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 closer to the central axis of the embedded tube segment 41 sinks toward the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 relative to the side of the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 farther from the central axis. In other words, the side of the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 closer to the central axis of the embedded tube segment 41 is closer to the distal end of the tubular covering 10 than the side of the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 farther from the central axis. The distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is tilted, that is, the fixing ring 45 on the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is tilted, and the tilt direction of the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is the same as the tilt direction of the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41. It can be understood that the same inclination direction does not only mean that the surface where the distal end of the embedded pipe segment 41 is located is parallel to the surface where the proximal end of the embedded pipe segment 41 is located. The angle between the surface where the distal end of the embedded pipe segment 41 is located and the central axis of the embedded pipe segment 41 and the angle between the surface where the proximal end of the embedded pipe segment 41 is located and the central axis of the embedded pipe segment 41 can be different or the same.

[0060] The retaining ring 45 on the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 can bend toward the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41, resulting in an arc-shaped curved surface structure on the surface of the retaining ring 45 on the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41. This, in turn, provides the retaining ring 45 on the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 with good resilience, which helps reduce the compression of the retaining ring 45 on the branch stent 140, thereby further ensuring the long-term patency of the branch artery. The proximal side edge of the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is flush with the distal side edge of the first opening 301, further lengthening the axial length of the embedded branch tube 40 and reducing the risk of internal leakage after the branch stent 140 is inserted into the embedded branch tube 40.

[0061] The distal end of the skirt pipe segment 42 is tilted, and the tilt direction of the distal end of the skirt pipe segment 42 is the same as the tilt direction of at least one of the surface where the distal end of the embedded pipe segment 41 is located and the proximal end of the embedded pipe segment 41: it can be understood that the same tilt direction can mean that the surface where the distal end of the skirt pipe segment 42 is located is parallel to the surface where the distal end of the embedded pipe segment 41 is located, or that the surface where the distal end of the skirt pipe segment 42 is located has a tendency to intersect with the surface where the distal end of the embedded pipe segment 41 is located. In other words, the angle between the surface where the distal end of the skirt pipe segment 42 is located and the central axis of the embedded pipe segment 41 and the angle between the surface where the distal end of the embedded pipe segment 41 is located and the central axis of the embedded pipe segment 41 can be different or the same.

[0062] In other embodiments, for example, please refer again to Figure 8 At least one embedded skeleton 44 may be provided on the skirt tube section 42, which will not be described in detail here.

[0063] The distal end of the skirt tube segment 42 can be fixed to the branch window 12, and the distal end of the skirt tube segment 42 is located on the distal side of the air avoidance area 242, and the distal end of the skirt tube segment 42 is located between the wall-adhering frame 23 and the connecting frame 24. The distal end of the skirt tube segment 42 can be sutured and fixed to the branch window 12 by sutures. The suture coil formed by the sutures can serve as a reinforcement ring 46 to maintain the shape of the branch window 12. The suture coil is at least partially sutured around at least two adjacent support rods 201 of the connecting frame 24, so that the reinforcement ring 46 is at least partially enclosed with the at least two adjacent support rods 201 of the connecting frame 24 to form an annular structure, so that the distal end of the branch window 12 tends to be narrower than the proximal end of the branch window 12, thereby allowing the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 to move more stably within the branch window 12, which is also conducive to improving the wall adhesion and structural stability of the branch window 12. Since the reinforcement ring 46 is at least partially enclosed with at least two adjacent support rods 201 of the connecting skeleton 24 to form an annular structure, the branch window 12 extends on the second pipe section 14 and the third pipe section 15, and the second pipe section 14 is in a cone-like shape, so that the branch bracket can more accurately pass through the branch window 12 into the embedded branch pipe 40, reducing the operator's learning curve and also helping to reduce the risk of the branch bracket 140 being squeezed; at the same time, the branch window 12 extends on the second pipe section 14 and the third pipe section 15, and the second pipe section 14 is in a cone-like shape, which can increase the activity space of the skirt pipe section 42, which helps to avoid the branch bracket 140 being squeezed.

[0064] According to exemplary embodiments of the present application, in some exemplary embodiments, a reinforcement ring 46 for maintaining the shape of the branch window 12 may also be additionally fixed at the branch window 12, and the suture line fixes the reinforcement ring 46 to the branch window 12 to maintain the shape of the branch window 12. It can be understood that the reinforcement ring 46 at least partially encloses at least two adjacent support rods 201 on the connecting skeleton 24 to form an annular structure.

[0065] The embedded tube segment 41 is fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the tubular covering 10 by partial suturing, that is, in addition to the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 being fixed to the tubular covering 10 through the skirt tube segment 42, the proximal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is also fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the tubular covering 10. In other words, both ends of the embedded tube segment 41 are fixed to the tubular covering 10, while there is no fixed site in the middle area of the embedded tube segment 41. This fixation method of the embedded tube segment 41 further increases the activity space of the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41, reducing the risk of the branch stent 140 being squeezed. At the same time, the increase in the activity space of the distal end of the embedded tube segment 41 is conducive to adapting to a more diverse distribution of branch arteries, thereby adapting to a more diverse range of diseased blood vessels.

[0066] According to exemplary embodiments of the present application, in some exemplary embodiments, the proximal support ring 303, the wall-adherent support ring 304, the retaining ring 45, and the reinforcement ring 46 may each be provided with a radiopaque marker (not shown) to indicate the positions of the proximal support ring 303, the wall-adherent support ring 304, the retaining ring 45, and the reinforcement ring 46, respectively. The radiopaque marker may be made of a material with excellent X-ray opacity, strong corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility, such as gold, platinum, tantalum, osmium, rhenium, tungsten, iridium, rhodium, or alloys thereof. It is understood that the radiopaque marker may also be understood as the proximal support ring 303, the wall-adherent support ring 304, the retaining ring 45, and the reinforcement ring 46 each being provided with a radiopaque material; or, alternatively, the proximal support ring 303, the wall-adherent support ring 304, the retaining ring 45, and the reinforcement ring 46 may be provided with a radiopaque marker, with the radiopaque marker being disposed around at least a portion of the proximal support ring 303, at least a portion of the wall-adherent support ring 304, at least a portion of the retaining ring 45, and at least a portion of the reinforcement ring 46.

[0067] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 Adhesion bands 50 are secured around both second opening 302 and first opening 301. Adhesion bands 50 on first opening 301 are located approximately between adhesion ring 231 and adhesion support ring 304, further enhancing the circumferential adhesion of first opening 301 and thereby improving the internal leakage prevention of first opening 301. It will be appreciated that the shape of adhesion bands 50 varies depending on the shape of fenestration structure 30, and the shape of proximal support ring 303 and adhesion support ring 304 also varies depending on the shape of fenestration structure 30. For example, if the first opening 301 is a structure similar to a circle, an ellipse or other irregular ring shape, then the circumferential wall band 50 and the wall support ring 304 fixed to the first opening 301 are also closed-loop structures similar to a circle, an ellipse or other irregular ring shape, so that the wall band 50 can better prevent internal leakage; if the second opening 302 is a shape similar to a U-shape, then the circumferential wall band 50 and the proximal support ring 303 fixed to the second opening 302 are also open-loop structures similar to a U-shape, so as to prevent the wall band 50 and the proximal support ring 303 from blocking the second opening 302 from connecting with the root opening of the target branch artery.

[0068] The fenestration structure 30 includes an inner edge 305 and an outer edge 306. The inner edge 305 of the fenestration structure 30 can be used to contact the peripheral wall of the branch stent 140 or the branch artery, and the outer edge 306 of the fenestration structure 30 is located on the peripheral wall of the tubular coating 10. Depending on the distance between the apposition band 50 and the center of the fenestration structure 30, different regions of the apposition band 50 have different characteristics. Specifically, the apposition band 50 can include a first region 501 and a second region 502. The first region 501 is closer to the fenestration structure 30 than the second region 502. In other words, the second region 502 is farther away from the fenestration structure 30 than the first region 501. The first region 501 is disposed closely adjacent to and surrounding the fenestration structure 30, i.e., it encompasses at least a portion of the inner edge 305 and at least a portion of the outer edge 306 of the fenestration structure 30. The second region 502 is disposed closely adjacent to and surrounding the side of the first region 501 away from the fenestration structure 30, encompassing at least a portion of the outer edge 306 of the fenestration structure 30. A smooth transition is formed between the first region 501 and the second region 502. The region defined by the adhesive tape 50 forms the inner edge 305 and outer edge 306 of the fenestration structure 30.

[0069] According to exemplary embodiments of the present application, in some exemplary embodiments, the first region 501 may not surround at least a portion of the inner edge 305 of the fenestration structure 30. That is, the applicator band 50 is located on the outer peripheral wall of the tubular covering 10, and the first region 501 surrounds at least a portion of the outer edge 306 of the fenestration structure 30. The second region 502 is closely attached to and surrounds the first region 501 on a side away from the fenestration structure 30. The second region 502 surrounds at least a portion of the outer edge 306 of the fenestration structure 30, and a smooth transition is formed between the first region 501 and the second region 502. The region defined by the applicator band 50 also forms the outer edge 306 of the fenestration structure 30.

[0070] The thickness of the first region 501 is greater than the thickness of the second region 502. The thickness of the first region 501 is greater than the wire diameter of the support frame 20, while the thickness of the second region 502 is less than the wire diameter of the support frame 20. Along the radial direction of the apposition vascular stent, the thickness of the first region 501 is greater than the wire diameter of the support frame 20, causing the first region 501 located at the outer edge 306 of the fenestration structure 30 to protrude from the support frame 20. The thickness of the second region 502 is less than the wire diameter of the support frame 20, causing the second region 502 to be concave relative to the support frame 20. The thickness of the first region 501 is greater than the wire diameter of the support frame 20, allowing the first region 501 of the apposition band 50 to better fill the gap between the fenestration structure 30 and the vessel wall and / or the gap between the fenestration structure 30 and the branch stent 140, thereby better blocking blood flow impact, facilitating the reduction of endoleakage caused by blood flowing through the gap into the aneurysm cavity 130, and reducing the risk of endoleakage after the apposition vascular stent is implanted in the target vessel. The thickness of the second area 502 of the wall band 50 is less than the wire diameter of the support frame 20, that is, the thickness of the second area 502 of the wall band 50 is less than the thickness of the first area 501, so that the area of the wall band 50 close to the window structure 30 is thicker, and the area of the wall band 50 far away from the window structure 30 is relatively thin; radiating along the radial direction of the window structure 30 with the center of the window structure 30, the thickness of the wall band 50 decreases from near to far, so that the thickness of the wall band 50 transitions smoothly from near to far, reducing the height difference between the thickness of the wall band 50 and the wire diameter of the support frame 20, and increasing the contact area between the support frame 20 and the wall band 50 and the blood vessel wall, enhancing the wall adhesion of the wall-adhering vascular stent, and further reducing the occurrence of internal leakage.

[0071] The wire diameter of the support frame 20 may be 0.3-0.5 mm, the thickness of the first region 501 of the adherent tape 50 may be 0.35-0.60 mm, and the thickness of the second region 502 of the adherent tape 50 may be 0.15-0.28 mm.

[0072] The first region 501 of the adhesive band 50 can be formed by folding a multi-layer membrane, and the second region 502 of the adhesive band 50 can be formed by folding a single-layer membrane or a multi-layer membrane, with the number of membrane layers in the second region 502 being less than the number of membrane layers in the first region 501. The adhesive band 50 can be fixed to the adherent vascular stent (e.g., the tubular covering 10 and / or the support frame 20) by sutures. It is understood that the adhesive band 50 can also be fixed to the adherent vascular stent by methods such as coating, stamping, applying, inlaying, or hot pressing. This embodiment uses the example of the adhesive band 50 being fixed to the adherent vascular stent by suturing, and does not limit the fixing method of the adhesive band 50.

[0073] In other embodiments, at least one wall-adhering band 50 may also be disposed at a circumferential position of at least one branch window 12 .

[0074] The tubular coating 10 and the wall-adhering band 50 are both biocompatible fabrics, including but not limited to woven or knitted polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polylactide, polyglycolide and their copolymers; fluorinated polymers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, expanded or electrospun polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride; polysiloxanes, such as polydimethylsiloxane; polyurethanes, such as polyether polyurethane, polyurethane urea, polyether polyurethane urea, polyurethane containing carbonate bonds, wound nickel titanium and polyurethane containing siloxane segments; silicone, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer or other suitable materials.

[0075] The density of the biocompatible fabric used in the adhesion band 50 is lower than that of the biocompatible fabric used in the tubular covering 10, making the adhesion band 50 more fluffy and soft, which is conducive to the adhesion band 50 better filling the gap between the fenestration structure 30 and the blood vessel wall, and achieving a better anti-endoleakage effect.

[0076] The support frame 20 is made of an elastic material, allowing it to contract or expand radially. Specifically, the support frame 20 has radial expansion capabilities, allowing it to be compressed under external force and then to self-expand or mechanically expand to its original shape and maintain its original shape after the external force is removed. Thus, after implantation into a blood vessel, the support frame 20 can adhere to the vessel wall through its radial support force. Elastic materials include, but are not limited to, one or more of nickel-titanium alloys, nickel-titanium superelastic alloys, cobalt-chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloys, copper-based shape memory alloys, iron-based shape memory alloys, medical stainless steel alloys, or various polymers (e.g., polynorbornene, polyurethane, polylactic acid copolymer, etc.).

[0077] In a possible application scenario of an adherent vascular stent, please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9The diagram is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which a wall-attached vascular stent is used to reconstruct the abdominal aorta 120. The blood vessel may be the abdominal aorta 120. Taking the wall-attached vascular stent as an example, for example, for a perinephric abdominal aortic aneurysm formed around the kidney by the abdominal aorta 120, the first tube segment 13 of the wall-attached vascular stent can be released into the relatively healthy blood vessel above the kidney of the abdominal aorta 120 to improve the anchoring performance of the wall-attached vascular stent within the target blood vessel, so that the proximal end of the wall-attached vascular stent fits more closely with the vessel wall of the target blood vessel, which is beneficial for reducing the risk of type I endoleak. The second tube segment 14 and the third tube segment 15 of the wall-attached vascular stent are relatively close to the aneurysm cavity 130 area of the abdominal aorta 120, providing more sufficient space for the entry of the branch stent 140 and reducing the risk of the branch stent 140 being squeezed. Multiple branch stents 140 are released into the first port 301 and / or at least one embedded branch tube 40 to reconstruct at least one branch artery on the abdominal aorta 120 (eg, the left and right renal arteries 160 and the superior mesenteric artery 170 ). Figure 9 As shown, multiple branch stents 140 are released into the first port 301 and two embedded branch tubes 40 respectively for reconstructing the left and right renal arteries 160 and the superior mesenteric artery 170 on the abdominal aorta 120 .

[0078] In a possible application scenario of an adherent vascular stent, please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 The diagram is a scene diagram of a wall-attached vascular stent used to reconstruct the aortic arch 190. The blood vessel may be the aortic arch 190. Taking the wall-attached vascular stent as an example, the wall-attached vascular stent is released into the aortic arch 190 and the brachiocephalic artery 200 is reconstructed. The wall-attached vascular stent is released into the aortic arch 190. For the aneurysm cavity 130 or dissection formed by the aortic arch 190, the first tube segment 13 of the wall-attached vascular stent can be released into a relatively healthy blood vessel on the aortic arch 190 to improve the anchoring performance of the wall-attached vascular stent in the target blood vessel, so that the proximal end of the wall-attached vascular stent fits more tightly with the vascular wall of the target blood vessel, which is beneficial to reduce the risk of type I endoleak. The second tube segment 14 and the third tube segment 15 of the wall-attached vascular stent are relatively close to the aneurysm cavity 130 area of the aortic arch 190, providing more sufficient space for the entry of the branch stent 140 and reducing the risk of the branch stent 140 being squeezed. The branch stent 140 is released into the first port 301 and / or at least one embedded branch tube 40 to reconstruct at least one branch artery on the aortic arch 190 (such as the brachiocephalic artery 200, the left common carotid artery 210 and the left clavicular artery 220). Figure 10 The branch stent 140 is shown being released to the second fenestration structure 402 for reconstruction of the brachiocephalic artery 200 on the aortic arch 190 .

[0079] In other exemplary application scenarios, for example Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram of a scenario in which the wall-attached vascular stent is used to reconstruct the aortic arch 190 , where the second opening 303 is aligned with the root opening of at least one branch artery on the aortic arch 190 .

[0080] The second embodiment of the present application provides a stent graft system, please refer to Figure 12 The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the second embodiment further includes a bifurcated stent graft 230 and at least one extended stent 250. The proximal end of the bifurcated stent graft 230 is plugged into and mated with the distal end of the vascular stent. In other words, the proximal end of the bifurcated stent graft 230 is plugged into and mated with at least a portion of the third tube segment 15 of the vascular stent. The bifurcated stent graft 230 includes a proximal tube segment 2301, a first side branch 2302, and a second side branch 2303. The first side branch 2302 is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment 2301 and communicates with the proximal tube segment 2301. The second side branch 2303 is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment 2301 and communicates with the proximal tube segment 2301, so that the proximal tube segment 2301 is diverted along the first side branch 2302 and the second side branch 2303, respectively. The axial length of the first side branch 2302 is greater than the axial length of the second side branch 2303. The proximal end of the extension bracket 250 is plugged into and matched with the distal end of at least one of the first side branch 2302 and the second side branch 2303. In this embodiment, the proximal end of the extension bracket 250 is plugged into and matched with the distal end of the second side branch 2303.

[0081] For possible application scenarios of a stent graft system, please continue to refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 The following is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which the stent graft system of this embodiment is used to reconstruct the abdominal aorta 120. The blood vessel may be the abdominal aorta 120. For example, the stent graft system is released into the abdominal aorta 120. For a perinephric abdominal aortic aneurysm formed around the kidney of the abdominal aorta 120, the first tube segment 13 of the stent graft system can be released into the healthier blood vessels above the kidney of the abdominal aorta 120 to improve the anchoring performance of the stent graft system in the target blood vessel, so that the proximal end of the stent graft system fits more closely with the vascular wall of the target blood vessel, which is conducive to reducing the risk of type I endoleak. The second tube segment 14 and the third tube segment 15 of the stent graft system are relatively close to the aneurysm cavity 130 area of the abdominal aorta 120, providing more sufficient space for the entry of the branch stent 140 and reducing the risk of the branch stent 140 being squeezed. The branch stent 140 is released into the fenestration structure and / or at least one embedded branch tube 90 to reconstruct at least one branch artery on the abdominal aorta 120 (eg, the left and right renal arteries 160 and the superior mesenteric artery 170 ). Figure 12As shown, multiple branch stents 140 are released into the second fenestration structure 402 and two embedded branch tubes 90 for reconstruction of the left and right renal arteries 160 and the superior mesenteric artery 170 on the abdominal aorta 120, the first side branch 2302 and the second side branch 2303 are released into the two iliac arteries 260, and the extended stent 250 is released into an iliac artery 260 along with the second side branch 2303.

[0082] The third embodiment of the present application provides a stent graft system, please refer to Figure 13 The third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the third embodiment further includes a bifurcated stent graft 230 and at least one extended stent 250. The proximal end of the bifurcated stent graft 230 is fixed to the distal end of the vascular stent graft, and the bifurcated stent graft 230 and the vascular stent graft are integrally formed. The bifurcated stent graft 230 includes a proximal tube segment 2301, a first side branch 2302, and a second side branch 2303. The first side branch 2302 is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment 2301 and communicates with the proximal tube segment 2301. The second side branch 2303 is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment 2301 and communicates with the proximal tube segment 2301, so that the proximal tube segment 2301 is divided along the first side branch 2302 and the second side branch 2303. The axial length of the first side branch 2302 is greater than the axial length of the second side branch 2303. The proximal end of the extension bracket 250 is fixed to the distal end of at least one of the first side branch 2302 and the second side branch 2303. The extension bracket 250 is integrally formed with at least one of the first side branch 2302 and the second side branch 2303. In this embodiment, the extension bracket 250 is integrally formed with the second side branch 2303.

[0083] For possible application scenarios of a stent graft system, please continue to refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 The following is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which the stent graft system of this embodiment is used to reconstruct the abdominal aorta 120. The blood vessel may be the abdominal aorta 120. For example, the stent graft system is released into the abdominal aorta 120. For a perinephric abdominal aortic aneurysm formed around the kidney of the abdominal aorta 120, the first tube segment 13 of the stent graft system can be released into the healthier blood vessels above the kidney of the abdominal aorta 120 to improve the anchoring performance of the stent graft system in the target blood vessel, so that the proximal end of the stent graft system fits more closely with the vascular wall of the target blood vessel, which is conducive to reducing the risk of type I endoleak. The second tube segment 14 and the third tube segment 15 of the stent graft system are relatively close to the aneurysm cavity 130 area of the abdominal aorta 120, providing more sufficient space for the entry of the branch stent 140 and reducing the risk of the branch stent 140 being squeezed. The branch stent 140 is released into the fenestration structure and / or at least one embedded branch tube 90 to reconstruct at least one branch artery on the abdominal aorta 120 (eg, the left and right renal arteries 160 and the superior mesenteric artery 170 ). Figure 13 As shown, multiple branch stents 140 are released into the second fenestration structure 402 and two embedded branch tubes 90 for reconstruction of the left and right renal arteries 160 and the superior mesenteric artery 170 on the abdominal aorta 120, the first side branch 2302 and the second side branch 2303 are released into the two iliac arteries 260, and the extended stent 250 is released into an iliac artery 260 along with the second side branch 2303.

[0084] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A wall-attached vascular stent, characterized in that: include: A tubular covering, wherein the tubular covering is a tubular structure with openings at both ends, the tubular covering encloses a communicating cavity, and the tubular covering is provided with at least one window structure; A support frame coaxially fixed to the tubular covering, the support frame comprising a plurality of support rods connected in sequence at an angle, wherein two adjacent angles along the circumference of the tubular covering are respectively a crest and a trough, and the crest is closer to the proximal end of the tubular covering than the trough; the support frame comprises a wall-adhering frame, the wall-adhering frame being provided with at least one anchoring region, the distal end of the anchoring region being closer to the proximal end of the tubular covering than other regions on the wall-adhering frame, and the axial length of the anchoring region being greater than the axial length of other regions on the wall-adhering frame; The fenestration structure includes at least one first opening, the at least one first opening is located on the proximal side of the wall-adherent frame, and the anchoring area is arranged around at least a portion of the first opening; Two adjacent support rods on the wall-adherent frame form a wall-adherent ring surrounding at least a portion of the first opening, and the trough formed by the distal ends of the two support rods on the wall-adherent ring being connected to each other at an angle is the wall-adherent trough.

2. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the troughs adjacent to the wall-attached trough on both sides of the circumference are respectively the first reinforcing trough and the second reinforcing trough. The first reinforcing trough, the second reinforcing trough and the wall-attached trough are farther away from the proximal end of the tubular membrane than the other troughs in the wall-attached skeleton. The two adjacent support rods forming the first reinforcing trough, the two adjacent support rods forming the second reinforcing trough and the two support rods forming the wall-attached trough have longer axial lengths than the support rods forming other troughs in the wall-attached skeleton to form an anchoring area.

3. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the axial direction of the tubular coating, the distance from the distal ends of the two adjacent support rods forming the first reinforcing trough, the two adjacent support rods forming the second reinforcing trough, and the two support rods forming the wall-attached trough to the distal ends of the support rods forming other troughs in the wall-attached skeleton is the axial length of the anchoring area, and the axial length of the anchoring area is 3-5 mm.

4. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a wall-adherent support ring fixed to the tubular covering, and the wall-adherent support ring is arranged around the first through-hole to maintain the shape of the first through-hole; the two support rods on the wall-adherent ring are respectively a first wall-adherent support rod and a second wall-adherent support rod, and the first wall-adherent support rod and the second wall-adherent support rod both include a first wall-adherent connecting rod and a second wall-adherent connecting rod connected along the axial direction, and the first wall-adherent connecting rod is closer to the proximal end of the tubular covering than the second wall-adherent connecting rod; for the same support rod, the distal end of the first wall-adherent connecting rod is connected to the proximal end of the second wall-adherent connecting rod at an angle to form a connecting trough; the wall-adherent support ring is located on the proximal side of the wall-adherent ring, so that the wall-adherent ring forms an open-loop structure surrounding at least a portion of the wall-adherent support ring.

5. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 4, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the tubular coating, at least one wall-adherent densification area is formed on each side of the wall-adherent wave trough, and the wall-adherent densification area is formed by connecting two adjacent support rods on the wall-adherent skeleton, and the two support rods on the wall-adherent densification area are connected at an angle to form a wave peak on the wall-adherent skeleton; the support rod on one wall-adherent densification area is the first wall-adherent support rod, and the support rod on the other wall-adherent support rod is the second wall-adherent support rod; along the circumference of the tubular coating, the circumferential length from the distal end of a support rod on the same wall-adherent densification area to the extension line of the first wall-adherent connecting rod on the adjacent first wall-adherent support rod, and the circumferential length from the distal end of a support rod on the same wall-adherent densification area to the extension line of the first wall-adherent connecting rod on the adjacent second wall-adherent support rod are less than the circumferential length between the distal ends of two adjacent support rods forming other wave peaks on the wall-adherent skeleton.

6. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 4, characterized in that: An extension tube segment is fixed in the wall-adhering support ring, and the extension tube segment is located in the connecting cavity of the tubular membrane. The first port is connected to the connecting cavity of the tubular membrane through the extension tube segment. The extension tube segment includes an extension membrane with a tubular structure and at least one corrugated frame fixed on the extension membrane. The axial length of the extension tube segment itself is 2.5-3.5 mm.

7. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one first reinforced anti-leakage area and at least one second reinforced anti-leakage area are formed on both sides of the circumferential direction of the window structure, wherein one of the wall-attached encryption areas forms at least a part of the first reinforced anti-leakage area, and the other wall-attached encryption area forms at least a part of the second reinforced anti-leakage area; the first reinforced anti-leakage area and the second reinforced anti-leakage area also include a proximal encryption area and an anchoring encryption area, and the proximal encryption area and the anchoring encryption area are respectively formed by connecting at least two adjacent support rods on a support frame, and the anchoring encryption area, the proximal encryption area and the wall-attached encryption area are located The support skeleton is adjacent in the axial direction, so that the anchoring encryption area, the proximal encryption area and the wall-attached encryption area on the first reinforced anti-leakage area are arranged adjacent in the axial direction so that the first reinforced anti-leakage area extends in the axial direction, and the anchoring encryption area, the proximal encryption area and the wall-attached encryption area on the second reinforced anti-leakage area are arranged adjacent in the axial direction so that the second reinforced anti-leakage area extends in the axial direction; the maximum circumferential length between the two support rods on each of the anchoring encryption area, the proximal encryption area and the wall-attached encryption area is less than the maximum circumferential length between the other two adjacent support rods on the support skeleton.

8. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The window structure also includes at least one second opening, the second opening is located on the proximal side of the first opening, and the second opening passes through the proximal end of the tubular membrane, so that the second opening forms an open-loop structure; the support skeleton also includes a proximal skeleton located on the proximal side of the wall-attached skeleton, and two adjacent support rods on the proximal skeleton are enclosed to form a proximal support ring that maintains the shape of the second opening; the two support rods on the proximal support ring are respectively a first support rod and a second support rod, and the distal end of the first support rod and the distal end of the second support rod are connected at an angle to form a support trough, the first support rod and the second support rod include a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod connected in the axial direction, the first connecting rod is closer to the proximal end of the tubular membrane than the second connecting rod, and the distal end of the first connecting rod of the same support rod is connected at an angle to form a connecting trough.

9. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 8, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the tubular coating, at least one proximal encryption area is formed on both sides of the support trough, and the proximal encryption area is formed by connecting two adjacent support rods on the proximal skeleton, and the two support rods on the proximal encryption area are connected at an angle to form a wave peak on the proximal skeleton; one of the support rods on the proximal encryption area of the first reinforced anti-leakage area is a first support rod, and one of the support rods on the proximal encryption area of the second reinforced anti-leakage area is a second support rod; the circumferential length from the distal end of the support rod on the proximal encryption area of the first reinforced anti-leakage area away from the second opening to the extension line of the first connecting rod on the first support rod, and the circumferential length from the distal end of the support rod on the proximal encryption area of the second reinforced anti-leakage area away from the second opening to the extension line of the first connecting rod on the second support rod are both smaller than the circumferential length between the distal ends of the two adjacent support rods forming other wave peaks on the proximal skeleton.

10. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 9, characterized in that: The support skeleton also includes a bare stent located on the proximal side of the proximal skeleton, the trough of the bare stent is fixed on the tubular coating, and the crest of the bare stent and at least part of the axial length of the support rod extend out of the proximal end of the tubular coating; along the circumference of the tubular coating, two adjacent support rods form an avoidance area across the second opening, and the distal ends of the two support rods on the avoidance area are respectively located on both sides of the second opening.

11. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 10, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the tubular coating, at least one anchoring and encryption area is formed on each side of the avoidance area, and the anchoring and encryption area is formed by connecting two adjacent support rods on the bare stent. The circumferential length between the distal ends of the two support rods on the avoidance area is greater than the circumferential length between the distal ends of the two adjacent support rods forming other wave peaks on the bare stent. The circumferential length between the distal ends of the two support rods on the anchoring and encryption area is less than the circumferential length between the distal ends of the two support rods on the avoidance area. The two support rods on the anchoring and encryption area and the two support rods on the avoidance area are arranged adjacent to each other along the circumference of the tubular coating.

12. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 11, characterized in that: The distance between the distal ends of the two support rods on the avoidance zone is 17-24% of the circumferential length of the proximal end of the tubular coating, and the distance between the distal ends of the two support rods on the anchoring and encryption zone is 5-10% of the circumferential length of the proximal end of the tubular coating.

13. The adherent vascular stent according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The wall-adherent vascular stent also includes at least two embedded branch tubes for plugging and cooperating with the branch stent for reconstructing the branch artery, at least two of the embedded branch tubes are fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the tubular coating, and at least two of the embedded branch tubes are respectively located on both sides of the window structure along the circumference of the tubular coating; the tubular coating is also provided with at least two branch windows, at least two of the embedded branch tubes are respectively fixed to at least two of the branch windows, and the branch windows are connected to the connecting cavity of the tubular coating through the corresponding embedded branch tubes, and the branch windows are located on the distal side of the wall-adherent skeleton.

14. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 13, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the tubular coating, at least one air avoidance area is provided on each side of the first opening; the air avoidance area is formed on the wall-attached skeleton, the distal end of the air avoidance area is closer to the proximal end of the tubular coating than the distal ends of other areas on the wall-attached skeleton, and the axial length of the air avoidance area is less than the axial length of other areas on the wall-attached skeleton.

15. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 14, characterized in that: The air avoidance zone is formed by connecting at least two adjacent support rods on the wall-attached skeleton. The trough formed by the distal ends of the at least two support rods forming the air avoidance zone are connected at an angle, and the axial lengths of the two support rods on the air avoidance zone along the tubular membrane are both smaller than the axial lengths of the other support rods on the wall-attached skeleton along the tubular membrane. The air avoidance trough is closer to the proximal end of the tubular membrane than the other troughs on the wall-attached skeleton, and the branch window is located on the distal side of the air avoidance trough.

16. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 15, characterized in that: The support frame also includes at least one proximal frame, at least one connecting frame and multiple distal frames. The proximal frame, the wall-attached frame, the connecting frame and the distal frame are arranged in sequence from the proximal end to the distal end along the axial direction of the tubular membrane. The tubular membrane includes a first tube segment, a second tube segment and a third tube segment. The first tube segment, the second tube segment and the third tube segment are connected in sequence from the proximal end to the distal end along the axial direction of the tubular membrane. The first tube segment has an equal diameter structure, the third tube segment has at least one of an equal diameter structure and a non-equal diameter structure, the second tube segment has a tapered non-equal diameter structure, and the diameter of the second tube segment gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end of the tubular membrane. The diameter of the first tube segment connected to the proximal end of the second tube segment is larger than the diameter of the third tube segment connected to the distal end of the second tube segment. The proximal frame and the wall-attached frame are located on the first tube segment, the connecting frame is located on the second tube segment, so that the connecting frame forms an adaptive tapered structure, and the distal frame is located on the third tube segment.

17. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 16, characterized in that: The branch window is located between the air-avoidance trough and the trough of the connecting frame adjacent to the air-avoidance trough in the axial direction, and the branch window extends from the first pipe segment to the second pipe segment.

18. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 13, characterized in that: At least two of the embedded branch tubes have different lengths along the axial direction of the tubular covering, so that the proximal end of one of the embedded branch tubes is closer to the proximal end of the tubular covering than the proximal end of the other embedded branch tube.

19. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 16, characterized in that: The embedded branch pipe includes an embedded pipe section and a skirt pipe section. The skirt pipe section is sealed and fixed to the distal end of the embedded pipe section. The distal end of the embedded branch pipe is sealed and fixed to the branch window through the distal end of the skirt pipe section, so that the distal end of the embedded pipe section is located in the connecting cavity.

20. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 19, characterized in that: The proximal end and the distal end of the embedded pipe segment are both inclined, and at least the distal end of the embedded pipe segment is provided with a fixing ring. The fixing ring on the distal end of the embedded pipe segment is bent toward the proximal end of the embedded pipe segment, so that the surface where the distal end of the embedded pipe segment is located is an arc-shaped curved surface structure.

21. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 19, characterized in that: A reinforcement ring is fixed to the distal end of the skirt tube segment, and the distal end of the skirt tube segment is inclined. The reinforcement ring at least partially encloses at least two adjacent support rods on the connecting skeleton that form the trough to form a closed loop structure, and the circumferential length of the distal end of the branch window is smaller than the circumferential length of the proximal end of the branch window.

22. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 19, characterized in that: The window structure also includes at least one second opening, which is located on the proximal side of the first opening. The second opening passes through the proximal end of the tubular coating, so that the second opening forms an open-loop structure; the proximal side edge of the distal end of the embedded tube segment is flush with the distal side edge of the second opening.

23. The adherent vascular stent according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The window structure also includes at least one second opening, which is located on the proximal side of the first opening, and the second opening passes through the proximal end of the tubular coating, so that the second opening forms an open-loop structure; the support skeleton also includes a proximal skeleton located on the proximal side of the wall-adherent skeleton, and two adjacent support rods on the proximal skeleton are combined to form a proximal support ring that maintains the shape of the second opening; the wall-adherent vascular stent also includes at least one wall-adherent band, at least one wall-adherent band is tightly attached to and surrounds the first opening, and at least one wall-adherent band is tightly attached to and surrounds the second opening.

24. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 23, characterized in that: The wall-adhering band includes a first area and a second area. The first area is arranged closely to and surrounds at least one of the window structures. The second area is arranged closely to and surrounds the side of the first area away from the window structure. The thickness of the first area is greater than the thickness of the second area.

25. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 24, characterized in that: The thickness of the first region is greater than the wire diameter of the support frame, and the thickness of the second region is less than the wire diameter of the support frame.

26. The adherent vascular stent according to claim 23, characterized in that: The attachment band and the tubular covering are both made of biocompatible fabrics. The density of the biocompatible fabric used in the attachment band is lower than that of the biocompatible fabric used in the tubular covering, so that the attachment band is more fluffy and soft.

27. A stent graft system, characterized in that: It includes the wall-attached vascular stent described in any one of claims 1-26, and also includes a bifurcated coated stent and at least one extended stent, the proximal end of the bifurcated coated stent is plugged into and matched with the distal end of the wall-attached vascular stent; the bifurcated coated stent includes a proximal tube segment, a first side branch and a second side branch, the first side branch is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment and communicated with the proximal tube segment, the second side branch is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment and communicated with the proximal tube segment, so that the proximal tube segment is shunted along the first side branch and the second side branch respectively, and the proximal end of the extended stent is plugged into and matched with the distal end of at least one of the first side branch and the second side branch.

28. A stent graft system, characterized in that: It includes the wall-attached vascular stent according to any one of claims 1 to 26, and also includes a bifurcated coated stent and at least one extended stent, the proximal end of the bifurcated coated stent is fixed to the distal end of the wall-attached vascular stent, and the bifurcated coated stent is formed integrally with the wall-attached vascular stent; the bifurcated coated stent includes a proximal tube segment, a first side branch and a second side branch, the first side branch is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment and is connected to the proximal tube segment, the second side branch is fixed to the distal end of the proximal tube segment and is connected to the proximal tube segment, so that the proximal tube segment is shunted along the first side branch and the second side branch respectively, the proximal end of the extended stent is fixed to the distal end of at least one of the first side branch and the second side branch, and the extended stent is formed integrally with at least one of the first side branch and the second side branch.

Images