Heat exchange module, thermal management system, electric vehicle and energy storage system

Abstract

The application discloses a heat exchange module, a thermal management system, an electric vehicle and an energy storage system. The heat exchange module comprises a heat exchange unit (10), an electric heating unit (20) and a valve unit (30). The heat exchange unit (10) comprises a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel. The electric heating unit (20) comprises a heating cavity (21). The valve unit (30) is arranged to selectively connect the heating cavity (21) and the first fluid channel in series. The application can selectively connect the heating cavity and the first fluid channel in series through the valve unit, so that the electric heating unit can selectively work in combination with the heat exchange unit according to needs, effective integration of the heat exchange module is achieved, and multiple working modes can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric heating, and more specifically, to a heat exchange module, a thermal management system, an electric vehicle, and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In applications such as indoor air conditioning, new energy vehicles, and thermal management of energy storage systems, both heat pumps and electric heaters are sometimes used simultaneously. However, in these systems, the two typically operate independently. For example, in a household air conditioner with auxiliary heating, the electric heater is positioned in parallel in front of the indoor fan. It provides heating when the outdoor temperature is extremely low and the heat pump's heating capacity is insufficient, essentially operating two heat sources in parallel. In this operating mode, the electric heater does not effectively improve the heat pump's efficiency. While it somewhat compensates for the insufficient heating capacity of the heat pump system, the system is quite complex; furthermore, the control of the two heating circuits is independent, resulting in poor control precision.

[0003] Furthermore, in a thermal management system, it is generally desirable for the same heat exchanger to be usable for both cooling and heating. Moreover, to reduce system complexity, minimize size, and save costs, it is desirable to effectively integrate the various components within the entire thermal management system.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively improve the synergistic operation of electric heaters and heat pumps is the technical problem that this application needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application proposes a heat exchange module to effectively integrate an electric heating unit with a heat exchanger.

[0006] This application provides a heat exchange module, wherein the heat exchange module includes a heat exchange unit, an electric heating unit and a valve unit, the heat exchange unit includes a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel, the electric heating unit includes a heating chamber, and the valve unit is configured to selectively connect the heating chamber in series with the first fluid channel.

[0007] Preferably, the inlet of the heating chamber is connected to the first fluid channel, and the valve unit includes an on / off valve disposed at the connection between the heating chamber and the first fluid channel.

[0008] Preferably, the on / off valve includes a valve body and a valve core. The valve body is sealed through the heating chamber and extends into the first fluid channel. The valve body is provided with a sliding cavity communicating with the first fluid channel. The valve core is slidably disposed in the sliding cavity. The valve body is provided with a communicating hole communicating with the heating chamber and the sliding cavity. The communicating hole is located on the sliding path of the valve core.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting hole is arranged radially along the valve body, and / or the valve body is provided with a plurality of the connecting holes.

[0010] Preferably, the inlet of the heating chamber is connected to the outlet of the first fluid channel, the heat exchange module includes a first fluid outlet pipeline connected to the outlet of the first fluid channel, the valve unit includes a three-way valve disposed on the first fluid outlet pipeline, and the outlet of the heating chamber is connected to the three-way valve.

[0011] Preferably, the heat exchange module includes a first port P1 and a second port P2 respectively disposed at both ends of the first fluid channel, a third port P3 and a fourth port P4 respectively disposed at both ends of the second fluid channel, and a fifth port P5 disposed at the outlet of the heating chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the electric heating unit is plate-shaped, and the fifth port P5 and the heat exchange unit are respectively disposed on both sides of the thickness direction of the plate-shaped electric heating unit.

[0013] Preferably, the electric heating unit includes a heating element, wherein: the heating element is disposed on the bottom outer surface of the heating cavity opposite to the heat exchange unit, and / or, the heating element includes one of a resistance wire, a heating tube, a PTC ceramic element, and a film heating element.

[0014] Preferably, the heating cavity is provided with a temperature monitoring unit, and the controller of the electric heating unit is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring unit to control the electric heating unit according to the feedback from the monitoring unit.

[0015] Preferably, the flow channels of the electric heating unit and / or the heat exchange unit are configured to switch the direction of fluid flow.

[0016] This application also provides a thermal management system, wherein the thermal management system includes the heat exchange module of this application.

[0017] This application also provides an electric vehicle that includes the thermal management system of this application, wherein the electric vehicle is a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle.

[0018] This application also provides an energy storage system, which includes the thermal management system of this application, and the energy storage system is an electrochemical energy storage system using a battery.

[0019] According to the technical solution of this application, the heating chamber can be selectively connected in series with the first fluid channel through the valve unit, thereby enabling the electric heating unit to selectively work in conjunction with the heat exchange unit as needed, achieving effective integration of the heat exchange module and realizing multiple working modes.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application, and the illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain this application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective cross-sectional view of a heat exchange module according to one embodiment of the present application, wherein the heat exchange module is in a first operating mode;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at the central shut-off valve;

[0024] Figure 3 To display Figure 1 A view of the second operating mode of the heat exchange module;

[0025] Figure 4 To display Figure 1 A view of the third operating mode of the heat exchange module;

[0026] Figure 5 To display Figure 1 A view of the fourth operating mode of the heat exchange module;

[0027] Figure 6 To display Figure 1 A view of the fifth operating mode of the heat exchange module;

[0028] Figure 7 To indicate Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the connection relationship between the heat exchange module and related components. The heat exchange module is inside the dashed box.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange module according to another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] This application provides a heat exchange module, wherein the heat exchange module includes a heat exchange unit 10, an electric heating unit 20 and a valve unit 30, the heat exchange unit 10 includes a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel, the electric heating unit 20 includes a heating chamber 21, and the valve unit 30 is configured to selectively connect the heating chamber 21 in series with the first fluid channel.

[0032] Using the heat exchange module of this application, the heating chamber 21 can be selectively connected in series with the first fluid channel via the valve unit 30. This allows the electric heating unit 20 to selectively work in conjunction with the heat exchange unit 10 as needed, achieving effective integration of the heat exchange module and enabling multiple operating modes. These multiple operating modes will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The valve unit 30 may be in an appropriate form to selectively connect the heating chamber 21 in series with the first fluid channel.

[0034] According to one embodiment of this application, the inlet of the heating chamber 21 is connected to the first fluid channel, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the valve unit 30 may include an on / off valve 30a disposed at the connection between the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel (for example, the first fluid channel and the heating chamber 21 are connected by a connecting pipe, and the on / off valve 30a may be disposed inside the connecting pipe). By opening the on / off valve 30a, the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel can be connected in series; by closing the on / off valve 30a, the fluid connection between the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel can be disconnected, thereby preventing the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel from being connected in series.

[0035] By employing the on / off valve 30a, the fluid connection between the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel can be physically disconnected when the electric heating unit 20 and the heat exchange unit 10 are not required to work together, so as to prevent the first medium in a low-temperature state from flowing through the heating chamber 21 and frosting on the periphery of the chamber.

[0036] The on / off valve 30a can be of an appropriate form, as long as it can control the opening and closing of the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel.

[0037] According to one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2As shown, the on / off valve 30a includes a valve body 31 and a valve core 32. The valve body 31 is sealed through the heating chamber 21 (for example, the upper plate and the lower plate forming the heating chamber 21 are provided with perforations, and the valve body 31 is provided with a first sealing element 33 and a second sealing element 34 that respectively seal with the perforations of the upper plate and the lower plate) and extends into the first fluid channel. The valve body 31 is provided with a sliding cavity 311 that communicates with the first fluid channel. The valve core 32 is slidably disposed in the sliding cavity. The valve body 31 is provided with a connecting hole 312 that communicates with the heating chamber 21 and the sliding cavity. The connecting hole 312 is located on the sliding path of the valve core 32. Therefore, when the on / off valve 30a is opened, the valve core 32 slides to open the connecting hole 312, and the first fluid channel is connected to the heating chamber 21 through the sliding cavity 311 and the connecting hole 312, so that the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel are connected in series; when the on / off valve 30a is closed, the valve core 32 slides to the connecting hole 312 and blocks the connecting hole 312, so that the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel are disconnected.

[0038] The first seal 33 and the second seal 34 can take appropriate forms, such as sealing rings. Furthermore, the actuation of the valve core 32 can be associated with the control of a desired operating mode. For example, the actuation of the valve core 32 (the on / off valve 30a may include a controller 35 for controlling the reciprocating actuation of the valve core 32 as needed) can be synchronized with the control of the electric heating unit 30, so that the electric heating unit 30 is turned on when the heating chamber 21 is connected in series with the first fluid channel, and turned off when the heating chamber 21 is disconnected from the first fluid channel.

[0039] The sliding cavity 311 is connected to the first fluid channel and is used to allow the valve core 32 to slide along it. That is, the sliding cavity 311 is arranged along the extension direction (i.e. the insertion direction) of the valve body 31, so that one end of the sliding cavity 311 extends into the first fluid channel and is connected to the first fluid channel.

[0040] The connecting hole 312 can be located at an appropriate position on the valve body 31. For example, as... Figure 2 As shown, the connecting hole 312 can be arranged radially along the valve body 31 to minimize its length, which facilitates installation and reduces fluid resistance. Furthermore, to increase flow rate, the valve body 31 can have multiple connecting holes 312. These multiple connecting holes 312 converge at the same axial position in the sliding cavity 311, allowing them to be simultaneously opened or closed by the movement of the valve core 32. Preferably, the multiple connecting holes 312 can be evenly distributed circumferentially along the valve body 31 to ensure uniform fluid flow.

[0041] According to another embodiment of this application, the valve unit 30 may also be disposed outside the heat exchange unit 10 and the electric heating unit 30. Specifically, as shown... Figure 8As shown, the inlet of the heating chamber 21 is connected to the outlet of the first fluid channel. The heat exchange module includes a first fluid outlet pipe connected to the outlet of the first fluid channel. The valve unit 30 includes a three-way valve 30b disposed on the first fluid outlet pipe, and the outlet of the heating chamber 21 is connected to the three-way valve 30b. Therefore, by operating the three-way valve 30b, the heat exchange module can be switched between a first state where the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel are connected in series and a second state where the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel are not connected in series. Specifically, in the first state, ports p1 and p3 of the three-way valve 30b are open, and the first medium flows into the heating chamber 21 through the outlet of the first fluid channel and into the first fluid outlet pipe through the three-way valve 30b; in the second state, ports p2 and p3 of the three-way valve 30b are open, and port p1 is closed, and the first medium flows into the first fluid outlet pipe through the outlet of the first fluid channel.

[0042] The heat exchange module can be configured with corresponding ports to enable normal operation in both connected-in-series and disconnected-in-series configurations of the heating chamber 21 and the first fluid channel. Specifically, for example... Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchange module includes a first port P1 and a second port P2 respectively located at both ends of the first fluid channel, a third port P3 and a fourth port P4 respectively located at both ends of the second fluid channel, and a fifth port P5 located at the outlet of the heating chamber 21. Each port can be controlled to open or close as needed, allowing the heat exchange module to operate in different modes. For example, when the heating chamber 21 is connected in series with the first fluid channel, the first medium can enter from one of the first port P1 and the fifth port P5 and flow through the first fluid channel, while the heating chamber 21 flows out from the other of the first port P1 and the fifth port P5. When the heating chamber 21 is disconnected from the first fluid channel, the first medium can flow into the first fluid channel from the first port P1 and flow out from the second port P2. The second medium can flow into the second fluid channel from one of the third port P3 and the fourth port P4 and flow out from the other, to exchange heat with the first medium in the first fluid channel. It is understood that in the heat exchange unit 10, the flow directions of the first medium and the second medium are opposite.

[0043] In this application, the electric heating unit 20 can take an appropriate form. To simplify the structure for integration, preferably, the electric heating unit 20 is plate-shaped, with the fifth port P5 and the heat exchange unit 10 respectively disposed on both sides of the plate-shaped electric heating unit 20 in the thickness direction. Additionally, the first port P1, second port P2, third port P3, and fourth port P4 can be disposed in appropriate positions as needed, for example, on the side of the heat exchange unit 10 opposite to the electric heating unit 20, to facilitate connection to external components.

[0044] In this application, the electric heating unit 20 includes a heating element. Since the heating cavity 21 has a larger usable area away from the bottom of the heat exchange unit 10, the heating element can be disposed on the outer surface of the heating cavity 21 away from the bottom of the heat exchange unit 10. The heating element can take a suitable form, for example, it may include a resistance wire, a heating tube, a PTC ceramic element, or a film heating element. Preferably, the heating element is a film heating element, which ensures that it does not detach from the shell or separate from the layers within the operating temperature range of 200°C to 250°C.

[0045] The heating element can be a thin-film or thick-film heating element. When a thin-film heating element is used, the shell material of the heating cavity 21 can be aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the thin-film heating element can be manufactured by thermal spraying. When a thick-film heating element is used, the shell material of the heating cavity 21 can be stainless steel, and the thick-film heating element can be manufactured by screen printing / sintering. Preferably, the heating element 22 is a thin-film heating element, so that the thermal resistance of the resistive heating layer in the thin-film heating element transferred to the first medium through the shell is smaller, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency.

[0046] Preferably, the heating chamber 21 is equipped with a temperature monitoring unit, and the controller of the electric heating unit 20 is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring unit to control the electric heating unit 20 based on feedback from the monitoring unit. The temperature monitoring unit may include a temperature sensor located at at least one of the inlet, middle, and outlet of the heating chamber 21, allowing the controller to perform corresponding control. Specifically, for example, by monitoring the inlet temperature of the heating chamber 21, the switching on and off of the electric heating unit 20 can be controlled based on this inlet temperature (e.g., the difference between the inlet temperature and the ambient temperature); by monitoring the temperature gradient in the middle of the heating chamber 21, it can be determined whether the fluid medium flows smoothly within the heating chamber 21 and whether dry burning occurs within the heating chamber 21, so that the electric heating unit 20 can be stopped when dry burning occurs; by monitoring the outlet temperature of the heating chamber 21, the heating power of the electric heating unit 20 can be reduced or the electric heating unit 20 can be stopped when the outlet temperature of the fluid medium reaches a predetermined value.

[0047] The flow channels of the electric heating unit 20 and the heat exchange unit 10 (i.e., the flow channels of the heating cavity 21, the first fluid channel, and the second fluid channel) can take various suitable forms. For example, the flow channels of the heating cavity 21 can be arranged in a U-shape, a zigzag shape, longitudinally, laterally, or serpentinely. Preferably, the flow channels of the electric heating unit 20 and / or the heat exchange unit 10 are configured to facilitate switching the fluid flow direction; that is, the inlet and outlet of the flow channels can be interchanged to switch the operating mode. For example, heat dissipation fins can be provided in the cavity of the electric heating unit 20 and / or the heat exchange unit 10, with the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation fins being the same at all points along the medium flow direction, so that the flow resistance remains unchanged when the medium flows in reverse.

[0048] The heat exchange unit 10 can take an appropriate form. Specifically, the heat exchange unit 10 includes heat exchange plates, which can be corrugated or flat to form the required flow channel design. When using flat heat exchange plates, heat dissipation fins can be inserted between the heat exchange plates to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the flow channel and increase the turbulence intensity of the fluid medium. Preferably, the heat dissipation fins have the same cross-sectional area along the flow direction of the medium so that the flow resistance of the heat exchanger remains unchanged when the medium flows in the opposite direction.

[0049] The different operating modes of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The heat exchange module can be installed in a thermal management system with refrigeration / heating equipment, which may include a compressor, condenser, water pump, etc., to enable the thermal management system to circulate a first medium and a second medium. The first medium can be a coolant, and the second medium can be a refrigerant. The second port P2 is configured to be open or closed as needed; for example, a valve can be installed at the second port P2 or on the pipes connected to it. Figure 7 In this implementation, the second port P2 can be controlled by valve 40. Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the second port P2 can be controlled by the three-way valve 30b.

[0050] The first working mode is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, the arrows indicate the coolant flow path. This mode is the cooling mode. The heat exchange unit 10 is equivalent to the evaporator. In this mode, the compressor works, the electric heating unit 20 does not work, the valve unit 30 is closed, and the coolant (first medium) flows into the first fluid channel from the first port P1 and flows out through the second port P2. It exchanges heat with the refrigerant (second medium) in the second fluid channel in the heat exchange unit 10 (in this mode, the third port P3 is the refrigerant inlet, and the fourth port P4 is the refrigerant outlet). The refrigerant is heated, the coolant temperature decreases, and it flows out from the second port P2 for use in devices that require heat dissipation or cooling (e.g., for battery module heat dissipation or passenger compartment cooling in a vehicle thermal management system).

[0051] The second working mode is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the arrows indicate the coolant flow path. This mode is the independent heating mode of the electric heating unit 20. In this mode, the compressor does not work, the valve unit 30 is open, the second port P2 is closed, and the coolant flows from the first port P1 into the first fluid channel and enters the heating chamber 21 to be heated by the heating element 22 of the electric heating unit 20. The heated coolant flows out through the fifth port P5 and is used for devices that require heating (e.g., for heating the battery module or passenger compartment in a vehicle thermal management system).

[0052] The third working mode is as follows Figure 4As shown in the diagram, the arrows indicate the coolant flow path. This mode is the heat pump heating mode, and the heat exchange unit 10 is equivalent to a condenser. In this mode, the compressor operates, the electric heating unit 20 does not operate, the valve unit 30 is closed, and the coolant flows into the first fluid channel from the first port P1 and flows out through the second port P2. In the heat exchange unit 10, it exchanges heat with the refrigerant (second medium) in the second fluid channel. The refrigerant is cooled, the coolant temperature rises, and it flows out from the second port P2 for use in devices that require heating (e.g., for battery module cooling or passenger compartment heating in a vehicle thermal management system).

[0053] The fourth working mode is as follows Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, the arrows indicate the coolant flow path. This mode is a combined heating mode, where the heat exchange unit 10 is equivalent to a condenser. In this mode, the compressor and the electric heating unit 20 work simultaneously, the valve unit 30 is opened, and the coolant flows from the first port P1 into the first fluid channel, where it exchanges heat with the refrigerant (second medium) in the second fluid channel. The refrigerant is cooled, its temperature rises, and it enters the heating chamber 21 for further heating. Finally, it flows out from the fifth outlet P5 for use in devices requiring heating (e.g., for battery modules or passenger compartment heating in a vehicle thermal management system).

[0054] The fifth working mode is as follows Figure 6 As shown in the diagram, the arrows indicate the coolant flow path. This mode is the electric heating assisted heat pump heating mode. The heat exchange unit 10 is equivalent to an evaporator. The flow direction of the refrigerant in the second fluid channel is opposite to that in the first working mode, that is, the fourth port P4 is the refrigerant inlet and the third port P3 is the refrigerant outlet. This mode is suitable for low-temperature environments, especially in the ambient temperature range of -25℃ to 0℃. In such low-temperature environments, the coolant temperature is low due to the influence of the ambient temperature. When directly exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the heat exchange unit 10, the refrigerant cannot obtain enough heat from the coolant. In this mode, the compressor and the electric heating unit 20 work simultaneously, the valve unit 30 is opened, and the coolant flows into the heating chamber 21 from the fifth port P5 and is heated by the electric heating unit 20 to increase the temperature difference between the coolant and the refrigerant. The heated coolant enters the first fluid channel and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat exchange unit 10. The coolant flows out from the first port P1. The refrigerant after heat exchange can be used for devices that need heating, i.e., refrigerant direct heating mode (e.g., using the refrigerant directly for heating the battery module in the vehicle thermal management system); or, an auxiliary electric heating mode can be used, for example, the refrigerant after heat exchange is used for the heating cycle of the heat pump air conditioner, and then exchanges heat with other media such as coolant through another heat exchange unit and provides heat to the devices that need heating through the coolant.

[0055] In this application, the first medium can be a suitable heat transfer medium, such as a 50% ethylene glycol solution, commonly known as antifreeze, and the second medium can be a suitable refrigerant, such as R134a, R410a, R1234yf, and CO2. The heat exchange module of this application can be used in suitable applications, such as in the thermal management system of a vehicle or in the thermal management system of an energy storage system.

[0056] According to another aspect of this application, a thermal management system is provided, wherein the thermal management system includes the heat exchange module of this application.

[0057] This application also provides an electric vehicle that includes the thermal management system of this application, wherein the electric vehicle is a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle.

[0058] This application also provides an energy storage system, which includes the thermal management system of this application, and the energy storage system is an electrochemical energy storage system using a battery.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. However, this application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of this application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0060] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0061] Furthermore, various different implementations of this application can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this application, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A heat exchange module, characterized in that, The heat exchange module includes a heat exchange unit (10), an electric heating unit (20), and a valve unit (30). The heat exchange unit (10) includes a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel. The electric heating unit (20) includes a heating chamber (21). The valve unit (30) is configured to selectively connect the heating chamber (21) in series with the first fluid channel. The heat exchange module includes a first port P1 and a second port P2 respectively located at both ends of the first fluid channel, a third port P3 and a fourth port P4 respectively located at both ends of the second fluid channel, and a fifth port P5 located at the outlet of the heating chamber (21). The electric heating unit (10) includes a heat exchange unit (10), an electric heating unit (20), and a valve unit (30). 20) is plate-shaped, and the fifth port P5 and the heat exchange unit (10) are respectively disposed on both sides of the thickness direction of the plate-shaped electric heating unit (20); the electric heating unit (20) includes a heating element, wherein: the heating element is disposed on the bottom outer surface of the heating cavity (21) away from the heat exchange unit (10), and / or, the heating element includes one of resistance wire, electric heating tube, PTC ceramic element and film heating element; the heating cavity (21) is provided with a temperature monitoring unit, and the controller of the electric heating unit (20) is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring unit to control the electric heating unit (20) according to the feedback of the temperature monitoring unit.

2. The heat exchange module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the heating chamber (21) is connected to the first fluid channel, and the valve unit (30) includes an on / off valve (30a) disposed at the connection between the heating chamber (21) and the first fluid channel.

3. The heat exchange module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The on / off valve (30a) includes a valve body (31) and a valve core (32). The valve body (31) is sealed through the heating chamber (21) and extends into the first fluid channel. The valve body (31) is provided with a sliding chamber (311) that communicates with the first fluid channel. The valve core (32) is slidably disposed in the sliding chamber. The valve body (31) is provided with a connecting hole (312) that communicates with the heating chamber (21) and the sliding chamber. The connecting hole (312) is located on the sliding path of the valve core (32).

4. The heat exchange module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting hole (312) is arranged radially along the valve body (31), and / or the valve body (31) is provided with a plurality of the connecting holes (312).

5. The heat exchange module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the heating chamber (21) is connected to the outlet of the first fluid channel. The heat exchange module includes a first fluid outlet pipeline connected to the outlet of the first fluid channel. The valve unit (30) includes a three-way valve (30b) disposed on the first fluid outlet pipeline. The outlet of the heating chamber (21) is connected to the three-way valve (30b).

6. The heat exchange module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The flow channels of the electric heating unit (20) and / or the heat exchange unit (10) are configured to switch the direction of fluid flow.

7. A thermal management system, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes the heat exchange module as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. An electric vehicle comprising the thermal management system of claim 7, wherein the electric vehicle is a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle.

9. An energy storage system comprising the thermal management system of claim 7, wherein the energy storage system is an electrochemical energy storage system employing a battery.

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