A continuously variable transmission capable of self-adaptive adjustment

Abstract

The application relates to a stepless speed change device capable of self-adaptive adjustment, comprising a transmission belt and two speed change wheel groups, wherein the speed change wheel group comprises a rotating wheel, a positioning disc, a wheel shaft, an elastic structure and a combined variable-diameter transmission wheel composed of N transmission pieces; the rotating wheel is fixed in the circumferential direction of the wheel shaft, and the end surface of the rotating wheel is provided with N first strip-shaped grooves; the positioning disc is rotatably installed on the wheel shaft, and the end surface of the positioning disc is provided with N second strip-shaped grooves; the second strip-shaped grooves and the first strip-shaped grooves one-to-one correspond to form N positioning groove groups; the transmission piece is provided with a transmission part and a limiting rod; the limiting rods of the N transmission pieces are respectively located in the first strip-shaped grooves and the second strip-shaped grooves of the N positioning groove groups, and can slide in the first strip-shaped grooves and the second strip-shaped grooves; the limiting rod cannot rotate or can only rotate an alpha angle in the first strip-shaped groove; and the elastic structure can drive the N transmission pieces to move to the outer edge of the rotating wheel; the transmission belt is sleeved with the two combined variable-diameter transmission wheels at two ends respectively, and the transmission belt is in friction or meshing transmission with the transmission part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transmission technology, and more specifically to a continuously variable transmission (CVT) capable of adaptive adjustment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the internationally accepted transmissions include manual transmissions, dual-clutch automatic transmissions, automatic transmissions (AT), and continuously variable transmissions (CVT). The difference between a CVT and a stepped transmission is that its gear ratios are not discontinuous points, but a series of continuous values, thus achieving good fuel economy, power, and driving smoothness.

[0003] Traditional CVT transmissions use two tapered pulleys with variable angles to drive a steel belt for transmission and gear shifting. The existing design has the following problems: (1) It requires active adjustment of the gear ratio, making it difficult to adaptively adjust the gear ratio according to input and load conditions; (2) The service life is affected by the tapered pulleys and the steel belt. Because the transmission relies on the friction between the tapered pulleys and the steel belt, on the one hand, friction transmission will cause wear, and on the other hand, even if there is no slippage between the tapered pulleys and the steel belt during transmission, there will be relative slippage during gear shifting, which will cause wear and thus affect the service life of the CVT. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a continuously variable transmission device that can adaptively adjust the transmission ratio according to the input and load conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an adaptive continuously variable transmission (CVT) device, comprising a transmission belt and two gear sets. Each gear set includes a rotating wheel, a positioning disc, a wheel axle, an elastic structure, and a combined variable-diameter transmission wheel composed of N transmission components, wherein N is greater than or equal to 4. The rotating wheel is circumferentially fixedly mounted on the wheel axle. The end face of the rotating wheel has N first strip-shaped grooves extending from the center to the edge, and the N first strip-shaped grooves are arranged in an array along the circumference of the rotating wheel. The positioning disc is rotatably mounted on the wheel axle. The end face of the positioning disc has N second strip-shaped grooves extending from the center to the edge, and the N second strip-shaped grooves are arranged in an array along the circumference of the positioning disc. The N second strip-shaped grooves correspond one-to-one with the N first strip-shaped grooves to form N gear sets. The positioning groove group has a second strip groove that intersects with the first strip groove when viewed from the end face of the rotating wheel. The transmission component has an arc-shaped transmission part and a limit rod is fixedly connected to it. The limit rods of N transmission components are respectively located in the first and second strip grooves of the N positioning groove group. The limit rods can slide freely in the first and second strip grooves, and the limit rods cannot rotate or can only rotate by an angle α in the first strip groove. The elastic structure can provide elastic force to act directly or indirectly on the N transmission components and drive the transmission components to move along the first strip groove towards the periphery of the rotating wheel. The two ends of the transmission belt are respectively fitted with a combination variable diameter transmission wheel of two variable speed wheel groups, and the transmission belt and the transmission part are driven by friction or meshing.

[0006] Furthermore, the transmission belt engages with the transmission part for transmission, the transmission part has multiple transmission teeth, and the central angle between adjacent transmission teeth is β. The limiting rod can rotate by an angle α in the first strip groove, and α = 2β.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission component is a synchronous pulley, and the rotation center of the limiting rod is located at the axis of the synchronous pulley, and the transmission belt is a synchronous belt.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission component is fan-shaped, the transmission part is located at the arc edge of the fan shape, and the first strip groove is a straight groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the section of the limiting rod located in the first strip groove is a limiting section. The outer wall of the limiting section is provided with two arc-shaped contact surfaces that abut against the two side walls of the first strip groove, and two limiting surfaces. The two arc-shaped contact surfaces are symmetrical about the rotation center of the limiting rod. When the limiting rod rotates relative to the first strip groove, the two limiting surfaces can be distributed to abut against the two side walls of the first strip groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the first strip groove is arc-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic structure of the gear train includes N tension springs that are respectively connected to N rotating wheels. One end of each tension spring is connected to a limiting rod, and the other end is connected to the edge of the rotating wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, the gear set includes two rotating wheels, and the transmission component is located between the two rotating wheels. The rotating wheels are axially movable on the wheel axle. The inner end face of the rotating wheel facing the transmission component is a convex conical surface. The first strip groove is provided on the conical surface. The elastic structure applies an elastic force to the two rotating wheels to drive them closer together. When the two rotating wheels are close together, they will drive the limiting rod to move along the conical surface around the rotating wheels.

[0013] Furthermore, the first strip extends along a straight line, the transmission component is fan-shaped, and the transmission part is located at the arc edge of the fan shape.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an active adjustment mechanism that can drive two rotating wheels in a gearbox to move synchronously toward each other or apart.

[0015] As described above, the continuously variable transmission (CVT) device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] By setting up a transmission belt and two variable-diameter pulley sets, the pulley sets are connected to the transmission belt through variable-diameter combined variable-diameter transmission pulleys. The working radius of the combined variable-diameter transmission pulleys is determined by the elastic structure and the pressure of the transmission belt. During operation, one pulley set acts as the driving pulley, and the other as the driven pulley, receiving the load. In the initial state, under the action of the elastic force of the elastic structure in the two pulley sets and the force of the transmission belt on the two combined variable-diameter transmission pulleys, a balance is reached. The rotating pulley of the driving pulley set rotates, driving the combined variable-diameter transmission pulley of the right-side pulley set to rotate, which in turn drives the axle to rotate and output torque. At the beginning of rotation, the working radius R1 of the combined variable-diameter transmission pulley of the driving pulley set decreases, while the working radius R2 of the driven combined variable-diameter transmission pulley increases, thus the gear ratio gradually changes. As the speed of the right-side pulley set increases, the resistance decreases, R1 increases while R2 decreases, eventually reaching a new balance and obtaining a stable gear ratio. The continuously variable transmission device of the present invention adaptively adjusts the transmission ratio according to the input and load conditions, making it flexible and convenient to use. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of the continuously variable transmission device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gear train in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the gear train in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the transmission component on the rotating wheel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the limiting rod in the first strip groove in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the transmission component on the positioning disc in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing transmission between the transmission component and the transmission belt in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the continuously variable transmission (CVT) device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the continuously variable transmission device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third embodiment of the continuously variable transmission device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the gear train in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating wheel on one side of the conical surface in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a side view of the rotating wheel in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning disk in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 16 This is a side view of two positioning disks in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the transmission component on the rotating wheel in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 19 for Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the shape of the limiting section from the perspective indicated by arrow B.

[0036] Figure 20 for Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the shape of the limiting section from the perspective indicated by arrow A in the middle.

[0037] Explanation of icon numbers

[0038] 1. Rotating wheel

[0039] 11 First groove

[0040] 12 Conical Surface

[0041] 2. Positioning disc

[0042] 21 Second groove

[0043] 22 Connecting rod

[0044] 3-wheel axle

[0045] 31 shoulder

[0046] 4. Transmission components

[0047] 41 Limit rod

[0048] 42 Transmission Unit

[0049] 43 Limiting section

[0050] 431 Arc-shaped contact surface

[0051] 432 Limiting surface

[0052] 5. Drive belt

[0053] 6. Compression Spring Detailed Implementation

[0054] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0055] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings of this specification are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0056] See Figures 1 to 20 This invention provides an adaptive continuously variable transmission device, comprising a transmission belt 5 and two gear sets. Each gear set includes a rotating wheel 1, a positioning disc 2, a wheel axle 3, an elastic structure, and a combined variable-diameter transmission wheel composed of N transmission components 4, where N is greater than or equal to 4. The rotating wheel 1 is circumferentially fixed to the wheel axle 3. The end face of the rotating wheel 1 has N first strip-shaped grooves 11 extending from the center to the edge, and these N first strip-shaped grooves 11 are arranged in an array along the circumference of the rotating wheel 1. The positioning disc 2 is rotatably mounted on the wheel axle 3. The end face of the positioning disc 2 has N second strip-shaped grooves 21 extending from the center to the edge, and these N second strip-shaped grooves 21 are arranged in an array along the circumference of the positioning disc 2. The N second strip-shaped grooves 21 correspond one-to-one with the N first strip-shaped grooves 11 to form N positioning groove groups. The second strip-shaped groove in each positioning groove group is visible from the end face of the rotating wheel 1. The shaped groove 21 intersects with the first strip groove 11. The transmission component 4 is provided with an arc-shaped transmission part 42, and a limiting rod 41 is fixedly connected to the transmission component 4. The limiting rods 41 of the N transmission components 4 are respectively located in the first strip groove 11 and the second strip groove 21 of the N positioning groove groups. That is, the limiting rod 41 is exactly located at the intersection of the first strip groove 11 and the second strip groove 21. The limiting rod 41 can slide freely in the first strip groove 11 and the second strip groove 21. The limiting rod 41 cannot rotate or can only rotate by an angle α in the first strip groove 11. The elastic structure can provide elastic force to act directly or indirectly on the N transmission components and drive the transmission components to move along the first strip groove toward the periphery of the rotating wheel. The two ends of the transmission belt 5 are respectively fitted with the combined variable diameter transmission wheel of the two variable speed wheel groups, and the transmission belt 5 and the transmission part 42 are subjected to friction transmission or meshing transmission.

[0057] The main working principle of the continuously variable transmission (CVT) device involved in this invention is as follows:

[0058] In each gear train, the radial position of the transmission component 4 at the rotating wheel 1 can be determined by the first groove 11 of the rotating wheel 1 and the second groove 21 on the positioning disk 2, which also determines the distance from the transmission component 4 to the wheel axle 3. N transmission components 4 are located on the same circle. Since the positioning disk 2 can rotate freely relative to the rotating wheel 1, when the position of one transmission component 4 changes, the intersection position of the first groove 11 and the second groove 21 changes, thus ensuring that the N transmission components 4 always remain on the same circle. The combined variable-diameter transmission wheel composed of N transmission components 4 resembles a polygonal wheel. When the rotating wheel 1 on the transmission component 4 rotates, it can drive the combined variable-diameter transmission wheel to rotate as a whole around the wheel axle 3. The two ends of the transmission belt 5 are respectively fitted onto the combined variable-diameter transmission wheels of the two gear trains. The transmission belt 5 contacts the transmission part 42 of some of the transmission components 4 in the combined variable-diameter transmission wheel. The radius R of the circle where the contact part is located is denoted as the working radius of the combined variable-diameter transmission wheel. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 Because the limiting rod 41 is set in the first slot 11 to be unable to rotate or only able to rotate by an angle α, that is, unable to rotate freely, the combined variable diameter transmission wheel will rotate as a whole with the rotation of the wheel axle 3, and can drive the transmission belt 5 to move. The transmission belt drives another combined variable diameter transmission wheel to rotate. The limiting rod 41 can slide freely in the first slot 11 and the second slot 21, while the N transmission components 4 always remain on the same circle. Therefore, when the distance between the transmission component 4 and the wheel axle 3 is adjusted, the working radius R of the combined variable diameter transmission wheel changes.

[0059] When at work, see Figure 8 The left-hand gearbox is used as the driving gear, and the right-hand gearbox as the driven gear, with the load connected via axle 3. Each gearbox's combined variable-diameter transmission wheel is subjected to the expansion force from the elastic structure and the contraction force from the transmission belt 5. Initially, under the action of the elastic force of the two gearboxes' elastic structures and the force of the transmission belt 5 on the two combined variable-diameter transmission wheels, an equilibrium state is reached. Figure 8In the example shown, initially, the working radii R1 of the combined variable diameter drive wheel in the left gearbox and R2 of the combined variable diameter drive wheel in the right gearbox can be set according to specific circumstances, and the ratio of R1 to R2 determines the gear ratio. When the axle 3 and rotating wheel 1 of the left gearbox begin to rotate, they drive the combined variable diameter drive wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the combined variable diameter drive wheel of the right gearbox to rotate via the transmission belt 5. This, in turn, drives the axle 3 to rotate and output torque. Due to the large load resistance, the constraint force of the transmission belt 5 on the combined variable diameter drive wheel on the left increases. Under the action of the transmission belt 5, the transmission component 4 of the left gearbox will move towards the center, that is, the working radius R1 of the combined variable diameter drive wheel will decrease. At the same time, the pressure on the transmission component 4 of the right gearbox from the transmission belt 5 decreases. Under the elastic pulling action of the elastic structure and the rotation action, the working radius R2 of the combined variable diameter drive wheel on the right, which is the passive wheel, will increase. Therefore, the gear ratio gradually changes. As the speed of the right-side gearbox increases, the resistance decreases, and the constraint force of the transmission belt 5 on the left-side combined variable diameter drive pulleys decreases. The working radius R1 of the left-side combined variable diameter drive pulleys increases, while the working radius R2 of the right-side combined variable diameter drive pulleys decreases, eventually reaching a new equilibrium. The right-side gearbox then reaches a stable speed. See [link to documentation] for the operational change process. Figure 8 A stable gear ratio is obtained, at which point the magnitude of the gear ratio is determined by the input and load conditions and can be flexibly adjusted. The continuously variable transmission (CVT) device of the present invention adaptively adjusts the gear ratio according to the input and load conditions, making it flexible and convenient to use.

[0060] See Figures 1 to 20 The present invention will be further described below with reference to several preferred embodiments:

[0061] Example 1:

[0062] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As a preferred design, the transmission belt 5 and the transmission part 42 of the transmission component 4 are meshed transmissions. The transmission part 42 has multiple transmission teeth, and the central angle between adjacent transmission teeth is β. The transmission component 4 preferably uses a synchronous pulley, and the transmission belt 5 is a synchronous belt, which has a better transmission effect, can transmit power well, and reduce the occurrence of tooth jamming problems.

[0063] In this embodiment, since the transmission belt 5 and the transmission component 4 employ meshing transmission, during the rotation of the combined variable diameter transmission wheel, to ensure that the transmission teeth on the transmission component 4 can properly engage with the teeth of the transmission belt 5, the limiting rod 41 can rotate an angle α in the first slot 11, where α = 2β. The rotation center of the limiting rod 41 is located at the axis of the synchronous pulley. In this way, during the rotation of the combined variable diameter transmission wheel, the transmission component 4 can automatically adjust its position within an angle α during contact with the synchronous belt, ensuring that at least one transmission tooth can always be inserted into the synchronous belt to receive force and transmit it to the synchronous belt. This ensures that the combined variable diameter transmission wheel smoothly drives the synchronous belt, reducing jamming problems. Preferably, the transmission teeth on the transmission component 4 are round-headed teeth. Of course, in other embodiments, the transmission component 4 can also be a sprocket, with the same working principle.

[0064] In this embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The section of the limiting rod 41 located in the first strip groove 11 is the limiting section 43. The limiting section 43, in conjunction with the first strip groove 11, enables the limiting rod 41 to slide freely and rotate within the first strip groove 11. Specifically, the outer wall of the limiting section 43 has two arc-shaped contact surfaces 431 that abut against the side walls of the first strip groove 11, and at least two limiting surfaces 432. The two limiting surfaces 432 can be connected to the two arc-shaped contact surfaces 431 respectively. The two arc-shaped contact surfaces 431 are symmetrical about the rotation center of the limiting rod 41. Preferably, the cross-section of the limiting section is approximately rhomboid, with all four sides being limiting surfaces 432. The two arc-shaped contact surfaces 431 are located at two opposite corners of the rhomboid, and the center of the rhomboid is the rotation center of the limiting rod 41. When the limiting rod 41 rotates relative to the first strip groove 11, the two arc-shaped contact surfaces 431 are always in contact with the side of the first strip groove 11, ensuring smooth rotation. During rotation, the limiting surfaces 432 on both sides abut against the side walls of the first strip groove 11, limiting the rotation range of the limiting rod 41 to an angle α. The limiting rod 41 automatically slides within the first strip groove 11 via the arc-shaped contact surface 431. Of course, the specific structural shape of the limiting section 43 is not limited to the above form and can also be other structural shapes. See also... Figure 6 The section of the limiting rod 41 located in the second strip groove 21 has a cross-section centered on a circle, and its diameter is equal to the width of the second strip groove 21, allowing it to rotate and slide smoothly.

[0065] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6As a preferred design, the first slot 11 is arc-shaped, extending along an arc path. The second slot 21 is also arc-shaped, with the same radius as the first slot 11. The size can be set according to specific circumstances. Viewed from one end face, the first slot 11 and the second slot 21 bend in opposite directions and intersect at a point. This ensures the intersection of the first slot 11 and the second slot 21 is close to 90°, reducing the likelihood of jamming when the limiting rod 41 moves within it. Furthermore, the arc-shaped structure allows the side of the first slot 11 near the inner arc to apply a supporting force to the limiting rod 41 on the transmission component 4 during rotation, enabling the limiting rod 41 to move more effectively towards the periphery and thus better adjust the position of the transmission component 4. Of course, in other embodiments, the first strip groove 11 and the second strip groove 21 may also be straight grooves (i.e., extending along a straight line) or other shapes, requiring a smooth transition to ensure that the limiting rod 41 can slide smoothly in the first strip groove 11 and the second strip groove 21. When the first strip groove 11 and the second strip groove 21 are straight grooves, they are inclined radially.

[0066] In this embodiment, preferably, the elastic structure of the gear train can be achieved by N tension springs acting on N transmission components 4 (not shown in the figure). Specifically, one end of the tension spring is connected to the limiting rod 41 and the other end is connected to the edge of the rotating wheel 1. The applied elastic force can pull the limiting rod 41 to move outward along the first strip groove 11.

[0067] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 As a preferred design, the gearbox includes two rotating wheels 1 and two positioning discs 2, with the two positioning discs 2 located between the two rotating wheels 1. The transmission component 4 is located between the two positioning discs 2, and both sides of the transmission component 4 have limiting rods 41. The limiting rods 41 are located in the first groove 11 of the two rotating wheels 1 and the second groove 21 of the two positioning discs 2. The transmission component 4 is installed more stably, and the overall stability of the gearbox is improved.

[0068] The number N of transmission components 4 in this invention can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, see [reference needed]. Figure 1 The number of transmission components 4, N, is 6. During operation, four transmission components 4 will be connected to the transmission belt 5, which takes into account both the need for cooperation with the transmission belt 5 and the structural layout requirements. When the transmission components 4 are close to the wheel axle 3, interference problems are less likely to occur.

[0069] Example 2:

[0070] See Figure 9 and Figure 10In this embodiment, a different transmission component 4 is used compared to the embodiment described above, while the rest remains the same. In this embodiment, the transmission component 4 is fan-shaped, with the transmission part 42 located at the arc edge of the fan shape. Specifically, a fan-shaped portion can be cut from a synchronous pulley, and preferably, a portion is also cut away on the side of the fan shape near the center to form an inner arc side. The first groove 11 is a straight groove. The number of transmission teeth on the transmission component 4 can be set appropriately according to actual needs. Compared to a completely circular synchronous pulley, using a fan-shaped transmission component 4 allows for more teeth while maintaining a similar overall size. Furthermore, when close to the axle 3, the N transmission components 4 can be positioned more compactly, meaning the working radius R can be smaller.

[0071] In this embodiment, the rotation center of the limiting rod 41 on the transmission component 4 does not need to be set at the center of the sector. It can be set at a suitable position on the symmetrical center line of the sector end face. The limiting rod 41 also limits the cooperation between the limiting section 43 and the first strip groove 11 to realize the automatic sliding and limiting rotation of the limiting rod 41 in the first strip groove 11. See Figure 10 The structure and principle of the limiting section 43 are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1. Its outer wall also has two arc-shaped contact surfaces 431 that abut against the side walls of the first strip groove 11, and at least two limiting surfaces 432, which will not be described in detail here. The limiting rod 41 can rotate within an angle α in the first strip groove 11 through the limiting section 43. Because the number of transmission teeth on the fan-shaped transmission member 4 is relatively large, that is, the central angle β of adjacent transmission teeth is small, the transmission member 4 can automatically adjust its position by rotating at an angle α during contact with the synchronous belt. This ensures that at least one transmission tooth can always be inserted into the synchronous belt to receive force and transmit the force to the synchronous belt, thereby ensuring that the combined variable diameter transmission wheel smoothly drives the synchronous belt.

[0072] Example 3:

[0073] See Figures 11 to 20The diagram below illustrates the structure of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the gear train includes two rotating wheels 1, and the transmission component 4 is located between the two rotating wheels 1. The rotating wheels 1 rotate synchronously with the wheel axle 3 and can move axially on the wheel axle 3. Specifically, the rotating wheels 1 and the wheel axle 3 can be connected by a keyway. The inner end face of the rotating wheel 1 facing the transmission component 4 is a convex conical surface 12. The first strip groove 11 is provided on the conical surface 12, that is, the first strip groove 11 has an inclination angle with respect to the wheel axle 3. The two ends of the limiting rod 41 are respectively located in the first strip groove 11 of the two rotating wheels 1 and are in smooth contact with the bottom of the groove. The elastic structure applies a spring force to the two rotating wheels 1 to drive them closer. At this time, under the action of the spring force, the bottom of the first strip groove 11 applies a support force perpendicular to the conical surface 12 to the limiting rod 41. Therefore, when the two rotating wheels 1 are close together, under the action of the support force, the limiting rod 41 can be driven to move along the conical surface 12 towards the periphery of the rotating wheel 1. In other words, the spring force of the elastic structure indirectly drives the limiting rod 41 to move along the conical surface 12 towards the periphery of the rotating wheel 1 through the conical surface 12 of the rotating wheel 1. Therefore, the elastic structure applies an expansion force to the combined variable diameter transmission wheel through the conical surface 12 of the rotating wheel 1, which increases its working radius R, while the conveyor belt applies a contraction force to the combined variable diameter transmission wheel, which decreases its working radius R. When the rotating wheel 1 moves along the wheel axle 3, the working radius R of the combined variable diameter transmission wheel changes.

[0074] In this embodiment, see Figure 13 and Figure 14 The first groove 11 on the rotating wheel 1 is a straight groove extending along a straight line. Viewed axially from the rotating wheel 1, the first groove 11 is located radially on the rotating wheel 1. The limiting rod 41 slides linearly within the first groove 11 and can rotate by an angle α, where α = 2β. Specifically, see... Figure 12 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 The portion of the limiting rod 41 located in the first strip groove 11 is the limiting portion 43. The limiting portion 43 cooperates with the first strip groove 11 to enable the limiting rod 41 to slide freely and rotate relative to the first strip groove 11. The limiting portion 43 is roughly rhomboid in shape when viewed from the B direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the first strip groove 11. Its structure is the same as that in Embodiment 2. Specifically, the outer wall of the limiting portion 43 is also provided with two arc abutment surfaces 431 that abut against the two side walls of the first strip groove 11 respectively, and at least two limiting surfaces 432. The two limiting surfaces 432 can be connected to the two arc abutment surfaces 431 respectively. The two arc abutment surfaces 431 are symmetrical about the rotation center of the limiting rod 41.

[0075] In this embodiment, see Figure 18 and Figure 20Looking along the length of the first groove 11 from direction A, the cross-sectional shape of the limiting section 43 is T-shaped. Correspondingly, the cross-sectional shape of the first groove 11 is also T-shaped and is adapted to the limiting section 43. The T-shaped limiting section 43 is fitted into the T-shaped first groove 11, and there will be no problem of it coming off the first groove 11 during the sliding process.

[0076] In this embodiment, see [reference needed]. Figure 17 The transmission component 4 is also fan-shaped, with the transmission part 42 located at the arc edge of the fan shape. The limiting rod 41 can be located at an appropriate position on the end face of the fan shape. Its structure and working principle are the same as those in Embodiment 2, and will not be described again here.

[0077] In this embodiment, see Figure 12 The elastic structure in the gearbox includes two compression springs 6, which are sleeved on the axle 3 and distributed on the outer sides of the two rotating wheels 1. One end of the compression spring 6 abuts against the shoulder 31 on the axle 3, and the other end abuts against the outer end face of the rotating wheel 1. The compression spring 6 applies an inward elastic force along the axis to the rotating wheel 1. The two compression springs 6 have the same structure and the same elastic force, ensuring that the transmission component 4 of the gearbox is always in the middle position during operation and will not move axially.

[0078] In this embodiment, see Figure 15 and Figure 16 The second slot 21 on the positioning disc 2 is arc-shaped, which facilitates its cooperation with the first slot 11 to define the position of the transmission component 4. In this embodiment, the gear train includes two positioning discs 2, which are fixed together by a connecting rod 22, and the second slots 21 on them are completely aligned to form a whole. See [reference needed]. Figure 12 The transmission component 4 is located between the two positioning discs 22, and the limiting post passes through the second groove, allowing it to slide freely within the groove. This design makes the transmission component 44 more stable to install and improves the overall stability of the gear train.

[0079] In this embodiment, preferably, the continuously variable transmission (CVT) further includes an active adjustment mechanism (not shown in the figures). This active adjustment mechanism drives two rotating wheels 1 in a gearbox to move synchronously towards or away from each other. The transmission component 4 in the gearbox remains in the intermediate position without axial movement. Specifically, the active adjustment mechanism can employ various existing suitable structures, such as two synchronously telescopic cylinders, detachably connected to the two rotating wheels 1 respectively. When the active adjustment mechanism is not used, it can be disconnected from the two rotating wheels 1. In this case, the CVT is an adaptive CVT that automatically adjusts according to input and load. After connecting the active adjustment mechanism to the two rotating wheels 1 in the gearbox (which acts as the driving wheel), by actively driving the two rotating wheels 1 to move synchronously towards or away from each other, the working radius R1 of the combined variable diameter transmission wheel changes. The working radius R2 of the other combined variable diameter transmission wheel changes accordingly, thereby actively adjusting to the desired gear ratio.

[0080] In other embodiments of the present invention, the transmission belt 5 and the transmission part 42 of the transmission member 4 can also be friction transmission. In this case, the transmission member 4 can be a completely circular friction wheel, or it can be fan-shaped. In this case, the limiting rod 41 does not need to rotate in the first strip groove 11 and the second strip groove 21, but only needs to be able to slide freely. The combined variable diameter transmission wheel makes frictional contact with the transmission belt 5 through part of the transmission member 4. When one of the combined variable diameter transmission wheels rotates, the transmission member 4 drives the transmission belt 5 to move through friction. When the transmission belt 5 moves, it drives the other combined variable diameter transmission wheel to rotate.

[0081] In this invention, see Figure 8 When the working radius R1 of the combined variable diameter transmission wheel in the left gearbox is at its minimum, the working radius R2 of the combined variable diameter transmission wheel in the right gearbox is at its maximum, and the gear ratio is at its maximum. When R1 is at its maximum, the radius R2 is at its minimum, and the gear ratio is at its minimum. The continuously variable transmission can achieve stepless switching between the maximum and minimum gear ratios and automatically adjust according to the input and load conditions.

[0082] As can be seen from the above, the continuously variable transmission device of the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0083] 1. It can adaptively adjust the gear ratio according to input and load conditions, making it flexible and convenient to use.

[0084] 2. Automatic diameter change is achieved through a combined variable diameter transmission wheel, and the speed ratio switching process is smooth and seamless. Compared with existing traditional continuously variable transmissions, the wear generated during the switching process is small, which can improve the service life.

[0085] 3. The two gear sets are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt to transmit power. Compared with the existing traditional continuously variable transmission, the friction generated is small and the force transmission is more stable and reliable, thus enabling better power transmission.

[0086] 4. By setting a conical rotating disk and an automatic adjustment mechanism, the gear ratio can be adaptively adjusted according to the input and load conditions, and active adjustment can be achieved to obtain the required gear ratio.

[0087] In summary, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0088] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuously variable transmission capable of self-adapting, characterized by: The transmission belt (5) and two variable speed wheel groups, the variable speed wheel group includes rotating wheel (1), positioning disc (2), wheel shaft (3), elastic structure and combined variable diameter transmission wheel composed of N transmission members (4), wherein N is greater than or equal to 4, the rotating wheel (1) is fixedly installed in the circumferential direction on the wheel shaft (3), the rotating wheel (1) is provided with N first slits (11) extending from the center to the edge on the end surface, and the N first slits (11) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel (1), the positioning disc (2) is rotatably installed on the wheel shaft (3), the positioning disc (2) is provided with N second slits (21) extending from the center to the edge on the end surface, and the N second slits (21) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the positioning disc (2), the N second slits (21) and the N first slits (11) one-to-one correspond to form N positioning groove groups, and the second slits (21) in the positioning groove group intersect with the first slits (11) from the end surface of the rotating wheel (1), the transmission member (4) is provided with a circular arc transmission part (42), and the transmission member (4) is further fixedly connected with a limiting rod (41), the limiting rod (41) of the N transmission members (4) is located in the first slits (11) and the second slits (21) of the N positioning groove groups respectively, the limiting rod (41) can freely slide in the first slits (11) and the second slits (21), and the limiting rod (41) cannot rotate or can only rotate an angle α in the first slits (11), the elastic structure can provide elastic force directly or indirectly acting on the N transmission members (4) and driving the transmission member (4) to move along the first slits (11) towards the periphery of the rotating wheel (1); the transmission belt (5) is sleeved at both ends of the two variable speed wheel groups respectively, and the transmission belt (5) and the transmission part (42) are in friction transmission or meshing transmission; when the limiting rod (41) freely slides in the first slits (11) and the second slits (21), the N transmission members (4) always remain on the same circle.

2. The continuously variable transmission of claim 1, wherein: The transmission belt (5) and the transmission part (42) are in meshing transmission, the transmission part (42) has a plurality of transmission teeth, and the central angle between adjacent transmission teeth is β, the limiting rod (41) can rotate an angle α in the first slits (11), and α=2β.

3. Continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that The transmission member (4) is a synchronous pulley, and the center of rotation of the limiting rod (41) is located at the axis of the synchronous pulley, and the transmission belt (5) is a synchronous belt.

4. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The transmission member (4) is a sector, the transmission part (42) is located at the arc edge of the sector, and the first slits (11) are straight slits.

5. Continuously variable transmission according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The section of the limiting rod (41) in the first strip-shaped groove (11) is a limiting section (43), the outer wall of the limiting section (43) is provided with two circular-arc abutting surfaces (431) respectively abutting against the two side walls of the first strip-shaped groove (11) and two limiting surfaces (432), the two circular-arc abutting surfaces (431) are symmetrical about the rotation center of the limiting rod (41), and the two limiting surfaces (432) can abut against the two side walls of the first strip-shaped groove (11) when the limiting rod (41) rotates relatively in the first strip-shaped groove (11).

6. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 or 3, characterized by: The first strip-shaped groove (11) is circular-arc-shaped.

7. The continuously variable transmission of claim 1, wherein: The elastic structure of the variable-speed wheel set comprises N tension springs respectively connected with the N rotating wheels (1), one end of each tension spring is connected with the limiting rod (41), and the other end is connected at the edge of the rotating wheel (1).

8. The continuously variable transmission of claim 2, wherein: The variable-speed wheel set comprises two rotating wheels (1), and the transmission member (4) is located between the two rotating wheels (1), the rotating wheel (1) can move axially on the wheel shaft (3), the inner side end surface of the rotating wheel (1) facing the transmission member (4) is a convex conical surface (12), the first strip-shaped groove (11) is arranged on the conical surface (12), the elastic structure exerts elastic force on the two rotating wheels (1) to drive the two rotating wheels (1) to approach each other, and when the two rotating wheels (1) approach each other, the limiting rod (41) is driven to move along the conical surface (12) to the periphery of the rotating wheel (1).

9. Continuously variable transmission according to claim 8, characterized in that The first strip-shaped groove (11) extends along a straight line, the transmission member (4) is a sector, and the transmission part (42) is located at the circular-arc edge of the sector.

10. The continuously variable transmission of claim 8, wherein: The variable-speed wheel set further comprises a driving adjustment mechanism, which can drive the two rotating wheels (1) in one variable-speed wheel set to move synchronously to approach each other or to move away from each other.

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