Pilot-operated two-way high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve and a control method based on electromagnetic control, which belong to the field of high-temperature and high-pressure valve structures. The pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control includes an electromagnet, a valve cover, an upper half of a vent cavity, a middle section of a vent cavity, a lower half of a vent cavity, a pilot rod, a vent valve core, a valve body, a thermal insulation section, and a sealing assembly. Ventilation is performed by opening a hole in the middle section of the vent cavity, and the pilot rod passes through the hole. The outer side contacts the graphite thermal insulation layer, and the upper part of the inner side is formed into a trapezoidal groove. The connection between the lower section of the valve stem body and the middle section of the valve body is contact-type. The present invention is used for attitude and orbit control engines, can meet the high temperature requirements of fuel gas, realize bidirectional high-pressure ventilation function, has the characteristics of small size, light weight, and fast response, and effectively reduces the negative mass of strike weapons; at the same time, by comprehensively considering the thermal insulation and sealing effects, the service life of the attitude and orbit control engine is extended, and long-term and high-frequency attitude control is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, and belongs to the field of high-temperature and high-pressure valve structures. Background Art

[0002] The pilot-operated high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve is a control valve that controls flow, adjusts pressure at both ends, and realizes flow direction change. Based on electromagnetic control, it has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, ablation resistance, good thermal insulation, component sealing and good mechanical quality.

[0003] At present, in the field of long-duration attitude and orbit control engines, direct control capabilities such as long-duration, fast response, and shutdown are required. Foreign countries have proposed an automatic loading solid rocket engine solution to realize automatic loading and combustion of grains, and separate the grain combustion position from the gas storage position. In order to achieve two-way circulation and rapid response of fuel gas, shutdown and startup, the vent valve needs to accurately control the direction and flow. For missiles that require high maneuverability, two-way ventilation realizes the requirement of controlling lateral thrust, and also requires a high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve. However, as a working medium, high-temperature fuel gas has a temperature between 1500K and 2000K, and ordinary solenoid valves cannot work normally, especially solenoid valves that use spring reset. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a pilot-type bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve and control method based on electromagnetic control, which is used for attitude and orbit control engines. It can meet the high temperature requirements of the fuel gas and realize the bidirectional high-pressure ventilation function. It has the characteristics of small size, light weight and fast response, and can effectively reduce the negative mass of strike weapons. At the same time, by comprehensively considering the thermal insulation and sealing effects, it can extend the service life of the attitude and orbit control engine and realize long-term and high-frequency attitude control.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention discloses a pilot-operated, two-way, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, which includes an electromagnet, a valve cover, an upper section of a vent cavity, an intermediate section of a vent cavity, a lower section of a vent cavity, a pilot rod, a vent valve core, a valve body, an insulation section, and a sealing assembly. The valve cover is provided with a plurality of bolt holes for fastening with the upper section of the housing, and the valve cover is provided with grooves on its circumference for filling a sealing ring; the upper section of the vent cavity is mainly composed of an upper section of a valve stem body, a non-metallic insulation section, and a lower section of a valve stem body. The non-metallic insulation section is connected to the upper section of the valve stem body. Two grooves are provided on the circumference of the outer diameter of the upper section of the valve stem body; the lower section of the valve stem body is connected to the non-metallic insulation section, and the non-metallic insulation section is used to achieve thermal insulation between the upper section of the valve stem body and the lower section of the valve stem body. The lower section of the valve stem body is provided with a trapezoidal boss for contacting the intermediate section of the vent valve body, and a cylindrical boss for contacting the pilot rod is provided at the right end of the lower section of the valve stem body. A vent hole is provided circumferentially in the middle section of the vent valve body, and a through hole for the pilot rod to pass through is provided in the middle section of the vent valve body. The through hole is aligned with the through hole in the lower half of the vent cavity and the positioning boss of the vent valve core. The lower half of the vent cavity is provided at the bottom of the middle section of the vent cavity, and a through hole for the vent valve core to pass through is provided at the axis of the lower half of the vent cavity, and a through hole for the pilot rod to pass through is provided circumferentially; the vent valve core is fixedly connected to the middle section of the vent cavity and passes through the lower half of the vent cavity. A positioning boss is provided at the bottom of the vent valve core for axial positioning of the pilot rod. The through hole for the pilot rod to pass through is aligned with the through hole in the lower half of the vent cavity and the positioning boss of the vent valve core to provide circumferential positioning for the pilot rod. The flange insulation section positions and supports the lower half of the vent cavity and the EPDM insulation layer respectively, and the insulation of the lower half of the vent cavity and the lower section of the shell is achieved through the flange insulation section. The lower section of the housing is fixedly connected to the upper section, and bolts are installed on the lower section to connect to the inlet and outlet. The left end of the vent valve is a flange extending from the upper section of the housing, which is used to connect to the inlet and outlet. Inside this flange, an insulation section is installed to thermally isolate the internal gas from the upper section of the housing. This insulation section passes through the EPDM ablative layer and the graphite ablative layer in sequence. The valve body is primarily composed of the graphite ablative layer, the EPDM ablative layer, and the upper section of the housing. The innermost layer is the ablation-resistant graphite ablative layer, the middle layer is the EPDM ablative layer, and the outermost layer is the upper section of the housing. The graphite ablative layer and EPDM ablative layer work together to insulate the high-temperature, high-pressure gas from the housing. A hole is opened on the right side of the valve body for inserting a pressure sensor.

[0007] The air flow is bidirectional, and the flow path is to flow into and pass through the left insulation section, and then flow to the channel between the graphite ablation layer and the upper half of the ventilation cavity, the through hole for ventilation in the middle of the ventilation cavity, the gap between the ventilation valve core and the rear half of the ventilation cavity, and finally through the flange insulation section. The flow process is reversible.

[0008] An electromagnet is used to drive the upper half of the ventilation cavity to move up and down through electromagnetic force. When the electromagnet is energized to achieve downward movement, the lower half of the ventilation cavity drives the pilot rod to move downward. The pilot rod overcomes the high pressure on both sides of the inlet and outlet to separate the pilot rod from the lower half of the ventilation cavity, thereby achieving partial ventilation of the inlet and outlet and reducing the pressure on both sides of the inlet and outlet. In addition, the upper half of the ventilation cavity drives the pilot rod, the middle section of the ventilation cavity, and the valve core of the ventilation valve to move downward together, thereby separating the valve core from the lower half of the ventilation cavity, that is, the opening of the pilot-operated two-way high-temperature and high-pressure ventilation valve is achieved based on electromagnetic control.

[0009] When the electromagnet is powered off, it drives the upper half of the ventilation cavity to move upward, disconnecting from the pilot rod and the middle section of the ventilation cavity. The middle section of the ventilation cavity, the ventilation valve spool and the pilot rod are now affected by the pressure difference between the left and bottom ventilation ports. When the pressure at the bottom ventilation port is greater than that at the left ventilation port, the pilot rod, the ventilation valve spool and the rear half of the ventilation cavity are fitted together under the pressure difference, that is, the pilot-operated two-way high-temperature and high-pressure ventilation valve is closed based on electromagnetic control.

[0010] In order to achieve the high-frequency response requirements of the attitude and orbit control engine in a high-altitude environment, it is preferred to use an electromagnet connected to the ventilation cavity to drive the opening and closing of the valve. The power required for electromagnetic control is relatively small, achieving a millisecond-level response and greatly improving the control accuracy. At the same time, in order to be used in a high-altitude environment, the entire valve body is relatively small in size, effectively reducing the negative mass.

[0011] Under high-pressure conditions, the vent valve core needs to overcome the force caused by the huge pressure difference in order to open. The required driving electromagnet needs to be large in size, which brings about a large negative mass. As a preferred method, in order to reduce the size of the electromagnet, a pilot rod structure is adopted. The electromagnet first drives the lower half of the ventilation cavity to drive the pilot rod downward and separate it from the rear half of the ventilation cavity to achieve air circulation and reduce the pressure difference on both sides. Then, the vent valve core is driven downward to separate from the rear half of the ventilation cavity to complete the opening process. The required electromagnetic force is greatly reduced compared to directly driving the vent valve core to open, thereby achieving a reduction in the size of the electromagnet.

[0012] In order to ensure the sealing effect of the vent valve, preferably, the sealing assembly includes a first sealing member, a second sealing member, and a third sealing member.

[0013] The first seal adopts dynamic sealing and an O-ring made of rubber material to achieve sealing between the upper half of the ventilation cavity and the valve cover; the second seal adopts static sealing and an O-ring made of rubber material to achieve sealing between the valve cover and the upper part of the shell. The positions of the first and second seals are far away from the gas and do not contact the metal. The working temperature is low, the seal ring has good wear resistance, and the structure is simple and easy to install.

[0014] The third seal adopts a packing sealing structure, filled with copper gaskets, and extruded copper gaskets to achieve sealing at the threads where the upper and lower sections of the shell contact each other, and between the sensor and the upper section of the shell. This position is close to the inner cavity gas, belongs to a high-temperature environment, and does not need to be moved. Therefore, the use of extruded copper gaskets can meet the high-temperature working requirements and ensure sealing.

[0015] Electromagnets lose their magnetism in high-temperature environments. To ensure the proper function of the electromagnet, it is preferred that the upper half of the vent cavity, the middle section of the vent cavity, and the pilot rod be connected using a contact connection. When the electromagnet is energized, the upper half of the vent cavity, the pilot rod, and the middle section of the vent cavity come into contact and cooperate, opening the valve and enabling airflow. When the valve is closed, if the bottom of the vent valve core continues to contact the high-temperature gas, heat is transferred to the middle section of the vent cavity. At this point, due to the contact connection between the upper half of the vent cavity and the middle section of the vent cavity, the upper half of the vent cavity returns to the topmost section along with the electromagnet, leaving a gap between the upper half of the vent cavity and the middle section of the vent cavity. This prevents heat from being transferred to the upper half of the vent cavity and the electromagnet, thus ensuring the required operating temperature of the electromagnet.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a method for controlling a pilot-operated bidirectional, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, which is used to control the pilot-operated bidirectional, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, with the integrated pressure difference and the force acting together. The method for controlling the pilot-operated bidirectional, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control is as follows:

[0017] When the pressure on the left side is less than the pressure at the bottom, the opening process is that the electromagnet is energized to generate electromagnetic force, which drives the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section and the lower section of the valve stem body to move vertically downward along the EPDM insulation layer and the graphite insulation layer. When it moves to the first stroke and contacts the pilot rod, it pushes it downward together. The pilot rod separates from the rear half of the ventilation cavity to achieve ventilation, quickly reducing the force caused by the pressure difference on both sides, and the lower section of the valve stem body continues to move downward, contacts the middle section of the ventilation cavity, pushes it downward, and drives the vent valve core connected to the middle section of the ventilation cavity to move downward. The valve core of the venting valve is separated from the rear half of the venting cavity. The valve is opened, and high-temperature gas enters from the bottom, passes through the venting groove of the venting valve core, flows through the valve body cavity in sequence, and flows out from the left end. After the gas has been circulating for a period of time, when the pressure on the left side is close to that on the bottom, the electromagnet is powered off, and the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section and the lower section of the valve stem body are reset following the electromagnet. The pilot rod and the middle section of the venting cavity lose the thrust provided by the electromagnet, and under the action of the pressure difference, they move upward together, driving the venting valve core upward to fit with the rear half of the venting cavity, and the valve is closed.

[0018] When the pressure on the left side is greater than the pressure at the bottom, the opening process does not require the electromagnet to be energized, and the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section and the lower section of the valve stem body remain in place; under the action of the pressure difference, the middle section of the ventilation cavity and the vent valve spool move downward, achieving separation from the rear half of the ventilation cavity, the valve opens, and air flows; the closing process is as follows: when the pressure is balanced to a near level as the air flow flows, the electromagnet is energized to drive the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section and the lower section of the valve stem body to move downward, providing downward thrust for the pilot rod and the middle section of the ventilation cavity, and the pressure continues to balance. When the left side pressure plus the thrust provided by the electromagnet is equal to the bottom pressure, the electromagnet is de-energized, driving the upper section of the ventilation cavity to reset to the initial position. At this moment, the middle section of the ventilation cavity and the pilot rod lose the thrust provided by the electromagnet, and under the action of the pressure difference, the vent valve spool is driven to move upward, achieving fit with the rear half of the ventilation cavity, the valve is closed, and gas no longer flows.

[0019] The valve moves the electromagnetic device away from the valve core, and integrates the force caused by the pressure difference on both sides and the thrust of the electromagnet to control the opening and closing of the valve. Multiple thermal insulation and sealing technologies achieve high temperature resistance, heat insulation, and ablation resistance. It has the advantages of small size and low mass. The high response and low frequency characteristics of its electromagnetic control are suitable for attitude and orbit control engines in high-altitude environments.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention discloses a pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve and a control method based on electromagnetic control. When the pressure at the left end is relatively small and the pressure at the bottom is relatively large, in order to overcome the pressure difference, when the gas flows from the bottom to the left end, the cross-sectional area of ​​the valve core at the higher pressure is relatively large. In order to open the electromagnet, the pressure to be overcome is relatively large. However, the size of the electromagnet is limited, so the electromagnetic force it brings is limited, and there is a situation where the valve cannot be opened. Or, if a larger-sized electromagnet is used, negative mass will be brought to the attitude and orbit control engine in a high-altitude environment. Therefore, a pilot rod design is adopted, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom of the pilot rod is relatively small. The pilot rod is pushed open first, the gas circulates quickly, and the pressure difference is quickly reduced. Then the valve core is pushed open again to achieve the circulation of high-temperature gas.

[0022] 2. The present invention discloses a pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve and a control method based on electromagnetic control. Ventilation is achieved by opening a hole in the middle section of the vent cavity. The pilot rod passes through the hole, and the outer side contacts the graphite insulation layer. A trapezoidal groove is made on the upper inner side. During the opening and closing process of the valve, the lower section of the valve stem body and the pilot rod can be fixed to move up and down without tilting left and right, thereby realizing the function of accurately controlling the opening stroke. Where the outer side contacts the graphite layer, only the middle part is in contact, reducing the contact area to reduce the friction generated by the movement, thereby reducing the need for electromagnet strategy.

[0023] 3. The present invention discloses a pilot-operated, bidirectional, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve and a control method based on electromagnetic control. The connection between the lower section of the valve stem body and the middle section of the valve body is contact-type. When no gas passes through the inner cavity of the valve body, the electromagnet is powered off, the pressure at the bottom of the valve is relatively high, the valve core fits in with the rear half of the vent cavity, and a gap is left between the lower section of the valve stem body and the middle section of the vent cavity to avoid excessive heat conduction from the bottom of the valve core, which causes the temperature of the upper section of the valve stem body and the lower section of the valve stem body to be relatively high, affecting the working characteristics of the electromagnet and affecting the switching control of the electromagnet.

[0024] 4. The present invention discloses a pilot-operated, two-way, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve and a control method based on electromagnetic control. A ventilation area should be left between the valve core and the rear half of the vent valve body to ensure smooth gas circulation. When the equivalent throat diameter is large, if the ventilation area is directly reduced from the rear half of the vent valve body, a large gap will be generated between the valve core and the rear half of the vent valve body. As the airflow fluctuates, the gap will tilt, resulting in poor ventilation or poor sealing when relying on pressure differential sealing. To address this problem, the present invention solves this problem by slotting the valve core. Eight slots are evenly distributed on the side wall of the valve core. The slotted area plus the ventilation area of ​​the pilot rod equals the total ventilation area. At this moment, the overall diameter of the valve core is close to the inner diameter of the rear half of the vent valve body, and no tilting will occur.

[0025] 5. This invention discloses a pilot-operated, two-way, high-temperature, high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control and its control method. Positioning elements are applied to the graphite ablation-resistant layer and the EPDM thermal insulation layer to facilitate positioning during installation. The left vent is designed to be offset from the axis. High-temperature, high-pressure gas flows at high speeds. Directly venting to the axis can easily generate additional force on the lower section of the valve stem, causing it to tilt and leading to erosion and deposition of gas particles. Avoiding the axis significantly reduces erosion and increases the stability of the vent cavity components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a BB cross-sectional view of a pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front view of a pilot-operated, two-way, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is the AA cross-sectional view of the middle section of the vent valve body;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the inner cavity component of a pilot-type bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure ventilation system based on electromagnetic control according to the present invention;

[0030] Among them, 1-valve cover, 2-upper half of the ventilation cavity, 2.1-upper section of the valve stem body, 2.2-non-metallic thermal insulation section, 2.3-lower section of the valve stem body, 3-EPDM thermal insulation layer, 4-graphite thermal insulation layer, 5-middle section of the ventilation cavity, 6-pilot rod, 7-rear half of the ventilation cavity, 8-lower section of the shell, 9-upper section of the shell, 10-vent valve core, 11-pin, 12-flange thermal insulation section, 13-M4x8 hexagon socket bolt, 14-M4 matching gasket, 15-M4x8 hexagon socket bolt, 16-M4 matching gasket, 17-copper gasket, 18-sealing rubber ring, 19-thermal insulation section, 20-sensor hole, 21-electromagnet, 22-O-ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to better illustrate the purpose and advantages of the present invention, the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present embodiment discloses a pilot-operated, two-way, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, comprising a moving part and a stationary part, wherein the moving part is, from top to bottom, the upper half of the valve body inner cavity, consisting of a valve stem body upper section 2.1, a non-metallic insulation section 2.2, a valve stem body lower section 2.3, a vent inner cavity middle section 5, a pilot rod 6, a pin 11, and a vent valve core 10; the valve stem body upper section 2.1 has two grooves circumferentially opened for filling an O-ring 22 to achieve a double sealing effect. The upper section 2.1 of the valve stem body is threadedly connected to the non-metallic insulation section 2.2, and the non-metallic insulation section 2.2 is threadedly connected to the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body. The lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body contacts and cooperates with the middle section 5 of the ventilation cavity. The lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body extends a trapezoidal boss which is inserted into the middle section 5 of the ventilation cavity. A trapezoidal boss extends from the side of the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body and contacts and cooperates with the pilot rod 6. The pilot rod 6 passes through the middle section 5 of the ventilation cavity and then passes through the rear half 7 of the ventilation cavity. The vent valve spool 10 is connected to the middle section 5 of the ventilation cavity by a pin 11, and a part is extended from the bottom of the vent valve spool 10 to serve as the positioning of the pilot rod 6, limit its stroke, and prevent the pilot rod 6 from detaching from the valve; the electromagnet 21 is connected to the upper section 2.1 of the valve stem body by a pin 11, driving the upper section 2.1 of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section 2.2 and the valve stem body 2.3 to move up and down.

[0034] Static parts: top valve cover 1, which is connected to the upper section 9 of the shell by M4 hexagon socket bolts 15, and M4 matching gaskets 16 are added between the M4 hexagon socket bolts 15 and the valve cover 1 to increase the contact area, prevent loosening, and protect the valve cover 1 under multiple movements. The valve cover 1 has grooves on its circumference for filling the sealing rubber ring 18; the upper section 9 of the shell is made of high-strength steel, the middle layer is an EPDM insulation layer 3, and the innermost layer is a graphite insulation layer 4. Positioning steps are processed on the three layers to cooperate with each other, and each layer is bonded with high-temperature resistant glue to ensure the stability of the shell; on the left side of the upper section 9 of the shell, there is a section that extends outward and can be connected to the device through a flange. The inner layer of the extended section is an insulation section 19, which is made of EPDM. The insulation section 19 penetrates the EPDM insulation layer 3 and the graphite insulation layer 4. A gas channel is formed on the inside of the insulation section 19, and the gas channel is offset to the axis to reduce the direct erosion of the gas on the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body. A small hole is opened on the right side of the upper shell section 9, EPDM insulation layer 3 and graphite insulation layer 4, which is the sensor hole 20, and the airflow state and flow condition in the control valve are monitored by the pressure sensor; the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body is in contact with the EPDM insulation layer 3 and the graphite insulation layer 4, and the gap is controlled by tolerance; the upper shell section 9 and the lower shell section 8 are connected by threads, and to ensure sealing, a copper gasket 19 is added at the bottom of the thread for sealing; the inner side of the lower shell section 10 is the flange insulation section 12, which is made of EPDM and is in contact with the EPDM insulation layer 3. Above the flange insulation section 12 is the rear half of the ventilation cavity 7, and the rear half of the ventilation cavity 7 is connected to the graphite insulation layer 4. The bottom of the lower shell section 8 is a flange plate, on which is a hexagonal bolt 13, which can be connected to the gas storage device.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the middle section 5 of the ventilation cavity. The upper end is a trapezoidal groove, which cooperates with the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body. The bottom is a hole for the pin 11, which is fixedly connected to the ventilation valve core 10 through the hole. The middle of the cross-section is an air flow hole, and four holes are evenly distributed throughout.

[0036] Figure 4 The components of the ventilation cavity are, from top to bottom, the ventilation cavity upper half 2 composed of the valve stem body upper section 2.1, the non-metallic insulation section 2.2 and the valve stem body lower section 2.3, the ventilation cavity middle section 5, the pilot rod 6, the ventilation cavity rear half 7, the ventilation valve core 10, and the pin 11. There is a through hole on the ventilation cavity middle section 5, among which the hole through which the pilot rod 6 passes is smaller. The sum of the areas of the four through holes used for ventilation should be larger than the designed ventilation area to avoid becoming a flow limit.

[0037] This embodiment also discloses a method for controlling a pilot-operated bidirectional, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, which is used to control the pilot-operated bidirectional, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, using a combined pressure difference and a force. The method for controlling the pilot-operated bidirectional, high-temperature, and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control is as follows:

[0038] When the pressure on the left side is less than the pressure on the bottom, for example, when the left side is atmospheric pressure and the bottom pressure is that of the engine combustion chamber, the opening process is that the electromagnet 21 is energized to generate electromagnetic force, driving the upper section 2.1 of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section 2.2 and the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body to move vertically downward along the EPDM insulation layer 3 and the graphite insulation layer 4. When it moves to the first stroke and contacts the pilot rod 6, it pushes it downward together. The pilot rod 6 is separated from the rear half 7 of the ventilation cavity to achieve ventilation and quickly reduce the force caused by the pressure difference on both sides. The lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body continues to move downward and contacts the middle section 7 of the ventilation cavity, pushing it downward, driving the middle section 7 of the ventilation cavity The connected vent valve core 10 moves downward, separating the vent valve core 10 from the rear half 7 of the vent cavity. The valve opens, and the high-temperature gas enters from the bottom, passes through the vent groove of the vent valve core 10, flows through the valve body cavity in sequence, and flows out from the left end. After the gas has been flowing for a period of time, when the pressure on the left side is close to that at the bottom, the electromagnet is powered off, and the upper section 2.1 of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section 2.2, and the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body follow the electromagnet 21 to reset. The pilot rod 6 and the middle section 5 of the vent cavity lose the thrust provided by the electromagnet, and under the action of the pressure difference, move upward together, driving the vent valve core 10 upward to fit with the rear half 7 of the vent cavity, and the valve is closed.

[0039] When the pressure on the left side is greater than the pressure on the bottom, the opening process does not require the electromagnet 21 to be energized, and the upper section 2.1 of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section 2.2 and the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body remain in place; under the action of the pressure difference, the middle section 5 of the ventilation cavity and the vent valve core 10 move downward to separate from the rear half 7 of the ventilation cavity, the valve opens, and air flows; the closing process is as follows: when the pressure is balanced with the air flow to a close state, the electromagnet 21 is energized, driving the upper section 2.1 of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section 2.2 And the lower section 2.3 of the valve stem body moves downward, providing a thrust downward for the pilot rod 6 and the middle section 5 of the ventilation cavity, and the pressure continues to balance. When the left pressure plus the thrust provided by the electromagnet 21 is equal to the bottom pressure, the electromagnet 21 is powered off, driving the upper half 2 of the ventilation cavity to reset to the initial position. At this time, the middle section 5 of the ventilation cavity and the pilot rod 6 lose the thrust provided by the electromagnet 21, and under the action of the pressure difference, the ventilation valve core 10 is driven to move upward to achieve fit with the rear half 7 of the ventilation cavity. The valve is closed and the gas no longer circulates.

[0040] The above specific description further illustrates the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pilot-operated, two-way, high-temperature, high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, characterized by: The venting valve body is provided with a plurality of bolt holes for fastening with the upper section of the shell, and a groove is provided on the circumference of the venting valve body for filling the sealing ring; the upper section of the venting cavity is composed of the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic thermal insulation section, and the lower section of the valve stem body; the non-metallic thermal insulation section is connected to the upper section of the valve stem body; the upper section of the valve stem body is provided with two grooves on the outer diameter circumference; the lower section of the valve stem body is connected to the non-metallic thermal insulation section, and the non-metallic thermal insulation section is used to realize the sealing ring. The upper section of the valve stem body is heat-insulated from the lower section of the valve stem body; the lower section of the valve stem body is provided with a trapezoidal boss for contacting the middle section of the ventilation cavity, and the right end of the lower section of the valve stem body is provided with a cylindrical boss for contacting the pilot rod; a ventilation hole is opened in the circumferential direction of the middle section of the ventilation cavity, and a through hole for the pilot rod to pass through is opened on the middle section of the ventilation cavity; the through hole is aligned with the through hole of the lower half of the ventilation cavity and the positioning boss of the ventilation valve core; the bottom of the middle section of the ventilation cavity is provided with the lower half of the ventilation cavity, and the axis center of the lower half of the ventilation cavity is provided with a through hole for the ventilation valve core to pass through, and a through hole for the pilot rod to pass through is opened in the circumferential direction The guide rod passes through the through hole; the vent valve core is fixedly connected to the middle section of the vent inner cavity and passes through the lower half of the vent inner cavity. A positioning boss is provided at the bottom of the vent valve core to perform axial positioning of the pilot rod; the through hole for the pilot rod to pass through is aligned with the through hole of the lower half of the vent inner cavity and the positioning boss of the vent valve core to perform circumferential positioning for the pilot rod; the flange insulation section positions and supports the lower half of the vent inner cavity and the EPDM insulation layer respectively, and the thermal insulation of the lower half of the vent inner cavity and the lower section of the shell is achieved through the flange insulation section; the lower section of the shell is fixedly connected to the upper section of the shell, and the lower section of the shell is provided with a screw connected to the inlet and outlet Bolt; the left end of the vent valve is a flange extending from the upper section of the shell, which is used to connect to the inlet and outlet. The flange extending from the upper section of the shell is internally provided with an insulation section for thermally isolating the internal gas from the upper section of the shell. The insulation section passes through the EPDM insulation layer and the graphite insulation layer in sequence; the valve body is composed of a graphite insulation layer, an EPDM insulation layer, and the upper section of the shell. The innermost layer is an ablation-resistant graphite insulation layer, the middle layer is an EPDM insulation layer, and the outermost layer is the upper section of the shell. The graphite insulation layer and the EPDM insulation layer cooperate to insulate the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the shell; a hole for inserting a pressure sensor is opened on the right side of the valve body; The airflow is bidirectional, flowing into and through the left insulation section, and then flowing to the channel between the graphite insulation layer and the upper half of the ventilation cavity, the through hole for ventilation in the middle section of the ventilation cavity, the gap between the vent valve core and the lower half of the ventilation cavity, and finally through the flange insulation section. The flow process is reversible. An electromagnet is used to drive the upper half of the ventilation cavity to move up and down through electromagnetic force. When the electromagnet is energized to achieve downward movement, the upper half of the ventilation cavity drives the pilot rod to move downward. The pilot rod overcomes the high pressure on both sides of the inlet and outlet to separate the pilot rod from the lower half of the ventilation cavity, thereby achieving partial ventilation of the inlet and outlet and reducing the pressure on both sides of the inlet and outlet. In addition, the upper half of the ventilation cavity drives the pilot rod, the middle section of the ventilation cavity, and the valve core of the ventilation valve to move downward together, thereby separating the valve core from the lower half of the ventilation cavity. That is, the pilot-operated two-way high-temperature and high-pressure ventilation valve is opened based on electromagnetic control. When the electromagnet is powered off, it drives the upper half of the ventilation cavity to move upward, disconnecting from the pilot rod and the middle section of the ventilation cavity. The middle section of the ventilation cavity, the ventilation valve spool and the pilot rod are now affected by the pressure difference between the left and bottom ventilation ports. When the pressure at the bottom ventilation port is greater than that at the left ventilation port, the pilot rod, the ventilation valve spool and the rear half of the ventilation cavity are fitted together under the pressure difference, that is, the pilot-operated two-way high-temperature and high-pressure ventilation valve is closed based on electromagnetic control.

2. The electromagnetically controlled pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electromagnet is connected to the upper half of the ventilation cavity to drive the opening and closing of the valve.

3. The electromagnetically controlled pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes a first sealing member, a second sealing member, and a third sealing member; The first seal adopts a rubber O-ring with a dynamic seal method to achieve the seal between the upper half of the ventilation cavity and the valve cover; the second seal adopts a rubber O-ring with a static seal method to achieve the seal between the valve cover and the upper part of the shell. The first and second seals are both far away from the gas and do not come into contact with the metal. The working temperature is low, the first and second seals have good wear resistance, and the structure is simple and easy to install. The third seal adopts a packing sealing structure, filled with copper gaskets, and sealed by extruding the copper gasket to achieve sealing at the threads at the contact position between the upper and lower sections of the shell, and between the sensor and the upper section of the shell.

4. The electromagnetically controlled pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the upper half of the ventilation cavity and the middle section of the ventilation cavity and the pilot rod adopts a contact connection. When the electromagnet is energized, the upper half of the ventilation cavity contacts and cooperates with the pilot rod and the middle section of the ventilation cavity, and the valve opens to realize air circulation; when the valve is closed, if the bottom of the vent valve core continues to contact the high-temperature gas, the heat is conducted to the middle section of the ventilation cavity. At this time, the upper half of the ventilation cavity and the middle section of the ventilation cavity are in contact and cooperate, and the upper half of the ventilation cavity is reset to the top along with the electromagnet. Therefore, a gap is left between the upper half of the ventilation cavity and the middle section of the ventilation cavity, so the heat cannot continue to be conducted to the upper half of the ventilation cavity and the electromagnet, thereby ensuring the working temperature requirement of the electromagnet.

5. A method for controlling a pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control, for controlling the pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The comprehensive pressure difference and electromagnetic force work together, and the control method of the pilot-operated bidirectional high-temperature and high-pressure vent valve based on electromagnetic control is as follows: When the pressure on the left side is less than the pressure at the bottom, the opening process is that the electromagnet is energized to generate electromagnetic force, which drives the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section and the lower section of the valve stem body to move vertically downward along the EPDM insulation layer and the graphite insulation layer. When it moves to the first stroke and contacts the pilot rod, it pushes it downward together. The pilot rod separates from the lower half of the ventilation cavity to achieve ventilation, quickly reducing the force caused by the pressure difference on both sides, and the lower section of the valve stem body continues to move downward, contacts the middle section of the ventilation cavity, pushes it downward, and drives the vent valve core connected to the middle section of the ventilation cavity to move downward. The valve core of the venting cavity is separated from the lower half of the venting cavity. The valve is opened, and the high-temperature gas enters from the bottom, passes through the venting groove of the venting valve core, flows through the valve body cavity in sequence, and flows out from the left end. After the gas has been flowing for a period of time, when the pressure on the left side is close to that on the bottom, the electromagnet is powered off, and the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section and the lower section of the valve stem body are reset along with the electromagnet. The pilot rod and the middle section of the venting cavity lose the thrust provided by the electromagnet, and under the action of the pressure difference, they move upward together, driving the venting valve core upward to fit with the lower half of the venting cavity, and the valve is closed. When the pressure on the left side is greater than the pressure at the bottom, the opening process does not require the electromagnet to be energized, and the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section and the lower section of the valve stem body remain in place; under the action of the pressure difference, the middle section of the ventilation cavity and the vent valve spool move downward, achieving separation from the lower half of the ventilation cavity, the valve opens, and air flows; the closing process is as follows: when the pressure is balanced to a near level as the air flow flows, the electromagnet is energized, driving the upper section of the valve stem body, the non-metallic insulation section and the lower section of the valve stem body to move downward, providing downward thrust for the pilot rod and the middle section of the ventilation cavity, and the pressure continues to balance. When the left side pressure plus the thrust provided by the electromagnet is equal to the bottom pressure, the electromagnet is de-energized, driving the upper section of the ventilation cavity to reset to the initial position. At this moment, the middle section of the ventilation cavity and the pilot rod lose the thrust provided by the electromagnet, and under the action of the pressure difference, the vent valve spool is driven to move upward, achieving fit with the lower half of the ventilation cavity, the valve is closed, and gas no longer flows.

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