1067results about "Artificial filament chemical after-treatment" patented technology

Graphitic nanotubes, which includes tubular fullerenes (commonly called "buckytubes") and fibrils, which are functionalized by chemical substitution or by adsorption of functional moieties. More specifically the invention relates to graphitic nanotubes which are uniformly or non-uniformly substituted with chemical moieties or upon which certain cyclic compounds are adsorbed and to complex structures comprised of such functionalized fibrils linked to one another. The invention also relates to methods of introducing functional groups onto the surface of such fibrils.

This invention relates to rigid porous carbon structures and to methods of making same. The rigid porous structures have a high surface area which are substantially free of micropores. Methods for improving the rigidity of the carbon structures include causing the nanofibers to form bonds or become glued with other nanofibers at the fiber intersections. The bonding can be induced by chemical modification of the surface of the nanofibers to promote bonding, by adding "gluing" agents and/or by pyrolyzing the nanofibers to cause fusion or bonding at the interconnect points.

A nanofibrillar structure for cell culture and tissue engineering is disclosed. The nanofibrillar structure can be used in a variety of applications including methods for proliferating and/or differentiating cells and manufacturing a tissue. Also disclosed is an improved nanofiber comprising a lipid, lipophilic molecule, or chemically modified surface. The nanofibers can be used in a variety of applications including the formation of nanofibrillar structures for cell culture and tissue engineering.

A carbon-containing material with organic groups, which is obtainable by reaction of the carbon-containing material with organic compounds of the general formula 1 A process for preparing the carbon-containing material according to the invention is also described. The carbon-containing materials according to the invention can be used as fillers, reinforcing fillers, UV stabilisers, conductivity carbon blacks or pigments.

This invention is directed to making chemical derivatives of carbon nanotubes and to uses for the derivatized nanotubes, including making arrays as a basis for synthesis of carbon fibers. In one embodiment, this invention also provides a method for preparing single wall carbon nanotubes having substituents attached to the side wall of the nanotube by reacting single wall carbon nanotubes with fluorine gas and recovering fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes, then reacting fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes with a nucleophile. Some of the fluorine substituents are replaced by nucleophilic substitution. If desired, the remaining fluorine can be completely or partially eliminated to produce single wall carbon nanotubes having substituents attached to the side wall of the nanotube. The substituents will, of course, be dependent on the nucleophile, and preferred nucleophiles include alkyl lithium species such as methyl lithium. Alternatively, fluorine may be fully or partially removed from fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes by reacting the fluorine derivatized carbon nanotubes with various amounts of hydrazine, substituted hydrazine or alkyl amine. The present invention also provides seed materials for growth of single wall carbon nanotubes comprising a plurality of single wall carbon nanotubes or short tubular molecules having a catalyst precursor moiety covalently bound or physisorbed on the outer surface of the sidewall to provide the optimum metal cluster size under conditions that result in migration of the metal moiety to the tube end.

Carbon nanotubes are incorporated in the fiber structure by growing them on the refractory fibers of the substrate so as to obtain a three-dimensional substrate made of refractory fibers and enriched in carbon nanotubes. The substrate is densified with a matrix to form a part of composite material such as a friction part of C/C composite material.

Fibers described herein comprise a composition including a polymer and graphene sheets. The fibers can be further formed into yarns, cords, and fabrics. The fibers can be in the form of polyamide, polyester, acrylic, acetate, modacrylic, spandex, lyocell fibers, and the like. Such fibers can take on a variety of forms, including, staple fibers, spun fibers, monofilaments, multifilaments, and the like.

A method of chemically modifying carbon nanotubes having a diameter less than one micron comprising: contacting the nanotubes with a peroxygen compound selected from the group consisting of organic peroxyacids, inorganic peroxoacids and organic hydroperoxides, or a salt thereof, under oxidation conditions and thereby producing modified carbon nanotubes. Oxidation of the nanotubes increases the degree of dispersion of aggregates of nanotubes and aids in the disassembling of such aggregates. The dispersed nanotubes are used to prepare rigid structures and can be used in electrodes and capacitors.

We report a method of preparation of highly elastic graphene oxide films, and their transformation into graphene oxide fibers and electrically conductive graphene fibers by spinning. Methods typically include: 1) oxidation of graphite to graphene oxide, 2) preparation of graphene oxide slurry with high solid contents and residues of sulfuric acid impurities. 3) preparation of large area films by bar-coating or dropcasting the graphene oxide dispersion and drying at low temperature. 4) spinning the graphene oxide film into a fiber, and 5) thermal or chemical reduction of the graphene oxide fiber into an electrically conductive graphene fiber. The resulting films and fiber have excellent mechanical properties, improved morphology as compared with current graphene oxide fibers, high electrical conductivity upon thermal reduction, and improved field emission properties.

Compositions including carbide-containing nanorods and/or oxycarbide-containing nanorods and/or carbon nanotubes bearing carbides and oxycarbides and methods of making the same are provided. Rigid porous structures including oxycarbide-containing nanorods and/or carbide containing nanorods and/or carbon nanotubes bearing carbides and oxycarbides and methods of making the same are also provided. The compositions and rigid porous structures of the invention can be used either as catalyst and/or catalyst supports in fluid phase catalytic chemical reactions. Processes for making supported catalyst for selected fluid phase catalytic reactions are also provided.

The present invention involves fibers of highly aligned single-wall carbon nanotubes and a process for making the same. The present invention provides a method for effectively dispersing single-wall carbon nanotubes. The process for dispersing the single-wall carbon nanotubes comprises mixing single-wall carbon nanotubes with 100% sulfuric acid or a superacid, heating and stirring under an inert, oxygen-free environment. The single-wall carbon nanotube/acid mixture is wet spun into a coagulant to form the single-wall carbon nanotube fibers. The fibers are recovered, washed and dried. The single-wall carbon nanotubes were highly aligned in the fibers, as determined by Raman spectroscopy analysis.

A composition includes a carbon nanotube (CNT)-infused glass fiber material, which includes a glass fiber material of spoolable dimensions and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) bonded to it. The CNTs are uniform in length and distribution. A continuous CNT infusion process includes: (a) disposing a carbon-nanotube forming catalyst on a surface of a glass fiber material of spoolable dimensions; and (b) synthesizing carbon nanotubes on the glass fiber material, thereby forming a carbon nanotube-infused glass fiber material. The continuous CNT infusion process optionally includes extruding a glass fiber material from a glass melt or removing sizing material from a pre-fabricated glass fiber material.

A new, non-wrapping approach to functionalizing nanotubes, such as carbon nanotubes, in organic and inorganic solvents is provided. In accordance with certain embodiments, carbon nanotube surfaces are functionalized in a non-wrapping fashion by functional conjugated polymers that include functional groups. Various embodiments provide polymers that noncovalently bond with carbon nanotubes in a non-wrapping fashion. For example, various embodiments of polymers are provided that comprise a relatively rigid backbone that is suitable for noncovalently bonding with a carbon nanotube substantially along the nanotube's length, as opposed to about its diameter. In preferred polymers, the major interaction between the polymer backbone and the nanotube surface is parallel π-stacking. In certain implementations, the polymers further comprise at least one functional extension from the backbone that are any of various desired functional groups for functionalizing a carbon nanotube.

The invention discloses a preparation method for high strength macro graphene conductive fiber. According to the method, graphite is oxidized to obtain a graphene oxide; the graphene oxide is dispersed in water or a polar organic solvent to prepare a spinning liquid sol with the mass concentration of 1-20%; the spinning liquid sol is transferred to a spinning device; the spinning liquid is continuously extruded from a spinning head capillary at a uniform speed; the extruded spinning liquid enters a solidification liquid; the solidified primary fiber is collected by using a polytetrafluoroethylene roller; a drying treatment is performed to obtain the graphene oxide fiber; the graphene oxide fiber is subjected to chemical reduction to obtain the graphene fiber. According to the present invention, the spinning process is simple; the operation is performed at the room temperature; no strong corrosive reagent is used; the process has the characteristics of green environmental protection; the prepared graphene fiber has characteristics of good conductivity, excellent mechanical property and good toughness, can be woven into the pure graphene fiber cloth, can further be woven into various fabrics with other fibers, and can further be added to the polymer as the conduction enhancing additive and the like; the prepared graphene fiber can replace the carbon fiber to use in a plurality of fields.

The invention provides a method of functionalizing the sidewalls of a plurality of carbon nanotubes with oxygen moieties, the method comprising: exposing a carbon nanotube dispersion to an ozone/oxygen mixture to form a plurality of ozonized carbon nanotubes; and contacting the plurality of ozonized carbon nanotubes with a cleaving agent to form a plurality of sidewall-functionalized carbon nanotubes.

The present invention relates to compositions and rigid porous structures that contain nanorods having carbides and/or oxycarbides and methods of making and using such compositions and such rigid porous structures. The compositions and rigid porous structures can be used either as catalysts and/or catalyst supports in fluid phase catalytic chemical reactions. Processes for making supported catalyst for selected fluid phase catalytic reactions are also provided. The fluid phase catalytic reactions catalyzed include hydrogenation hydrodesulfuriaation, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodemetallization, hydrodeoxygenation, hydrodearomatization, dehydrogenation, hydrogenolyis, isomerization, alkylation, dealkylation, oxidation and transalkylation.

A conductive carbon nanotube film having high tensile strength and initial tensile modulus comprises primarily oxidized small-diameter carbon nanotubes wherein the diameter of the small-diameter carbon nanotubes are at most about 3 nm. A method for making the film comprises refluxing an aqueous mixture comprising carbon nanotubes and an oxidizing agent to form a refluxed nanotube dispersion; forming a carbon nanotube film from the refluxed carbon nanotube dispersion; optionally removing nitric acid or other oxidizing agent from the carbon nanotube film; drying the carbon nanotube film; and heat-treating the carbon nanotube film to form a heat-treated carbon nanotube film. The method can also comprise sonicating the nanotubes prior to or after refluxing. A heat-treated small-diameter carbon nanotube film can have a tensile strength of over 70 MPa and an initial tensile modulus of about 5 GPa.