Preparation method for carbon nanofiber containing transition metal and nitrogen element and application of carbon nanofiber in fuel-cell catalysts

A technology of carbon nanofibers and transition metals, applied in the direction of fiber chemical characteristics, nanotechnology, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of material transport battery performance degradation, insufficient catalytic activity, large thickness of catalytic layer, etc., to achieve good catalytic activity, The effect of easy operation and simplified preparation process

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-04-20
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Nevertheless, non-noble metal catalysts still face some problems, such as their catalytic activity per unit volume is still not high enough, resulting in a larger thickness of the catalytic layer, increased resistance of the electrode and material transport in the electrode (such as the diffusion of oxygen and the discharge of water) Correspondingly limited, causing battery performance to degrade

Method used

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  • Preparation method for carbon nanofiber containing transition metal and nitrogen element and application of carbon nanofiber in fuel-cell catalysts
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  • Preparation method for carbon nanofiber containing transition metal and nitrogen element and application of carbon nanofiber in fuel-cell catalysts

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example 1

[0039] Example 1: Preparation of carbon nanofibers containing transition metals and nitrogen

[0040] Prepare the precursor solution: dissolve 0.2g of polyacrylonitrile in 3.8g of N-N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at 60°C, stir well to form a uniform and transparent solution, add 20mg of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 9H 2 O, continue stirring and dissolving at 60°C.

[0041] Spinning: Electrospinning is used to prepare nanofibers. The specific steps are: connect the prepared solution to a stainless steel needle through a catheter, and spray the solution through the needle at a flow rate of 0.4 mL / h. Carbon paper was used as the nanofiber collector, and the vertical distance from the needle was 15 cm, and it was grounded at the same time. Connect the needle tube to a high-voltage generator, adjust the voltage to 15kV, and start to obtain organic nanofibers on the collector. After one hour of spinning, organic nanofibers can be obtained.

[0042] Carbonization: Place organic nanofibers in a sealed...

example 2

[0044] Example 2: Magnesium nitrate is used as a template to prepare porous carbon nanofibers containing transition metals and nitrogen elements

[0045] Preparation of precursor solution: Dissolve 0.2 g of polyacrylonitrile in 3.8 g of N-N-dimethylformamide at 60° C. and stir well to form a uniform and transparent solution. Add 20mg of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 9H 2 O and 0.2g of Mg(NO 3 ) 2 4H 2 O, continue stirring and dissolving at 60°C.

[0046] Spinning: Electrospinning is used to prepare nanofibers. The specific steps are: connect the prepared solution to a stainless steel needle through a catheter, and spray the solution through the needle at a flow rate of 1.0 mL / h. Carbon paper was used as the nanofiber collector, and the vertical distance from the needle was 15 cm, and it was grounded at the same time. Connect the needle tube to a high-voltage generator, adjust the voltage to 30kV, and start to obtain organic nanofibers on the collector.

[0047] Carbonization: Place the ...

example 3

[0050] Example 3: Preparation of porous carbon nanofibers containing transition metals and nitrogen elements using silicon oxide as a template

[0051] Preparation of precursor solution: Dissolve 0.2 g of polyacrylonitrile in 3.8 g of N-N-dimethylformamide at 60° C. and stir well to form a uniform and transparent solution. Add 20mg of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 9H 2 O and 0..2g of silicon oxide nanoparticles (about 50nm in diameter), continue stirring and dissolving at 60°C.

[0052] Spinning: Electrospinning is used to prepare nanofibers. The specific steps are: connect the prepared solution to a stainless steel needle through a catheter, and spray the solution through the needle at a flow rate of 1.0 mL / h. Carbon paper was used as the nanofiber collector, and the vertical distance from the needle was 15 cm, and it was grounded at the same time. Connect the needle tube to a high-voltage generator, adjust the voltage to 30kV, and start to obtain organic nanofibers on the collector.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for a carbon nanofiber containing transition metal and a nitrogen element and application of the carbon nanofiber in fuel-cell catalysts, belonging to the technical field of carbon nanofibers and the fuel-cell catalysts. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: dissolving at least one transition metal salt and at least one nitrogenous polymer into a solvent to form a precursor solution; carrying out electrostatic spinning on the precursor solution to obtain an organic nanofiber; and heating to carbonize the organic nanofiber in a basic inert atmosphere to obtain the carbon nanofiber containing the transition metal and the nitrogen element. A nanofiber self-supporting membrane is directly used as a fuel cell electrode after dipped in the solution, or the carbon nanofiber is coated on the electrode to be used as a fuel cell catalysis electrode after formed into powder and then mixed with the solution. The method is simple and is easy to operate; and the prepared carbon nanofiber containing the transition metal and the nitrogen element performs good catalytic activity on oxygen reduction reaction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon nanofibers and fuel cell catalysts, in particular to a preparation method of carbon nanofibers containing transition metals and nitrogen elements and their application in fuel cell catalysts. Background technique [0002] The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a device that directly converts the chemical energy stored in the fuel into electrical energy, in which the fuel (such as H 2 , methanol and ethanol, etc.) are oxidized under the action of the anode catalyst and release electrons to the external circuit, while oxygen is combined with the electrons provided by the external circuit under the action of the cathode catalyst and reduced to water. This conversion process is free from gas pollution, is not limited by the Carnot cycle, and is energy efficient, thus representing a promising clean energy technology. However, the reversibility of the cathode oxygen reduction reaction is very low, re...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): D01F9/20D01F9/22D01F9/21D01F9/24D01F11/10D01D5/00B82Y40/00H01M4/90
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 干林林裕真朱静
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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