488 results about "Oxygen reduction reaction" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell non-noble metal catalyst material preparation, and particularly relates to a composite carbon nanofiber catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, combining metal ions with an organic ligand in an organic solvent at room temperature to successfully prepare a zeolite imidazate framework material (ZIFs); the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out primary carbonization on a prepared ZIFs material in an inert atmosphere high-temperature furnace to obtain a metal nitrogen carbon material, then uniformly mixing the metal nitrogen carbon material with a spinning solution, carrying out electrostatic spinning to obtain composite nanofibers, and then carrying out secondary carbonization in an inert atmosphere to finally successfully prepare the composite carbon nanofiber catalyst (MN-CNF). The catalyst has excellent electrocatalytic activity, can effectively improve the efficiency of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and also has excellent catalytic stability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical catalysis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an alkali metal cation modified cobalt-nitrogen-carbon monatomic catalyst and application of the catalyst in electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide. The Co-N-C / X catalyst is obtained by taking a cobalt-containing compound as a metal source, mixing the metal source with a nitrogen-containing organic matter and a carbon material, performing rotary evaporation, grinding and high-temperature pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere, performing acid washing with strong acid to construct surface defects, and finally performing stirring adsorption with an alkali metal salt solution, suction filtration and drying. Alkali metal cations are physically adsorbed and anchored on the surface and interface of the Co-N-C catalyst instead of being dissolved in a solution, so that the electronic structure of Co active sites and the adsorption energy of the * OOH intermediate are optimized, and the problem of separation of alkali metal and a product is solved. When the catalyst is used for electro-catalytic oxygen reduction reaction, the H2O2 selectivity reaches up to 98%, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, large-scale production can be realized, and the problems that the traditional method is high in energy consumption and large in pollution and the existing catalyst is insufficient in selectivity are solved.

The invention discloses a nitrogen-doped carbon material composite tin-antimony alloy oxygen reduction reaction catalyst. The nitrogen-doped carbon material composite tin-antimony alloy oxygen reduction reaction catalyst comprises a nitrogen-doped carbon material carrier and tin-antimony alloy particles uniformly loaded on the surface and inside of the nitrogen-doped carbon material carrier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, dissolving a precursor of a nitrogen-containing carbon material in an organic solvent to obtain a precursor solution; s2, adding a template agent into the precursor solution until the template agent is completely dispersed, then adding soluble salt of tin and soluble salt of antimony, and uniformly stirring to obtain a raw material solution; and S3, carrying out freeze drying treatment on the raw material solution, then introducing the raw material solution into a reducing atmosphere, carrying out high-temperature calcination treatment, and then carrying out washing treatment to remove the template agent. The invention discloses a nitrogen-doped carbon material composite tin-antimony alloy oxygen reduction reaction catalyst which is novel in composition, has a good pore structure and a high specific surface area, and not only has excellent oxygen reduction reaction catalytic activity, but also has relatively high stability.

The invention discloses a flowing type vanadium-based electric fuel energy storage and supply system which comprises an electric pile reaction module, an electrolyte driving module and a medium storage module, and the electric pile reaction module comprises an oxygen evolution reaction flowing unit, a vanadium electrolyte flowing unit and an oxygen reduction reaction flowing unit which are arranged adjacently in pairs; a first flow field plate in the oxygen evolution reaction flow unit is provided with a bionic dendritic interdigital first flow channel; a second flow field plate in the vanadium electrolyte flowing unit is provided with a bidirectional spiral interdigital second flow channel; a third flow field plate in the oxygen reduction reaction flow unit is provided with a third multi-stage fractal interdigital flow channel; the medium storage module comprises a vanadium electrolyte storage tank and a reaction medium storage tank, the vanadium electrolyte storage tank and the reaction medium storage tank are arranged on the two opposite sides of the galvanic pile reaction module, the vanadium electrolyte storage tank is connected with the second flow field plate, and the reaction medium storage tank is connected with the second flow field plate and the third flow field plate. According to the system, the integration level of the system is improved on the basis of reducing the cost.

The present invention generally relates to a process for synthesizing a graphene oxide quantum dots-iron phthalocyanine (FePc-GOQDs) nanocomposite with enhanced electrochemical properties, particularly for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). The process begins by dispersing 500 mg of graphene oxide (GO) in a hydrogen peroxide and deionized water solution in a 1:10 volume ratio, followed by hydrothermal treatment at 180° C. for 8 hours to produce GO quantum dots (GOQDs). The resulting material is freeze-dried to obtain GOQDs powder. Subsequently, 60 mg of GOQDs are combined with 10 mg of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) and 20 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the mixture is subjected to microwave irradiation at 500 W and 150° C. for 30 minutes. The resulting composite is rinsed repeatedly with deionized water and ethanol, then dried at 120° C. to yield the FePc-GOQDs nanocomposite. This composite demonstrates superior ORR performance due to strong Fe—O bonding and optimized electronic interactions.

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysts, and discloses a rare earth platinum alloy catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst comprises a nitrogen-doped carbon carrier, and a PtGd alloy and a Ni elementary substance are loaded on the nitrogen-doped carbon carrier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a Gd-ZIF material; and (2) uniformly mixing the Gd-ZIF, the platinum source solution and the nickel source solution, carrying out vacuum drying treatment, heating to 700-1000 DEG C in a reducing atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the rare earth platinum alloy catalyst. The invention discloses application of a rare earth platinum alloy catalyst which is used as a cathode oxygen reduction reaction catalyst of a hydrogen fuel cell. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate and can be used for large-scale preparation; the Pt content of the rare earth platinum alloy catalyst prepared by the method is reduced to 13%, and the cost of raw materials is directly and greatly reduced; the maximum half-wave potential of the rare earth platinum alloy catalyst can reach 0.93 V vs.RHE which is far higher than that of commercial Pt / C.

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of binuclear cobalt complexes, in particular to a binuclear cobalt complex as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The molecular formula of the binuclear cobalt complex is Co2 (L1) 2X2, the binuclear cobalt complex is composed of two L12-groups, two trivalent cobalt and two X-ions, and X is Cl or OH. The binuclear cobalt complex Co2 (L1) 2Cl2 belongs to a triclinic system, belongs to a P-1 space group, and is a chlorine-bridged binuclear cobalt complex. The binuclear cobalt complex Co2 (L1) 2 (OH) 2 belongs to a monoclinic system, belongs to a P21 / n space group, and is an oxyhydrogen bridging binuclear cobalt complex. The preparation method of the two binuclear cobalt complexes is simple, the cost is lower than that of precious metal, the stability and the selectivity are good, and the binuclear cobalt complexes have certain electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction performance.

A technology for preparing glutaraldehyde through cyclopentene oxidation belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, glutaraldehyde is prepared through cyclopentene oxidation by adopting a photocatalysis-electrocatalysis synergistic catalyst g-C3N4 / TiO2 (at) Au-Co / N-G. The catalyst is of a unique core-shell structure, is stable in property, promotes an oxygen reduction reaction in a catalysis technology, and has good catalytic activity. The conversion rate of cyclopentene and the selectivity of glutaraldehyde are remarkably improved, and the effect is remarkable.

The invention belongs to the technical field of percarbamide preparation, and particularly relates to a method and a device for synthesizing percarbamide through electrochemical in-situ extraction of urea in urine. Comprising the following steps: by taking a carbon-based catalyst as a working electrode, a metal active material as an anode and concentrated urine as an electrolyte solution, continuously introducing oxygen into the electrolyte solution, carrying out electrochemical in-situ extraction synthesis under constant voltage, and combining urea molecules with an oxidation intermediate adsorbed on the surface of the carbon-based catalyst, so as to obtain a urea compound; the percarbamide is generated through protonation, and urea in the urine is converted into the percarbamide. On the basis of an electrochemical technology, urea in urine is converted into percarbamide in situ, the conversion process is based on ingenious combination of an electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction and a urea conversion reaction, efficient combination of urea and * OOH is achieved, high-purity solid percarbamide is generated, efficient separation and conversion of urea are achieved under the condition of low energy consumption, and the method is suitable for industrial production. The complex operation of the traditional process is avoided.

The present disclosure relates to an air electrode for a metal-air battery including a cobalt-manganese heterostructure, a metal-air battery including the same, and a method of preparing the cobalt-manganese heterostructure. A cobalt-manganese heterostructure according to embodiments of the present disclosure exhibits excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and durability as well as superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances including a high current density to RuO2 OER catalysts.

The invention relates to a platinum-zinc alloy supported nitrogen-doped porous multi-layer carbon material and preparation and application thereof, the carbon material takes a rod-like graded porous carbon nanomaterial as a carrier, and platinum-zinc alloy particles and zinc monatomic are jointly supported on the surface of the carrier; the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, adding zinc acetate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into DMF (Dimethyl Formamide), carrying out ultrasonic treatment, adding into a polyacrylonitrile solution, and stirring; s2, performing electrostatic spinning on the obtained spinning precursor solution; s3, adding the obtained nanofiber into a zinc acetate dihydrate solution, then adding a dimethylimidazole solution, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, soaking the obtained product in a chloroplatinic acid methanol solution, and then carrying out freeze drying; and S4, heating carbonization is carried out under the protection of an inert atmosphere, then annealing and cooling are carried out, and the PtZn-Zn-N4-HPCNFs material is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the catalytic performance and the like in the reaction processes of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), chlorine evolution reaction (CER) and the like can be effectively improved.

The invention provides a residual oil derived nitrogen-doped carbon loaded small-size intermetallic compound catalyst. The residual oil derived nitrogen-doped carbon loaded small-size intermetallic compound catalyst comprises residual oil derived nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon and an intermetallic compound loaded on the surface of the nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon. The prepared residual oil derived nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon with the carbon-rich network structure has rich pi sites, and a platinum-based binary intermetallic compound is loaded on the residual oil derived nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon by a simple impregnation reduction method. The residual oil derived nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon and a PtxMy intermetallic compound (M is Co, Fe and Cu) form a Pt-C bond, and the residual oil derived nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon has a strong anchoring effect and an electron transfer effect on metal. The average size of intermetallic compounds in the catalyst is 2.5-5nm, and the catalyst has high platinum utilization rate and shows excellent activity and stability when applied to oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).

The invention relates to a lithium ion conductive dense membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. The lithium ion conductive dense membrane comprises a polymer base membrane, ion conductive inorganic particles and a polymer solid electrolyte, the polymer base membrane is of a net structure; the Gurley value of the lithium ion conductive dense film is larger than or equal to 1000, and the porosity is smaller than or equal to 5%. The lithium ion conductive dense membrane provided by the invention has the advantages of high lithium ion conductivity, high transport efficiency and high lithium ion selectivity, and can be applied to electrodialysis lithium extraction. And under the action of external voltage, lithium ions are directionally migrated to the air negative electrode subjected to oxygen reduction reaction through the lithium ion conductive dense membrane to form a lithium hydroxide solution, and other metal hetero-ions are isolated on the positive electrode side by the lithium ion conductive dense membrane, so that lithium enrichment is realized. And meanwhile, transportation of the membrane to lithium ions does not depend on pores in the conductive membrane, so that the service life can be prolonged while the lithium ion separability and the transportation efficiency of the salt lake lithium extraction method are improved.

The invention discloses a layered structure solid oxide fuel cell composite cathode catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of solid oxide fuel cells. The invention aims to solve the problem that the electro-catalytic performance and low-oxygen reduction reaction activation energy of the existing medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell are poor. The Sr2. 9Ca0. 1Fe2O7-CuO composite cathode catalyst is prepared by adopting a sol-gel method and a solid phase method, the components in a sol-gel system are in a nanometer range, the reaction is easier to carry out, the reaction temperature is low, the prepared materials are uniformly mixed, and the sol-gel method is carried out in a solution, so that even if the content of doped elements is very low, the doping can be easily realized; the material is prepared by adopting a solid phase method, and the method has the advantages of convenience in operation, simple synthesis process, uniform particle size, no agglomeration of powder particles, good filling property, low cost, high yield and the like, so that the electrochemical performance of the cathode catalyst is improved, and the method is convenient to operate and suitable for industrial production.

The invention discloses a hexagonal bismuth phosphate modified indium zinc sulfide (ZIS / HBIP) composite catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst is applied to photocatalytic synthesis of HO. The indium zinc sulfide (ZIS) nano flower balls in the catalyst are prepared by a hydrothermal method, and then hexagonal bismuth phosphate (HBIP) is loaded on the surface of the ZIS by a room temperature precipitation method to obtain a series of ZIS / HBIP composite catalysts. ZIS and HBIP can effectively improve photo-induced electron-hole separation and transmission, improve the selectivity of direct two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2eORR) and inhibit HO decomposition. Experimental results show that when the theoretical dosage of HBIP is 0.01 mmol, the prepared ZIS / HBIP 0.01 has the optimal photocatalytic activity, the HO yield within 1 h can reach about 955 [mu] mol.g.h, and efficient synthesis of HO in pure water is achieved.

The invention discloses an electrode material for purifying and disinfecting drinking water as well as preparation and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of drinking water purification. An Ag nano structure and an Au nano structure are sequentially constructed on a plastic base material, the electrode material is endowed with excellent antibacterial and catalytic performance, the Ag nano structure is formed through acid treatment and precursor solution soaking, and the preliminary antibacterial performance is endowed; the antibacterial effect is enhanced by micro-emulsion soaking; the microemulsion A and the solution B are mixed to prepare a spraying solution, a stable Au nanostructure is formed after spraying, an electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction is promoted, the H2O2 generation efficiency is improved, hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid and acrylamide are used in cooperation, the Au dosage and the complexing temperature are adjusted, a microcosmic honeycomb structure is formed, and the H2O2 concentration is remarkably improved. The electrode material has antibacterial performance, also has excellent conductivity and catalytic activity, is stable in purification effect before and after use, can be repeatedly used, and has wide application prospects in the fields of drinking water purification and the like.

According to the heteroatom-doped carbon nanohorn catalyst and the preparation method and application thereof, doping elements are accurately introduced into a carbon nanohorn framework in the preparation process of the catalyst, a stable heterostructure is formed, two-dimensional adsorption and activation of O2 molecules on the surface of an electrode are effectively enhanced, a two-electron reduction path is remarkably promoted, and the heteroatom-doped carbon nanohorn catalyst is prepared. The four-electron reduction side reaction is inhibited, the H2O2 selectivity and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity are enhanced, and the H2O2 yield and the Faraday efficiency are remarkably improved. Meanwhile, the heteroatom-doped carbon nanohorn catalyst has high electrochemical stability in a chloride ion-containing system, shows excellent stability and corrosion resistance under a natural seawater condition, and is suitable for long-time continuous operation.

The invention provides a W-PtM / C catalyst for ORR and a preparation method of the W-PtM / C catalyst. The W-PtM / C catalyst comprises W, Pt, transition metal M and a carbon carrier, the mass fraction of W in the W-PtM / C catalyst is 0.1-5 wt%, the mass fraction of Pt in the W-PtM / C catalyst is 10-40 wt%, the mass fraction of transition metal M in the W-PtM / C catalyst is 3-20 wt%, and the balance is the carbon carrier. According to the W-PtM / C catalyst for ORR, a tungsten element is doped in a platinum-based alloy, the doped tungsten element can randomly replace transition metal M in crystal lattices, and meanwhile, due to the fact that the tungsten element has a special electronic structure, dissolution of Pt and the transition metal M in the oxygen reduction reaction process is effectively inhibited, and therefore on the basis that it is guaranteed that the W-PtM / C catalyst has high ORR activity, the W-PtM / C catalyst has the high ORR activity. And the ORR stability of the W-PtM / C catalyst is greatly improved.

The invention provides a high-entropy intermetallic compound bifunctional catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of energy materials. A wet chemical synthesis method and a controllable annealing process are combined to prepare the high-entropy intermetallic compound bifunctional catalyst, the catalyst comprises carbon-loaded platinum-cobalt-copper-tungsten-molybdenum five-element high-entropy alloy nanoparticles, the alloy nanoparticles have a high-entropy effect and an ordered structure at the same time, the particle size is 4-7 nm, and the particle size of the alloy nanoparticles is 4-7 nm. The molar ratio of metal atoms, namely platinum to cobalt to copper to tungsten to molybdenum, is 4: (1.75 to 2.5): (1.75 to 2.5): (0.01 to 0.5): (0.01 to 0.5). The platinum loading capacity in the catalyst is 20-70 wt%, the catalyst is used for oxygen reduction reaction catalysis of a cathode in a hydrogen fuel cell and / or methanol oxidation reaction catalysis of an anode in a direct methanol fuel cell, the half-wave potential in an acid medium exceeds a commercial Pt / C catalyst by 30 mV or above, and the methanol oxidation peak current density is 1.4-2.5 times that of the commercial Pt / C catalyst or a commercial PtRu / C catalyst.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a high-density iron-nitrogen-carbon monatomic catalyst. The method specifically comprises the following steps: S1, uniformly mixing nitrogen-doped carbon and ferrous oxalate; s2, in an inert atmosphere, carrying out a first pyrolytic reaction at 340-360 DEG C to obtain an intermediate, and meanwhile, carrying out etching on the carbon carrier by using CO2 gas generated by the reaction, so that a plurality of microporous structures are formed on the carbon carrier; s3, the intermediate continues to be subjected to a second pyrolytic reaction in the inert atmosphere at the temperature of 850-950 DEG C, the FeOx nano-particles are converted into Fe-N4 active sites, and a pyrolytic product is obtained; and S4, naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-density iron-nitrogen-carbon monatomic catalyst. Superfine ferric oxide (FeOx) nano-particles are generated through a precursor to serve as intermediates, carbon defects are created through CO2 gas released in the decomposition process of the FeOx nano-particles, and therefore the oxygen reduction reaction performance of the catalyst is remarkably improved, and the catalyst is applied to fuel cells.

The invention provides a carbon-loaded small-size spherical platinum-based alloy catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of fuel cells. The carbon-loaded small-size spherical platinum-based alloy catalyst is synthesized by a one-step solvothermal reduction method. In the synthesis process of the platinum-copper alloy catalyst, the synthesis of spherical nanoparticles is realized by introducing gallium and gold and utilizing the induction effect of the gallium, and under the synergistic effect of the gallium and the gold, the agglomeration of platinum-based nanoparticles is inhibited, and the formation of small-size platinum-based alloy nanoparticles is realized; meanwhile, the introduction of gallium and gold leads to further decline of the d-band center of platinum, so that the electron structure of platinum is regulated and controlled to optimize the adsorption and desorption capability of platinum on the oxygen-containing intermediate. Under the combined action of size effect, morphology regulation and control and electronic structure optimization, the electro-catalytic oxygen reduction reaction performance of the catalyst is improved. The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the size and morphology of the catalyst, and the catalyst is simple in preparation method and suitable for batch production and application.

The invention relates to the technical field of intermetallic compound catalysts, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a hexagonal layered Pt-Bi intermetallic compound nanocrystalline catalyst, which comprises the following steps: weighing octadecene and oleylamine, and mixing to obtain a solution A; platinum acetylacetonate, bismuth acetate, ascorbic acid and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide are weighed and sequentially poured into the solution A, and a solution B is obtained through mixing and ultrasonic treatment; heating and preserving heat of the solution B, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a turbid liquid C; and measuring cyclohexane and ethanol, sequentially pouring into the turbid liquid C, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at room temperature for 3 minutes, then pouring out supernate, repeating for 2-3 times, collecting a product, and drying to obtain the nanocrystalline catalyst. According to the invention, the electron interaction between bimetallic components is utilized, the electron structure of a catalytic active center is optimized, the interaction between the active structure and reaction active species is enhanced, the evolution kinetics of a plurality of reaction intermediates such as * O and * OOH in the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction can be obviously accelerated, and the kinetics rate of the four-electron oxygen reduction reaction is improved.

The invention provides a carbon-supported platinum-cobalt-copper multifunctional alloy catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of energy materials. Wherein the nanocarbon carrier solution is mixed with a chloroplatinic acid solution, a cobalt chloride solution and a copper chloride solution, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added to adjust the pH value, ultrasonic dispersion and stirring are performed to obtain turbid liquid, and the molar ratio of platinum ions to cobalt ions to copper ions is 2: (0.5-1): (0.5-1); then, putting the turbid liquid into a reaction kettle, and reacting at 120-250 DEG C for 1-6 hours to obtain a black colloidal solution; then filtering, washing and drying the black colloidal solution to obtain black powder; and finally, carrying out acid treatment on the black powder, and grinding to obtain the carbon-loaded platinum-cobalt-copper multifunctional alloy catalyst. The catalyst is used for catalyzing an oxygen reduction reaction of a cathode in a hydrogen fuel cell and / or a methanol fuel cell, and / or catalyzing a methanol oxidation reaction of an anode in a direct methanol fuel cell.

The invention relates to the field of metal corrosion behavior monitoring and characterization, in particular to a rapid evaluation method for a material corrosion rate and influence factors in a high-level radioactive waste geological disposal environment. According to the method, two indexes are obtained based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement and relaxation time distribution analysis, namely an impedance modulus value Z0.01 Hz value corresponding to 0.01 Hz and a time constant log (tau / s) value corresponding to a dissolved oxygen reduction reaction. The Z0.01 Hz value and the log (tau / s) value when the material enters anaerobic corrosion from aerobic corrosion are taken as critical points, whether the material is in an aerobic corrosion state, a low-oxygen corrosion state or an anaerobic corrosion state is judged according to the measured Z0.01 Hz value and log (tau / s) value, and the coverage degree of corrosion products on the surface of the material and whether oxygen leakage occurs in a treatment environment are also judged. The method is suitable for rapidly evaluating the material corrosion rate and influence factors in the high-level radioactive waste geological disposal environment, and has the characteristics of simplicity, high operability, high accuracy and good long-term stability.

The invention discloses a high-entropy spinel oxide loaded graphene catalyst, a preparation method thereof and a flexible zinc air battery, and belongs to the technical field of electrocatalysis. The high-entropy spinel oxide loaded graphene catalyst is a (FeCrCuNiMn) 3O4 / rGO composite material, the (FeCrCuNiMn) 3O4 is a high-entropy oxide with a spinel type structure, and the rGO is reduced graphene oxide. The catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and has relatively high electrochemical activity, stability and conductivity. In a low-temperature environment, the flexible zinc-air battery driven by the catalyst can significantly reduce battery polarization in charging and discharging processes, the power density of the flexible zinc-air battery is improved, and the overall performance and low-temperature adaptability of the battery are effectively improved. And the requirements of high efficiency and low-temperature adaptability of the flexible zinc-air battery at low temperature are met.

The invention discloses a porous carbon catalyst embedded with high-density alloy nanoparticles as well as a preparation method and application of the porous carbon catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells or water electrolysis catalytic materials. The porous carbon catalyst embedded with the high-density alloy nanoparticles is a nitrogen and oxygen co-doped carbon carrier which has a porous structure and is partially graphitized, the high-density and high-crystallinity alloy nanoparticles which are uniformly dispersed are embedded in the carbon carrier, and the particle size distribution is below 6nm. According to the porous carbon catalyst embedded with the high-density alloy nanoparticles, the dispersity and the utilization rate of the metal alloy nanoparticles are remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the conductivity and the stability of a carbon carrier are improved, so that the catalytic activity of the carbon carrier in an oxygen reduction reaction and an oxygen evolution reaction in an alkaline medium is effectively enhanced; the catalyst has very excellent bifunctional oxygen catalysis performance, and has a wide application prospect in the field of renewable energy source conversion and storage.

The invention discloses a confinement composite nano-enzyme enhanced electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for detecting tumor necrosis factors and a construction method and application of the immunosensor. The immunosensor is a three-electrode system, and liquid to be detected contains luminol; wherein the working electrode is obtained by covalently immobilizing a tumor necrosis factor specific antibody after an SNF epoxy modified electrode is subjected to confinement of Ni (OH) 2-CeO2 composite nano-enzyme and then closing a non-specific site. The Ni (OH) 2-CeO2 composite nano-enzyme is confined in a nano-channel, the Ni (OH) 2-CeO2 composite nano-enzyme and the nano-channel can synergistically accelerate the process of an oxygen reduction reaction, the modification stability of the nano-enzyme is effectively improved, and a formed immune complex causes increase of interface resistance and steric hindrance of a sensing electrode to cause signal reduction; therefore, high-sensitivity detection of the tumor necrosis factor is realized, and the constructed sensor has the advantages of low detection limit, wide detection range and the like, and is very suitable for being widely applied to the fields of auxiliary clinical diagnosis, large-scale screening, health monitoring and the like.

The invention discloses a Joule thermal preparation method of a carbon-supported high-entropy sulfide catalyst and application of the carbon-supported high-entropy sulfide catalyst in a zinc-air battery. A metal chlorine salt solution is used as a metal precursor, and sulfur is used as a sulfur source. Sulfur, carbon powder and a metal chlorine salt solution are uniformly mixed and loaded on a conductive carrier, and Joule heat treatment is carried out. Instantaneous high temperature acts on a carbon-supported metal precursor, the metal precursor is decomposed, S8 is decomposed into high-activity S2 gas, diffusion of sulfur atoms is accelerated at high temperature, combination of S2 and reduced metal atoms is promoted, sulfide bonds are formed, meanwhile, segregation is inhibited through rapid cooling, and finally the uniform single-phase carbon-supported high-entropy sulfide catalyst is formed. The uniformly distributed carbon-loaded high-entropy sulfide catalyst is prepared by Joule thermal pyrolysis, the preparation method is simple, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the catalyst can simultaneously catalyze an oxygen reduction reaction and an oxygen evolution reaction, is used as a bifunctional catalyst for a zinc-air battery, has excellent catalytic activity and stability, and is easy to popularize and use.

Systems and methods of the various embodiments may provide device architectures for batteries. In various embodiments, these may be primary or secondary batteries. In various embodiments these devices may be useful for energy storage. Various embodiments may provide a battery including an Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) electrode, an Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) electrode, a metal electrode; and an electrolyte separating the ORR electrode and the OER electrode from the metal electrode.

The invention relates to the field of inorganic functional materials, and particularly discloses a corrosion-resistant layered Pt-C catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The nitrogen-doped carbon carrier, the spinel oxide and the Pt nanoparticles are arranged to form a novel corrosion-resistant catalyst, and through the synergistic effect of the spinel oxide AB2O4 and the nitrogen-doped carbon carrier N-Carbon, the electron cloud density on the surface of the carbon carrier is effectively reduced, the carbon corrosion problem of traditional Pt / C under high potential is inhibited, and the carrier stability is remarkably improved; spinel oxide is used as an anchoring point of platinum nanoparticles, the migration energy barrier of the platinum nanoparticles is improved, the platinum utilization rate is improved through an in-situ precipitation process, the comprehensive cost is reduced compared with commercial Pt / C, and due to the fact that the production process is simple and the production period is short, the production cost is reduced. The catalyst shows excellent oxygen reduction reaction catalytic activity and stability in zinc-air cells and fuel cells, the preparation method is simple, special equipment is not needed, and the catalyst has good industrial amplification potential.