Method for preparing carbon nanofiber based non-noble-metal catalyst through oxidation improved electrostatic spinning

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a carbon nanofiber-based non-noble-metal catalyst through oxidation improved electrostatic spinning in the technical field of carbon nanofibers and fuel cell catalysts. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: dissolving at least one transition metal salt and polyacrylonitrile in a solvent to form a precursor solution; carrying out electrostatic spinning on the precursor solution under certain parameter conditions to obtain iron-containing polyacrylonitrile nanofibers; and heat treating the iron-containing polyacrylonitrile nanofibers in an atmosphere containing a small amount of oxidizing gas to obtain carbon nanofibers containing transition metal and nitrogen element and improved by the small amount of oxidizing gas. According to the method, the cost of the raw materials is low, the operation is convenient and controllable, the operation is easy, the surface structure of the catalyst can be regulated and controlled, and the prepared oxidation improved carbon nanofiber based non-noble-metal catalyst has good catalytic activity on oxygen reduction reaction. The whole preparation process can be combined with a traditional carbon fiber technique, and the method has a prospect that large scale and industrialization of the non-noble metal catalyst can be realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon nanofibers and fuel cell catalysts, in particular to a method for preparing carbon nanofiber-based non-precious metal catalysts by oxidation-improved electrospinning. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a kind of fuel (mainly H 2 , methanol and ethanol, etc.) in a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy, in which the fuel is oxidized under the action of the negative catalyst and releases electrons to the external circuit, and the generated protons pass through the proton exchange membrane (mainly Membrane, manufactured by DuPont Company) reaches the positive electrode, and oxygen is reduced under the action of the positive electrode catalyst to combine the electrons provided by the external circuit and the protons provided by the proton exchange membrane to form water. This conversion process can achieve a high energy conversion rate because it ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although these technologies can obtain catalysts with good performance, non-precious metal catalysts still face some problems: their catalytic activity per unit volume is still not high enough; the price of raw materials for preparation is relatively high; although carbon black with high specific surface area is used, this The impregnation method will cause a decrease in the specific surface; the production process is not conducive to large-scale industrialization, etc.

However, there are few descriptions of the parameters of the entire electrospinning process, and the stability and repeatability of the entire electrospinning process are not good.

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