A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns and its construction process

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tower crane attachment system for connecting to a box-shaped steel column, belonging to the field of building construction technology. The system comprises a prefabricated column connector and a plurality of prefabricated friction-dissipation attachment rods, through which the tower crane is attached to the box-shaped steel column. This system effectively reduces structural damage to the steel column caused by tower crane attachment construction, while ensuring the safety and reliability of the main structure and tower crane under over-defense conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tower crane attachment system connected with a box-shaped steel column, belonging to the technical field of building construction. Background Art

[0002] As a highly industrialized structural system, steel structures have received strong national support and promotion due to their technical advantages, including high material strength, light weight, high prefabrication rate, and short construction periods. During steel structure construction, tower cranes are required to hoist prefabricated steel beams, columns, floor slabs, and wall panels. As building height increases, tower cranes must be connected to the main structure with tie rods at regular intervals to ensure overall crane stability and prevent accidents such as overturning or collapse during construction.

[0003] Exterior walls in steel structures are often constructed with lightweight masonry blocks or prefabricated wall panels, which primarily serve to fill and divide the structure. These walls lack reliable attachment points for cranes. Therefore, steel structure construction typically requires welding lugs to the steel columns to which they are attached. These lugs connect the crane's attachment rods to the columns through the lugs. After construction is complete, the lugs typically need to be removed to meet aesthetic requirements for the building's facade and subsequent renovations. This on-site welding and removal of lugs can easily damage the steel columns, compromising the reliability of the main structure. Furthermore, when constructing high-rise buildings, wind loads on cranes increase significantly with building height. In the event of a hurricane or earthquake exceeding design conditions, significant interaction forces can occur between the crane and the main structure, potentially leading to buckling instability of the attachment rods or, in severe cases, direct structural damage to the attached steel columns or crane components.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a tower crane attachment system that is harmless to the steel columns and can effectively protect the main structure and tower crane under super-defense conditions, thereby improving the safety of the steel structure construction process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the structural damage to the steel column caused by tower crane attachment construction and to ensure the safety and reliability of the main structure and tower crane under super-defense working conditions, a fully assembled tower crane attachment system with energy dissipation and vibration reduction functions is proposed.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns, which is special in that it includes an assembled column connector 1 and a plurality of assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rods 2. The tower crane is attached to the box-shaped steel column via the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rods 2 and the assembled column connector 1.

[0008] The assembled column body connector 1 is assembled by two channel steels 6 covered with a friction material layer, a front cover plate 7, and a rear cover plate 8 through high-strength bolts. The assembled column body connector 1 is fastened to the outside of the box-type steel column;

[0009] The assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod 2 is composed of an H-shaped steel tenon 4 and a double T-shaped steel mortise 5 with friction material 3 adhered to both sides of the web, assembled by high-strength bolts;

[0010] The H-shaped steel tenon 4 is partially inserted into the double T-shaped steel mortise 5, and the two are assembled and positioned by high-strength bolts. During the assembly process, the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod 2 is adjusted by adjusting the combined length of the H-shaped steel tenon 4 and the T-shaped steel mortise 5.

[0011] Preferably, the H-shaped steel tenon 4 includes an H-shaped steel 9 in an elongated strip, a first steel end plate 10 is fixed to one end of the H-shaped steel 9, a first horizontal connecting plate 11 is fixed to the other side of the first end plate 10, a first pin hole 12 is opened on the first connecting plate 11, a double row of oblong bolt holes 13 are opened on the web 9-1 of the H-shaped steel 9, and friction material 3 is adhered to both sides of the web 9-1;

[0012] Preferably, the double T-shaped steel mortise 5 includes two T-shaped steels 14 symmetrically arranged on the left and right, with a gap left between the two T-shaped steels 14, one end of each of the two T-shaped steels 14 is fixed to a second steel end plate 15, a second horizontal connecting plate 16 is installed on the other side of the second end plate 15, a second pin hole 17 is installed on the horizontal second connecting plate 16, the height of the vertical plate 14-1 of the T-shaped steel 14 is consistent with the net height of the web 9-1 of the H-shaped steel 9, and two rows of standard circular holes 18 are correspondingly opened on the vertical plate 14-1, and a plurality of tie rod holes 19 are spaced apart on the horizontal plate 14-2 of the T-shaped steel 14;

[0013] Preferably, the spacing between the tie rod holes 19 is 2-3m, and the standard round holes 18 on the vertical plate 14-1 and the tie rod holes 19 on the horizontal plate 14-2 are staggered as much as possible;

[0014] Preferably, the gap size is the sum of the thickness of the web 9 - 1 of the H-shaped steel 9 and the thickness of the friction material 3 on both sides of the web 9 - 1 ;

[0015] Preferably, the two channel steels 6 and the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 8 of the assembled column shaft connector 1 are respectively provided with standard bolt holes, and the channel steel 6 and the front cover plate 7 and the rear cover plate 8 are all adhered with a friction material layer 25 on the side close to the box-shaped steel column. The front cover plate 7 has two ear plates 20 welded to the outer side, and the ear plates 20 have two third pin shaft holes 21.

[0016] Preferably, the width of the channel steel 6 is 0.5-1 mm smaller than the width of the box-shaped steel column.

[0017] The construction process of a tower crane attachment system applicable to a box-shaped steel column of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0018] 1. Determine and adjust the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod 2 according to the distance and angle between the tower crane and the box-shaped steel column. Connect the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 16 at both ends of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod 2 to the ear plates on the box-shaped steel column and the tower crane respectively through pins, thereby achieving reliable attachment of the tower crane to the box-shaped steel column.

[0019] The specific steps for adjusting the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod 2 are as follows:

[0020] Insert the H-shaped steel tenon 4 into the double T-shaped steel mortise 5, and adjust the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod 2 by adjusting the combined length of the H-shaped steel tenon 4 and the T-shaped steel mortise 5. Specifically, the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod 2 is adjusted through the oblong bolt hole 13 on the web 9-1 of the H-shaped steel 9. After adjusting to the appropriate length, use high-strength bolts to position the two and apply tightening torque according to the specification requirements to make the web 9-1 of the H-shaped steel 9 and the vertical plate 14-1 of the T-shaped steel 14 fit tightly;

[0021] When the double T-shaped steel mortise 5 overhanging section is too long, a filler plate 22 is added between the two vertical plates 14-1 of the T-shaped steel 14 and connected with high-strength bolts to increase the integrity and stability of the double T-shaped steel mortise 5;

[0022] 2. When there is a large cantilever plate in the main structure or the tower crane is far away from the attached box-type steel column, use angle steel 23 or channel steel member 24 to connect the independently working assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rods 2 into a truss system through the tie rod holes 19 on the transverse plate of T-shaped steel 9, thereby increasing the degree of constraint of the attachment rods and further improving the stability and bearing capacity of the entire attachment system.

[0023] The tower crane attachment system and construction process applicable to box-shaped steel columns of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) All components of the attachment system proposed in the present invention adopt assembly technology, which will not only not cause any damage to the steel column during the construction process, but also play a certain role in strengthening and protecting the column body.

[0025] (2) The assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod in the attachment system of the present invention can realize large and small adjustments of the working length more conveniently, is easy to construct and can be reused.

[0026] (3) The assembled friction energy-absorbing attachment rod in the attachment system proposed in the present invention can achieve vibration reduction / shock effect by consuming its own energy under extreme working conditions, which can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the main structure and tower crane under extreme working conditions. After the extreme working conditions, only the friction material needs to be replaced and the attachment rod can be put into use again. It has technical advantages such as low cost and easy maintenance.

[0027] (4) The attachment tie rods proposed in the present invention can be easily combined into a truss system, which can effectively improve the stability and bearing capacity of the attachment system, and are particularly suitable for working conditions where the tower crane and the attached steel column are far apart. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod of the present invention without adding a filler plate;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod according to the present invention with a filler plate added;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 1-1 schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 2-2 schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 2 3-3 cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the double T-shaped steel mortise 5;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of two T-shaped steels;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 6 1-1 schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0036] Figure 9 for Figure 6 2-2 schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0037] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of an H-shaped steel tenon;

[0038] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the H-shaped steel tenon;

[0039] Figure 12 for Figure 10 1-1 schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0040] Figure 13This is a structural diagram of the assembled column connector installed on the box-type steel column;

[0041] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Exploded view of

[0042] Figure 15 It is a cross-sectional view of an assembled column connector;

[0043] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the attachment of the tower crane to the box-type steel column;

[0044] Figure 17 for Figure 16 1-1 schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0045] Figure 18 for Figure 17 2-2 sectional structural diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0047] A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns in this embodiment: Figure 1 To the attached Figure 18 , you can follow these steps:

[0048] The first step is the manufacture of H-shaped steel tenon 4, as shown in the attached Figure 10-12 As shown, the H-shaped tenon is composed of a first steel connecting plate 11, a first steel end plate 10, and an H-shaped steel 9. The first connecting plate 11 is provided with a first pin hole 12, and the web 9-1 of the H-shaped steel 9 is provided with a double row of oblong bolt holes 13. The first connecting plate 11, first end plate 10, and H-shaped steel 9 are welded together to form a single piece. Friction material 3 is then applied to both sides of the web 9-1 of the H-shaped steel 9 to complete the manufacture of the H-shaped tenon 4. The H-shaped steel 9 is preferably made from finished hot-rolled H-shaped steel. If the finished steel does not meet the dimensional requirements, it can also be welded from three steel plates.

[0049] The second step is the manufacture of double T-shaped steel mortise, as shown in the attached Figure 6-9The double T-shaped steel mortise 5 is composed of a second steel connecting plate 16, a second steel end plate 15, and two T-shaped steels 14. The height of the vertical plate 14-1 of the T-shaped steel 14 is consistent with the net height of the web 9-1 of the H-shaped steel 9. Two rows of standard circular holes 18 are correspondingly opened on the vertical plate 14-1 of the T-shaped steel 14. The horizontal plate 14-2 of the T-shaped steel 14 is opened with tie rod holes 19. The tie rod holes 19 are recommended to be spaced 2-3 meters apart. The standard circular holes 18 on the vertical plate 14-1 and the tie rod holes 19 on the horizontal plate 14-2 should be staggered as much as possible to prevent excessive weakening of the T-shaped steel 14 on the same cross section, thereby affecting its bearing capacity. The second end plate 15, the second connecting plate 16 and the two T-shaped steels 14 are welded together to form a double T-shaped steel mortise 5, wherein a gap should be left between the two T-shaped steels 14, and the gap value is the sum of the thickness of the H-shaped steel web 9-1 and the thickness of the friction material 3 on both sides of the web 9-1.

[0050] The third step is to assemble the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod, as shown in the following figure. Figure 1-5 As shown. Insert the H-shaped steel tenon 4 into the double T-shaped steel mortise 5, position the two with high-strength bolts and apply tightening torque according to the specification requirements, so that the H-shaped steel web 9-1 and the T-shaped steel vertical plate 14-1 fit tightly together, thereby establishing a friction force that meets the design requirements. During the assembly process, the combined length of the H-shaped steel tenon 4 and the T-shaped steel mortise 5 can be adjusted to significantly adjust the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod. The oblong bolt hole 13 on the H-shaped steel web 9-1 not only provides travel space for the mutual sliding and friction energy dissipation of the H-shaped steel 9 and the T-shaped steel 14, but also allows for fine-tuning of the working length of the attachment rod, so that the proposed friction energy dissipation attachment rod has the technical advantages of easy adjustment of the working length and reusability. When the overhanging section of the double T-shaped steel mortise 5 is too long, a filler plate 22 can be added between the two T-shaped steel vertical plates 14-1 and connected with high-strength bolts, thereby increasing the integrity and stability of the double T-shaped steel mortise.

[0051] The fourth step is the manufacture and positioning assembly of the assembled column connector, as shown in the attached Figure 13-15 As shown. The prefabricated column connector primarily consists of left and right steel channel steels 6, as well as front and rear cover plates 7 and 8. Standard bolt holes are provided on the left and right channel steels 6, the front and rear cover plates 7 and 8. A friction material layer 25 is adhered to the channel steels 6 and the cover plates on the side closest to the column. The width of the left and right channel steels 6 can be 0.5-1mm smaller than the width of the box column. This allows for greater vertical anti-slip force between the connector and the column after tightening the bolts, preventing the connector and tower crane attachment rod from sliding under their own weight during operation. Two lugs 20 are welded to the outer side of the front cover plate, each with two third pin holes 21. Once the components are fabricated, the left and right channel steels and the front and rear cover plates are positioned and assembled at the target column location using high-strength bolts according to the designed height of the tower crane attachment point, completing the installation of the prefabricated column connector.

[0052] The fifth step is to attach the tower crane to the box-shaped steel column. Figure 16-18 As shown. The working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod 2 is determined and adjusted based on the distance and angle between the tower crane and the box-shaped steel column. The connecting plates at both ends of the attachment rod are connected to the steel column and the ear plates on the tower crane via pins, thereby achieving reliable attachment of the tower crane to the box-shaped steel column. When the main structure has a large overhang plate or the tower crane is far away from the attached steel column due to other reasons, the independently working assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rods can be connected into a truss system using steel members such as angle steel 23 or channel steel 24 through the tie rod holes 19 on the T-shaped steel cross plates. This increases the degree of constraint on the attachment rods and, in turn, improves the stability and load-bearing capacity of the entire attachment system.

Claims

1. A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns, characterized in that It includes an assembled column connector and multiple assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rods. The tower crane is attached to the box-shaped steel column through the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rods and the assembled column connector. The assembled column body connector is assembled by two channel steels covered with a friction material layer and a front cover plate and a rear cover plate through high-strength bolts. The assembled column body connector is fastened to the outside of the box-shaped steel column; The assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod is composed of an H-shaped steel tenon and a double T-shaped steel mortise with friction material adhered on both sides of the web, assembled by high-strength bolts; The H-shaped steel tenon is partially inserted into the double T-shaped steel mortise, and the two are assembled and positioned by high-strength bolts. During the assembly process, the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod is adjusted by adjusting the combined length of the H-shaped steel tenon and the T-shaped steel mortise; The double T-shaped steel mortise includes two T-shaped steels arranged symmetrically on the left and right, with a gap left between the two T-shaped steels. One end of the two T-shaped steels is fixed to the second steel end plate. A horizontal second connecting plate is installed on the other side of the second end plate. A second pin shaft hole is installed on the horizontal second connecting plate. The height of the vertical plate of the T-shaped steel is consistent with the net height of the web of the H-shaped steel, and two rows of standard circular holes are correspondingly opened on the vertical plate. A plurality of tie rod holes are spaced apart on the horizontal plate of the T-shaped steel.

2. A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that The H-shaped steel tenon includes an H-shaped steel in the form of a long strip, a first steel end plate is fixed to one end of the H-shaped steel, a horizontal first connecting plate is fixed to the other side of the first end plate, a first pin shaft hole is opened on the first connecting plate, a double row of oblong bolt holes are opened on the web of the H-shaped steel, and friction material is adhered to both sides of the web.

3. A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that The spacing between the tie rod holes is 2-3m, and the standard round holes on the vertical plate and the tie rod holes on the horizontal plate are staggered as much as possible.

4. A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that The size of the gap is the sum of the thickness of the web of the H-shaped steel and the thickness of the friction material on both sides of the web.

5. A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns according to claim 1, characterized in that Standard bolt holes are correspondingly opened on the two channel steels and the front cover plate and the rear cover plate of the assembled column body connector. The channel steel and the front cover plate and the rear cover plate are all covered with a friction material layer on the side close to the box-type steel column. Two ear plates are welded on the outer side of the front cover plate, and two third pin shaft holes are opened on the ear plates.

6. A tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns according to claim 5, characterized in that The width of the channel steel is 0.5-1 mm smaller than the width of the box-shaped steel column.

7. A construction process for a tower crane attachment system suitable for a box-shaped steel column according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) Determine and adjust the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod based on the distance and angle between the tower crane and the box-shaped steel column. Connect the first and second connecting plates at both ends of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod to the box-shaped steel column and the ear plates on the tower crane through pins, thereby achieving reliable attachment of the tower crane to the box-shaped steel column. 2) When there is a large cantilever plate in the main structure or the tower crane is far away from the attached box-type steel column, use angle steel or channel steel components to connect the independently working assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rods into a truss system through the tie rod holes on the T-shaped steel cross plate, thereby increasing the degree of constraint of the attachment rods and thus improving the stability and bearing capacity of the entire attachment system.

8. The construction process of a tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns according to claim 7, characterized in that The specific steps for adjusting the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod in step 1) are as follows: Insert the H-shaped steel tenon into the double T-shaped steel mortise, and adjust the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod by adjusting the combined length of the H-shaped steel tenon and the T-shaped steel mortise. Specifically, the working length of the assembled friction energy dissipation attachment rod is adjusted through the oblong bolt holes on the web of the H-shaped steel. After adjusting to the appropriate length, use high-strength bolts to position the two and apply tightening torque according to the specifications to make the web of the H-shaped steel and the vertical plate of the T-shaped steel fit tightly.

9. The construction process of a tower crane attachment system suitable for box-shaped steel columns according to claim 7, characterized in that When the overhanging section of the double T-shaped steel mortise in step 1) is too long, a filler plate is added between the two T-shaped steel vertical plates and connected with high-strength bolts to increase the integrity and stability of the double T-shaped steel mortise.

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