A stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a stepped, water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure and construction method, relating to the technical field of road construction. The structure comprises a foam lightweight soil layer, an asphalt waterproof layer, a permeable structural layer, and a base, sequentially arranged below the pavement structure. The permeable structural layer is stepped, and a waste tire frame is provided on the slope side of the permeable structural layer. The permeable structural layer comprises multiple transversely connected permeable, lightweight, porous structural layers, with the permeability coefficients of the permeable, lightweight, porous structural layers decreasing sequentially from the water-inflowing side of the road to the other side. Multiple waste tires are distributed within the base, and steel pipe piles are vertically arranged with one end embedded within the waste tire cavities. The waste tires are filled with dense sand and gravel, and a crushed stone concrete layer is filled between adjacent waste tires and between the steel pipe piles. The present invention utilizes stepped filling to mitigate excessive scouring of the roadbed caused by excessive water velocity when water flows from one side of the road. Furthermore, the structure can coordinate with centralized drainage channels to accelerate embankment drainage when water flows from one side of the road.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of road construction, and in particular to a stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Permeable roadbeds are widely used to meet traffic safety requirements for lateral drainage and to prevent flooding. Common permeable roadbeds are mostly made of highly permeable rockfill. This is feasible for mountainous roads, as materials are readily available and economical. However, this approach is challenging in plain areas, as the transportation costs are high.

[0003] At present, different permeable lightweight roadbed types have been proposed in the prior art. For example, CN208949664U discloses a lightweight permeable road structure, which can quickly drain rainfall into underground ditches through the cooperation of cement gravel permeable pavement structure, lightweight foam concrete roadbed, gravel permeable horizontal flow layer and drainage blind ditch. However, this technical solution can only drain the surface water of the road, and cannot achieve the permeability when water comes from the side of the road. It is not suitable for highway construction in flood storage areas, along rivers, and along rivers. CN104727341B discloses a one-way permeable riverside roadbed retaining wall, which has drainage holes running through the wall surface and a one-way permeable material layer on the back of the wall. This design scheme discharges the water that penetrates the retaining wall through the drainage holes and the permeable material layer, which can effectively control the entry and exit of water and reduce the occurrence of roadbed water damage. However, this roadbed retaining wall requires high foundation bearing capacity, suffers from significant post-construction settlement and deformation, and the drainage hole discharge rate does not meet operational requirements. Furthermore, the cost of cleaning and maintaining the drainage holes is high. CN114016351B discloses a rainwater rapid infiltration roadbed pavement structure that can drain infiltrated rainwater into the mountain through a drainage network and effectively prevent surface rainwater from draining directly into the mountain below. However, this type of structure is only suitable for draining surface water and is not effective for lateral inflow. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a stepped permeable and pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure and construction method. By adopting stepped filling, when water comes on one side of the road, it can reduce excessive scouring of the roadbed caused by excessive water flow velocity; when water comes on one side of the road, it can cooperate with the centralized drainage channel to accelerate the drainage of the embankment, thereby avoiding the hazards of flooding the road surface and water damage to the roadbed caused by poor permeability and poor drainage of the embankment; the permeable structural layer is assembled by permeable porous lightweight concrete prefabricated components, which not only has good integrity, but also can reduce additional stress on the foundation and post-construction settlement, and can improve the safety and economy of the road.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a stepped, water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure, comprising a foam lightweight soil layer, an asphalt waterproof layer, a water-permeable structural layer, and a base, sequentially arranged below a pavement structure. The water-permeable structural layer is stepped, and a waste tire frame is provided on the slope side of the water-permeable structural layer. The water-permeable structural layer comprises a plurality of water-permeable, lightweight, porous structural layers sequentially spliced ​​laterally, and the permeability coefficients of the water-permeable, lightweight, porous structural layers decrease sequentially from one side of the road water inflow to the other.

[0007] A plurality of waste tires are evenly distributed in the base, one end of the steel pipe pile is buried in the waste tire cavity and is arranged vertically; the interior of the waste tire is filled with dense sand and gravel, and a crushed stone concrete layer is filled between adjacent waste tires and between the steel pipe piles.

[0008] As a further implementation method, the slope side of the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer located at the edge is set to be stepped; and adjacent water-permeable lightweight porous structure layers are plug-fitted.

[0009] As a further implementation method, the contact surfaces of adjacent water-permeable lightweight porous structure layers are concave-convex surfaces.

[0010] As a further implementation method, a transverse drainage hose with a set slope is provided in the permeable structural layer, and multiple transverse drainage hoses are arranged vertically.

[0011] As a further implementation, the bottom end of the horizontal drainage hose is connected to a vertical drainage hose, and the vertical drainage hose is used to collect the water flow in the horizontal drainage hose into the water collection ditch.

[0012] As a further implementation method, the waste tire frame is formed by connecting multiple waste tires in sequence to form a grid structure, and adjacent waste tires in the waste tire frame are connected by connecting pieces.

[0013] As a further implementation method, the connecting member is a prestressed steel strand, and both ends of the prestressed steel strand are anchored to the outer edge of the waste tire through anchor bolts.

[0014] As a further implementation method, the connecting member is a steel wire rope and an anchor bolt, and the steel wire rope is bundled between adjacent waste tires and fixed with the anchor bolt.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a construction method for a stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure, comprising:

[0016] Place the waste tires at the predetermined locations and reserve positions for the steel pipe piles; drive the steel pipe piles vertically;

[0017] Laying of crushed stone concrete layer;

[0018] The permeable lightweight porous structure layers are overlapped by layered masonry, and the adjacent permeable lightweight porous structure layers are filled with permeable mortar;

[0019] After the permeable structure layer is laid and laid, an asphalt waterproof layer of a set thickness is sprayed on top of the permeable structure layer;

[0020] After the asphalt waterproof layer is hardened, pour the foam lightweight soil layer according to the required height;

[0021] The base layer and surface layer are paved, the gravel slope is constructed and the connected waste tire frames are laid, the waste tire cavities are filled with sand and gravel, the slope is repaired and the embankment structure construction is completed.

[0022] As a further implementation method, gaps are left between adjacent steel pipe piles, and the upper ends of the steel pipe piles are higher than the tops of the waste tires; the paving height of the crushed stone concrete layer is higher than the upper ends of the steel pipe piles.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) The permeable structural layer of the present invention is stepped as a whole, and is composed of multiple permeable lightweight porous structural layers spliced ​​together in the transverse direction, and the permeability coefficient decreases successively. The stepped slope protection filling can effectively reduce the erosion of the roadbed by lateral water, thereby ensuring the quality and stability of the embankment; the foam lightweight soil layer is located above the asphalt waterproof layer, and mainly plays a bearing and shock absorption role; the asphalt waterproof layer is laid above the permeable structural layer to prevent groundwater from seeping back to the road surface; by arranging the pavement structure, foam lightweight soil layer, asphalt waterproof layer, permeable structural layer and base in sequence from top to bottom, the integrity of the lightweight embankment structure can be increased, and the cooperation of each layer can effectively reduce the additional stress of the foundation and the settlement after construction, and reduce the uneven settlement, undulation, cracks and other defects of the road surface.

[0025] (2) A drainage system is provided in the permeable structural layer of the present invention. The permeable structural layer can better cooperate with the centralized drainage system to accelerate the drainage of the embankment, and discharge the groundwater that affects the strength and stability of the roadbed out of the highway in a timely manner, so that the roadbed always remains dry, solid and stable, thereby improving the service life of the embankment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

[0028] Figure 2 is a top view of a waste tire frame according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal drainage hose arrangement according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of layered masonry of foam lightweight soil layers according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. Pavement structure; 2. Foam lightweight soil layer; 3. Asphalt waterproof layer; 4. Permeable lightweight porous structure layer I; 5. Permeable lightweight porous structure layer II; 6. Permeable lightweight porous structure layer III; 7. Waste tires; 8. Horizontal drainage hose; 9. Gravel slope; 10. Steel pipe piles; 11. Ditch; 12. Gravel concrete layer; 13. Base; 14. Prestressed steel strand; 15. Gasket; 16. Anchor bolts; 17. Waste tire frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, a stepped permeable pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure is given.

[0034] In order to overcome the problem of high transportation cost of stone-fill roadbed in plain areas, although there are some permeable lightweight roadbed types, the lateral drainage effect of most permeable lightweight roadbeds is not obvious, and there are problems such as poor embankment permeability.

[0035] Based on this, this embodiment provides a stepped permeable and pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure. The permeable and pressure-reducing embankment adopts stepped filling. When water comes from one side of the road, it can reduce excessive scouring of the roadbed caused by excessive water flow velocity; and multiple layers of horizontal drainage hoses are arranged in the permeable structure layer. When water comes from one side of the road, it can cooperate with the centralized drainage channel to accelerate the drainage of the embankment, thereby avoiding hazards such as flooding of the road surface and water damage to the roadbed caused by poor permeability of the embankment and poor drainage.

[0036] The above-mentioned stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the stepped permeable pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure includes a base 13, a drainage ditch 11, a permeable structural layer, a drainage hose, an asphalt waterproof layer 3, a foam lightweight soil layer 2, and a pavement structure 1. The pavement structure 1, the foam lightweight soil layer 2, the asphalt waterproof layer 3, the permeable structural layer and the base 13 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Through the above-mentioned arrangement sequence, the integrity of the lightweight embankment structure can be increased, and the cooperation of each layer can increase the structural stability and reduce the additional stress of the foundation and the post-construction settlement.

[0038] The top of the foamed lightweight soil layer 2 is embedded within the pavement structure 1 to a certain height to enhance its bonding with the structure. This layer, located above the asphalt waterproofing layer 3, primarily provides load-bearing and shock absorption. The asphalt waterproofing layer 3 is laid above the permeable structural layer to prevent groundwater from seeping back onto the road surface.

[0039] The permeable structural layer is stepped as a whole, which can reduce excessive scouring of the roadbed caused by excessive water flow velocity when water comes from one side of the road; the permeable structural layer is composed of multiple permeable lightweight porous structural layers spliced ​​horizontally, and the permeable lightweight porous structural layers all use permeable foam lightweight soil prefabricated blocks, which can not only increase the integrity of the structure, but also reduce additional stress on the foundation and post-construction settlement; at the same time, it can avoid the use of large-grained sand and gravel fillers and reduce the mining of mountains and mineral resources.

[0040] The permeable foam lightweight soil layer has excellent permeability, and its permeability is adjustable. It can better cooperate with the centralized drainage system to accelerate the drainage of the embankment, and discharge the groundwater that affects the strength and stability of the roadbed from the highway in time, so that the roadbed always remains dry, solid and stable, thereby improving the service life of the embankment.

[0041] The components of permeable foam lightweight soil include cement, foam, fine sand, fiber, and resin. The components of foam lightweight soil layer 2 (standard foam lightweight soil) include cement, foam, fly ash, and fine sand. The density, strength, and permeability of both types of foam lightweight soil can be adjusted by adjusting the dosage of each component.

[0042] The density range of permeable foam lightweight soil and ordinary foam lightweight soil is 500~1200kg / m 3 and 400~1300kg / m 3 In this embodiment, two preferred densities of foamed lightweight soil are provided, 800-900 kg / m 3 The permeable foam lightweight soil has high strength and good air and water permeability, which can effectively infiltrate water in the embankment and improve the bearing capacity of the roadbed. 3 Ordinary foam lightweight soil has lower production costs while ensuring the bearing strength of the roadbed. At the same time, the lightweight nature of foam lightweight soil can effectively reduce the weight of the entire structure, which is conducive to reducing the settlement of the entire roadbed structure.

[0043] Each permeable lightweight porous structure layer is set up in sequence from one side of the road water to the other side, and the permeability coefficient decreases in sequence, which can avoid excessive scouring of the permeable layer due to excessive water flow velocity on the side. At the same time, in order to improve the overall stability of the permeable structure layer, adjacent permeable lightweight porous structure layers are plugged in, such as Figure 4As shown, the mating surfaces of adjacent water-permeable lightweight porous structural layers are concave-convex surfaces, that is, formed by protrusions and grooves distributed at intervals, so that the adjacent water-permeable lightweight porous structural layers are tightly combined.

[0044] The number of water-permeable lightweight porous structure layers can be set according to actual requirements. This embodiment takes three water-permeable lightweight porous structure layers as an example for detailed description:

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer I4, the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer II5, and the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer III6 are arranged in sequence along the transverse direction, and the slope sides of the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer I4 and the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer III6 at the edges are arranged in a stepped shape, so that the water-permeable structure layer forms a stepped shape; the outer sides of the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer I4 and the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer III6 are provided with a gravel slope 9, which is a stepped structure adapted to the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer I4 and the water-permeable lightweight porous structure layer III6. The outer side of the gravel slope 9 is paved with a waste tire frame 17, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the waste tire frame 17 is composed of multiple waste tires 7 connected in sequence to form a grid structure. That is, adjacent waste tires 7 are connected by connectors, thereby connecting and securing the embankment structure. Sand or gravel is filled inside the waste tires 7 to enhance their weight and stability.

[0046] Connectors are installed between adjacent scrap tires 7 to form a stable internal framework, providing both restraint and support for the embankment structure, ensuring its integrity and stability. In this embodiment, the connectors include prestressed steel strands 14, spacers 15, and anchor bolts 16. The scrap tire framework is anchored to the spacers 15 at the outer edges of the outermost tires using anchor bolts 16 at each end of the prestressed steel strands 14. This tire framework in the embankment structure prevents lateral water flow from eroding the roadbed structure and enhances its stability.

[0047] It is understandable that in other embodiments, the connecting member may also be an anti-corrosion galvanized steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope is bundled between adjacent waste tires 7.

[0048] A drainage system is provided in the permeable structure layer to achieve centralized drainage; the drainage system includes a horizontal drainage hose 8 and a vertical drainage hose, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple transverse drainage hoses 8 are arranged along the height direction of the permeable structure layer; the transverse drainage hoses 8 are arranged with a drainage slope of 1% to 4% along the original ground slope direction, and are arranged laterally along the roadbed in the embankment.

[0049] like Figure 3As shown, there is a certain distance between adjacent transverse drainage hoses 8, and the length direction distribution of the transverse drainage hoses 8 is adapted to a stepped structure; each end face can be provided with no less than 3 layers, and a section is taken every 8 to 10 meters to ensure smooth water flow.

[0050] The outlet of each horizontal drainage hose 8 is connected to the same vertical drainage hose, which is installed in the permeable lightweight porous structure layer on the outlet side. In the case of three permeable lightweight porous structure layers, the vertical drainage hose is installed in permeable lightweight porous structure layer III 6. The vertical drainage hose is connected to a drainage ditch 11 buried at the toe of the downstream slope of the embankment. When the water level on one side of the embankment is high, the incoming water is diverted to the longitudinal drainage ditch 11 on the other side, effectively lowering the groundwater level and preventing lateral water from flooding the road surface and affecting traffic safety.

[0051] The base 13 includes a crushed stone concrete layer 12, waste tires 7, and steel pipe piles 10. Multiple waste tires 7 are evenly distributed in the crushed stone concrete layer 12. The bottom of each waste tire 7 is connected to at least one steel pipe pile 10. The steel pipe piles 10 are arranged vertically, and the tops of the steel pipe piles 10 extend into the cavity of the waste tire 7. The spacing between two adjacent steel pipe piles 10 is moderate, so that the embankment structure will not suffer from stress concentration and insufficient support due to the overly dense arrangement of the steel pipe piles 10, and there is sufficient space for filling or pouring the supporting structure, thereby ensuring that the permeable embankment has good stability.

[0052] The crushed stone concrete layer 12 is filled between adjacent waste tires 7 and adjacent steel pipe piles 10 . The bottom end of the steel pipe pile 10 extends a certain length from the bottom surface of the crushed stone concrete layer 12 , and the crushed stone concrete layer 12 supports and protects the steel pipe pile 10 .

[0053] This embodiment uses multiple permeable lightweight porous structure layers and drainage hoses to discharge water from one side of the road to the collection ditch 11 on the side away from the water source, thereby improving the water permeability of the embankment structure; the use of multiple spliced ​​permeable lightweight porous structure layers with decreasing permeability can effectively reduce the scouring of the embankment by lateral water, while reducing the additional stress on the foundation, and improving the stability and durability of the embankment structure.

[0054] The permeable structural layer of this embodiment can infiltrate and discharge water in a timely manner when the groundwater level rises or when water comes from the side, thereby avoiding the damage to the embankment caused by the static water pressure and dynamic water pressure caused by excessive upstream water volume, as well as the repeated scouring, soaking, and erosion of the roadbed by water flow, thereby greatly improving the service life of the road.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] This embodiment provides a construction method for a stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure, based on the porous lightweight embankment structure described in Example 1, including the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Clean and harden the base. After removing tree roots and debris from the surface of the foundation pit, harden the base to form a crust. The hardening process involves adding a curing agent to the surface of the pit and stirring the soil until the curing agent and soil are thoroughly mixed and set to harden.

[0058] Step 2: dig a water collection ditch 11 at the foot of the embankment away from the water source to drain the water in the roadbed.

[0059] Step 3: Place the waste tires 7 at the predetermined locations and reserve space for the steel pipe piles 10. Drive the steel pipe piles 10 vertically using static pressure, leaving ample space between adjacent steel pipe piles 10 so that the tops of the steel pipe piles 10 are slightly higher than the tops of the waste tires 7.

[0060] Step 4: Lay the crushed stone concrete layer 12 , the paving height should be slightly higher than the upper end of the steel pipe pile 10 .

[0061] Step 5: Use a layered masonry method to overlap the permeable lightweight porous structure layers in a stepped manner according to the designed thickness and width. Permeable mortar can be poured between adjacent permeable lightweight porous structure layers for filling.

[0062] Step 6: During the construction of the permeable lightweight porous structure layer, lay the drainage hose according to the reserved points.

[0063] Step 7: After the permeable structure layer is laid and laid, spray a 3mm-4mm thick asphalt waterproof layer 3 on top of the permeable structure layer.

[0064] Step 8: After the asphalt waterproof layer 3 is hardened, pour the ordinary foam lightweight soil layer 2 according to the required height.

[0065] Step 9: Complete the paving of the base layer and the surface layer, construct the gravel slope and lay the connected waste tire 7 frame, fill the waste tire 7 cavity with sand and gravel, repair the slope and complete the embankment structure construction.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a foam lightweight soil layer, an asphalt waterproof layer, a permeable structural layer and a base layer arranged in sequence below the pavement structure. The permeable structural layer is stepped, and a waste tire frame is provided on the slope side of the permeable structural layer. The permeable structural layer comprises a plurality of permeable lightweight porous structural layers spliced ​​in sequence laterally, and the permeability coefficient of the permeable lightweight porous structural layer decreases in sequence from the road water side to the other side. The slope side of the permeable lightweight porous structural layer located at the edge is arranged in a stepped shape. Adjacent permeable lightweight porous structural layers are plug-fitted. A plurality of waste tires are evenly distributed in the base, one end of the steel pipe pile is buried in the waste tire cavity and is arranged vertically; the interior of the waste tire is filled with dense sand and gravel, and a crushed stone concrete layer is filled between adjacent waste tires and between the steel pipe piles.

2. The stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surfaces of adjacent water-permeable lightweight porous structure layers are concave and convex surfaces.

3. The stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transverse drainage hose with a set slope is provided in the water-permeable structural layer, and a plurality of transverse drainage hoses are arranged vertically.

4. The stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the horizontal drainage hose is connected to the vertical drainage hose, and the vertical drainage hose is used to collect the water flow in the horizontal drainage hose into the water collection ditch.

5. The stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste tire frame is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of waste tires to form a grid structure, and adjacent waste tires in the waste tire frame are connected by connecting pieces.

6. The stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting piece is a prestressed steel strand, and both ends of the prestressed steel strand are anchored to the outer edge of the waste tire through anchor bolts.

7. The stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing, porous, lightweight embankment structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting parts are steel wire ropes and anchor bolts. The steel wire ropes are bundled between adjacent waste tires and fixed with the anchor bolts.

8. A construction method for a stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Place waste tires at predetermined locations and reserve space for steel pipe piles; Driving steel pipe piles in the vertical direction; Laying of crushed stone concrete layer; The permeable lightweight porous structure layers are overlapped by layered masonry, and the adjacent permeable lightweight porous structure layers are filled with permeable mortar; After the permeable structure layer is laid and laid, an asphalt waterproof layer of a set thickness is sprayed on top of the permeable structure layer; After the asphalt waterproof layer is hardened, pour the foam lightweight soil layer according to the required height; The base layer and surface layer are paved, the gravel slope is constructed and the connected waste tire frames are laid, the waste tire cavities are filled with sand and gravel, the slope is repaired and the embankment structure construction is completed.

9. The construction method of a stepped water-permeable, pressure-reducing porous lightweight embankment structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: There is a gap between adjacent steel pipe piles, and the upper end of the steel pipe pile is higher than the top of the waste tire; the paving height of the crushed stone concrete layer is higher than the upper end of the steel pipe pile.

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