Impulse turbine model runner and its wear measurement method

Abstract

An impact turbine model runner and its wear measurement method belong to the technical field of turbine test equipment and test measurement. It includes a model runner hub, on which a plurality of buckets are detachably provided. There are bucket reference plane positioning points on the buckets, and the buckets are used to be placed on a bucket detection bracket. Above the bucket detection bracket, a three-dimensional profile tester is provided. By designing a detachable bucket model runner and adopting a method combining a three-dimensional profile tester and three-dimensional software, the present invention realizes the accurate measurement of the wear amounts of different parts of an irregular surface, obtains the wear characteristics of buckets made of different materials through one test, and can accurately measure the wear amounts of different areas of the runner buckets before and after the test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of impulse turbines, and particularly relates to an impulse turbine model runner and a method for measuring its wear amount. Background Art

[0002] Impulse turbine units generally apply to high-head conditions. Rivers under high-head conditions often have characteristics of high sediment content and high hardness of sediment particles. During the long-term operation of the turbine, it is prone to wear due to the influence of sediment in the water flow. The worn parts include runner buckets, mouth rings, needle nozzles, etc. Therefore, regarding the problem of sediment wear, we need to study the sediment wear mechanism of the turbine, estimate its wear amount, and propose reasonable material selection and protection measures. Due to the complex structure of the runner buckets of the impulse turbine and the very small wear amount value during the test process, generally accurate to 0.001 mm, it is very difficult to accurately measure the wear amount of different parts. Currently, there is no mature method to achieve this. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, the impulse turbine model runner and the method for measuring its wear amount provided by the present invention, by designing a detachable bucket model runner and adopting a method combining a three-dimensional profile tester and three-dimensional software, realize the accurate measurement of the wear amount of different parts of the irregular curved surface, obtain the wear characteristics of buckets made of different materials through one test, and can accurately measure the wear amount of different regions of the runner buckets before and after the test.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:

[0005] An impulse turbine model runner and a method for measuring its wear amount, including a model runner hub, on which a plurality of buckets are detachably arranged. Bucket reference plane positioning points are arranged on the buckets, and the buckets are used to be placed on a bucket detection bracket, and a three-dimensional profile tester is arranged above the bucket detection bracket.

[0006] In a preferred solution, a plurality of outer flanges are arranged on the periphery of the model runner hub, the number of the outer flanges is adapted to the number of the buckets, through holes for bucket connection bolts are arranged on the outer flanges, and the buckets are connected through bucket connection pin bolts passing through the through holes for bucket connection bolts.

[0007] In a preferred solution, upper connection clamping plates and lower connection clamping plates are arranged on the buckets, and bucket bolt holes adapted to the through holes for bucket connection bolts are arranged on the upper connection clamping plates and the lower connection clamping plates of the buckets.

[0008] In a preferred solution, the bucket reference plane positioning point is a flat-bottomed conical hole designed on the non-overflow surface of the bucket and near the bucket connection clamping plate.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the bucket detection bracket includes a bucket bracket base plate, a bucket bracket side plate is connected to the bucket bracket base plate, a bucket bracket bolt adjusting plate is installed on the bucket bracket side plate, and the bucket bracket bolt adjusting plate is connected to the bucket bracket support plate through a lower fixing nut of the bucket bracket, an adjusting nut of the bucket bracket, and an adjusting screw of the bucket bracket.

[0010] A method for testing the wear amount of a runner of an impulse turbine model, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step S1, select the materials for the test and manufacture the buckets (2) of the corresponding materials; manufacture the model runner hub (1) and the bucket detection bracket (6) adapted to the specifications and dimensions of the buckets (2); the model runner hub (1) is used to install the buckets (2) of one or more materials.

[0012] Step S2, process 3 bucket reference plane positioning points on the non-flow-through surface of the front of the bucket; fix the position of the bucket before processing, keep the symmetry plane where the bucket dividing edge is located in the vertical state, and the plane where the bucket reference plane positioning points are located is perpendicular to the symmetry plane where the bucket dividing edge is located; the bucket reference plane positioning points include reference point O, reference point A, and reference point B; among them, reference point O is on the symmetry plane where the dividing edge is located, and the line OA connecting reference point O and reference point A is perpendicular to the dividing edge; reference point B is not on the same straight line as OA, so that the reference plane OAB can be obtained according to the three bucket reference plane positioning points.

[0013] Step S3, measure the original contour of the bucket by using a three-dimensional profile tester.

[0014] Step S4, process the three-dimensional contour map by using three-dimensional processing software, and establish a new three-dimensional coordinate system OXYZ according to the scanned reference points; among them, the OXY plane coincides with the OAB plane, the X axis coincides with the OA line, the Y axis is perpendicular to OA, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the OXY plane.

[0015] Step S5, select different Y values by using three-dimensional processing software, cut the bucket contour surface, obtain the bucket contour lines at different Y values, and output the coordinate values M0(x0, z0) of the points on the contour line.

[0016] Step S6, assemble the bucket and the model runner hub, connect the bucket and the model runner hub through the bucket connection pin bolts, and connect the assembled runner and the main shaft, and then conduct the sediment wear test.

[0017] Step S7, after the test is completed, remove the bucket, clean it, and then conduct the second measurement, and obtain the contour point coordinates N(x0, z1) after the test by using the same method as in steps S3 - S5.

[0018] S8, process the data before and after the test to obtain the wear amount δ at a certain point.

[0019] Preferably, the decomposition steps of step S8 are:

[0020] Step S8.1: First, perform z-value processing on the points on the Y section to obtain the z-value change Δz = z1 - z0 at the same x value. Simultaneously, use 3D software to obtain the angle α between the tangent line at point M0 and the horizontal plane. It is assumed that point N0 is on the tangent line at point M0, and the calculation is performed with 0°≤α<90°.

[0021] Step S8.2: Based on the Δz and α values, the wear amount of point N0 can be calculated: δ = NN0 = Δz × cosα, where NN0 is the change of point N0 in the direction perpendicular to the profile surface. At the same time, based on the coordinates of M0, the x coordinate of point N0 is obtained: xn = x0 ± Δz × sinα × cosα. When xn is in the A\C area, it is given a "+" sign, and when xn is in the B\D area, it is given a "-" sign.

[0022] Step S8.3, by knowing point M0, point N and α value, obtain the horizontal coordinate x and wear amount δ of point N0, thereby obtaining the wear amount δ distribution data (xn, δ) along the X direction on different Y sections, and obtain the wear amount distribution diagram of different Y sections.

[0023] Preferably, after step S8 is completed, the following steps are performed:

[0024] S9, summarizing the wear values of different parts of the hopper obtained by analysis to obtain a wear distribution cloud map on the hopper plane, which is used to intuitively see the wear degree of different parts of the hopper, thereby determining the areas of the hopper that are prone to wear;

[0025] S10, simultaneously analyzing the wear data of water buckets made of different materials to compare the anti-wear properties of different materials and predict the service life of different materials.

[0026] Preferably, the measurement method of step S3 is: place the water bucket on the water bucket detection bracket and adjust it horizontally to ensure that the entire water bucket flow surface and the water bucket reference surface positioning points can be scanned, and then scan it through a three-dimensional contour tester to generate a three-dimensional contour map file before the test.

[0027] This patent can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. This invention accurately measures the wear of different areas of a runner bucket before and after testing. Specifically, a detachable bucket model runner is designed. Using a 3D profilometer combined with 3D software, this method enables precise measurement of wear on different parts of irregularly curved surfaces. The wear characteristics of buckets made of different materials can be determined in a single test.

[0029] 2. The number of buckets of the model runner is determined according to the number of buckets of the actual runner to be simulated, or can be flexibly set according to the test requirements. The material of the model buckets can be processed with different materials according to the test purpose, or coatings with different processes can be sprayed on the buckets to obtain the wear characteristics of model buckets with different materials or different coatings in one test.

[0030] 3. Select a three-dimensional profile tester with a matching model according to the size of the model bucket for measurement. The measuring range of the profiler should meet the measurement range requirements, and the accuracy should reach 0.001 mm to output a 3D profile surface graph. The 3D software uses the 3D software supporting the 3D profile tester or other professional software to load the output file of the 3D profile tester into the 3D software for processing, and the accuracy of the 3D software reaches 0.001 mm.

[0031] 4. The bucket detection bracket is used for the preliminary horizontal positioning and fixation during the bucket profile measurement. When in use, place the detachable back of the bucket on the bucket detection bracket and preliminarily adjust the horizontal of the upper edge of the bucket to ensure that the positioning point of the bucket reference surface and the entire profile of the bucket can be measured. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0033] Figure 1 Front view of the model runner of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Side view of the model runner of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Front view of the model runner hub of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 Side view of the model runner hub of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 Front view of the bucket of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 Side view of the bucket of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the bucket profile measurement of the present invention

[0040] Figure 8 Front view of the bucket detection bracket of the present invention

[0041] Figure 9 Side view of the bucket detection bracket of the present invention

[0042] Figure 10 Top view of the bucket detection bracket of the present invention

[0043] Figure 11 Schematic diagram for extracting OXY coordinates and cross-section data of the bucket of the present invention

[0044] Figure 12 Schematic diagram for converting OXZ coordinates and wear amount of the E-E cross-section of the bucket of the present invention

[0045] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the wear amount distribution of the bucket of the present invention in the X direction.

[0046] In the figure: 1 - hub of the model runner; 2 - bucket; 3 - bucket pin bolt; 4 - pin nut; 5 - positioning point of the bucket reference plane; 6 - bucket detection bracket; 7 - three-dimensional profile tester; 8 - original surface of the bucket; 9 - surface of the bucket after wear test; OXY - coordinate system of the bucket measurement plane; OXZ - coordinate system of the bucket measurement cross-section.

[0047] 101 - outer flange; 102 - through hole for the bucket connection bolt; 103 - bolt hole for connecting the runner hub and the shaft; 104 - positioning keyway;

[0048] 201 - flow-through surface of the bucket; 202 - bolt hole of the bucket; 203 - upper connection splint of the bucket; 204 - lower connection splint of the bucket;

[0049] 601 - base plate of the bucket support; 602 - side plate of the bucket support; 603 - bolt adjustment plate of the bucket support; 604 - support plate of the bucket support; 605 - lower fixing nut of the bucket support; 606 - adjustment nut of the bucket support; 607 - adjustment screw of the bucket support. Specific implementation mode

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] The preferred solution is as Figures 1 to 13 shown. An impulse turbine model runner and its wear amount measurement method include a model runner hub 1, on which a plurality of buckets 2 are detachably provided. A bucket reference plane positioning point 5 is provided on the bucket 2. The bucket 2 is used to be placed on a bucket detection bracket 6, and a three-dimensional profile tester 7 is arranged above the bucket detection bracket 6. The present invention uses the three-dimensional profile tester 7 for measurement and respectively generates the original surface 8 of the bucket and the surface 9 of the bucket after wear test. The three-dimensional software is used to extract data from the contour surfaces before and after the test, and the wear amount analysis is carried out according to the data to obtain the distribution diagram of the wear amount along the X direction on different Y cross-sections.

[0052] Furthermore, a plurality of outer flanges 101 are provided on the periphery of the model runner hub 1. The number of the outer flanges 101 is adapted to the number of the buckets 2. Bucket connection bolt through-holes 102 are provided on the outer flanges 101. The bucket connection bolt through-holes 102 are connected to the buckets 2 through bucket connection pin bolts 3. A main shaft connector is provided at the center of the model runner hub 1. The main shaft connector is cylindrical, and a shaft-passing hole is provided at the center of the main shaft connector. A positioning keyway 104 is designed in the hole. The buckets 2 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the model runner hub 1. The material of the buckets 2 is determined according to the material required for the test, and then processed and manufactured. The number of the buckets 2 is also installed according to the test requirements.

[0053] Specifically, for the convenience of installation and disassembly, the installation structure of the bucket 2 is as follows: The bucket 2 is provided with an upper bucket connection clamping plate 203 and a lower bucket connection clamping plate 204. Bucket bolt holes 202 adapted to the bucket connection bolt through-holes 102 are provided on the upper bucket connection clamping plate 203 and the lower bucket connection clamping plate 204.

[0054] Furthermore, the bucket reference plane positioning point 5 is a flat-bottomed conical hole designed on the non-flow-through surface of the bucket 2 and close to the bucket connection clamping plate 203, which is convenient for scanning to the bottom surface. A flat-bottomed conical hole 5 is designed on the non-flow-through surface of the bucket and close to the clamping plate. Three flat-bottomed conical holes 5 are designed in the thicker area at the edge of the front of a single bucket. The reference point flat-bottomed conical holes will not be washed and worn during the test. At the same time, the conical structure can ensure that the bottom surface is completely scanned during measurement. The three flat-bottomed conical holes are numerically controlled to be processed into one elevation to obtain a reference plane. A reference three-dimensional coordinate system is established through the flat-bottomed conical holes. The plane where the center point of the flat bottom hole is located is defined as the reference plane. The center points are O, A, and B respectively. One of the flat-bottomed conical hole centers is selected as the coordinate center O. The center line connecting the points O and A is the coordinate X-axis. The axis perpendicular to OA in the plane XY is the Y-axis, and the axis perpendicular to the plane and passing through the center O is the OZ-axis. The X-axis is selected to be perpendicular to the bucket water dividing edge, and the Y-axis is parallel or overlapped with the water dividing edge. Each point on the flow-through surface inside the bucket has a coordinate value in this coordinate system. The coordinate values before and after the test are obtained through measurement, and the wear amount of each point is obtained through the conversion of the coordinate values.

[0055] Furthermore, the bucket detection bracket 6 includes a bucket bracket base plate 601. A bucket bracket side plate 602 is connected to the bucket bracket base plate 601. A bucket bracket bolt adjusting plate 603 is installed on the bucket bracket side plate 602. The bucket bracket bolt adjusting plate 603 is connected to a bucket bracket support plate 604 through a bucket bracket lower fixing nut 605, a bucket bracket adjusting nut 606, and a bucket bracket adjusting screw 607.

[0056] A method for testing the wear amount of an impulse turbine model runner includes the following steps:

[0057] Step S1, select the materials for the test, and manufacture the water bucket 2 of the corresponding material; manufacture the model runner hub 1 and the water bucket detection bracket 6 that are adapted to the specifications and dimensions of the water bucket 2; the materials of the water bucket 2 can be selected from a variety of materials according to the test requirements;

[0058] Step S2, machine 3 water bucket reference plane positioning points 5 on the non-flow-through surface of the front of the water bucket 2; before machining, fix the position of the water bucket 2 to keep the symmetry plane where the water dividing edge of the water bucket 2 is located in the vertical state, and the plane where the water bucket reference plane positioning points 5 are located is perpendicular to the symmetry plane where the water dividing edge of the water bucket 2 is located; the water bucket reference plane positioning points 5 include the reference point O, the reference point A, and the reference point B; among them, the reference point O is on the symmetry plane where the water dividing edge is located, and the line OA connecting the reference point O and the reference point A is perpendicular to the water dividing edge; the reference point B is not on the same straight line as OA, so that the reference plane OAB can be obtained according to the three water bucket reference plane positioning points 5;

[0059] Step S3, use the three-dimensional profile tester 7 to measure the original profile of the water bucket 2; specifically, place the water bucket 2 on the water bucket detection bracket 6 and perform horizontal adjustment to ensure that the entire flow-through surface of the water bucket 2 and the water bucket reference plane positioning points 5 can be scanned completely, and then scan through the three-dimensional profile tester 7 to generate a three-dimensional profile diagram file before the test.

[0060] Step S4, use three-dimensional processing software to process the three-dimensional profile diagram, and establish a new three-dimensional coordinate system OXYZ based on the scanned reference points; among them, the OXY plane coincides with the OAB plane, the X axis coincides with the OA line, the Y axis is perpendicular to OA, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the OXY plane;

[0061] Step S5, use three-dimensional processing software to select different Y values, cut the water bucket profile surface, obtain the water bucket profile lines at different Y values, and output the coordinate values M0(x0, z0) of the points on the profile line;

[0062] Step S6, assemble the water bucket 2 and the model runner hub 1, connect the water bucket 2 and the model runner hub 1 through the water bucket connecting pin bolts 3, connect the assembled runner and the main shaft, and then conduct a sediment wear test;

[0063] Step S7, after the test is completed, remove the water bucket 2, clean it, and then conduct the second measurement. Use the same method as in Steps S3 - S5 to obtain the profile point coordinates N(x0, z1) after the test.

[0064] S8, process the data before and after the test to obtain the wear amount δ at a certain point.

[0065] The decomposition steps of Step S8 are as follows:

[0066] Step S8.1: First, process the z values of the points on the Y section to obtain the change in z value Δz = z1 - z0 at the same x value. At the same time, use 3D software to obtain the tangent angle α of point M0. α is the angle between the tangent of point M0 and the horizontal plane. It is approximately considered that point N0 is on the tangent of point M0, and 0° ≤ α < 90° is taken during calculation.

[0067] Step S8.2: According to the Δz value and α value, the wear amount δ of point N0 can be calculated inversely as δ = NN0 = Δz × cosα. NN0 is the change amount of point N0 in the direction perpendicular to the contour surface. At the same time, according to the coordinates of M0, the x coordinate of point N0 is obtained as xn = x0 ± Δz × sinα × cosα. When xn is in area A\C, the '+' sign is taken, and when xn is in area B\D, the '-' sign is taken.

[0068] Step S8.3: Through the known points M0, point N, and α value, the abscissa x and wear amount δ of point N0 are obtained, so as to obtain the wear amount distribution data (xn, δ) in the X direction on different Y sections, and obtain the wear amount distribution diagram of different Y sections.

[0069] After step S8 is completed, the following steps are carried out:

[0070] S9: Summarize the wear amount values of different parts of the water bucket obtained by analysis to obtain the wear amount distribution nephogram on the water bucket plane, which is used to intuitively see the wear degree of different parts of the water bucket, so as to determine the easily worn area of the water bucket.

[0071] S10: At the same time, analyze the wear amount data of water buckets made of different materials to compare the anti-wear characteristics of different materials and predict the service life of different materials.

[0072] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the wear amount of a runner of an impulse turbine model, characterized in that: Including an impulse turbine model runner, the impulse turbine model runner includes a model runner hub (1), and a plurality of buckets (2) are detachably provided on the model runner hub (1). A bucket reference plane positioning point (5) is provided on the bucket (2), and the bucket (2) is used to be placed on a bucket detection bracket (6). A three-dimensional profile tester (7) is provided above the bucket detection bracket (6); The bucket reference plane positioning point (5) is a flat-bottomed conical hole designed on the non-flow-through surface of the bucket (2) and close to the bucket connection splint (203); The flat-bottomed conical hole of the reference point will not be washed and worn during the test, and at the same time, the conical structure ensures complete scanning to the bottom surface during measurement; The method for testing the wear amount of the impulse turbine model runner includes the following steps: Step S1, select the materials for the test and manufacture the buckets (2) of the corresponding material; manufacture the model runner hub (1) and the bucket detection bracket (6) that are adapted to the specifications and dimensions of the bucket (2); the model runner hub (1) is used to install the buckets (2) of one material or multiple materials; Step S2, machine 3 bucket reference plane positioning points (5) on the non-flow-through surface of the front of the bucket (2); fix the position of the bucket (2) before machining, keep the symmetry plane where the water dividing edge of the bucket (2) is located in the vertical state, and the plane where the bucket reference plane positioning point (5) is located is perpendicular to the symmetry plane where the water dividing edge of the bucket (2) is located; the bucket reference plane positioning points (5) include a reference point O, a reference point A, and a reference point B; among them, the reference point O is on the symmetry plane where the water dividing edge is located, and the line OA connecting the reference point O and the reference point A is perpendicular to the water dividing edge; the reference point B is not on the same straight line as OA, so that the reference plane OAB can be obtained according to the three bucket reference plane positioning points (5); Step S3, use the three-dimensional profile tester (7) to measure the original profile of the bucket (2); Step S4, use three-dimensional processing software to process the three-dimensional contour map, and establish a new three-dimensional coordinate system OXYZ according to the scanned reference points; among them, the OXY plane coincides with the OAB plane, the X axis coincides with the OA line, the Y axis is perpendicular to OA, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the OXY plane; Step S5, use three-dimensional processing software to select different Y values, cut the bucket profile surface, obtain the bucket contour lines under different Y values, and output the coordinate values M0(x0,z0) of the points on the contour line; Step S6, assemble the bucket (2) and the model runner hub (1), connect the bucket (2) and the model runner hub (1) through the bucket connection pin bolts (3), connect the assembled runner and the main shaft, and then conduct a sediment wear test; Step S7, after the test is completed, remove the bucket (2), clean it and then conduct the second measurement, and use the same method as in Steps S3 - S5 to obtain the contour point coordinates N(x0,z1) after the test; Step S8, process the data before and after the test to obtain the wear amount δ at a certain point.

2. The method for testing the wear amount of the runner of the impulse water turbine model according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of outer flanges (101) are arranged on the periphery of the model runner hub (1). The number of the outer flanges (101) is adapted to the number of the buckets (2). Bucket connection bolt through-holes (102) are arranged on the outer flanges (101). The bucket connection bolt through-holes (102) are connected with the buckets (2) through bucket connection pin bolts (3).

3. The method for testing the wear amount of the runner of the impulse water turbine model according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the bucket (2), an upper bucket connection clamping plate (203) and a lower bucket connection clamping plate (204) are provided. Bucket bolts holes (202) adapted to the bucket connection bolt through-holes (102) are arranged on the upper bucket connection clamping plate (203) and the lower bucket connection clamping plate (204).

4. The method for testing the wear amount of the runner of the impulse water turbine model according to claim 1, wherein: The bucket detection bracket (6) includes a bucket bracket base plate (601). A bucket bracket side plate (602) is connected to the bucket bracket base plate (601). A bucket bracket bolt adjusting plate (603) is installed on the bucket bracket side plate (602). The bucket bracket bolt adjusting plate (603) is connected with a bucket bracket support plate (604) through a lower bucket bracket fixing nut (605), a bucket bracket adjusting nut (606) and a bucket bracket adjusting screw rod (607).

5. The method for testing the wear amount of the runner of the impulse water turbine model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decomposition steps of step S8 are as follows: Step S8.1: First, perform z-value processing on the points on the Y section to obtain the z-value change amount △z = z1 - z0 at the same x value. At the same time, use 3D software to obtain the tangent angle α of point M0. α is the angle between the tangent of point M0 and the horizontal plane. It is approximately considered that point N0 is on the tangent of point M0. When calculating, 0° ≤ α < 90° is taken; Step S8.2: According to the △z value and the α value, the wear amount δ of point N0 can be calculated inversely as δ = NN0 = △z × cosα. NN0 is the change amount of point N0 in the direction perpendicular to the contour surface. At the same time, according to the coordinates of M0, the x coordinate of point N0 is obtained, xn = x0 ± △z × sinα × cosα. When xn is in area A\C, the "+" sign is taken. When xn is in area B\D, the "-" sign is taken; Step S8.3: Through the known point M0, point N and the α value, the abscissa x and the wear amount δ of point N0 are obtained, so as to obtain the wear amount distribution data (xn, δ) in the X direction on different Y sections, and the wear amount distribution diagrams of different Y sections are obtained.

6. The method for testing the wear amount of the runner of the impulse water turbine model according to claim 5, characterized in that: After step S8 is completed, the following steps are carried out: S9: Summarize the wear amount values of different parts of the bucket obtained by analysis to obtain a wear amount distribution nephogram on the bucket plane, which is used to intuitively see the wear degree of different parts of the bucket, so as to determine the easily worn area of the bucket; S10: At the same time, analyze the wear amount data of buckets made of different materials, which is used to compare the anti-wear characteristics of different materials and predict the service life of different materials.

7. The method for testing the wear amount of the runner of the impulse water turbine model according to claim 5, characterized in that: The measuring method of step S3 is as follows: Place the bucket (2) on the bucket detection bracket (6), and perform horizontal adjustment to ensure that the entire flow-through surface of the bucket (2) and the positioning points (5) of the bucket reference surface can be scanned completely. Then, scan through a three-dimensional profile tester (7) to generate a three-dimensional profile map file before the test.

Images