Liver model, manikin, surgical navigation method, preparation method and system

Abstract

The present application relates to a liver model, a human model, a surgical navigation method, a preparation method and a system, the liver model comprising a liver parenchyma made of trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether, a vascular structure arranged in the interior of the liver parenchyma and made of silicone rubber, and a liver capsule covering the surface of the liver parenchyma and made of polyethylene film. The advantages are that, compared with a single photosensitive material, trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether, polyethylene film and silicone rubber are low in price and easy to obtain, thereby reducing the use cost and the difficulty in obtaining; the three materials can be easily assembled with each other, thereby greatly reducing the production difficulty; through the combination of the three materials, the liver model has a high degree of visualization, can not only be used for observation, but also can be used for preoperative simulation surgery, thereby facilitating the realization of ultrasonic exploration and surgical navigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomedical technology, and in particular to a liver model, a human body model, a surgical navigation method, a preparation method and a system. Background Art

[0002] Traditional hepatobiliary surgery relies on imaging data such as CT and MRI for preoperative diagnosis and surgical planning. Hepatobiliary surgeons require a strong foundation in radiographic analysis and clinical experience to accurately diagnose and position the disease and formulate surgical plans accordingly. Surgeons rely on three-dimensional reconstructions of the patient's abdominal organs, which are subject to individual experience and cannot be presented in real time or permanently displayed to the entire treatment team. The uncertainty of the reconstruction results can lead to blindness and misleading results during surgery.

[0003] 3D printing technology uses a layer-by-layer method to create solid parts. Compared to traditional material removal (cutting), it is a "bottom-up" material accumulation method. Currently, 3D printing can be divided into categories based on different molding principles, such as fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), and stereolithography (SLA), each involving different materials and application areas.

[0004] FDM 3D printers are the most common type of 3D printing equipment, typically using thermoplastics such as engineering plastics and polylactic acid. After optimization and removal of the melting module, FDM printers can be used to print biomaterials or organic materials that are not resistant to high temperatures.

[0005] SLS printers are more suitable for printing titanium alloys and bioceramics. The printed products are highly precise and strong and can replace human bones.

[0006] Photosensitive resin, also known as UV resin, is composed of polymer monomers and prepolymers, to which a light (ultraviolet) initiator, also known as a photosensitizer, is added. Exposure to ultraviolet light of a certain wavelength immediately triggers a polymerization reaction, completing the curing process. SLA printing, using photosensitive resin as a material, draws on the advantages of both aforementioned printing methods, capable of producing objects with high precision and moderate strength. In short, compared to traditional manufacturing methods, 3D printing is known for its high sensitivity and precision, which lays the foundation for its clinical application.

[0007] Medical modeling is a key clinical application of 3D printing technology. Combining CT angiography (CTA) technology with MIMICS reconstruction, 3D printing can reconstruct and materialize specific tissues, bones, and even organs within a patient's body. The resulting models are personalized, precise, and efficient, demonstrating their spatial relationships within the human body. This technology can be used for preoperative planning or surgical guidance. Combined with clinical diagnostic knowledge, it can significantly improve surgical efficiency and simplify the procedure, making it a promising application.

[0008] Computer-aided 3D reconstruction and surgical visualization have significantly advanced the three-dimensional reproduction of human anatomy. Observation through 3D video and images improves disease diagnosis and treatment, omitting the brain's 3D reconstruction process and correcting potential errors. However, medical personnel still rely on computers to view 3D images and videos. Today, 3D printing technology allows doctors, patients, and their families to present 1:1 scaled representations of organs such as the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, along with their corresponding lesions. This allows doctors to precisely assess the 3D spatial relationship between the lesion's extent and adjacent organs and tissues before surgery, allowing for detailed surgical planning and design of the surgical approach. This significantly improves surgical precision and minimizes surgical risks and complications.

[0009] The idea of ​​using 3D printing technology for preoperative localization and diagnosis of liver disease is a long-standing one, but limited color printing materials and high printing costs have hindered widespread clinical application. Since the beginning of this century, Europe, the United States, and Japan have all begun experimenting with 3D-printed liver models. In 2010, Professor Fang Chihua's team in China conducted research on 3D printing of the liver, individualized liver segmentation, and intrahepatic anatomical planes. However, the colored carbon powder used for 3D printing at the time was brittle, and printed tertiary branches of the liver vessels were prone to breaking. Monochromatic plastic materials could not distinguish the numerous intrahepatic vascular types, nor could they print the transparent liver capsule. While this method significantly aided research into intrahepatic vascular anatomy, it proved difficult to apply clinically.

[0010] SLA printing allows for control of the strength, color, and transparency of printed objects by adjusting the mixing ratio of a single material. However, this method only uses a single material: photosensitive resin. When printing delicate and complex structures such as portal veins or arteries, improper selection and control of the photosensitive resin can result in poor toughness or hardness, excessive structural fragility, and susceptibility to breakage. Furthermore, the visualization of liver models printed with photosensitive resin can be compromised.

[0011] Photosensitive resin materials are relatively expensive, costing as much as $150 (approximately RMB 1,000). Adding to the model's post-production costs, the total price ranges from RMB 1,000 to 1,500. Since the completed liver model can only be used to observe the anatomical relationship between liver tumors and intrahepatic vasculature, it offers no significant advantages over computer-generated 3D reconstructions. Given my country's current level of economic development and the current state of 3D printing technology, it's not cost-effective for the majority of liver cancer patients and surgeons, presenting a significant obstacle to widespread clinical application.

[0012] At present, no effective solutions have been proposed to address the problems existing in related technologies, such as the single 3D printing material, the inability to print delicate and complex structures, the poor visualization of liver models, the high cost, and the inability to perform surgical navigation. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this application is to address the deficiencies in the existing technology and provide a liver model, a human body model, a surgical navigation method, a preparation method and a system, so as to at least solve the problems existing in the related technology such as the single 3D printing material, the inability to print delicate and complex structures, the poor visualization of the liver model, the high cost, and the inability to perform surgical navigation.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are:

[0015] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a liver model produced by a 3D printing method, comprising:

[0016] liver, prepared from triclosan;

[0017] a vascular structure, the vascular structure being disposed inside the liver and made of organic silicone rubber;

[0018] The liver capsule is arranged to cover the surface of the liver and is made of polyethylene film.

[0019] In some embodiments, further comprising:

[0020] The tumor structure is arranged inside the liver and is made of organic silicone rubber.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a human body model, comprising:

[0022] The human torso model is made of fully transparent silicone material;

[0023] The liver model as described in the first aspect is anchored to the human torso model.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a liver model, which is used to prepare the liver model as described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0025] Obtain liver images;

[0026] reconstructing a three-dimensional liver model based on the liver image;

[0027] Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing is performed using silicone rubber to prepare a vascular structure;

[0028] Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing is performed using polyethylene film to prepare a liver capsule;

[0029] Based on the three-dimensional liver model, triclosan is used for 3D printing and filled between the vascular structure and the liver capsule to prepare the liver;

[0030] After the liver is prepared, a 3D printed liver model is formed.

[0031] In some embodiments, acquiring an image of the liver includes:

[0032] Obtain CT images of the liver.

[0033] In some embodiments, reconstructing a three-dimensional liver model based on the liver image includes:

[0034] The liver image is input into image simulation software to reconstruct a three-dimensional liver model.

[0035] In some embodiments, further comprising:

[0036] Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing was performed using silicone rubber to prepare vascular structures and tumor structures.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a liver model preparation system for executing the preparation method according to the third aspect, comprising:

[0038] an image acquisition unit, used for acquiring liver images;

[0039] a model reconstruction unit, configured to reconstruct a three-dimensional liver model based on the liver image;

[0040] The 3D printing unit is used to perform 3D printing based on the three-dimensional liver model using silicone rubber, polyethylene film, and trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether to prepare a liver model.

[0041] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a surgical navigation method for the liver model as described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0042] Performing ultrasound scanning on the liver model to obtain scanning results;

[0043] Obtaining a surgical navigation plan based on the scanning results;

[0044] Based on the surgical navigation plan, a simulated surgery is performed on the liver model.

[0045] In some embodiments, performing a simulated surgery on the liver model based on the surgical navigation plan includes:

[0046] Ultrasound methods are used to locate vascular structures and tumor structures respectively;

[0047] The tumor structure is stained with dye, and the stained range is used as the resection range.

[0048] Compared with related technologies, the liver model, human body model, surgical navigation method, preparation method and system provided in the embodiments of the present application are inexpensive and easily available compared with a single photosensitive material. These three materials can be easily assembled with each other, greatly reducing the difficulty of production. Through the combination of the three materials, the liver model has a high degree of visualization, which can not only be used for observation, but also for preoperative simulated surgery, facilitating ultrasound exploration and surgical navigation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0050] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 is a framework diagram of a preparation system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 3 is a flowchart (1) of a surgical navigation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 4 is a flowchart (II) of the surgical navigation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 5 is an MRI image of a liver tumor of a patient in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 6 is an image of the surgical navigation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 7 This is an image after liver tumor resection in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 200, preparation system; 210, image acquisition unit; 220, model reconstruction unit; 230, 3D printing unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clearly understood, the present application is described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application. Based on the embodiments provided in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, apply the present application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. Furthermore, it is also understood that, although the effort involved in such a development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this application, changes in design, manufacturing, or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as an insufficiency of the content disclosed in this application.

[0060] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments unless there is a conflict.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "a," "an," "an," "the," and similar expressions used herein do not denote limitations on quantity and may refer to either the singular or the plural. The terms "comprise," "include," "have," and any variations thereof, used herein, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements (units) is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may also include steps or elements not listed, or may include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus. The terms "connected," "connected," "coupled," and similar expressions used herein are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. As used herein, "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" describes an association between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" may mean: A exists alone; A and B exist simultaneously; or B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. involved in this application are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] This embodiment relates to the liver model of the present invention.

[0064] An illustrative embodiment of the present invention is a liver model fabricated using 3D printing. The model comprises a liver parenchyma, a vascular structure, and a liver capsule. The liver parenchyma is made of triclosan; the vascular structure is located within the liver parenchyma and is made of silicone rubber; and the liver capsule, covering the surface of the liver parenchyma, is made of polyethylene film.

[0065] Furthermore, the liver model also includes a tumor structure, which is located inside the liver parenchyma and is made of silicone rubber.

[0066] The reasons for using silicone rubber to prepare vascular structures / tumor structures are as follows:

[0067] 1) Low temperature performance: Compared with other rubbers, silicone rubber has the lowest glass transition temperature, generally around -80°C, which meets the needs of low-temperature sterilization;

[0068] 2) High temperature performance: Room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber can work continuously for a long time at 150°C and can work continuously for 10,000 hours at 200°C;

[0069] 3) Weather resistance: Silicone rubber has very beneficial weather resistance and is insensitive to the aging effects of ozone. Even if it is exposed to wind, rain, ultraviolet rays and other conditions for a long time, its physical properties will not be substantially damaged;

[0070] 4) Water repellency: Silicone rubber has excellent water repellency. When immersed in water for a long time, it can only absorb about 1% of water without damaging its mechanical and electrical properties. It can also withstand high-temperature steam and meet the needs of high-temperature steam sterilization.

[0071] 5) Corrosion resistance: Silicone rubber has excellent resistance to organic solvents and chemical reagents and is basically unaffected by polar organic solvents. Even in non-polar organic solvents, silicone rubber only swells and does not degrade. In addition, silicone rubber can return to its original state after leaving the organic solvent.

[0072] The reasons for using polyethylene film to prepare liver capsule are as follows:

[0073] Polyethylene film is inexpensive, stretchable, and easy to detect with ultrasound.

[0074] The reasons for using triclosan to prepare liver are as follows:

[0075] Triclosan is a disinfectant gel with a broad spectrum bactericidal effect.

[0076] The reasons for using the above materials for 3D printing of liver models also include: trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether and polyethylene film both have good acoustic properties, and silicone rubber has the ability to reflect ultrasound, which can realize ultrasound exploration and navigation.

[0077] The advantages of the present invention are that, compared with a single photosensitive material, trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether, polyethylene film, and silicone rubber are inexpensive and easily available, which can reduce the cost of use and the difficulty of obtaining them; the above three materials can be easily assembled with each other, greatly reducing the difficulty of production; through the combination of the above three materials, the liver model has a high degree of visualization, which can not only be used for observation, but also for preoperative simulation of surgery, facilitating ultrasound exploration and surgical navigation.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] This embodiment relates to the human body model of the present invention.

[0080] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is a human body model, comprising a human torso model and the liver model described in Example 1. The human torso model is made of fully transparent silicone material; and the liver model is anchored to the human torso model.

[0081] Specifically, a fully transparent silicone material is used to make a simulated pneumoperitoneum human torso model from the head to the neck and from the foot to the pubic symphysis. It has elasticity close to that of the human body and can present the following anatomical structures:

[0082] a. Costal arch, including ribs, costal cartilages, sternum, and xiphoid process;

[0083] b. Umbilicus;

[0084] c. diaphragm;

[0085] d. Anchor point, used to anchor the liver model.

[0086] A simulated 12 mm trocar was reserved under the xiphoid process and the right costal margin to facilitate the placement of the laparoscopic ultrasound probe.

[0087] In this embodiment, the liver model and the human torso model are detachably connected, so that a single human torso model can be combined with different liver models to simulate surgical scenarios for different patients, thereby reducing usage and maintenance costs.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] This embodiment relates to the preparation method of the liver model of the present invention.

[0090] Figure 1 Flowchart of the preparation method according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a liver model comprises:

[0091] Step S102: Acquire liver images;

[0092] Step S104: reconstructing a three-dimensional liver model based on the liver image;

[0093] Step S106: Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing is performed using silicone rubber to prepare a vascular structure;

[0094] Step S108: Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing is performed using a polyethylene film to prepare a liver capsule;

[0095] Step S110: Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing is performed using triclosan to fill the space between the vascular structure and the liver capsule to prepare the liver parenchyma;

[0096] Step S112: After the liver parenchyma is prepared, a 3D-printed liver model is formed.

[0097] In step S102 , the liver image is a liver CT image.

[0098] In step S102, the specific steps of acquiring liver images include:

[0099] intravenous ioversetol;

[0100] The slice thickness was set to 1.0-2.0 mm, and the upper abdomen was scanned to obtain DICOM data.

[0101] In step S104 , the liver image is input into image simulation software to reconstruct a three-dimensional liver model.

[0102] Specifically, image simulation software includes but is not limited to Materialise's interactive medical image control system (MIMICS).

[0103] In step S104, the specific steps of reconstructing the three-dimensional liver model based on the liver image include:

[0104] Read DICOM data;

[0105] A set of scan data in which the grayscale values ​​of the liver, veins, and arteries can be effectively identified is selected for liver reconstruction;

[0106] Open the arterial scan data and reconstruct the hepatic artery;

[0107] Based on the scan data, the structures of the hepatic artery, portal vein, and inferior vena cava / hepatic vein are calculated;

[0108] The gross structure of the liver is marked and calculations are performed based on the scan data to complete the reconstruction of the 3D liver model.

[0109] In step S106, the method further includes:

[0110] Based on the three-dimensional liver model, silicone rubber was used for 3D printing to prepare vascular structures and tumor structures.

[0111] In steps S106 to S110 , 3D printing is performed using FDM.

[0112] Through the above steps, a three-dimensional liver model can be quickly reconstructed based on the liver CT image, and trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether, polyethylene film, and silicone rubber can be selected based on the three-dimensional liver model to print three structures of the liver respectively, thereby reducing material costs and printing costs.

[0113] Example 4

[0114] This embodiment relates to a liver model preparation system, a computer device, and a computer-readable storage medium of the present invention.

[0115] Figure 2: is a framework diagram of a preparation system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, a liver model preparation system 200 includes an image acquisition unit 210, a model reconstruction unit 220, and a 3D printing unit 230. The image acquisition unit 210 is used to acquire liver images; the model reconstruction unit 220 is used to reconstruct a three-dimensional liver model based on the liver images; and the 3D printing unit 230 is used to 3D print the liver model using silicone rubber, polyethylene film, and trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether.

[0116] Example 5

[0117] This embodiment relates to the surgical navigation method of the present invention.

[0118] Figure 3 This is a flow chart (1) of the surgical navigation method according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, a surgical navigation method is used for the liver model described in Examples 1 and 2, comprising:

[0119] Step S302: performing an ultrasound scan on the liver model to obtain a scan result;

[0120] Step S304: Obtain surgical navigation planning based on the scanning results;

[0121] Step S306: Perform simulated surgery on the liver model based on the surgical navigation planning.

[0122] In step S302 , the scan results include the location of the tumor and the location of the portal vein feeding branches.

[0123] In step S306, the simulated surgery includes puncture, resection, etc.

[0124] Through the above steps, the liver model of the present invention can be used to perform simulated surgery before the actual surgery, which can be presented in real time and permanently preserved. Due to the uniqueness and certainty of the liver model, the blindness and misleading caused by the doctor's personal experience can be avoided, greatly improving the surgical efficiency and surgical effect of subsequent real surgery.

[0125] Figure 4 This is a flow chart (II) of the surgical navigation method according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, based on surgical navigation planning, simulated surgery on the liver model includes:

[0126] Step S402: using ultrasound to locate the vascular structure and tumor structure respectively;

[0127] Step S404: dye the tumor structure with dye, and use the dyed area as the resection area.

[0128] In step S404 , the dye includes but is not limited to indocyanine green dye ICG.

[0129] Through the above steps, the range to be resected can be visually displayed using the staining method, which is convenient for guiding doctors to perform real operations and for clinical teaching.

[0130] Example 6

[0131] This embodiment is a specific application embodiment of the present invention.

[0132] Figure 5 is an MRI image of a liver tumor of a patient in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the patient's S7 vent-1.4 cm tumor was suspected to be hepatocellular carcinoma, and laparoscopic liver resection was planned.

[0133] Figure 6 is an image of the surgical navigation method according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the surgical navigation steps are as follows:

[0134] 1. Reconstruction of a 3D liver model

[0135] CTA data acquisition: Ioversol was injected intravenously, and the upper abdomen was scanned with a slice thickness of 1.5 mm to obtain DICOM data.

[0136] MIMICS-based liver reconstruction: Mimics 21.0 reads DICOM data and selects a set of data from which the grayscale values ​​of the liver, veins, and arteries can be effectively identified for liver reconstruction; opens arterial scan data and reconstructs the liver artery; uses Calculate Part to calculate the structures of the hepatic artery, portal vein, and inferior vena cava / hepatic vein; uses the Dynamic Region Grow function under SEGMENT to mark the gross structure of the liver and uses Calculate Part to calculate.

[0137] (2) 3D printing of liver model

[0138] Using an FDM 3D printer, silicone rubber was used as the raw material (Zhangjiagang Chuangli New Materials Co., Ltd.) to print the "intrahepatic vessels" and "tumors";

[0139] The "liver capsule" was printed using an FDM 3D printer using polyethylene film as the raw material (Dezhou Xinqi Environmental Protection Materials Co., Ltd.);

[0140] Fill triclosan between the "liver capsule" and the "intrahepatic vessels and tumors";

[0141] Complete 3D liver printing model (such as Figure 6 (as shown in A).

[0142] (3) Surgical navigation

[0143] Ultrasound scanning of the 3D printed liver model clearly showed that the tumor was located in the S7 vent, and the portal vein supplied the P7 vent. Therefore, during laparoscopic surgery, it was planned to use an ultrasound probe to locate the P7 vent, inject indocyanine green dye ICG, stain the S7 vent, and use this as the resection range (e.g. Figure 6 (as shown in A).

[0144] After steps (1) to (3), the actual surgery can be performed.

[0145] By performing ultrasound scanning on the 3D printed liver model before surgery, the anatomical location of the tumor and the P7 vent portal vein oxygen supply branch can be quickly found during the actual surgery, making it very convenient to puncture the portal vein (such as Figure 6 B~6D).

[0146] In addition, during the actual operation, the resection range planned before the operation can be completed accurately, revealing the P7 vent portal vein trunk RHV and V7 bent (such as Figure 7 A), and the results of the specimen dissection were completely consistent with the preoperative plan (as shown in Figure 7 B).

[0147] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0148] 1. Trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether, polyethylene film, and silicone rubber are all common raw materials used in industrial and agricultural production. They are inexpensive and do not increase the financial burden on patients.

[0149] 2. The liver model of this invention facilitates ultrasound scanning and is more suitable for clinical and teaching use than previous products.

[0150] 3. Mastering laparoscopic liver IOUS requires training in both percutaneous ultrasound and open IOUS. Because IOUS is typically performed by the surgeon, assistants often lack a thorough and in-depth understanding of the anatomical structures within the 2D scanning interface. The liver model provides a more intuitive demonstration of ultrasound scanning techniques and the interpretation of the scanning interface to the surgical team. It can also be conveniently used in surgical teaching and postoperative debriefing, ultimately significantly shortening the IOUS learning curve for all members of the surgical team.

[0151] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0152] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A liver model, produced by 3D printing method, characterized in that: include: liver parenchyma, prepared from triclosan; a vascular structure, the vascular structure being disposed inside the liver parenchyma and made of organic silicone rubber; The liver capsule is arranged to cover the surface of the liver substance and is made of a polyethylene film.

2. The liver model according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: The tumor structure is arranged inside the liver parenchyma and is made of organic silicone rubber.

3. A human body model, characterized in that: include: The human torso model is made of fully transparent silicone material; The liver model according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the liver model is anchored to the human torso model.

4. A method for preparing a liver model, for preparing the liver model according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: include: Obtain liver images; reconstructing a three-dimensional liver model based on the liver image; Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing is performed using silicone rubber to prepare a vascular structure; Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing is performed using polyethylene film to prepare a liver capsule; Based on the three-dimensional liver model, triclosan is used for 3D printing and filled between the vascular structure and the liver capsule to prepare liver parenchyma; After the preparation of the liver parenchyma is completed, a 3D printed liver model is formed.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that Obtaining liver images includes: Obtain CT images of the liver.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that Reconstructing a three-dimensional liver model based on the liver image includes: The liver image is input into image simulation software to reconstruct a three-dimensional liver model.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that Also includes: Based on the three-dimensional liver model, 3D printing was performed using silicone rubber to prepare vascular structures and tumor structures.

8. A liver model preparation system, used to perform the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that: include: an image acquisition unit, used for acquiring liver images; a model reconstruction unit, configured to reconstruct a three-dimensional liver model based on the liver image; The 3D printing unit is used to perform 3D printing based on the three-dimensional liver model using silicone rubber, polyethylene film, and trichlorohydroxydiphenyl ether to prepare a liver model.

9. A surgical navigation method for the liver model according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: include: Performing ultrasound scanning on the liver model to obtain scanning results; Obtaining a surgical navigation plan based on the scanning results; Based on the surgical navigation plan, a simulated surgery is performed on the liver model.

10. The surgical navigation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Performing a simulated surgery on the liver model based on the surgical navigation planning includes: Ultrasound methods are used to locate vascular structures and tumor structures respectively; The tumor structure is stained with dye, and the stained range is used as the resection range.

Images