An extraction and purification device and process for Chinese gallnut tannic acid

Abstract

An extraction and purification device and process for gallnut tannic acid. The device comprises a box body. A water inlet pipe is connected to the left side of the top of the box body, and a feed pipe is connected to the left side of the top of the box body. A motor is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the box body. The output shaft of the motor extends to the top of the inner cavity of the box body and is fixedly connected to a rotating rod. A blade for stirring is fixedly connected to the top of the surface of the rotating rod. A discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the box body, and a valve is fixedly installed on the upper part of the discharge pipe. It is characterized in that an automatic adjustment device is arranged at the lower part of the discharge pipe, and a filter box is connected to the lower part of the discharge pipe. An automatically cleaned filtering device is arranged in the filter box; the present invention provides an extraction and purification method for gallnut tannic acid with stable production quality and high production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an extraction and purification device and process for gallotannic acid. Background Art

[0002] Gallotannic acid is a light yellow to light brown powder at room temperature, with a special smell and extremely astringent taste. Currently, gallotannic acid is mainly extracted from Chinese gallnuts. Chinese gallnuts are a kind of forest by-product, also known as "clam shell", which are early galls formed by aphids parasitizing on the leaves of plants in the Anacardiaceae family, such as Rhus chinensis Mill., Rhus potaninii Maxim., or Rhus punjabensis Stew. var. sinica (Diels) Rehd. et Wils. Gallotannic acid and its series of products produced from Chinese gallnuts are widely used in industries such as medicine, food, leather making, metallurgy, printing and dyeing, electronics, cosmetics, and national defense. Industrial gallotannic acid can be obtained by directly concentrating and drying the extract of Chinese gallnuts. The tannin content extracted from Chinese gallnuts is relatively low, while the impurity content is relatively high, including some gums, plant proteins, starches, glucose, free gallic acid, inorganic salts, etc. A series of purification methods and techniques are needed to improve the purity of gallotannic acid products to varying degrees.

[0003] To facilitate the extraction and purification of gallotannic acid from Chinese gallnuts, Patent Application CN213951050U provides a purification and extraction device for gallotannic acid. Through the combined use of a box body, a heat preservation shell, a temperature sensor, a heating pipe, a water inlet pipe, a support rod, a crushing box, a feeding pipe, a crushing roller, a feeding pipe, a second motor, a rotating rod, a crushing knife, a temperature controller, a stirring frame, a discharge pipe, a filtering box, a filtering frame, a slide rail, a valve, a connecting rod, a first motor, a gear, a fixing rod, a frame body, an ultrafiltration membrane, and a liquid pump, it solves the problems that the existing purification and extraction device for gallotannic acid has poor purification and extraction effects during use, is not convenient for multi-stage crushing of Chinese gallnuts, easily affects the purification and extraction effect of gallotannic acid in Chinese gallnuts, and is not convenient for separating Chinese gallnut residues and extraction liquids after leaching Chinese gallnuts, reducing the practicality of the gallotannic acid purification and extraction device. However, in the prior art, after Chinese gallnuts are crushed and soaked in the box body and then filtered, in the initial stage when valve 20 is opened, there is a relatively large amount of liquid in the box body, and the flow rate from the valve to the filtering box is relatively large. As the liquid gradually flows out, the pressure at the bottom of the box body decreases, and the flow rate will also decrease. Therefore, the flow rate of the liquid flowing into the filtering box is too fast or too slow, resulting in insufficient filtration of the filtering box and unstable quality of the produced gallotannic acid. In addition, the filter screen used for gallotannic acid extraction is only single-layer and fixedly arranged, and the problem that impurities will block the filter screen can occur after a short period of use, and it is necessary to stop the machine to clean or replace the filter screen, reducing the production efficiency of gallotannic acid. In order to achieve on-line cleaning of the filter screen in the prior art, the sewage treatment device provided in Patent CN207024776U provides a multi-layer automatic sewage discharge filter screen, but this device still has problems such as impurity leakage caused by all filter plates being opened simultaneously and the filter plates not being able to close in time only relying on the spring force after being opened. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to avoid the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provides an extraction and purification device and process for gallnut tannic acid with stable production quality and high production efficiency.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the technical problems:

[0006] An extraction and purification device for gallnut tannic acid, the device includes a box body, a water inlet pipe is connected to the left side of the top of the box body, a feed pipe is connected to the left side of the top of the box body, a motor is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the box body, the output shaft of the motor extends to the top of the inner cavity of the box body and is fixedly connected to a rotating rod, a blade for stirring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the rotating rod, a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the box body, a valve is fixedly installed on the upper part of the discharge pipe, and its characterized in that an automatic adjustment device is arranged at the lower part of the discharge pipe, a filter box is connected to the lower part of the discharge pipe, and an automatically cleaned filtering device is arranged in the filter box;

[0007] The automatic adjustment device includes a first tapered sleeve and a second tapered sleeve. The first tapered sleeve can slide into the second tapered sleeve. A first annular cavity is formed between the outer surface of the first tapered sleeve and the inner surface of the second tapered sleeve. A second annular cavity is formed between the outer surface of the second tapered sleeve and the inner surface of the discharge pipe. The first tapered sleeve includes an L-shaped support part and a flexible part. A disc spring is arranged between the upper end surface of the second tapered sleeve and the lower end surface of the support part. A first channel is arranged at the upper part of the second tapered sleeve, and a second channel is arranged at the lower part of the second tapered sleeve. The first channel connects the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity, the second channel connects the second annular cavity and the outlet of the discharge pipe. A diversion cone is formed on the inner surface of the bottom of the second tapered sleeve. The cone angle of the first tapered sleeve relative to the center line of the discharge pipe is smaller than the cone angle of the second tapered sleeve relative to the center line of the discharge pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the filtering device includes an upper filter screen, an upper pin shaft, an upper stop block, an upper collection tank, an upper sewage discharge valve, a lower filter screen, a lower pin shaft, a lower stop block, a lower collection tank, a lower sewage discharge valve. The upper filter screen is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the filter box through the upper pin shaft. A torsion spring is sleeved on the upper pin shaft. An upper collection tank is arranged below the end of the upper filter screen far from the upper pin shaft. An upper stop block is fixed on the inner wall of the filter box above the upper collection tank. A lower filter screen is arranged below the upper filter screen. The lower filter screen is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the filter box through the lower pin shaft. A torsion spring is sleeved on the lower pin shaft. A lower collection tank is arranged below the end of the lower filter screen far from the upper pin shaft. A lower stop block is fixed on the inner wall of the filter box above the lower collection tank. An interlocking device is arranged between the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. The interlocking device includes an upper magnetic block fixed on the lower surface of the upper filter screen and a lower magnetic block arranged on the upper surface of the lower filter screen. The upper magnetic block is connected to the upper filter screen through a connecting rod. A water return component with a triangular cross-section is arranged below both the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. The length of the water return component extending inwards is greater than the length of the upper collection tank and the lower collection tank extending inwards.

[0009] Furthermore, connecting rods are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the box body, and a filter box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rods.

[0010] Furthermore, several rows of discontinuous supporting protrusions are arranged on the inner surface of the second conical sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, an upper sewage discharge valve for controlling sewage discharge is arranged on the pipeline connecting the collecting tank to the outside, and a lower sewage discharge valve for controlling sewage discharge is arranged on the pipeline connecting the lower collecting tank to the outside.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper surfaces of the upper stop block and the lower stop block are both inclined.

[0013] Furthermore, a heating pipe and a heat preservation shell are fixedly connected to the surface of the box body, and the heating pipe is located in the inner cavity of the heat preservation shell.

[0014] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the box body, and a temperature controller is fixedly installed on the heat preservation shell.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of heating pipes is several, and they are evenly distributed on the surface of the box body.

[0016] A process for the extraction and purification of gallotannic acid, which uses an extraction and purification device for gallotannic acid. The specific process is as follows: Add gallnut powder through the feed pipe, add water through the water inlet pipe, leach the gallnut powder, start the motor through the controller, and the output shaft of the motor drives the rotating rod to rotate to enhance the leaching effect of the gallnut; after the leaching is completed, open the valve so that the medium can stably flow to the filter box through the automatic adjustment device. The automatic cleaning in the filter box can reliably filter the waste of the gallnut. The liquid pump pumps the filtered liquid and discharges it into the ultrafiltration membrane, and the ultrafiltration membrane filters the fine residues in the extract to achieve the extraction and purification of gallotannic acid.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. An automatic adjustment device is arranged at the lower part of the discharge pipe, including a first conical sleeve and a second conical sleeve with different tapers. The first conical sleeve is slidably inserted into the second conical sleeve. A first annular cavity is formed between the outer surface of the first conical sleeve and the inner surface of the second conical sleeve, and a second annular cavity is formed between the outer surface of the second conical sleeve and the inner surface of the discharge pipe. The first conical sleeve includes an L-shaped support part and a flexible part, and a disc spring is arranged between the upper end surface of the second conical sleeve and the lower end surface of the support part; it automatically reduces the flow area at high liquid levels and automatically increases the flow area at low liquid levels, and can achieve the effect that the speed fluctuation of the liquid flowing to the filter box is small under different liquid level conditions, solving the problem that the speed of the liquid flowing to the filter box is too fast or too slow, resulting in insufficient filtration of the filter box and unstable quality of the produced tannic acid.

[0019] 2. An automatic cleaning filter device is provided inside the filter box. The filter device includes a rotatable upper filter screen and a lower filter screen. An interlocking device is arranged between the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. When the upper filter screen tilts downward to open, the upper magnetic block fixed on the lower surface of the upper filter screen will move downward accordingly, and the attraction between the upper magnetic block and the lower magnetic block increases, so that the lower filter screen will not fall, thus ensuring that the lower filter screen and the upper filter screen do not open simultaneously, and improving the reliability of the filter device; Return water components with a triangular cross-section are arranged below both the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen, which can cause turbulence and backflow of the medium on the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. The upward flowing back medium can help the opened upper filter screen and lower filter screen to abut against the upper stop block and the lower stop block as soon as possible, solving the problem that the filter plate cannot be closed in time only by the spring force after it is opened. At the same time, the flowing back medium can also help the impurities on the filter screen to better separate from the filter screen and slide into the collection tank. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is for the present invention Figure 1 A sectional view of part A in

[0022] Figure 3 It is a right view of the present invention. Embodiment

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] Figures 1-3An extraction and purification device for Chinese gallnut tannic acid is shown. The device includes a box body 1. The left side of the top of the box body 1 is connected to a water inlet pipe 5, and the left side of the top of the box body 1 is connected to a feed pipe 10. The crushed Chinese gallnut powder is put into the box body 1 through the feed pipe 10. A motor 11 is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the box body 1. The output shaft of the motor 11 extends to the top of the inner cavity of the box body 1 and is fixedly connected to a rotating rod 12. A blade 13 for stirring is fixedly connected to the top of the surface of the rotating rod 12, which can facilitate the stirring of the Chinese gallnuts at the bottom of the inner cavity of the box body 1 to increase the extraction effect. A temperature sensor 3 is fixedly installed on the left side of the inner cavity of the box body 1. Through the combined use of the temperature sensor 3 and a temperature controller 14, the temperature of the heating pipe 4 can be easily controlled. A heating pipe 4 and a heat preservation shell 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the surface of the box body 1. A temperature controller 14 is fixedly installed on the right side of the heat preservation shell 2. By setting the heat preservation shell 2, the heat loss of the box body 1 can be easily prevented. The heating pipe 4 is located in the inner cavity of the heat preservation shell 2. The number of the heating pipes 4 is several and they are evenly distributed on the surface of the box body 1. The bottom of the box body 1 is connected to a discharge pipe 16. A valve 20 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the discharge pipe 16. An automatic adjustment device 100 is arranged at the lower part of the discharge pipe 16. Connecting rods 21 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the box body 1. The bottom of the connecting rod 21 is fixedly connected to a filter box 17. An automatically cleaned filtering device is arranged in the filter box 17. The bottom of the discharge pipe 16 extends to the top of the inner cavity of the filter box 17. A liquid pump 27 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the filter box 17. The water inlet end of the liquid pump 27 penetrates through the bottom of the inner cavity of the filter box 17 through a pipeline. An ultrafiltration membrane 26 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the heat preservation shell 2. The water outlet end of the liquid pump 27 is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the ultrafiltration membrane 26 through a pipeline. A controller is fixedly installed on the right side of the filter box 17, and the output end of the controller is electrically connected to the input ends of the temperature controller 14 and the motor 11 respectively. The output end of the temperature sensor 3 is electrically connected to the input end of the temperature controller 14. The output end of the temperature controller 14 is electrically connected to the input end of the heating pipe 4.

[0025] As Figure 2The specific structure of the automatic adjustment device 100 provided in the discharge pipe 16 is shown. The automatic adjustment device 100 includes a first tapered sleeve 110 and a second tapered sleeve 120. The first tapered sleeve 110 is slidably inserted into the second tapered sleeve 120. A first annular cavity is formed between the outer surface of the first tapered sleeve 110 and the inner surface of the second tapered sleeve 120. A second annular cavity is formed between the outer surface of the second tapered sleeve 120 and the inner surface of the discharge pipe 16. The first tapered sleeve 110 includes an L-shaped support portion 111 and a flexible portion 120. A disc spring 113 is provided between the upper end surface of the second tapered sleeve 120 and the lower end surface of the support portion 111. A first channel 123 is provided in the upper part of the second tapered sleeve 120, and a second channel 122 is provided in the lower part of the second tapered sleeve 120. The first channel 123 communicates the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity, and the second channel 122 communicates the second annular cavity and the outlet of the discharge pipe 16. A flow splitting cone 121 is formed on the inner surface of the bottom of the second tapered sleeve 120. The taper angle of the first tapered sleeve 110 relative to the center line of the discharge pipe 16 is smaller than the taper angle of the second tapered sleeve 120 relative to the center line of the discharge pipe 16, that is, the size of the first annular cavity gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0026] The working process of the automatic adjustment device 100 is as follows: At the initial stage when the valve 20 is opened, the liquid level in the box body 1 is relatively high, and the flow velocity and pressure flowing towards the automatic adjustment device 100 are relatively large. At this time, under the impact of the medium, the upper end surface of the support part 111 compresses the disc spring 113, and the first cone sleeve 110 moves downward relative to the second cone sleeve 120. Since the size of the first annular cavity gradually decreases from top to bottom, at this time, the size of the flow channel between the first cone sleeve 110 and the second cone sleeve 120 decreases, reducing the velocity of the medium flowing towards the filter box; as the liquid level in the box body 1 gradually decreases, the flow velocity and pressure flowing towards the automatic adjustment device 100 also gradually decrease, the disc spring 113 gradually returns, the size of the flow channel between the first cone sleeve 110 and the second cone sleeve 120 gradually increases, and the velocity of the medium flowing towards the filter box also increases accordingly. At the same time, since the lower flexible part 120 of the first cone sleeve is made of an elastic material, and since a flow dividing cone 121 is provided on the inner surface of the bottom of the second cone sleeve 120, there will be a certain pressure loss of the medium, resulting in different pressures on the inner and outer sides of the flexible part 112. The pressure on the inner side is greater than the pressure on the outer side. Under the action of the pressure difference, the flexible part 120 expands outward, further reducing the size of the first annular cavity and further reducing the velocity of the medium flowing towards the filter box. As the liquid level in the box body 1 gradually decreases, the flow velocity and pressure decrease accordingly, and the pressure loss of the medium after flowing through the flow dividing cone 121 also decreases accordingly, reducing the pressure difference between the inner and outer sides of the flexible part 120. The flexible part 112 gradually returns under the action of its own elastic force, and the velocity of the medium flowing towards the filter box further increases. In summary, the automatic adjustment device 100 automatically reduces the flow area at high liquid levels and automatically increases the flow area at low liquid levels, and can achieve the effect of small fluctuations in the velocity of the liquid flowing towards the filter box under different liquid level conditions, solving the problems of too fast or too slow velocity of the liquid flowing towards the filter box, resulting in insufficient filtration of the filter box and unstable quality of the produced tannic acid.

[0027] In order to prevent the flexible part from being completely flattened due to too much pressure and to ensure a certain flow area, several rows of discontinuous support protrusions 125 are provided on the inner surface of the second cone sleeve 120.

[0028] The automatic cleaning filter device in the filter box 17 includes an upper filter screen 210, an upper pin shaft 212, an upper stopper 211, an upper collection tank 213, an upper sewage discharge valve 215, a lower filter screen 220, a lower pin shaft 222, a lower stopper 221, a lower collection tank 223, and a lower sewage discharge valve 225. The upper filter screen 210 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the filter box 17 through the upper pin shaft 212. A torsion spring (not shown in the figure) is sleeved on the upper pin shaft 212, and the torsion spring makes the upper filter screen 210 abut against the upper stopper 211. An upper collection tank 213 is arranged below one end of the upper filter screen away from the upper pin shaft 212. An upper sewage discharge valve 215 for controlling sewage discharge is arranged on the pipeline connecting the upper collection tank to the outside. A lower filter screen 220 is arranged below the upper filter 210. The lower filter screen 220 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the filter box 17 through the lower pin shaft 222. A torsion spring (not shown in the figure) is sleeved on the lower pin shaft 212, and the torsion spring makes the lower filter screen 220 abut against the lower stopper 221. A lower collection tank 223 is arranged below one end of the lower filter screen away from the upper pin shaft 222. A lower sewage discharge valve 225 for controlling sewage discharge is arranged on the pipeline connecting the lower collection tank to the outside. An interlock device is arranged between the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. The interlock device includes an upper magnet 232 fixed on the lower surface of the upper filter screen 210 and a lower magnet 233 arranged on the upper surface of the lower filter screen. The upper magnet 232 is connected to the upper filter screen through a connecting rod 231. The upper magnet 232 and the lower magnet 233 are arranged to attract each other. Return water components with a triangular cross-section are arranged below both the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. The length of the return water component extending inward is greater than the length of the upper collection tank and the lower collection tank extending inward.

[0029] The upper surfaces of the upper stopper and the lower stopper are both inclined to prevent impurities from accumulating on their upper surfaces.

[0030] The working process of the automatically cleaned filtering device in the filtering tank 17 is as follows: The mixed medium flowing from the discharge pipe 16 to the filtering tank 17 is filtered successively through the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. Since the mixed medium first passes through the upper filter screen on the upper side, more impurities will accumulate on the upper surface of the upper filter screen first. As the impurities increase, the weight on the upper filter screen also gradually increases. The increase in impurities will also block more filter holes of the upper filter screen, and the resistance of the upper filter screen to the medium will gradually increase. When the elastic force of the coil spring sleeved on the upper pin shaft 212 cannot support the gravity and resistance of the impurities on the upper filter screen, the upper filter screen will tilt and open, causing the impurities accumulated on the upper surface of the upper filter screen to slide into the upper collection tank 213. As the impurities and resistance on the upper filter screen decrease, the upper filter screen realizes automatic cleaning under the action of the torsion spring. The setting of the lower filter screen is similar to that of the upper filter screen, and it can realize on-line automatic cleaning of the same process, avoiding the equipment from stopping running due to the accumulation of impurities. In order to prevent a large amount of impurity leakage caused by the simultaneous opening of the lower filter screen and the upper filter screen, an interlock device is arranged between the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. When the upper filter screen tilts downward and opens, the upper magnetic block 232 fixed to the lower surface of the upper filter screen 210 will move downward accordingly, and the attraction between the upper magnetic block 232 and the lower magnetic block 233 increases, so that the lower filter screen will not fall, thus ensuring that the lower filter screen and the upper filter screen do not open simultaneously and improving the reliability of the filtering device. Return water components with a triangular cross-section are arranged below both the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen, which can cause turbulence and backflow of the medium on the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. The medium flowing upward can help the opened upper filter screen and lower filter screen to abut against the upper stop block 211 and the lower stop block as soon as possible, solving the problem that the filter plate cannot be closed in time only by the spring force after it is opened. At the same time, the backflowing medium can also help the impurities on the filter screen to better separate from the filter screen and slide into the collection tank.

[0031] During use, Chinese gallnut powder is added through the feed pipe 10, water is added through the water inlet pipe 5, the motor 11 is started through the controller, the output shaft of the motor 11 drives the rotating rod 12 to rotate, the rotating rod 12 drives the blades 13 to rotate and stir, the temperature controller 14 starts the heating pipe 4, and the heating pipe 4 heats the box body 1 to extract the Chinese gallnut. During the extraction process, the stirring frame 15 stirs the Chinese gallnut to increase the extraction effect of the Chinese gallnut. The temperature sensor 3 detects the extraction temperature and transmits it into the temperature controller 14. The temperature controller 14 controls the working time of the heating pipe 4 to adjust the extraction temperature of the Chinese gallnut. After the extraction is completed, the valve 20 is opened to enable the medium to flow stably to the filtering tank 17 through the automatic adjustment device 100. The automatic cleaning in the filtering tank 17 can reliably filter the waste of the Chinese gallnut. The liquid pump 27 pumps the filtered liquid and discharges it into the ultrafiltration membrane 26. The ultrafiltration membrane 26 filters the fine residues in the extract to realize the extraction and purification of Chinese gallnut tannic acid.

[0032] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extraction and purification device for gallnut tannic acid. The device includes a box body. A water inlet pipe and a feed pipe are connected to the left side of the top of the box body. A motor is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the box body. The output shaft of the motor extends to the top of the inner cavity of the box body and is fixedly connected to a rotating rod. A blade for stirring is fixedly connected to the top of the surface of the rotating rod. The bottom of the box body is connected to a discharge pipe. A valve is fixedly installed on the upper part of the discharge pipe. It is characterized in that, An automatic adjustment device is provided at the lower part of the discharge pipe, and a filter box is connected below the discharge pipe, and an automatically cleaned filtering device is arranged in the filter box; The automatic adjustment device includes a first conical sleeve and a second conical sleeve. The first conical sleeve is slidably inserted into the second conical sleeve. A first annular cavity is formed between the outer surface of the first conical sleeve and the inner surface of the second conical sleeve. A second annular cavity is formed between the outer surface of the second conical sleeve and the inner surface of the discharge pipe. The first conical sleeve includes an L-shaped support portion and a flexible portion below the support portion. A disc spring is arranged between the upper end surface of the second conical sleeve and the lower end surface of the support portion. A first channel and a second channel are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the second conical sleeve. The first channel communicates the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity. The second channel communicates the second annular cavity and the outlet of the discharge pipe. A diversion cone is formed on the inner surface of the bottom of the second conical sleeve. The cone angle of the first conical sleeve relative to the center line of the discharge pipe is smaller than the cone angle of the second conical sleeve relative to the center line of the discharge pipe; The fluid entering the discharge pipe flows through the inside of the first conical sleeve, then deflects into the first annular cavity, then deflects into the second annular cavity through the first channel, and finally enters the outlet of the discharge pipe through the second channel; The filtering device includes an upper filter screen, an upper pin shaft, an upper stop block, an upper collection tank, an upper sewage discharge valve, a lower filter screen, a lower pin shaft, a lower stop block, a lower collection tank, a lower sewage discharge valve. A lower filter screen is arranged below the upper filter screen. The upper filter screen and the lower filter screen are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the filter box through the upper pin shaft and the lower pin shaft. A coil spring is sleeved on the upper pin shaft. An upper collection tank is arranged below the end of the upper filter screen far from the upper pin shaft. An upper stop block is fixed on the inner wall of the filter box above the upper collection tank. A coil spring is sleeved on the lower pin shaft. A lower collection tank is arranged below the end of the lower filter screen far from the lower pin shaft. A lower stop block is fixed on the inner wall of the filter box above the lower collection tank. An interlocking device is arranged between the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. The interlocking device includes an upper magnetic block fixed on the lower surface of the upper filter screen and a lower magnetic block arranged on the upper surface of the lower filter screen. The upper magnetic block is connected to the upper filter screen through a connecting rod. The upper magnetic block and the lower magnetic block are arranged to attract each other. A return water component with a triangular cross-section is arranged below both the upper filter screen and the lower filter screen. The length of the return water component extending inward is greater than the length of the upper collection tank and the lower collection tank extending inward.

2. The extraction and purification equipment according to claim 1, wherein connecting rods are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the box body, and a filter box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rods.

3. The extraction and purification equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rows of discontinuous support protrusions are arranged on the inner surface of the second conical sleeve.

4. The extraction and purification equipment according to claim 1, wherein an upper sewage discharge valve for controlling sewage discharge is arranged on the pipeline connecting the collection tank to the outside, and a lower sewage discharge valve for controlling sewage discharge is arranged on the pipeline connecting the lower collection tank to the outside.

5. The extraction and purification equipment according to claim 1, wherein the upper surfaces of the upper stop block and the lower stop block are both inclined.

6. The extraction and purification equipment according to claim 1, wherein a heating pipe and a heat preservation shell are fixedly connected to the surface of the box body, and the heating pipe is located in the inner cavity of the heat preservation shell.

7. The extraction and purification equipment according to claim 6, wherein a temperature sensor is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the box body, and a temperature controller is fixedly installed on the heat preservation shell.

8. The extraction and purification equipment according to claim 6, wherein the number of heating tubes is several and they are evenly distributed on the surface of the box body.

9. A process for the extraction and purification of gallotannic acid. This process uses the extraction and purification equipment for gallotannic acid according to any one of claims 1-8. The specific process is as follows: Add gallnut powder through the feed pipe, add water through the water inlet pipe, and perform leaching on the gallnut powder. Start the motor through the controller, and the output shaft of the motor drives the rotating rod to rotate to enhance the leaching effect of the gallnut. After the leaching is completed, open the valve so that the medium can stably flow to the filter box through the automatic adjustment device, and the automatic cleaning in the filter box can reliably filter the waste of the gallnut.

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