Gap constant cavity device of high pressure homogenizer and processing method of difficultly dispersed material

Abstract

The application discloses a high-pressure homogenizer fixed-gap cavity device and a treatment method of difficult-to-disperse materials. The fixed-gap cavity device comprises a valve body and a valve core assembly. The valve core assembly forms one or more fluid collision units. The fluid collision unit comprises upper and lower core bodies. The upper core body comprises a main body part, a first matching part and a second matching part. The lower core body has a first matching cavity, a homogenization cavity, a second matching cavity and a collision cavity. When the upper and lower core bodies are inserted and assembled, the second matching part sequentially forms an annular homogenization groove between the inner wall of the homogenization cavity, a conical cavity gap between the inner wall of the second matching cavity and a collision area between the inner wall of the collision cavity from top to bottom. The shunt channel, the annular homogenization groove, the cavity gap and the collision area are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The application has the advantages of high yield, good homogenization effect, simple structure, high pressure bearing, low processing requirement and manufacturing cost, and multiple or multi-stage collisions in the flow of fluid in and out of the cavity device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure homogenization technology, specifically to a fixed-gap cavity device for a high-pressure homogenizer, and also to a method for processing difficult-to-disperse materials. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, high-pressure homogenizers, also known as "high-pressure fluid nano-homogenizers," use a crankshaft connecting rod structure as their power source. Together with a high-pressure module, they form a plunger pump that continuously delivers samples to a homogenizing valve. Due to the special structure of the homogenizing valve, three effects are generated: cavitation effect, bursting effect, and shearing effect, thereby achieving emulsification, homogenization, and dispersion.

[0003] Meanwhile, with the application of high-pressure homogenizers in the crushing and exfoliation of graphene, there are two common types: T-type interactive cavity high-pressure homogenizers and Y-type interactive cavity high-pressure homogenizers.

[0004] like Figure 1 As shown, the T-type interactive cavity high-pressure homogenizer includes a fixed sleeve 1', a steel ring 2', a floating block 3', and a spring 4'. The fixed sleeve 1' forms a fluid channel. The floating block 3' closes the outlet port of the fluid channel under the elastic resistance of the spring 4'. When high-pressure fluid material enters from the inlet port of the fluid channel and overcomes the elastic force, the floating block 3' moves, creating a gap between itself and the fixed sleeve 1'. At this point, the fluid channel and the internal channel of the steel ring 2' are connected, forming a T-type interactive cavity. Therefore, the fluid material will be ejected radially along the gap and impact the steel ring 2', thereby causing material crushing and separation. Although the T-type interactive cavity high-pressure homogenizer has a large output (up to 2000 liters / hour) and the interactive cavity is relatively easy to prepare, making it the main type currently used in China, its operating pressure should not be too high (generally less than 100 MPa). Otherwise, the steel ring will be quickly punctured, and impurities will be generated. Therefore, its crushing effect is limited by pressure.

[0005] like Figure 2As shown, the Y-type interactive cavity high-pressure homogenizer includes a body forming a fluid passage, wherein the fluid passage includes inlet passage a', outlet passage b' and distribution passage c' located on the same center line, wherein the distribution passage c' respectively connects the inlet passage a' and the outlet passage b', and constitutes a Y-type interactive cavity, two high-pressure fluid materials collide at a certain angle (the angle can be equal to zero) at high speed through the micro-holes, so as to break the materials, because of the mutual collision between the materials, it can withstand a larger pressure. At the same time, the micro-holes of the Y-type interactive cavity are very small, generally 0.1mm, and the maximum is 0.4mm, so it is also called micro-jet, and its yield is relatively low, and the maximum yield of the micro-jet in the international is about 500 liters / hour, so that the Y-type interactive cavity high-pressure homogenizer not only has low yield, but also has high hardness of the core part, high machining precision and high manufacturing cost (generally, the price of the Y-type high-pressure homogenizer is several times higher than that of the T-type high-pressure homogenizer with the same yield).

[0006] In addition, in the above-mentioned T-type interactive cavity high-pressure homogenizer and Y-type interactive cavity high-pressure homogenizer, the following defects exist: 1. Since the fluid is not subjected to uniform distribution of particles in the fluid and pressurization treatment, if the fluid is directly collided, the collision force between the particles is different due to the uneven distribution of the particles, and the formed pressure cannot be instantaneously increased, so the collision force is small, thereby greatly affecting the breaking and peeling effect of the particles; 2. The fluid flowing through the inlet and outlet passages is only collided once, if multiple or multi-stage collisions are required, the material needs to be repeatedly fed into the cavity, so the fluid cannot complete multiple or multi-stage collisions in one flow, that is, the processing efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide an improved high-pressure homogenizer gap cavity device, which can greatly increase the micro-jet flow and homogenization effect of the fluid, improve the breaking and peeling effect and efficiency of the particles, has a simple structure, can withstand a larger pressure, has low machining requirement and manufacturing cost, and can sequentially undergo multiple collisions or multi-stage collisions of smaller particle sizes in one flow of the fluid in the cavity device, thereby improving the breaking and peeling effect and efficiency of the particles.

[0008] At the same time, the present application also relates to a treatment method of a difficult-to-disperse material.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0010] The application discloses a fixed-gap cavity device of a high-pressure homogenizer, which comprises a valve body provided with an inlet channel and an outlet channel, a valve core assembly, the valve core assembly forms one or more fluid collision units, the fluid collision unit comprises an upper core body and a lower core body, the upper core body is provided with a shunt channel communicated with the inlet channel, and the upper core body comprises a main body part, a first matching part in a conical frustum shape arranged below the main body part and a second matching part in a conical body shape arranged below the first matching part, wherein the first matching part and the second matching part are tapered from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the lower end of the first matching part is larger than the outer diameter of the upper end of the second matching part; the lower core body is provided with a first matching cavity, a homogenizing cavity, a second matching cavity and a collision cavity communicated in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first matching cavity and the second matching cavity are both in a conical frustum shape with a gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom, the homogenizing cavity is arranged between the first matching cavity and the second matching cavity, and the inner wall of the homogenizing cavity is concave relative to the inner wall of the first matching cavity and the second matching cavity; the upper core body is partially inserted into the lower core body, wherein the first matching part of the upper core body is at least partially and tightly fitted into the first matching cavity; the second matching part of the upper core body is sequentially formed with an annular homogenizing groove between the inner wall of the homogenizing cavity from top to bottom, a conical cavity gap between the inner wall of the second matching cavity and the inner wall of the collision cavity, and a collision area between the inner wall of the collision cavity from top to bottom, and the shunt channel, the annular homogenizing groove, the cavity gap and the collision area are sequentially communicated from top to bottom.

[0011] According to a specific implementation and a preferred aspect of the application, the fluid collision unit is one, and the valve body is further provided with a first installation groove and a second installation groove communicated in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the inlet channel comprises an inlet joint arranged in the first installation groove and formed with a flow channel in the interior, the inlet joint abuts against the upper end of the main body part and tightly abuts the upper core body and the lower core body relative to each other; the upper core body and the lower core body are respectively and tightly abutted and installed in the second installation groove from the circumferential surface, and the second installation groove is communicated with the outlet channel from the groove bottom. Here, the installation groove is arranged to facilitate the assembly of the valve core.

[0012] Preferably, the lower part of the inlet joint is formed with a plug-in end, the main body part is formed with a joint plug-in groove matched with the plug-in end, when the plug-in end is matched with the joint plug-in groove, a first sealed cavity is formed between the inlet joint and the first installation groove, a second sealed cavity is formed between the first matching part, the lower core body and the groove wall of the second installation groove, and the valve body is further provided with a first pressure relief channel and a second pressure relief channel communicated with the first sealed cavity and the second sealed cavity respectively. With the arrangement of the pressure relief channel, the tight sealing between the inlet joint and the upper core body and the tight sealing between the upper core body and the lower core body can be observed at any time through the pressure relief channel, and once the tight sealing leaks, the fluid can be discharged through the corresponding pressure relief channel, so that the phenomenon of the fluid leaking and spraying due to the insufficient sealing and hurting people can be avoided.

[0013] Preferably, the shunt channel sequentially passes through the first matching part and the second matching part from top to bottom, and the upper end and the lower end of the shunt channel are respectively communicated with the joint plug-in groove and the annular homogenizing groove.

[0014] In a further embodiment, the lower core body is further provided with an expanding flow cavity which is downwardly tapered and has an increasing inner diameter, the expanding flow cavity is in communication with the discharge passage at its lower end, and the taper angle θ of the expanding flow cavity is in the range of 50° to 120°, preferably in the range of 52° to 110°, and more preferably in the range of 60° to 72°, 75° to 86° or 90° to 105°. In the processing experiments of the graphene-containing slurry, it has been proved that the dispersion effect is better when the taper angle θ is about 70° than when the taper angle θ is in other ranges.

[0015] Preferably, the first mating cavity, the second mating cavity, the collision cavity and the expanding flow cavity are coaxially arranged. Thus, the fluid ejected from the gap of the conical cavity can be more uniformly collided in the center of the collision area, and the collision and dispersion can also be relatively generated in the expanding flow cavity.

[0016] According to a further specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present application, the fluid collision unit has two, and the two fluid collision units are arranged in an up-down distribution, wherein the flow dividing channel, the homogenizing groove, the gap of the conical cavity, and the collision area of each fluid collision unit are sequentially communicated from top to bottom and form a fluid processing channel, the two fluid processing channels are in sealed communication, and the fluid introduced from the feed passage sequentially passes through the two fluid processing channels to complete the step-by-step collision and is discharged from the discharge passage. In the fluid flow in the container cavity device, the fluid sequentially passes through two or two stages of collision, greatly shortens the time of fluid flow, and improves the effect and efficiency of particle crushing and peeling.

[0017] Preferably, the valve core assembly includes an upper valve core and a lower valve core, wherein the upper valve core and the lower valve core each include an upper core body and a lower core body, and the upper core body of the lower valve core is inserted and fitted into the lower core body of the upper valve core. Here, through the insertion and fitting, the installation of the two valve cores is completed, and the sealed communication between the two fluid processing channels is effectively realized.

[0018] According to a further embodiment of the present application, the valve body is further provided with a first installation groove and a second installation groove in communication with each other, wherein the feed passage includes a feed connector installed in the first installation groove and internally forming a flow channel, the feed connector is in abutment with the upper end of the main body portion of the upper valve core and is installed in the second installation groove to tightly fit the upper valve core and the lower valve core, and the second installation groove is in communication with the discharge passage at the bottom of the groove. Here, the assembly between the two valve cores is very convenient.

[0019] Preferably, the lower part of the feed connector forms a plug-in end, the main body portion of the upper valve core forms a connector insertion groove matched with the plug-in end, the main body portion of the lower valve core forms a material receiving passage, and the upper part of the main body portion of the lower valve core is inserted into the lower core body of the upper valve core, and the material receiving passage is in communication with the flow dividing channel of the lower valve core.

[0020] In some specific and preferred embodiments of the present application, the first closed cavity is formed between the feed joint and the first mounting groove, the second closed cavity is formed between the first matching part of the upper valve core, the lower core body and the groove wall of the second mounting groove, the third closed cavity is formed between the lower core body of the upper valve core, the upper core body of the lower valve core and the groove wall of the second mounting groove, the fourth closed cavity is formed between the first matching part of the lower valve core, the lower core body and the groove wall of the second mounting groove, and the valve body is further provided with a first pressure relief channel, a second pressure relief channel, a third pressure relief channel and a fourth pressure relief channel which are respectively communicated with the first closed cavity, the second closed cavity, the third closed cavity and the fourth closed cavity. With the pressure relief channels, whether the sealing between the feed joint and the upper core body and the sealing between the upper core body and the lower core body leak can be observed at any time, and once the sealing leaks, the fluid can be discharged through the corresponding pressure relief channel, avoiding the phenomenon that the fluid is sprayed out due to insufficient sealing and causes injury.

[0021] According to a further embodiment of the present application, the lower core body of the upper valve core and the lower core body of the lower valve core are further respectively provided with an expanding cavity which is downward from the bottom of the collision cavity and has a tapered shape with a gradually increasing inner diameter, wherein the taper angle θ of the expanding cavity is 50°-120°, the taper angle θ is preferably 52°-110°, and specifically, the taper angle θ can be 60°-72°, 75°-86° or 90°-105°. In the processing experiment of the slurry containing graphene, it has been proved that when the taper angle θ is about 70°, the dispersion effect is better than that of other angles. The center lines of the first matching cavity, the second matching cavity, the collision cavity and the expanding cavity are arranged in line; the main part of the lower valve core has a tapered shape matching the expanding cavity from top to bottom, and when the two fluid processing channels are in sealed communication, the main part is sealed and fitted in the inner wall of the expanding cavity of the upper valve core from the upper part, and the upper end of the receiving channel is communicated with the expanding cavity of the upper valve core. While the expanding cavity can realize the collision and dispersion of fluid itself, it can also smoothly complete the sealing butt joint between the upper and lower valve cores.

[0022] The joint insertion groove comprises a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first cavity has a tapered shape with a gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom, and the taper angle γ of the tapered shape is 50°-120°, wherein the taper angle γ is preferably 55°-90°, and specifically, the taper angle γ can be 60°-68°, 70°-81° or 84°-89°. In the processing experiment of the slurry containing graphene, it has been proved that when the taper angle γ is about 60°, the sealing effect is better than that of other angles.

[0023] The second cavity extends downward along the bottom of the first cavity in a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical shape is equal to the outer diameter of the lower end of the first cavity; the third cavity extends downward from the bottom of the cylindrical shape in a conical shape with a gradually decreasing inner diameter, and the conical angle of the third cavity is greater than the frustum conical angle of the first cavity. The structural design of the joint insertion groove can achieve better disassembly resistance effect, and also better fluid distribution.

[0024] In further embodiments, the first fitting part, the second fitting part, the first fitting cavity, the second fitting cavity, and the taper of the cavity gap of each fluid collision unit are the same, and the optimal taper angle β of each cavity part is 60°-120°. In addition, in terms of improving the emulsification, homogenization, and dispersion of fluid particles, the taper angle β is preferably 85°-110°, and specifically, the taper angle β can be 88°-92° (a right angle), 94°-101°, or 102°-110°. In the processing experiment of the graphene-containing slurry, it has been proved that when the taper angle β is about 90°, it has better processing effect compared with other angles.

[0025] Preferably, the center lines of the first fitting part, the second fitting part, the first fitting cavity, the second fitting cavity, the cavity gap, and the annular homogenization groove of each fluid collision unit coincide. Therefore, the fluid sprayed from the cavity gap can be more uniformly collided in the center of the collision area.

[0026] According to further embodiments of the present application, the vertical distance δ between the second fitting part and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity at the frustum-shaped cavity gap is equal, and preferably, the vertical distance δ between the second fitting part and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity is 0.01-0.1 mm. Under the limitation of this vertical distance, the fluid in the homogenization cavity can be pressurized and sprayed, and the pressure of the fluid sprayed from the equal gap is kept the same to optimally implement the central collision.

[0027] Preferably, the outer diameter of the lower end of the first fitting part, the outer diameter of the upper end of the second fitting part, and the vertical distance δ between the circumferential surface of the middle part of the second fitting part and the inner wall of the upper cavity satisfy the relationship: D-D1=δ. Under the difference of the variable diameter formed by the outer diameters, the gap width of the frustum-shaped cavity gap can be set.

[0028] The processing effect of the device can be further optimized by optimizing the design of one or more of the aperture, the groove depth, and the taper formed. In some specific and preferred embodiments of the present application, the outer diameter of the lower end of the first fitting part is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the lower end of the first fitting cavity, the groove depth of the homogenizing cavity is more than 5 times the vertical distance between the second fitting part and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity, and preferably, the groove depth of the homogenizing cavity is 5-8 times the vertical distance between the second fitting part and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity. The upper end inner diameter of the second fitting cavity, the lower end inner diameter of the second fitting cavity, and the vertical distance between the second fitting part and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity satisfy the following relationship: (d1-d2) / 2≥3δ.

[0029] In some specific and preferred embodiments of the present application, the distance between the shunt channel and the center line of the main body part gradually increases from top to bottom. Meanwhile, the shunt channel has 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and when the number of shunt channels is 2 or more, the plurality of shunt channels are uniformly spaced around the center line of the main body part. This design can achieve uniform fluid distribution, thereby achieving relatively uniform homogenization pretreatment in the annular homogenizing groove.

[0030] Another technical solution of the present application is a processing method for a difficult-to-disperse material, which employs a high-pressure homogenizer comprising the above-mentioned fixed-gap container device, and performs one or more levels of dispersion, fragmentation, or peeling treatment on a fluid containing the difficult-to-disperse material.

[0031] According to further embodiments of the present application, the difficult-to-disperse material includes graphene; and / or, the fluid containing the difficult-to-disperse material is continuously fed into the fixed-gap container device at a pressure of 150-400 MPa by a high-pressure pump; and / or, the mass content of the difficult-to-disperse material in the fluid containing the difficult-to-disperse material is 2-15%, and the processing capacity is 500-3000 liters / hour.

[0032] Thanks to the implementation of the above technical solutions, the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0033] The structure of the existing cavity device cannot meet the requirements of high pressure, high fluid micro jet flow, uniform distribution of particles in the fluid, and reducing processing requirements and cost, and the like, and the present application ingeniously solves various deficiencies of the existing structure by overall design of the structure of the cavity device. After the fluid is introduced into the cavity device, the fluid is first pretreated uniformly, then instantaneously pressurized through the taper cavity gap, and guided and oriented by the valve core taper end for high pressure collision. Compared with the existing structure, on the one hand, the particles in the fluid can not only be uniformly distributed to form a conical surface that converges to the center and collides with the cone, but also effectively increase the fluid micro jet flow, and greatly improve the particle breaking and peeling efficiency and effect; on the other hand, the fluid can not only be collided in a single stage, but also can be collided in multiple stages or multiple particle size levels in one flow of the fluid into and out of the cavity device, to meet the actual demand working condition; thirdly, the fluid does not collide with the valve core and the valve body, which meets the requirement of high pressure working condition while reducing the requirement of core components, and since the requirement of core components is reduced, the material cost, processing cost and use cost can be significantly reduced; fourthly, the structure of the present application is simple, does not need to set a valve rod and a corresponding control mechanism of the valve rod, and does not need to keep the elastic resistance of the upper and lower cores, which helps to further reduce the cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structure sectional view schematic diagram of a T-shaped interactive cavity type high pressure homogenizer in the background art;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a structure sectional view schematic diagram of a Y-shaped interactive cavity type high pressure homogenizer in the background art;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structure sectional view schematic diagram of a cavity device in embodiment 1 of the present application (single stage collision);

[0037] Figure 4 It is a structure sectional view schematic diagram of a cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (multi-stage collision); Figure 3 It is a local structure enlarged schematic diagram;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a local structure enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 4 It is a local structure enlarged schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a half sectional enlarged schematic diagram of a valve body; Figure 3

[0040] It is a half sectional enlarged schematic diagram of an upper core; Figure 7 Figure 3 It is a half sectional enlarged schematic diagram of a lower core;

[0041] Figure 8 Figure 3 ​​​

[0042] Figure 9 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision);

[0043] Figure 10 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision); Figure 9 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision);

[0044] Figure 11 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision); Figure 9 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision);

[0045] Figure 12 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision); Figure 9 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision);

[0046] Figure 13 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision); Figure 9 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision);

[0047] Figure 14 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision); Figure 9 Structure sectional view of the cavity device in embodiment 2 of the present application (two-stage collision);

[0048] Wherein: 1, valve body; 10, inner cavity; 10a, first sub-cavity; 10b, second sub-cavity; 10c, third sub-cavity; c1, upper sub-cavity; c2, middle sub-cavity; c3, lower sub-cavity; 11, feed passage; 12, discharge passage; 13, first pressure relief passage; 14, second pressure relief passage; 2, valve core; 20, upper core body; 20a, mounting groove; a1, first groove cavity; a2, second groove cavity; a3, third groove cavity; 200, main body part; 201, first matching part; 202, second matching part; 21, lower core body; b1, first matching groove; b2, homogenizing groove; b3, second matching groove; b31, upper groove cavity; b32, lower groove cavity; b4, flow expansion groove; 3, feed connector; a, mixing groove; b, shunt passage; h, annular homogenizing cavity; X, conical cavity gap; F1, upper valve core; F2, lower valve core; j, material receiving passage; 1', fixing sleeve; 2', steel ring; 3', floating block; 4', spring; a', feed passage; b', discharge passage; c', shunt passage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be described in detail below with the aid of the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the scope of the present application, so the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0050] In the description of the application, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0051] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] In the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0054] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "provided on" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be a middle element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be a middle element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only embodiment. Example 1

[0055] As Figures 3 to 8 shown in the drawings, the high-pressure homogenizer provided by the embodiment is mainly used for dispersing, crushing or peeling of difficult-to-disperse materials, wherein the high-pressure homogenizer mainly comprises a constant-gap cavity device. The cavity device mainly comprises a valve body 1 and a valve core 2, wherein the valve body 1 is formed with a feeding channel 11, a discharging channel 12, a first mounting groove 10a and a second mounting groove 10b, the feeding channel 11 is mounted in the first mounting groove 10a, and the valve core 2 is mounted in the second mounting groove 10b and forms a fluid collision unit.

[0056] Specifically, the valve core 2 constituting the fluid collision unit comprises an upper core body 20 and a lower core body 21, the upper core body 20 comprises a main body part 200, a first fitting part 201 which is a circular truncated cone and is located below the main body part 200, and a second fitting part 202 which is a circular cone and is located below the first fitting part 201, wherein the main body part 200 is in the shape of a cylinder and is attached to the inner wall of the second mounting groove 10b from the circumferential surface, the first fitting part 201 and the second fitting part 202 are gradually tapered from top to bottom, and the outer diameter D of the lower end of the first fitting part 201 is greater than the outer diameter D1 of the upper end of the second fitting part 202, at the same time, the difference between the outer diameter D of the lower end of the first fitting part 201 and the outer diameter D1 of the upper end of the second fitting part 202 is δ, that is, D-D1=δ, in this example, δ is about 0.06 mm.

[0057] In this example, the main body part 200 is inwardly recessed from the top surface to form a joint mounting groove 200a, the feeding channel 11 comprises a feeding joint 110 which is mounted in the first mounting groove 10a and is matched and inserted into the joint mounting groove 200a at the lower end, wherein the lower part of the feeding joint 110 forms an insertion end a, and the inside of the feeding joint 110 is formed with a flow channel which is in communication with the joint mounting groove 200a, under the assembly of the feeding joint 110, the feeding joint 110 abuts against the upper end of the main body part 200 and tightly attaches the upper core body 20 and the lower core body 21, the upper core body 20 and the lower core body 21 are respectively attached to the second mounting groove 10b from the circumferential surface, and the second mounting groove 10b is in communication with the discharging channel 12 from the groove bottom.

[0058] In combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, the joint mounting groove 200a includes a first cavity a1, a second cavity a2, and a third cavity a3 from top to bottom, wherein the first cavity a1 is frustoconical with a gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom, and the formed taper angle γ has an impact on the sealing effect of the cavity device, and is usually set as an acute angle or a right angle. Specifically, the taper angle γ can be about 60°, 75°, 80°, 88°, etc., wherein when the taper angle γ is about 60°, the sealing effect is better than that of other angles. The second cavity a2 is cylindrical extending vertically downward along the bottom of the first cavity a1, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical shape is equal to the outer diameter of the lower part of the first cavity a1; the third cavity a3 is conical with a gradually decreasing inner diameter downward from the bottom of the second cavity a2, wherein the taper angle of the third cavity a3 is 120°. At the same time, a shunt channel b is also provided below the third cavity a3, which passes through the first fitting part 201 and the second fitting part 202 from top to bottom, wherein the shunt channel b has two, and is uniformly distributed around the center line of the main body part 200, and in this example, the two shunt channels b are gradually opened outward from top to bottom, and are in communication with the cavity bottom of the third cavity a3 of the joint mounting groove 200a.

[0059] In combination with Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the lower core 21 is also cylindrical, which is supported on the groove bottom of the second mounting groove 10b from the bottom surface, and the peripheral surface of the lower core 21 is attached to the inner wall of the second mounting groove 10b. In this example, the lower core 21 has a first fitting cavity b1, a homogenizing cavity b2, a second fitting cavity b3, a collision cavity b4, and an expansion cavity b5 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, wherein the first fitting cavity b1 and the second fitting cavity b3 are respectively frustoconical with a gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom; the homogenizing cavity b2 is located between the first fitting cavity b1 and the second fitting cavity b3, and the inner wall of the homogenizing cavity b2 is recessed relative to the inner wall of the first fitting cavity b1 and the second fitting cavity b3; the collision cavity b4 is cylindrical extending downward from the lower end of the second fitting cavity b3, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical shape is equal to the outer diameter of the lower end of the second fitting cavity b3; the expansion cavity b5 is frustoconical with a gradually increasing inner diameter extending downward from the lower end of the collision cavity b4.

[0060] In one specific example, the taper angles β of the first fitting part 201, the second fitting part 202, the first fitting cavity b1, and the second fitting cavity b3 are equal, and the center lines of each are coincident, and further, the taper angle β has an impact on the processing effect of the cavity device, and is usually set as a right angle or an obtuse angle. Specifically, the taper angle β can be about 70°, 80°, 90°, 100°, 110°, 120°, etc., wherein when the taper angle β is about 90°, the crushing and dispersing effects of the material particles are obviously superior to those of other angles. At the same time, the selected expansion cavity b5 can be about 60°, 70°, 80°, 94°, 102°, etc., wherein when the taper angle θ is 70°, the collision and dispersing effects of the material particles are obviously superior to those of other angles.

[0061] When the upper core 20 is inserted into the lower core 21, the lower part of the first fitting part 201 of the upper core 20 is tightly fitted into the first fitting cavity b1, the second fitting part 202 of the upper core 20 is sequentially formed with the annular homogenizing groove h between the inner wall of the homogenizing cavity b2 from top to bottom, the conical cavity gap X between the inner wall of the second fitting cavity b3, and the collision area between the inner wall of the collision cavity b4, wherein the feed channel 11, the shunt channel b, the annular homogenizing groove h, the conical cavity gap X, the collision area, and the discharge channel 12 are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the fluid sequentially passes through the feed channel 11, the shunt channel b, the annular homogenizing groove h, and the cavity gap X, forms a collision in the center of the collision area, then enters the flow expansion cavity b5 for dispersion or collision, and finally is discharged from the discharge channel 12.

[0062] In this example, the vertical distance between the second fitting part 202 and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity b3 at the conical cavity gap X is equal, and the vertical distance between the second fitting part 202 and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity b3 is equal to δ, that is, the difference between the outer diameter D of the lower end of the first fitting part 201 and the outer diameter D1 of the upper end of the second fitting part 202 is equal to the vertical distance between the second fitting part 202 and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity b3.

[0063] In a specific example, the outer diameter of the lower end of the first fitting part 201 is equal to the inner diameter of the lower part of the first fitting cavity b1, the groove depth H of the homogenizing cavity b2 is about 5 times the vertical distance between the second fitting part 202 and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity b3 equal to δ, and the upper end inner diameter d1 of the second fitting cavity b3, the lower end inner diameter d2 of the second fitting cavity b3, and the vertical distance between the second fitting part 202 and the inner wall of the second fitting cavity b3 equal to δ satisfy: (d1-d2) / 2≥3δ.

[0064] In addition, when the plug end a matches the joint plug groove 200a, the feed joint 110 also forms a first sealed cavity m1 between the first installation groove 10a, a second sealed cavity m2 between the first fitting part 201, the lower core 21 and the groove wall of the second installation groove 10b. In this example, the valve body 1 is also provided with a first pressure relief channel 13 and a second pressure relief channel 14 which are respectively communicated with the first sealed cavity m1 and the second sealed cavity m2. That is, with the pressure relief channel, the tightness between the feed joint and the upper core, and the tightness between the upper core and the lower core can be observed at any time, and once the tightness leaks, the fluid can be discharged through the corresponding pressure relief channel, avoiding the phenomenon of fluid leakage and injury caused by insufficient sealing.

[0065] From the above, by adopting the device, after the fluid is introduced into the cavity device, the fluid is first pre-processed uniformly, then the gap between the conical cavities is instantaneously pressurized, and the high-pressure collision is guided by the drainage and guidance of the tapered end of the valve core. Compared with the existing structure, on the one hand, it can not only meet the uniform distribution of the particles of the fluid adhering to the cone to form a conical surface converging to the center and colliding, but also effectively increase the microjet flow of the fluid, and greatly improve the particle breaking and peeling efficiency and effect of the fluid; on the other hand, it can not only single-stage fluid collision, but also multiple collisions in sequence in the flow of fluid in and out of the cavity device, meet the actual demand of the working condition; thirdly, the fluid and the valve core and the valve body are not in direct impact, which meets the requirement of high-pressure working condition and reduces the requirement of core components, and since the requirement of core components is reduced, the material cost, processing cost and use cost can be significantly reduced; fourthly, the structure of the cavity device is simple, does not need to set the valve rod and the corresponding control mechanism of the valve rod, and does not need to keep the elastic resistance of the upper and lower cores, which helps to further reduce the cost.

[0066] The above describes the typical structure of the cavity device according to the utility model. Accordingly, the improvement point of the high-pressure homogenizer of the utility model lies in the structure of the cavity device, and does not involve the improvement of the remaining part. Therefore, the other part can be implemented by referring to the prior art, and no further description is given here.

[0067] In the dispersion, breaking or peeling of the difficult-to-disperse material (the difficult-to-disperse material is, for example, various nanomaterials that are not easy to disperse, and some materials that are not nanoscale but are difficult to homogenize or finely crush, such as graphene), the fluid containing the difficult-to-disperse material is continuously introduced into the cavity device at a pressure of 150 MPa by the high-pressure pump for one-stage collision, and excellent treatment effect can be obtained under high pressure. The solid content of the difficult-to-disperse material in the fluid containing the difficult-to-disperse material (about 5-10%) is not particularly limited, and in this example, after one collision, the fluid is returned to the cavity device and treated for two or three times to obtain the ideal treatment effect (the average particle size meets the requirements), and the treatment capacity of the treatment method is about 2000 liters / hour. Example 2

[0068] As shown in Figures 9 to 14 , the high-pressure homogenizer involved in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1, and the difference is as follows.

[0069] In this example, two fluid collision units are formed and are distributed in the second installation groove 10b of the valve body 1, and the two fluid collision units correspond to the upper valve core F1 and the lower valve core F2 distributed in the upper and lower directions.

[0070] The upper valve core F1 is identical in structure to the valve core 2 in Embodiment 1, and the main body 200 of the lower valve core F2 is different from the main body 200 of the upper valve core F1. Specifically, the middle part of the main body 200 of the lower valve core F2 is formed with a material receiving passage j extending downward from top to bottom, wherein the upper end of the material distribution passage b is in communication with the material receiving passage j; and the upper end of the main body 200 of the lower valve core F2 is formed with a frustum shape matching the flow expansion cavity b5 of the lower core body 21 of the upper valve core F1, wherein when the upper valve core F1 and the lower valve core F2 are vertically connected, the main body 200 of the lower valve core F2 matches the flow expansion cavity b5 of the upper valve core F1, and the flow expansion cavity b5 of the lower core body 21 of the upper valve core F1 is in communication with the upper part of the material receiving passage j.

[0071] In this example, the first closed cavity m1 is formed between the feed inlet 110 and the first mounting groove 10a, the second closed cavity m2 is formed between the first matching part 201 of the upper valve core F1, the lower core body 21 and the groove wall of the second mounting groove 10b, the third closed cavity m3 is formed between the lower core body 21 of the upper valve core F1, the upper core body 20 of the lower valve core F2 and the groove wall of the second mounting groove 10b, and the fourth closed cavity m3 is formed between the first matching part 201 of the lower valve core F2, the lower core body 21 and the groove wall of the second mounting groove 10b. The valve body 1 is also provided with a first pressure relief passage 13, a second pressure relief passage 14, a third pressure relief passage 15 and a fourth pressure relief passage 16 respectively in communication with the first closed cavity m1, the second closed cavity m2, the third closed cavity m3 and the fourth closed cavity m3.

[0072] In the dispersion, fragmentation or peeling of the difficult-to-disperse material (the difficult-to-disperse material is, for example, various nanomaterials that are not easy to disperse, and some materials that are not nanoscale but are difficult to be homogenized or finely divided, such as graphene) using the high-pressure homogenizer in this example, the fluid containing the difficult-to-disperse material is continuously introduced into the cavity device at a pressure of 200 MPa for the first collision, and then the next level of collision is performed, and the desired processing effect can be obtained under high pressure. At the same time, the processing capacity formed after the two-stage collision is about 2600 liters / hour. Embodiment 3

[0073] This embodiment relates to a high-pressure homogenizer, which uses a fixed-gap cavity device that is basically the same as that in Embodiment 2, except that the fixed-gap cavity device in this embodiment is formed with three fluid collision units from top to bottom, so that the upper valve core, the lower valve core and the middle valve core are formed. That is, the upper valve core in this embodiment is identical to the upper valve core F1 in Embodiment 2, and the middle valve core, the lower valve core and the upper valve core F2 in Embodiment 2 are identical in structure.

[0074] In dispersing, crushing or peeling the difficult-to-disperse material (for example, the common various nanomaterials which are not easy to disperse and some materials which are not nanometer size but are difficult to be homogenized or finely divided, such as graphene) by using the high-pressure homogenizer in the example, the fluid containing the difficult-to-disperse material is continuously passed into the cavity device at a pressure of 450 MPa by a high-pressure pump to perform first collision, then second collision, and finally third collision, and the ideal treatment effect can be obtained under high pressure, and the treatment capacity formed after the third collision is about 1700 liters / hour.

[0075] The above detailed description of the present application is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present application, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A constant gap chamber device of a high pressure homogenizer, comprising a valve body (1) having a feed channel (11) and a discharge channel (12), a valve core assembly, characterized in that: The valve core assembly forms one or more fluid collision units, the fluid collision unit includes an upper core body (20) and a lower core body (21), the upper core body (20) is formed with a shunt channel (b) in communication with the feed channel (11), the shunt channel (b) is arranged from top to bottom, the upper core body (20) includes a main body part (200), a first matching part (201) located below the main body part (200) and being a circular truncated cone, a second matching part (202) located below the first matching part (201) and being a circular cone, wherein the first matching part (201) and the second matching part (202) are tapered from top to bottom, and the outer diameter of the lower end of the first matching part (201) is greater than the outer diameter of the upper end of the second matching part (202); the lower core body (21) has a first matching cavity (b1), a homogenizing cavity (b2), a second matching cavity (b3) and a collision cavity (b4) in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first matching cavity (b1) and the second matching cavity (b3) are both conical frustums with gradually decreasing inner diameters from top to bottom, the homogenizing cavity (b2) is located between the first matching cavity (b1) and the second matching cavity (b3), and the inner wall of the homogenizing cavity (b2) is recessed relative to the inner walls of the first matching cavity (b1) and the second matching cavity (b3); the upper core body (20) is partially inserted into the corresponding lower core body (21), wherein the first matching part (201) of the upper core body (20) is at least partially and tightly fitted in the first matching cavity (b1); the second matching part (202) of the upper core body (20) sequentially forms an annular homogenizing groove (h) between the inner wall of the homogenizing cavity (b2), a conical frustum cavity gap (X) between the inner wall of the second matching cavity (b3), and a collision zone between the inner wall of the collision cavity (b4) from top to bottom, the shunt channel (b), the homogenizing groove (h), the conical frustum cavity gap (X) and the collision zone are sequentially communicated from top to bottom.

2. The fixed gap containment vessel apparatus of a high pressure homogenizer of claim 1, wherein: The fluid collision unit has one, the valve body (1) is further provided with a first installation groove (10a) and a second installation groove (10b) in communication, wherein the feed channel (11) includes a feed connector (110) installed in the first installation groove (10a) and forming a flow channel inside, the feed connector (110) abuts against the upper end of the main body part (200) and tightly abuts the upper core body (20) and the lower core body (21) relative to each other; the upper core body (20) and the lower core body (21) are respectively and circumferentially sealed and abutted and installed in the second installation groove (10b), the second installation groove (10b) is in communication with the discharge channel (12) from the groove bottom.

3. The fixed gap containment vessel of a high pressure homogenizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower part of the feeding connector (110) forms a plug end (a), a connector plug groove (200a) is formed on the main body (200) to match the plug end (a), when the plug end (a) matches the connector plug groove (200a), a first sealed cavity (m1) is formed between the feeding connector (110) and the first installation groove (10a), a second sealed cavity (m2) is formed between the first matching part (201), the lower core (21) and the groove wall of the second installation groove (10b), and the valve body (1) is further provided with a first pressure relief channel (13) and a second pressure relief channel (14) respectively communicating with the first sealed cavity (m1) and the second sealed cavity (m2).

4. The fixed gap containment vessel of a high pressure homogenizer of claim 3, wherein: The shunt channel (b) sequentially passes through the first matching part (201) and the second matching part (202) from top to bottom, and the upper and lower ends are respectively communicated with the connector plug groove (200a) and the annular homogenizing groove (h); and / or, the lower core (21) is further provided with an expanding cavity (b5) which is tapered and gradually increases in diameter from the bottom of the collision cavity (b4) downward, wherein the lower end of the expanding cavity (b5) is communicated with the discharge channel (12), and the taper angle (θ) of the expanding cavity (b5) is 50°-120°; the first matching cavity (b1), the second matching cavity (b3), the collision cavity (b4) and the expanding cavity (b5) are arranged with their center lines coinciding.

5. The fixed gap containment vessel apparatus of a high pressure homogenizer of claim 1, wherein: The fluid collision unit has two, and the two fluid collision units are distributed upward and downward, wherein the shunt channel (b), the homogenizing groove (h), the tapered cavity gap (X) and the collision area of each fluid collision unit are sequentially communicated from top to bottom and form a fluid processing channel, the upper and lower fluid processing channels are sealed and communicated, and the fluid introduced from the feeding channel (11) is sequentially collided through the two fluid processing channels and then discharged from the discharge channel (12).

6. The fixed gap containment vessel of a high pressure homogenizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The valve core assembly includes an upper valve core (F1) and a lower valve core (F2), wherein the upper valve core (F1) and the lower valve core (F2) each include the upper core (20) and the lower core (21), and the upper part of the upper core (20) of the lower valve core (F2) is inserted and fitted with the lower core (21) of the upper valve core (F1).

7. The fixed gap containment vessel of a high pressure homogenizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The valve body (1) is further provided with a first installation groove (10a) and a second installation groove (10b) in communication, wherein the feeding channel (11) includes a feeding connector (110) installed in the first installation groove (10a) and forming a flow channel inside, the feeding connector (110) abuts against the upper end of the main body (200) of the upper valve core (F1) and is installed in the second installation groove (10b) to tightly fit the upper valve core (F1) and the lower valve core (F2), and the second installation groove (10b) is communicated with the discharge channel (12) from the groove bottom.

8. The fixed gap containment vessel of a high pressure homogenizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower core body (21) of the upper valve core (F1) and the lower valve core (F2) is further respectively provided with a flow expansion cavity (b5) which is tapered and gradually increases in diameter from the bottom of the collision cavity (b4) downward, and the first matching cavity (b1), the second matching cavity (b3), the collision cavity (b4) and the flow expansion cavity (b5) are coaxially arranged; the main body (200) of the lower valve core (F2) is tapered from top to bottom to match the flow expansion cavity (b5), and when the two fluid processing channels are in sealed communication, the main body (200) is sealed and fitted in the inner wall of the flow expansion cavity (b5) of the upper valve core (F1) from top to bottom, and the middle part of the main body (200) of the lower valve core (F2) forms a material receiving channel (j) extending from top to bottom, and the upper end of the material receiving channel (j) is in communication with the flow expansion cavity (b5) of the upper valve core (F1).

9. A fixed gap containment vessel for a high pressure homogeniser according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that The joint insertion groove (200a) comprises a first cavity (a1), a second cavity (a2) and a third cavity (a3) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the first cavity (a1) is tapered and gradually decreases in diameter from top to bottom, and the taper angle (γ) of the tapered shape is 50°-120°; the second cavity (a2) extends downward along the bottom of the first cavity (a1) in a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical shape is equal to the outer diameter of the lower end of the first cavity (a1); the third cavity (a3) extends downward from the bottom of the cylindrical shape in a conical shape which gradually decreases in diameter, and the conical angle of the third cavity (a3) is greater than the tapered angle of the first cavity.

10. A method of treating a poorly dispersible material, characterized by: The high-pressure homogenizer comprises the fixed-gap cavity device of the high-pressure homogenizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and performs one or more levels of dispersion, fragmentation or peeling treatment on the fluid containing the difficult-to-disperse material.

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