A ship for measuring water depth and flow velocity of a damaged spur dike

Abstract

The present invention relates to a depth and velocity measurement ship for damaged spur dikes, belonging to the technical field of levee and dike emergency rescue, and its IPC international patent classification numbers are E02B 1 / 00 and E02B 3 / 00. The depth and velocity measurement ship of the present invention includes a buoyancy system, a power system, an overall connection system, an anti-collision system, an anti-overturning depth calibration system, a flow rate calibration device, and a flow velocity and depth remote measurement system. Aiming at the problems existing in the current depth and velocity measurement, manual measurement and automatic measurement are carried out synchronously, making up for the disadvantage that the data of current automatic measurement cannot be calibrated in time, and can quickly and effectively measure the water depth and flow velocity, providing accurate data support for scientific and effective emergency rescue of river regulation projects such as spur dikes in large rivers and has broad application prospects and great potential for social benefits.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to a water depth and flow velocity measuring vessel for dangerous spur dikes, which is suitable for measuring water depth and flow velocity in a turbulent water environment with rolling water flow, dense vortices and erratic flow direction before river regulation projects such as spur dikes in large rivers. The measuring vessel belongs to the technical field of emergency rescue of dikes and dams in water conservancy projects, and its IPC international patent classification number is E02B 1 / 00 ​​and E02B3 / 00. Background technology:

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, spur dikes are the main form of embankment protection for large rivers and are the main structures for controlling the flow of rivers in river regulation projects. They play a vital role in protecting beaches and embankments and ensuring flood control safety. Spur dikes are mostly earth-rock structures, with soil inside the dam body, flat stones wrapped on the upper part of the outer side of the dam body, and the root stones at the bottom as the stable foundation of the spur dike. Water flow hitting the root stones of spur dikes will cause the root stones to sink and get lost, which is the main reason for the danger of spur dikes.

[0003] Especially during the flood season, when the water inflow is large, the scouring depth in front of the spur dam is large, causing the root stones to sink and get lost, which directly leads to the collapse of the flat stone, causing the earth dam foundation to be directly scoured by the water flow, endangering the safety of the spur dam. Effective measures must be taken in time to rescue and ensure flood control safety. However, to quickly curb the dangerous situation, it is necessary to formulate a feasible and reliable rescue plan, and the accurate and timely detection of the water depth and flow rate in front of the dangerous spur dam directly affects the scientific rationality of the rescue plan. Therefore, it is very important to quickly measure the water depth and flow rate in front of the dangerous spur dam to provide accurate data support for scientific and effective spur dam rescue.

[0004] At present, there are many types of multifunctional water measurement devices. However, the following problems still exist:

[0005] 1. The equipment is too large, which results in poor maneuverability. If the equipment is not controlled carefully, it is very easy to hit the root stone and flat stone of the spur dike, which will lead to the expansion of the danger. Therefore, it is impossible to conduct nearshore measurement in the narrow space in front of the spur dike.

[0006] 2. The equipment is too small. Smaller equipment is more maneuverable and takes less time to measure. However, it lacks stability and cannot adapt to the harsh water flow environment in front of the dangerous spur dam. For example, a well-known domestic company launched an intelligent unmanned boat to detect the water depth in front of the dam. The unmanned boat has strong maneuverability, and the overall equipment and onboard measurement equipment are at the leading domestic level. However, due to the rolling water flow, dense vortices, and erratic flow direction in front of the dangerous spur dam, a small boat could not be positioned and controlled in the dangerous water surface with turbulent water. The unmanned boat drifted downstream soon after it was launched. It was assisted by a pulling rope and was sucked into the water by the vortex, and the measurement mission failed.

[0007] III. It is impossible to verify the measurement results in a timely and effective manner, and the credibility of the measurement results is relatively poor. The water depth measurement is greatly affected by environmental factors such as water temperature and sediment concentration. The Yellow River water itself has a high sediment concentration. During the flood season, the water between the spur dikes rolls and is densely covered with vortices, and the sediment concentration is even higher, seriously affecting the accuracy of the measurement results of the measuring instruments. During the flood season in 2021, an automatic measuring device once measured the water depth between the spur dikes of a certain section of the Yellow River to reach 26 meters, which seriously deviated from the actual situation and was questioned. Therefore, when measuring water depth and flow velocity in different regions and at different times, reliable means should be used to calibrate the measuring instruments first. However, due to the lack of a safe and reliable water surface carrier in front of the damaged spur dikes, reliable traditional equipment and means cannot be applied in the dangerous water surface with rapid flow, and there is no way to calibrate and correct modern measuring instruments, resulting in low credibility of the measurement results of modern measuring instruments for the water depth and flow velocity in front of the damaged spur dikes.

[0008] Therefore, although the multi-functional water measuring device has a high degree of automation, due to the above-mentioned defects, in the practice of flood control and emergency rescue in the Yellow River, traditional methods such as water sounding rods and manual probing are still used to measure the water depth and flow velocity in front of the spur dikes, and the safety of the operators is difficult to guarantee. Summary of the Invention:

[0009] Aiming at the problems existing in the measurement of the water depth and flow velocity in front of the damaged spur dikes of large rivers and large lakes at present, the present invention designs a measuring ship with appropriate size, flexible operation, capable of being applicable to the environment with rapid flow, capable of quickly measuring the water depth and flow velocity and verifying and calibrating their accuracy, realizing the goal of timely providing the water depth and flow velocity data in front of the damaged spur dikes of large rivers and large lakes, and providing timely, accurate and reliable data support for the emergency rescue decision-making. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A measuring ship for the water depth and flow velocity of a damaged spur dike includes a buoyancy system, a power system, an overall connection system, an anti-collision system, an anti-overturning water depth calibration system, a flow velocity calibration device and a flow velocity and water depth remote measurement system;

[0011] The buoyancy system is composed of two assault boats, and the overall connection system is composed of several I-beams, combining the two assault boats into a firm buoyancy system; surrounding the buoyancy system with a metal anti-collision net or rubber tires and fixedly connecting them to the overall connection system with bolts to form the anti-collision system;

[0012] The flow velocity and water depth remote measurement system is used to automatically detect the water depth and flow velocity; the flow velocity calibration device is used to manually measure the flow velocity and use the measured flow velocity value as the calibration basis for the flow velocity value automatically detected by the flow velocity and water depth remote measurement system;

[0013] The anti - roll water depth calibration system includes a support rod hanger, a telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve, a metal cable, a cable winch, and a metal plumb bob; the support rod hanger consists of 4 inclined steel pipes, the bottoms of the 4 steel pipes are fixed on the overall connection system, the tops of the 4 steel pipes are fixedly connected to a perforated steel plate, and there is 1 fixed pulley below the perforated steel plate; the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve is located below the fixed pulley, the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve is fixed on the overall connection system by several supports, and the bottom of the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve extends into the water from between the two assault boats; one end of the metal cable is wound on the cable winch, and the other end passes through the fixed pulley, passes through the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve from top to bottom, and is connected to the metal plumb bob.

[0014] An accident - prone spur - dike water depth and flow velocity measuring ship of the present invention proposes a reasonable hull layout and equipment arrangement idea for the existing problems in current water depth and flow velocity measurement, and proposes the idea of synchronous manual measurement and automatic measurement, making up for the drawback that the current automatic measurement data cannot be calibrated in time. It can quickly and effectively measure water depth and flow velocity, provide accurate data support for scientific and effective emergency rescue of river regulation projects such as spur - dikes in large rivers, has a wide application prospect, and has great potential for social benefits. Brief Description of the Drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 It is a layout and structure schematic diagram of a spur - dike in the Yellow River;

[0016] Figure 2 It is the front view of the measuring ship of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is the side view of the measuring ship of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is the top view of the measuring ship of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is the water depth calibration schematic diagram of the measuring ship of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is the flow velocity calibration schematic diagram of the measuring ship of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure, 1 is the buoyancy system, 2 is the power system, 3 is the overall connection system, 4 is the anti - impact system, 5 is the support rod hanger, 6 is the anti - roll water depth calibration system, 7 is the flow velocity calibration device, 8 is the flow velocity and water depth telemetry system, 9 is the perforated steel plate, 10 is the fixed pulley, 11 is the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve, 12 is the metal cable, 13 is the cable winch, and 14 is the metal plumb bob. Detailed Embodiment:

[0022] Combined with the attached drawings, the present invention will be described in detail.

[0023] A water depth and flow velocity measurement ship for dangerous emergence dikes of the present invention includes a buoyancy system 1, a power system 2, an overall connection system 3, an anti-collision system 4, an anti-overturning water depth calibration system 6, a flow velocity calibration device 7, and a flow velocity and water depth remote measurement system 8.

[0024] The buoyancy system 1 is composed of two assault boats. The overall connection system 3 is composed of several I-beams and bolts. The two assault boats are combined into a firm buoyancy system 1 through bolt connection, making the whole measurement ship an assembled structure, which is convenient for transportation, assembly and disassembly. A metal anti-collision net or rubber tires are surrounded around the buoyancy system 1 and fixedly connected to the overall connection system 3 by bolts to form the anti-collision system 4.

[0025] The power system 2 includes a driving device arranged at the rear of the two assault boats, and may also include power devices arranged at other positions, such as power devices arranged at the front or side of the assault boats or on the overall connection system, for flexibly adjusting the direction of the measurement ship in the rapids.

[0026] The flow velocity and water depth remote measurement system 8 is used to automatically detect the water depth and flow velocity, and various existing remote control measurement devices can be selected, which are not specifically limited in the present invention.

[0027] The flow velocity calibration device 7 is used for manually measuring the flow velocity, and the measured flow velocity value is used as the calibration basis for the flow velocity value automatically detected by the flow velocity and water depth remote measurement system 8. The flow velocity calibration device 7 can select various existing manual flow velocity measurement devices, which are not specifically limited in the present invention.

[0028] The anti - roll water depth calibration system 6 includes a support rod hanger 5, a telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve 11, a metal cable 12, a cable winch 13, and a metal plumb bob 14. The support rod hanger 5 is composed of 4 inclined steel pipes. The bottoms of the 4 steel pipes are fixed on the overall connection system 3, and the tops of the 4 steel pipes are fixedly connected to a perforated steel plate 9. There is 1 fixed pulley 10 below the perforated steel plate 9. The telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve 11 is located below the fixed pulley 10. The telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve 11 is fixed on the overall connection system 3 by several supports. The bottom of the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve 11 extends into the water from between the two assault boats. The metal cable 12 is used to adjust the water depth of the metal plumb bob 14 and manually measure the water depth. The cable winch 13 is used to adjust the water depth of the metal cable 12. One end of the metal cable 12 is wound on the cable winch 13, and the other end bypasses the fixed pulley 10, passes through the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve 11 from top to bottom, and is connected to the metal plumb bob 14. The telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve 11 can be manually adjusted for the water depth and has two functions: one is to improve the anti - roll stability of the measurement ship after entering the water, and the other is to ensure that the metal cable 12 inside the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve 11 is always in a plumb state after extending into the water, avoiding the metal cable 12 from tilting underwater due to the impact of water flow and reducing the accuracy of manual water depth measurement. The metal cable 12 is marked with scales. During manual measurement, the cable winch 13 is manually shaken to adjust the metal cable 12 to make the metal plumb bob 14 touch the bottom, obtain the water depth, and use this water depth as the calibration basis for the water depth automatically detected by the flow velocity and water depth telemetry system 8.

[0029] The specific implementation process of measuring the water depth and flow velocity of the dangerous spur - dike water depth and flow velocity measurement ship of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0030] I. Prepare the components required for the measurement ship and assemble them on - site by quickly bolting the components.

[0031] II. Stabilize the measurement ship at point A, and use the flow velocity and water depth telemetry system 8 to automatically measure the water depth h 船1 and the flow velocity v 船1 at point A;

[0032] III. Manually adjust the telescopic multi - joint steel pipe sleeve 11 to enter the water to a certain depth, shake the cable winch 13, extend the water depth of the metal cable 12 until the metal plumb bob 14 touches the bottom, and obtain the water depth h 人1 at point A. Manually measure the flow velocity v 人1 at point A using the flow rate calibration device 7. Operate the measurement ship to change the point 4 times, and successively obtain h 船2 - h 船5 , v 船2 - v 船5 , h 人2 - h人5 , v 人2 , -v 人5 .

[0033] IV. Plot the scatter diagram of the relationship between h 船 and h 人 as well as v 船 and v 人 , and obtain the fitting equation, as shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 . The purpose of calibrating the automatic measurement of water depth and flow velocity in a timely manner is achieved.

[0034] V. Manually retract the telescopic multi-section steel pipe sleeve 11, and operate the winch 13 to shorten the metal cable 12. Operate the survey ship to automatically measure the water depth and flow velocity, and obtain the final measurement results of the water depth and flow velocity according to the established fitting equation. Provide the complete and accurate water depth and flow velocity distribution of the spur dike.

Claims

1. A measuring ship for water depth and flow velocity of a damaged spur dike, characterized in that, It includes a buoyancy system (1), a power system (2), an overall connection system (3), an anti-collision system (4), an anti-overturning water depth calibration system (6), a flow rate calibration device (7), and a flow rate and water depth telemetry system (8); The buoyancy system (1) consists of two assault boats. The overall connection system (3) consists of several I-beams, combining the two assault boats into the firm buoyancy system (1); A metal anti-collision net or rubber tires are surrounded around the buoyancy system (1) and fixedly connected to the overall connection system (3) by bolts to form the anti-collision system (4); The flow rate and water depth telemetry system (8) is used to automatically detect the water depth and flow rate; The flow rate calibration device (7) is used to manually measure the flow rate, and the measured flow rate value is used as the calibration basis for the flow rate value automatically detected by the flow rate and water depth telemetry system (8); The anti-overturning water depth calibration system (6) includes a support rod hanger (5), a telescopic multi-section steel pipe sleeve (11), a metal cable (12), a cable winch (13), and a metal plumb bob (14); The support rod hanger (5) consists of 4 inclined steel pipes. The bottoms of the 4 steel pipes are fixed on the overall connection system (3), and the tops of the 4 steel pipes are fixedly connected to a perforated steel plate (9). There is 1 fixed pulley (10) below the perforated steel plate (9); The telescopic multi-section steel pipe sleeve (11) is located below the fixed pulley (10). The telescopic multi-section steel pipe sleeve (11) is fixed on the overall connection system (3) by several brackets. The bottom of the telescopic multi-section steel pipe sleeve (11) extends into the water from between the two assault boats; One end of the metal cable (12) is wound around the cable winch (13), and the other end passes through the fixed pulley (10), passes through the telescopic multi-section steel pipe sleeve (11) from top to bottom, and is connected to the metal plumb bob (14).

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