Electroplating wastewater high value metal recovery system

Abstract

The application discloses the technical field of electroplating wastewater treatment high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater, including electrolytic cell and electrolytic mechanism, electrolytic cell is connected with infusion tube, infusion tube is connected with electronic flowmeter, electrolytic cell top is detachably connected with cover body, cover body is provided with observation ring groove, cover body is fixedly connected with camera unit; The inside lower side of the electrolytic cell is provided with a sedimentation plate and a stirring unit, the sedimentation plate is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the electrolytic cell, the bottom of the electrolytic cell is fixedly connected with a first weighing sensor, and the detection end of the first weighing sensor is in abutment with the bottom of the sedimentation plate; The electrolytic mechanism includes a controller, a driving unit, an adjusting unit and an electrolytic unit. The application reduces the generation of concentration polarization and activation polarization phenomenon in the process of electroplating wastewater metal treatment and recovery, recovers the wastewater metal in an efficient state, estimates the treatment and recovery effect of the wastewater metal, and improves the qualified rate of wastewater metal treatment and recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electroplating wastewater treatment technology, specifically a high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] Electroplating wastewater is complex in quality and its composition is difficult to control. It contains heavy metal ions such as chromium, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, gold, and silver, as well as cyanides, some of which are highly toxic substances that are carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic. The latest national emission standard, "Electroplating Pollutant Discharge Standard" (GB21900-2008), clearly defines the classification and measurement standards for water quality indicators of electroplating wastewater. Currently, common methods for treating and recovering metals from electroplating wastewater include precipitation, extraction, ion exchange, adsorption, and membrane separation. Regardless of the method used, the goal is to treat and recover metals from electroplating wastewater more efficiently.

[0003] To improve the efficiency of metal treatment and recovery in electroplating wastewater, Chinese patent document CN114275957A describes a technology and device for removing heavy metals from electroplating wastewater, belonging to the field of wastewater treatment technology. This technology and device includes a housing, with a removal mechanism installed at the top of the housing. The device utilizes a combination of positive and negative ion plates, an inclined mesh plate, and stirring blades. The positive and negative ion plates work together after being energized to remove heavy metal ions from the wastewater through ionization, achieving good removal efficiency. The inclined mesh plate separates residual solid waste from the wastewater, achieving solid-liquid separation. A motor drives a rotating rod to rotate, which in turn rotates the stirring blades, further dispersing and separating the wastewater. This facilitates the thorough removal of heavy ions from the wastewater and allows for thorough mixing of the added removal agent, thereby increasing the decomposition rate.

[0004] In practical use, the above technical solution only improves the efficiency of metal treatment and recovery in electroplating wastewater by stirring, which is limited. In addition, excessive mechanical stirring during electrolysis may increase the difficulty of metal ions in the wastewater adhering to the negative electrode plate. Furthermore, the treatment process does not collect data on the treatment and recovery of metals in the electroplating wastewater, and the treatment and recovery effect of metals in electroplating wastewater cannot be controlled. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater, which can effectively reduce the generation of concentration polarization and activation polarization phenomena during the metal treatment and recovery process of electroplating wastewater, promote the adhesion or precipitation of metal ions in electroplating wastewater to the cathode plate, improve the metal treatment and recovery efficiency, and at the same time predict the metal treatment and recovery effect, thereby improving the qualification rate of metal recovery from electroplating wastewater.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The electroplating wastewater high-value metal recovery system includes an electrolytic cell and an electrolysis mechanism. The electrolytic cell is connected to a liquid delivery pipe for adding wastewater. An electronic flow meter for detecting the volume of added wastewater is connected to the liquid delivery pipe. A cover is detachably connected to the top of the electrolytic cell. The cover has an observation ring groove and a camera unit for collecting images of the wastewater level in the electrolytic cell is fixedly connected to the cover.

[0008] The lower side of the electrolytic cell is equipped with a sedimentation plate and a stirring unit for stirring wastewater. The sedimentation plate is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the electrolytic cell. A first weighing sensor for detecting the weight of the sedimentation plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The detection end of the first weighing sensor abuts against the bottom of the sedimentation plate.

[0009] The electrolysis mechanism includes a controller, a drive unit, an adjustment unit, and an electrolysis unit;

[0010] The drive unit includes a transmission frame fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electrolytic cell, a stepper motor fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission frame, and the output shaft of the stepper motor passing through the transmission frame and being coaxially fixedly connected to a first gear.

[0011] The adjustment unit includes symmetrically arranged adjustment slots in the side wall of the electrolytic cell. A load-bearing block is vertically slidably fitted in the adjustment slot. A second weighing sensor for detecting the weight of the load-bearing block is set at the bottom of the adjustment slot. The detection end of the second weighing sensor abuts against the bottom of the load-bearing block. An adjustment screw is rotatably connected in the load-bearing block. The adjustment screw passes through the side wall at either end and is coaxially fixedly connected to a second gear. The second gear meshes with the first gear. First adjustment blocks are threadedly connected to both sides of the adjustment screw. The threads on both sides of the adjustment screw rotate in opposite directions. A guide rod is vertically slidably fitted in the inner side wall of the lower side of the electrolytic cell. Second adjustment blocks are symmetrically slidably connected to both sides of the guide rod.

[0012] The electrolysis unit includes a cathode plate and an anode plate that are detachably connected to a first regulating block and a second regulating block on the same side. An ion membrane is disposed between the cathode plate and the anode plate. The ion membrane is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electrolysis cell. The cathode plate and the anode plate are electrically connected to an electrolysis power supply that controls the voltage and current of the cathode plate and the anode plate.

[0013] The controller is connected to the electronic flow meter, camera unit, first weighing sensor, second weighing sensor, stirring unit, stepper motor and electrolysis power supply. The controller is used to receive the data collected by the electronic flow meter, camera unit, first weighing sensor, stepper motor and second weighing sensor. The controller is also used to control the stirring unit, stepper motor and electrolysis power supply.

[0014] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows:

[0015] The concentration of metal ions in the electroplating wastewater to be treated is determined in advance. The volume of wastewater to be electrolyzed is set by the controller, and the wastewater is delivered to the electrolytic cell through the delivery pipe. The volume of wastewater delivered into the electrolytic cell is detected by an electronic flow meter. When the preset wastewater volume is reached, the delivery of wastewater into the electrolytic cell is stopped. Subsequently, the controller controls the electrolytic power supply to energize the cathode and anode plates. The anode plate loses electrons and undergoes an oxygen evolution reaction, while the metal ions at the cathode plate gain electrons and are reduced to metal, which adheres to the electrode. Some of the metal precipitates onto the sedimentation plate.

[0016] Simultaneously, the camera unit acquires images of the wastewater surface on both the cathode and anode sides. Under normal circumstances, a small amount of bubbles are generated on both sides. As electrolysis continues, excessive metal ions are consumed near the cathode, while metal ions further away cannot diffuse to the vicinity of the cathode in time, resulting in a concentration difference, i.e., concentration polarization. At this time, a hydrogen evolution side reaction occurs on the cathode side, leading to significant hydrogen evolution. By detecting whether there is a significant increase in bubbles on the cathode side, the controller controls the stirring unit to stir the wastewater, promoting the flow of metal ions in the electrolytic cell and thus avoiding concentration polarization. When the current density in the solution is low, resulting in slow ion diffusion, activation polarization occurs, which also leads to significant hydrogen evolution on the cathode side. By detecting whether there is a significant increase in bubbles on the cathode side, the controller controls the stepper motor to rotate, reducing the distance between the cathode and anode plates, thereby increasing the current density between the plates and avoiding activation polarization; thus improving the metal recovery efficiency in electroplating wastewater.

[0017] The weight changes of the precipitation plate and electrode plate before and after electrolysis are detected by the first and second weighing sensors, thereby obtaining the mass of the electrolyzed metal. The mass of the electrolyzed metal ions can be calculated based on the type of electrolyzed metal, thereby estimating the mass of the remaining metal ions in the wastewater. Combined with the volume of the electrolyzed wastewater, the concentration of the remaining metal in the wastewater can be obtained, thus predicting whether the wastewater metal recovery treatment is qualified.

[0018] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. Compared with existing technologies, this solution uses a camera unit to acquire images of the wastewater surface. These images are used to determine whether bubbles are being generated normally, thus indicating whether electrolysis is proceeding correctly. Furthermore, as electrolysis progresses, metal ions near the cathode are continuously consumed, while those far from the cathode cannot quickly approach it, leading to concentration polarization within the electrolytic cell. Additionally, due to the continuous adhesion of metal to the cathode, the potential and current density between the cathode and anode decrease, resulting in activation polarization within the electrolytic cell.

[0020] The occurrence of the above two phenomena will seriously affect the efficiency of electrolysis. Since both of these situations will result in an increase in hydrogen evolution on the cathode plate side, the camera unit collects data on whether the number of bubbles generated on the wastewater surface, especially on the cathode plate side, has increased. The increase in bubbles indicates whether there is concentration polarization and activation polarization. By reducing the electrode spacing to increase the potential and current density, and by increasing the flow of wastewater in the electrolytic cell through the stirring component, the electrolysis process of electroplating wastewater can be maintained at a high efficiency.

[0021] 2. Compared with existing technologies, this solution calculates the mass of electrolyzed metal by monitoring the weight changes of the precipitation plate and electrode plates, based on the mass of electrolyzed metal ions. It also calculates the remaining metal ion concentration in the wastewater based on pre-measured metal ion concentrations and the wastewater volume detected by an electronic flow meter, thus predicting whether the wastewater metal recovery treatment is up to standard. Furthermore, by detecting the weight change rate of the precipitation plate and electrode plates, the rate of metal ion adhesion and precipitation during wastewater electrolysis can be obtained. When the metal ion concentration in the wastewater is high and the metal ion adhesion and precipitation rate is slow, the electrolysis state can be quickly adjusted by regulating the electrode spacing and stirring the wastewater, enabling efficient and effective wastewater metal treatment and recovery.

[0022] 3. Compared with existing technologies, this solution does not adjust the current density between the regulating plates by regulating the output of the electrolysis power supply. Instead, it adjusts the current density and potential between the plates by changing the spacing between them, allowing metal ions to continuously and efficiently adhere to the cathode plate. Furthermore, the stirring component in this solution does not continuously stir the wastewater; it only stirs when wastewater flow is required, avoiding the problem of increased difficulty in metal ion adhesion to the cathode plate caused by continuous stirring. These two methods not only enable efficient wastewater metal treatment and recovery but also save energy and reduce energy consumption.

[0023] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes several aeration branch pipes laid at the bottom of the electrolytic cell and an aeration main pipe connected to the electrolytic cell. The aeration main pipe is connected to the aeration branch pipes, and several aeration holes are opened on the aeration branch pipes. The aeration holes are located at the same horizontal plane. A blower is connected to the aeration main pipe. The blower is used to deliver aeration into the aeration main pipe. The blower is connected to a controller, and the controller is also used to control the blower to adjust the aeration delivery volume.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By introducing aeration into the bottom of the electrolytic cell, the rising aeration gas stirs the waste liquid in the cell, causing the wastewater to flow and thus completing the stirring of the wastewater in the electrolytic cell. Furthermore, the stirring intensity can be infinitely adjusted by regulating the aeration rate. The stirring intensity can be adjusted according to the concentration of residual metal ions in the wastewater in the electrolytic cell, using a lower stirring intensity in the early stage of electrolysis and a stronger stirring intensity in the later stage, thereby reducing energy waste. In addition, the aeration holes are located on the same horizontal plane, which can make the wastewater stirring more uniform.

[0025] Furthermore, an exhaust gas collection pipe is connected to the upper side wall of the electrolytic cell, which is used to collect exhaust gas inside the electrolytic cell.

[0026] Beneficial effects: On the one hand, the aeration gas used for air mixing is collected through the waste gas collection pipe; on the other hand, the waste gas generated after the aeration passes through the waste liquid and the waste gas generated during the electrolysis process are collected, reducing the pollution caused by waste gas emissions to the environment.

[0027] Furthermore, a temperature control tank with a spiral structure is installed inside the side wall of the electrolytic cell. The two ends of the temperature control tank are connected to an inlet pipe and a return pipe, respectively. Both the inlet and return pipes are connected to three-way solenoid valves. One of the three-way solenoid valves is connected to both a heating water supply pipe and a cooling water supply pipe, while the other is connected to both a heating water recovery pipe and a cooling water recovery pipe. The heating water supply pipe and the heating water recovery pipe are connected to a hot water tank for supplying heating water, and the cooling water supply pipe and the cooling water recovery pipe are connected to a cold water tank for supplying cooling water. The hot water tank and the cold water tank are respectively equipped with a hot water pump for supplying hot water and a cold water pump for supplying cold water. The hot water pump is connected to the hot water supply pipe, and the cold water pump is connected to the cold water supply pipe.

[0028] The side wall of the electrolytic cell is equipped with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of wastewater. The temperature sensor, the three-way solenoid valve, the hot water pump and the cold water pump are all connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and to control the operation of the three-way solenoid valve, the hot water pump and the cold water pump.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The temperature of the wastewater in the electrolytic cell is collected by a temperature sensor. The controller, based on the wastewater temperature, controls a three-way solenoid valve to create a connection between the temperature-controlled tank and the hot or cold water tank, heating and cooling the wastewater through heat exchange. Appropriately increasing the temperature during the initial stages of electrolysis and when increasing the current density improves the conductivity of the electrolyte, enhances mass transfer, reduces overpotential and cell voltage at the electrodes, and enables efficient treatment and recovery of metals from the wastewater. As electrolysis continues, if the temperature becomes excessively high, lowering the wastewater temperature prevents the chemical dissolution of deposited metals and the evaporation of the electrolyte.

[0030] Furthermore, an acid-base meter for detecting the pH of wastewater is installed on the side wall of the electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell is connected to a supply pipe for supplying acid-base regulators. The supply pipe is connected to a supply solenoid valve. Both the supply solenoid valve and the acid-base meter are connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the pH value of the wastewater detected by the acid-base regulator and to control the operation of the supply solenoid valve.

[0031] Beneficial effects: To maintain the pH value within a suitable range for metal recovery, an acid-base meter is used to monitor the pH of the wastewater. The controller adds an acid-base adjuster to the electrolytic cell based on pH changes and a preset pH range. During the addition process, the controller controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve to add the adjuster in small, frequent amounts. After each addition, the wastewater is stirred by the agitator, and the pH is monitored again. In summary, this ensures that metal recovery from the wastewater occurs at a suitable pH, and the multiple small additions effectively prevent excessive addition of the acid-base adjuster.

[0032] Furthermore, the anode plate is a ruthenium-iridium-titanium electrode plate made of a combination of ruthenium, iridium, and titanium, and the cathode plate is a stainless steel electrode plate made of stainless steel.

[0033] Beneficial effects: Ruthenium-iridium-titanium electrodes exhibit excellent corrosion resistance and can operate stably in acidic and alkaline solutions for extended periods, thus extending the system's lifespan. Furthermore, ruthenium-iridium-titanium electrodes have a fast reaction rate, completing reactions in a short time, and also possess good heat resistance, allowing for prolonged use at high temperatures.

[0034] Furthermore, the cover is equipped with a level sensor for detecting the height of the wastewater level. The level sensor is connected to the controller via a signal connection. The controller is also used to receive the wastewater level data collected by the level sensor. The controller is connected to an operation panel via a signal connection. The controller is also used to send the collected data to the operation panel. The operation panel is used to display the data collected by the controller.

[0035] Beneficial effects: The liquid level sensor detects the height of the wastewater in the electrolytic cell, and the controller sends the liquid level height to the operation panel for display, which can remind the operator to avoid wastewater overflow due to the addition of acid-base regulators or excessive stirring intensity; in addition, the operation panel also displays other data, so that the operator can intuitively understand the metal treatment status of the wastewater in the electrolytic cell.

[0036] Further observation revealed that an annular glass plate was fixedly connected inside the annular groove.

[0037] Beneficial effects: The annular glass plate ensures sufficient light in the electrolytic cell, enabling the camera unit to capture clear images of the wastewater surface, thus improving the accuracy of judging concentration polarization and activation polarization phenomena.

[0038] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electroplating wastewater high-value metal recovery system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electroplating wastewater high-value metal recovery system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electroplating wastewater high-value metal recovery system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electroplating wastewater high-value metal recovery system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electroplating wastewater high-value metal recovery system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0048] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: aeration main pipe 1, chemical supply pipe 2, hot water supply pipe 3, hot water recovery pipe 4, cold water supply pipe 5, cold water recovery pipe 6, operation panel 7, electrolysis power supply 8, infusion pipe 9, waste gas collection pipe 10, electrolytic cell 11, observation ring tank 12, camera unit 13, blower 14, cover 15, electronic flow meter 16, aeration branch pipe 17, temperature control tank 101, adjusting screw 102, first adjusting block 103, liquid level sensor 104, anode plate 105, second adjusting block 106, guide rod 107, acid-base meter 108, temperature sensor 109, cathode plate 110, stepper motor 111, first gear 112, second gear 113, transmission frame 114, load-bearing block 115, ion membrane 201, first weighing sensor 202, sedimentation plate 203, and second weighing sensor 204.

[0049] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figures 1-5 The system shown is a high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater, including an electrolytic cell 11 and an electrolysis mechanism. The electrolytic cell 11 has a cylindrical structure, which reduces dead zones during electrolysis. The electrolytic cell 11 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe 9 for adding wastewater. An electronic flow meter 16 for detecting the volume of added wastewater is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 9. The electronic flow meter 16 is model LDG-SUP-J. A cover 15 is detachably connected to the top of the electrolytic cell 11 via a snap fastener. The cover 15 has an observation ring groove 12. A camera unit 13 for collecting images of the wastewater level in the electrolytic cell 11 is fixedly connected to the cover 15. Because the pH changes significantly in the electrolytic cell 11, the camera unit 13 uses a corrosion-resistant camera device. In this embodiment, the model is MC-FSB-10.

[0050] An accumulator plate 203 and a stirring unit for stirring wastewater are provided on the lower side of the electrolytic cell 11. The accumulator plate 203 is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 11. A first weighing sensor 202 for detecting the weight of the accumulator plate 203 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell 11 by screws. The first weighing sensor 202 is model XM-C31, and the detection end of the first weighing sensor 202 abuts against the bottom of the accumulator plate 203.

[0051] The electrolysis mechanism consists of a controller, a drive unit, an adjustment unit, and an electrolysis unit.

[0052] The drive unit includes a transmission frame 114 that is bolted to the outer wall of the electrolytic cell 11. A stepper motor 111 is bolted to the outer wall of the transmission frame 114. The output shaft of the stepper motor 111 passes through the transmission frame 114 and is coaxially fixed to a first gear 112.

[0053] The adjustment unit includes symmetrically arranged adjustment grooves within the side wall of the electrolytic cell 11. A vertically sliding support block 115, which is a cuboid structure, is mounted on the bottom of the adjustment groove. A second weighing sensor 204, model XM-C31, is bonded and fixed to the bottom of the adjustment groove to detect the weight of the weighing block. The detection end of the second weighing sensor 204 abuts against the bottom of the support block 115. An adjustment screw 102 is rotatably connected inside the support block 115. (See attached diagram.) Figure 3 As shown, the adjusting screw 102 is on the diameter line of the electrolytic cell 11. The adjusting screw 102 passes through the right side wall of the electrolytic cell 11 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the second gear 113. The second gear 113 meshes with the first gear 112. The first gear 112 and the second gear 113 have the same gear ratio. The adjusting screw 102 is threadedly connected to the two sides of the first adjusting block 103. The threads on the two sides of the adjusting screw 102 are in opposite directions. The guide rod 107 is vertically slidably fitted inside the lower inner side wall of the electrolytic cell 11. The guide rod 107 is symmetrically slidably connected to the two sides of the second adjusting block 106.

[0054] The electrolysis unit includes a cathode plate 110 and an anode plate 105 detachably connected to a first adjusting block 103 and a second adjusting block 106 on the same side, combined with an attached... Figure 3 As shown, the left side is the cathode plate 110, which is detachably connected to the first adjusting block 103 and the second adjusting block 106 on the right side. An ion membrane 201 is provided between the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 105. The ion membrane 201 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 11. The cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 105 are electrically connected to an electrolytic power supply 8 that controls the voltage and current of the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 105. The electrolytic power supply 8 is a regulated power supply.

[0055] The controller uses an STM32F103 microcontroller. The controller is connected to the electronic flow meter 16, the camera unit 13, the first weighing sensor 202, the second weighing sensor 204, the stirring unit, the stepper motor 111, and the electrolytic power supply 8. The controller is used to receive the data collected by the electronic flow meter 16, the camera unit 13, the first weighing sensor 202, the stepper motor 111, and the second weighing sensor 204. The controller is also used to control the stirring unit, the stepper motor 111, and the electrolytic power supply 8.

[0056] The specific implementation process is as follows: The concentration of metal ions in the electroplating wastewater to be treated is determined in advance, and the volume of wastewater to be electrolyzed is set by the controller. In this embodiment, copper ion concentration of 90 mg / L copper-containing wastewater is used as an example. 20L of copper ion concentration of 90 mg / L copper-containing wastewater is added into the electrolytic cell 11. The electronic flow meter 16 detects the volume of wastewater fed into the electrolytic cell 11. When the volume reaches 20L, the feeding of waste liquid into the electrolytic cell 11 is stopped.

[0057] Subsequently, the electrolytic power supply 8 is energized to the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 105 by the controller. The anode plate 105 loses electrons and undergoes an oxygen evolution reaction. The copper ions at the cathode plate 110 gain electrons and are reduced to copper, which adheres to the electrode. Some copper precipitates onto the precipitation plate 203.

[0058] Simultaneously, the camera unit 13 acquires images of the wastewater surface on one side of the cathode plate 110 and the other side of the anode plate 105. Under normal circumstances, a small number of bubbles will be generated on both sides of the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 105. As electrolysis continues, the metal ions near the cathode plate 110 are consumed excessively, while the metal ions far away do not have time to diffuse to the vicinity of the cathode plate 110, thus generating a concentration difference, i.e., concentration polarization. At this time, a hydrogen evolution side reaction will occur on one side of the cathode plate 110, resulting in obvious hydrogen evolution on one side of the cathode plate 110. The camera unit 13 detects whether there is an obvious increase in bubbles on one side of the cathode plate 110. The controller controls the stirring unit to stir the wastewater, promote the flow of metal ions in the electrolytic cell 11, and thus avoid concentration polarization. When the current density in the solution is low, the ion diffusion rate is slow, which will lead to activation polarization. This will also cause obvious hydrogen evolution on one side of the cathode plate 110. The camera unit 13 detects whether there is an obvious increase in bubbles on one side of the cathode plate 110. The controller controls the stepper motor 111 to rotate and reduce the distance between the cathode plate 110 and the anode plate 105, which will increase the current density between the plates and thus avoid activation polarization. This will improve the metal recovery efficiency in electroplating wastewater.

[0059] Given a 20L volume of copper-containing wastewater with a copper ion concentration of 90mg / L, the calculated copper ion content is 1800mg. The mass of electrolyzed copper is obtained by detecting the weight change before and after passing through the precipitation plate 203 and electrode plate using first weighing sensor 202 and second weighing sensor 204. According to the "Electroplating Pollutant Discharge Standard" (GB21900-2008), the copper ion concentration in the wastewater needs to be treated and recovered to 0.5mg / L. That is, the treatment and recovery of copper in the wastewater is considered to meet the acceptable standard only when the weight detected by first weighing sensor 202 and second weighing sensor 204 increases by 1790mg. Since this is only a prediction of the treatment effect, the range can be appropriately expanded. For example, if the weight detected by first weighing sensor 202 and second weighing sensor 204 increases by 1600mg, the copper-containing wastewater is estimated to be treated to be qualified.

[0060] Example 2: As shown in the attached document Figures 1-5As shown: Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference is that the stirring assembly includes several aeration branch pipes 17 laid at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 11 and an aeration main pipe 1 connected to the electrolytic cell 11. The aeration branch pipes 17 are laid in an S-shape at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 11. The aeration main pipe 1 is connected to the aeration branch pipes 17. Several aeration holes are opened on the aeration branch pipes 17, and the aeration holes are located on the same horizontal plane. The aeration main pipe 1 is connected to a blower 14. The blower 14 is used to deliver aeration into the aeration main pipe 1. The blower 14 is connected to a controller signal. The controller is also used to control the blower 14 to adjust the aeration delivery volume.

[0061] The specific implementation process is as follows: When the camera unit 13 detects an increase in bubbles on the surface of the liquid in the electrolytic cell 11, i.e., when concentration polarization and activation polarization occur, while adjusting the electrode spacing, aeration is introduced into the bottom of the electrolytic cell 11. The aeration is delivered into the electrolytic cell 11 through aeration holes located at the same horizontal plane. During the aeration process, the waste liquid in the electrolytic cell 11 is stirred, causing the wastewater in the electrolytic cell 11 to flow and promoting the activity of metal ions far away from the negative electrode in the electrolytic cell 11, so that they can quickly approach the negative electrode plate to complete electrolysis. The stirring intensity is infinitely adjusted according to the concentration of the remaining metal ions in the wastewater in the electrolytic cell 11. A smaller stirring intensity is used in the early stage of electrolysis, and a stronger stirring intensity is used in the later stage of electrolysis, thereby reducing energy waste.

[0062] Example 3: As shown in the attached document Figures 1-5 As shown: Compared with Embodiment 2, the difference is that the upper sidewall of the electrolytic cell 11 is connected to a waste gas collection pipe 10, which is used to collect waste gas in the electrolytic cell 11.

[0063] The specific implementation process is as follows: the aeration air that rises to the electrolytic cell 11 after air stirring is collected through the waste gas collection pipe 10. At the same time, the waste gas collection pipe 10 collects the waste gas generated during the electrolysis process, thereby reducing the pollution caused by waste gas emissions to the environment.

[0064] Example 4: As shown in the attached document Figures 1-5As shown: Compared with Embodiment 3, the difference is that a temperature control groove 101 is provided in the side wall of the electrolytic cell 11. The temperature control groove 101 has a spiral structure. The two ends of the temperature control groove 101 are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe. Both the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe are connected to a three-way solenoid valve (not shown in the figure). The three-way solenoid valve is model 231D-15C. One of the three-way solenoid valves is connected to the heating water supply pipe 3 and the cooling water supply pipe respectively. The other three-way solenoid valve is connected to the heating water recovery pipe 4 and the cooling water recovery pipe respectively. The heating water supply pipe 3 and the heating water recovery pipe 4 are connected to the hot water tank for providing heating water. The cooling water supply pipe and the cooling water recovery pipe are connected to the cold water tank for providing cooling water. The hot water tank and the cold water tank are respectively fixedly connected by bolts to the hot water pump for supplying hot water and the cold water pump for supplying cold water. The hot water pump is connected to the hot water supply pipe 3 and the cold water pump is connected to the cold water supply pipe 5.

[0065] A temperature sensor 109 for detecting wastewater temperature is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electrolytic cell 11 by screws. The detection end of the temperature sensor 109 extends into the wastewater. The temperature sensor 109 is a CWDZ15 model. The temperature sensor 109, the three-way solenoid valve, the hot water pump and the cold water pump are all connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor 109 and to control the operation of the three-way solenoid valve, the hot water pump and the cold water pump.

[0066] The specific implementation process is as follows: Temperature sensor 109 collects the temperature of the wastewater in electrolytic cell 11. Taking the electrolysis of copper-containing wastewater as an example, the suitable temperature is 58-62℃. For instance, when the temperature is below 55℃, the controller controls the three-way solenoid valve to create a passage between the temperature control tank 101 and the hot water tank, and heats the wastewater through heat exchange. When the temperature is above 65℃, the controller controls the three-way solenoid valve to create a passage between the temperature control tank 101 and the cold water tank, and cools the wastewater through heat exchange. In the initial stage of electrolysis and when increasing the current density, the temperature can be appropriately increased to improve the conductivity of the electrolyte, improve mass transfer, reduce the overpotential and cell voltage of the electrode reaction, and enable efficient treatment and recovery of metals from the wastewater. If the temperature becomes too high as electrolysis continues, the wastewater temperature can be appropriately lowered to avoid chemical dissolution of the deposited metal and evaporation of the electrolyte.

[0067] Example 5: As attached Figures 1-5 As shown: Compared with Example 4, the difference is that an acid-base meter 108 for detecting the pH of wastewater is fixedly connected to the side wall of the electrolytic cell 11 by screws. The detection end of the acid-base meter 108 extends into the wastewater. The electrolytic cell 11 is connected to a supply pipe 2 for supplying acid-base regulators. The supply pipe 2 is connected to a supply solenoid valve. Both the supply solenoid valve and the acid-base meter 108 are connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the wastewater pH value detected by the acid-base regulator and to control the operation of the supply solenoid valve.

[0068] The specific implementation process is as follows: The pH value of the wastewater is detected by the acid-base meter 108. However, due to the temperature change of the wastewater, the pH value detected by the acid-base meter 108 is deviated. The controller, combined with the temperature collected by the temperature sensor 109, calculates a more accurate real-time pH value of the wastewater. The controller introduces acid-base regulator into the electrolytic cell 11 according to the pH change of the wastewater and the preset pH range. During the addition process, the controller controls the start and stop of the supply solenoid valve to add the regulator in small amounts and multiple times. In the interval between each addition, the wastewater is slightly stirred by the stirring component to promote the reaction between the acid-base regulator and the wastewater, and at the same time, the acid-base meter 108 can measure a more accurate pH value.

[0069] Example 6: Compared with Example 5, the difference is that the anode plate 105 is a ruthenium-iridium-titanium electrode plate made of a combination of ruthenium, iridium and titanium, and the cathode plate 110 is a stainless steel electrode plate made of stainless steel.

[0070] The specific implementation process is as follows: Ruthenium-iridium-titanium electrodes have excellent corrosion resistance and can operate stably in acidic and alkaline solutions for extended periods, thus extending the service life of the system. Furthermore, ruthenium-iridium-titanium electrodes have a fast reaction rate, completing the reaction in a short time, and also possess good heat resistance, allowing for prolonged use at high temperatures.

[0071] Example 7: As attached Figures 1-5 As shown: Compared with Embodiment Six, the difference is that the cover 15 is fixedly connected to a liquid level sensor 104 for detecting the height of the wastewater liquid level by screws. The liquid level sensor 104 is an ultrasonic liquid level sensor 104, specifically model FST700-CS08. The liquid level sensor 104 is connected to the controller via signal. The controller is also used to receive the wastewater liquid level data collected by the liquid level sensor 104. The controller is connected to the operation panel 7 via signal. The controller is also used to send the collected data to the operation panel 7. The operation panel 7 is used to display the temperature, pH value, liquid level height, wastewater liquid level image, and weight collected by the first weighing sensor 202 and the second weighing sensor 204, etc., collected by the controller.

[0072] The specific implementation process is as follows: The liquid level sensor 104 detects the liquid level of the wastewater in the electrolytic cell 11, and the controller sends the liquid level to the operation panel 7 for display, so as to remind the operator to avoid the wastewater overflowing due to the addition of acid and alkali regulators or excessive stirring intensity; in addition, the operation panel 7 also displays other data, so that the operator can intuitively understand the metal treatment status of the wastewater in the electrolytic cell 11.

[0073] Example 8: As attached Figures 1-5 As shown: Compared with Example 7, the difference is that an annular glass plate is bonded and fixed inside the observation groove 12.

[0074] The specific implementation process is as follows: Sufficient light is ensured inside the electrolytic cell 11 by using a ring-shaped glass plate, so that the camera unit 13 can capture a clear image of the wastewater surface.

[0075] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and / or characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater, characterized in that: It includes an electrolytic cell and an electrolysis mechanism. The electrolytic cell is connected to a delivery pipe for adding wastewater. An electronic flow meter for detecting the volume of added wastewater is connected to the delivery pipe. A cover is detachably connected to the top of the electrolytic cell. The cover has an observation ring groove and a camera unit for collecting images of the wastewater level in the electrolytic cell is fixedly connected to the cover. The lower side of the electrolytic cell is equipped with a sedimentation plate and a stirring unit for stirring wastewater. The sedimentation plate is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the electrolytic cell. A first weighing sensor for detecting the weight of the sedimentation plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The detection end of the first weighing sensor abuts against the bottom of the sedimentation plate. The electrolysis mechanism includes a controller, a drive unit, an adjustment unit, and an electrolysis unit; The drive unit includes a transmission frame fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electrolytic cell, a stepper motor fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission frame, and the output shaft of the stepper motor passing through the transmission frame and being coaxially fixedly connected to a first gear. The adjustment unit includes symmetrically arranged adjustment slots in the side wall of the electrolytic cell. A load-bearing block is vertically slidably fitted in the adjustment slot. A second weighing sensor for detecting the weight of the load-bearing block is set at the bottom of the adjustment slot. The detection end of the second weighing sensor abuts against the bottom of the load-bearing block. An adjustment screw is rotatably connected in the load-bearing block. The adjustment screw passes through the side wall at either end and is coaxially fixedly connected to a second gear. The second gear meshes with the first gear. First adjustment blocks are threadedly connected to both sides of the adjustment screw. The threads on both sides of the adjustment screw rotate in opposite directions. A guide rod is vertically slidably fitted in the inner side wall of the lower side of the electrolytic cell. Second adjustment blocks are symmetrically slidably connected to both sides of the guide rod. The electrolysis unit includes a cathode plate and an anode plate that are detachably connected to a first regulating block and a second regulating block on the same side. An ion membrane is disposed between the cathode plate and the anode plate. The ion membrane is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electrolysis cell. The cathode plate and the anode plate are electrically connected to an electrolysis power supply that controls the voltage and current of the cathode plate and the anode plate. The controller is connected to the electronic flow meter, camera unit, first weighing sensor, second weighing sensor, stirring unit, stepper motor and electrolysis power supply. The controller is used to receive the data collected by the electronic flow meter, camera unit, first weighing sensor, stepper motor and second weighing sensor. The controller is also used to control the stirring unit, stepper motor and electrolysis power supply.

2. The high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that... The mixing assembly includes several aeration branch pipes laid at the bottom of the electrolytic cell and an aeration main pipe connected to the electrolytic cell. The aeration main pipe is connected to the aeration branch pipes, and several aeration holes are opened on the aeration branch pipes. The aeration holes are located at the same horizontal plane. A blower is connected to the aeration main pipe. The blower is used to deliver aeration into the aeration main pipe. The blower is connected to a controller, and the controller is also used to control the blower to adjust the aeration delivery volume.

3. The high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper side wall of the electrolytic cell is connected to a waste gas collection pipe, which is used to collect waste gas inside the electrolytic cell.

4. The high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that: A temperature control tank with a spiral structure is installed inside the side wall of the electrolytic cell. The two ends of the temperature control tank are connected to an inlet pipe and a return pipe, respectively. Both the inlet and return pipes are connected to three-way solenoid valves. One of the three-way solenoid valves is connected to both a heating water supply pipe and a cooling water supply pipe, while the other three-way solenoid valve is connected to both a heating water recovery pipe and a cooling water recovery pipe. The heating water supply pipe and the heating water recovery pipe are connected to a hot water tank for supplying heating water, and the cooling water supply pipe and the cooling water recovery pipe are connected to a cold water tank for supplying cooling water. The hot water tank and the cold water tank are respectively equipped with a hot water pump for supplying hot water and a cold water pump for supplying cold water. The hot water pump is connected to the hot water supply pipe, and the cold water pump is connected to the cold water supply pipe. The side wall of the electrolytic cell is equipped with a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of wastewater. The temperature sensor, the three-way solenoid valve, the hot water pump and the cold water pump are all connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and to control the operation of the three-way solenoid valve, the hot water pump and the cold water pump.

5. The high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the electrolytic cell is equipped with an acid-base meter for detecting the pH of the wastewater. The electrolytic cell is connected to a supply pipe for supplying acid-base regulators. The supply pipe is connected to a supply solenoid valve. Both the supply solenoid valve and the acid-base meter are connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the pH value of the wastewater detected by the acid-base regulator and to control the operation of the supply solenoid valve.

6. The high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anode plate is a ruthenium-iridium-titanium electrode plate made of a combination of ruthenium, iridium and titanium, and the cathode plate is a stainless steel electrode plate made of stainless steel.

7. The high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cover is equipped with a liquid level sensor for detecting the height of the wastewater level. The liquid level sensor is connected to the controller. The controller is also used to receive the wastewater level data collected by the liquid level sensor. The controller is connected to the operation panel and is also used to send the collected data to the operation panel. The operation panel is used to display the data collected by the controller.

8. The high-value metal recovery system for electroplating wastewater according to claim 7, characterized in that: An annular glass plate is fixedly connected inside the annular groove.

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