A device system and method for recovering and utilizing the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization.

Abstract

This invention relates to a device system and method for recovering and utilizing the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization. The device system includes a liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, a hydrogen post-processing unit, a liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, an inlet cooling unit, a water-based cooling unit, a circulating cooling water unit, and a monitoring and control unit. This invention comprehensively utilizes hydrogen-fired gas turbine inlet cooling technology, intermediate medium vaporization technology, and water-based cooling technology to appropriately reduce the inlet temperature of the hydrogen-fired gas turbine unit, improve the power and efficiency of the hydrogen-fired gas turbine under high-temperature operating conditions, realize the recovery and utilization of the cooling energy from liquid hydrogen fuel vaporization, enhance the comprehensive energy utilization level of hydrogen-fired gas turbine combined cycle power plants, and meet the advanced technological requirements of new power systems based on new energy sources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas turbine technology, and more specifically to a device system and method for recovering and utilizing the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the proportion of clean energy is gradually increasing, and hydrogen energy will become an important component of the energy system. Developing hydrogen-powered gas turbines can further address energy security issues and overcome the obstacles to the gas turbine industry's development caused by natural gas shortages. It will also play a crucial supporting role in building a new power system dominated by new energy sources.

[0003] One of the better ways to use and store hydrogen as a fuel or energy carrier is through liquid hydrogen. Hydrogen-blended gas turbines typically burn natural gas mixed with hydrogen, and when using liquid hydrogen fuel, liquid hydrogen vaporization is a crucial step. CN 114738662A discloses a renewable energy integrated utilization system and method based on liquid hydrogen energy storage. This system includes: an electrolysis hydrogen production device connected to a renewable energy power supply device, which provides electricity to the electrolysis hydrogen production device for electrolysis; a hydrogen liquefaction device connected to the hydrogen output pipeline of the electrolysis hydrogen production device, used to liquefy hydrogen; a liquid hydrogen storage device connected to the liquid hydrogen output end of the hydrogen liquefaction device, used to store liquid hydrogen; and a liquid hydrogen vaporization device connected to the output end of the liquid hydrogen storage device, used to vaporize liquid hydrogen. However, liquid hydrogen releases a significant amount of cold energy during vaporization, and this invention does not recover and utilize this cold energy.

[0004] Liquid hydrogen cold energy can be used to produce liquid CO2 and dry ice, and in cold storage, offering significant economic benefits. CN 114087846A discloses a photoelectric hydrogen production and storage device coupled with cold energy recovery for dry ice production and its usage method. The device includes a photoelectric conversion to liquid hydrogen energy storage unit: photoelectric energy participates in water electrolysis to produce hydrogen in this unit. Excess hydrogen after meeting downstream process requirements is liquefied in this unit, outputting liquid hydrogen and thus converting intermittent photoelectric energy into hydrogen energy for storage. When water electrolysis hydrogen production is insufficient but industrial hydrogen demand is continuous, purified CO2 from industrial tail gas and nitrogen from air separation are recovered as high- and low-grade cold energy from the cryogenic liquid hydrogen in this unit, outputting liquid nitrogen and liquid CO2, which are used in the photoelectric conversion to liquid hydrogen energy storage unit and for dry ice production, respectively. The liquid hydrogen is then reheated and supplied to downstream processes. This invention enables intermittent photoelectric energy to be stored in liquid hydrogen form and optimizes the recovery of liquid hydrogen cold energy for liquid nitrogen and dry ice production. However, it requires complex photoelectric conversion devices, limiting its application scope.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, there is an urgent need to provide a device system that can improve the power and operating efficiency of hydrogen-fired gas turbines and realize the recovery and utilization of the cold energy of liquid hydrogen gasification. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device system and method for recovering and utilizing the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen gasification. It comprehensively adopts hydrogen gas turbine inlet cooling technology, intermediate medium gasification technology and water storage cooling technology to fully recover and utilize the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen fuel gasification in hydrogen gas turbine, thus solving the problem of cooling energy waste in the process of utilizing liquid hydrogen fuel in hydrogen gas turbine.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device system for recovering and utilizing the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization, the device system comprising a liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, a hydrogen post-processing unit, a liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, an inlet cooling unit, a water storage cooling unit, a circulating cooling water unit, and a monitoring and control unit.

[0009] The liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit is connected to the hydrogen reprocessing unit and the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit respectively. The hydrogen reprocessing unit is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit. The liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is connected to the air intake cooling unit. The air intake cooling unit is independently connected to the water storage cooling unit and the circulating cooling water unit.

[0010] The monitoring and control unit is used to collect and monitor the temperature, pressure, flow rate, and valve position signals of the device system and remotely transmit them to the control system.

[0011] The device system provided by this invention utilizes the vaporization cooling energy of liquid hydrogen fuel for air cooling of the intake system of a hydrogen-fired gas turbine, appropriately reducing the intake air temperature of the unit, increasing the power generation capacity of the hydrogen-fired gas turbine combined cycle unit under base load, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the hydrogen-fired gas turbine combined cycle unit system, realizing the recovery and utilization of the vaporization cooling energy of liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen-fired gas turbine, and reducing the operating costs of the hydrogen gas turbine power plant, thus having good social and economic benefits. The device system provided by this invention is applicable to the application scenario of hydrogen-fired gas turbine combined cycle power plants, improves the comprehensive energy utilization level of hydrogen-fired gas turbine combined cycle power plants, and can meet the advanced technical requirements of new power systems based on new energy sources.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit includes a liquid hydrogen storage device and a liquid hydrogen reflux path, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage device is connected to the liquid hydrogen supply path.

[0013] The liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit is used for storing, pressurizing, switching on and off, and regulating the flow of liquid hydrogen fuel to meet the needs of supplying liquid hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit; the liquid hydrogen storage device is used to store liquid hydrogen fuel for use in hydrogen-burning gas turbines.

[0014] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen supply path includes a liquid hydrogen supply check valve, a liquid hydrogen supply pump, a liquid hydrogen supply quick-closing isolation valve, and a liquid hydrogen supply flow regulating valve connected in sequence.

[0015] The liquid hydrogen supply check valve is used to prevent liquid hydrogen pumped by the liquid hydrogen supply pump from flowing into the liquid hydrogen storage device; the liquid hydrogen supply pump is used to draw liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage device and pressurize and pump it to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit; the liquid hydrogen supply quick-closing isolation valve is used to quickly switch the liquid hydrogen supply to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, and the quick-closing isolation valve has a quick-closing time of less than 1 second; the liquid hydrogen supply flow regulating valve is used to regulate the flow rate of liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen reflux path includes a liquid hydrogen reflux isolation valve, a liquid hydrogen reflux flow regulating valve, and a liquid hydrogen reflux check valve connected in sequence, wherein the liquid hydrogen reflux check valve is connected to the liquid hydrogen supply check valve.

[0017] The liquid hydrogen reflux isolation valve is used to isolate the liquid hydrogen reflux path from the gas-liquid separator in the hydrogen post-treatment unit; the liquid hydrogen reflux flow regulating valve is used to regulate the liquid hydrogen reflux flow rate from the gas-liquid separator in the hydrogen post-treatment unit; the liquid hydrogen reflux check valve is used to prevent liquid hydrogen after the liquid hydrogen supply check valve from entering the liquid hydrogen reflux path.

[0018] Preferably, the inlet of the liquid hydrogen storage device is equipped with a liquid hydrogen unloading isolation valve, and the top is equipped with a liquid hydrogen storage device safety rupture disc.

[0019] The liquid hydrogen unloading isolation valve is used to isolate the unloading flow path between the external liquid hydrogen source and the liquid hydrogen storage device; the liquid hydrogen storage device safety rupture disc is used for internal overpressure protection of the liquid hydrogen storage device.

[0020] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen supply pump is also connected to a liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet overflow valve. When the liquid hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen supply pump exceeds the set value of the liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet overflow valve, part of the liquid hydrogen overflows back to the liquid hydrogen storage device.

[0021] Preferably, the hydrogen post-processing unit includes a hydrogen-liquid separation device, which is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit; the bottom of the hydrogen-liquid separation device is connected to the liquid hydrogen reflux path, and the top is connected to the hydrogen supply path.

[0022] The hydrogen after-treatment unit is used for gas-liquid separation of the vaporized hydrogen and liquid hydrogen two-phase fluids, hydrogen supply and shutdown, flow regulation, pressure regulation, and filtration, providing hydrogen to the hydrogen gas turbine fuel system that meets specific pressure, temperature, and flow parameter requirements; the hydrogen-liquid separation device is used to receive the gas-liquid hydrogen fluid from the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit and perform gas-liquid separation. The separated pure hydrogen is drawn out from the top of the hydrogen-liquid separation device, and the separated liquid hydrogen is temporarily stored at the bottom of the hydrogen-liquid separation device.

[0023] Preferably, the hydrogen-liquid separation device is equipped with a level gauge for real-time monitoring of the liquid hydrogen level after separation and a level over-limit alarm module.

[0024] Preferably, the hydrogen supply path includes a first safety relief device, a hydrogen supply quick-closing valve, a hydrogen supply flow control valve, a hydrogen supply flow meter, a hydrogen supply pressure reducing valve, a hydrogen supply outlet filter, a second safety relief device, and a hydrogen supply outlet isolation valve, connected in sequence.

[0025] The first safety relief device is used for overpressure safety protection of the equipment and pipelines between the hydrogen supply quick-closing valve and the liquid hydrogen supply flow regulating valve; the hydrogen supply quick-closing valve is used to quickly switch the hydrogen supply on and off when the gas turbine fuel system urgently needs to shut off the hydrogen supply, and the quick-closing time of the hydrogen supply quick-closing valve is less than 1 second; the hydrogen supply flow regulating valve adjusts the amount of hydrogen entering the gas turbine fuel system in real time according to the flow feedback from the hydrogen supply flow meter and the instructions from the gas turbine control system; the hydrogen supply flow meter includes a turbine flow meter and / or an ultrasonic flow meter, used to measure and provide feedback on the hydrogen supply flow in real time; the hydrogen supply pressure reducing valve is used to regulate the hydrogen supply pressure to the hydrogen supply pressure required by the gas turbine fuel system; the hydrogen supply outlet filter is used to ensure the cleanliness of the downstream hydrogen; the second safety relief device is used for overpressure safety protection of the equipment and pipelines between the hydrogen supply quick-closing valve and the hydrogen supply outlet isolation valve; the hydrogen supply outlet isolation valve is used to open and close the flow path between the hydrogen after-treatment unit and the gas turbine fuel system, fully open during normal operation, and closed during system shutdown, maintenance, or emergency.

[0026] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit includes a liquid hydrogen vaporization device, wherein a condensation zone is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and an evaporation zone is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity.

[0027] The liquid hydrogen vaporization unit adopts the form of an intermediate medium evaporator condenser, which uses the return water from the inlet cooling unit to heat the liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, and realizes liquid hydrogen vaporization through heat exchange via an intermediate heat transfer medium.

[0028] Preferably, the intermediate medium includes any one or a combination of at least two of propane, isobutane, ammonia, or Freon. Typical but non-limiting combinations include a combination of propane and isobutane, a combination of isobutane, ammonia, and Freon, or a combination of propane, isobutane, ammonia, and Freon.

[0029] Preferably, the condensation zone is provided with a liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube, the inlet of which is connected to the liquid hydrogen supply flow path, and the outlet of which is connected to the hydrogen-liquid separation device.

[0030] The liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube adopts a multi-layer coil arrangement with low inlet and high outlet. The liquid hydrogen flowing through the tube absorbs the condensation heat of the intermediate medium outside the tube and vaporizes it into hydrogen.

[0031] Preferably, an intermediate medium collection tank is provided between the condensation zone and the evaporation zone, and an intermediate medium gas distribution pipe is provided at the top of the intermediate medium collection tank and an intermediate medium liquid distribution pipe is provided at the bottom.

[0032] The intermediate medium collection tank is used to collect the intermediate medium liquid after condensation in the condensation zone.

[0033] Preferably, a liquid-blocking cover is provided at the top of the intermediate medium gas distribution pipe to prevent the upper intermediate medium liquid from directly entering the evaporation zone of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device through the intermediate medium gas distribution pipe.

[0034] Preferably, the intermediate medium gas distribution pipe is provided with circular holes of 1-3 mm in diameter evenly distributed around the circumference. For example, it can be 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, but it is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values ​​within the range are also applicable.

[0035] The circular holes are used for the distribution and rectification of the intermediate medium vapor to ensure that the intermediate medium vapor from the evaporation zone enters the condensation zone evenly, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condensation zone.

[0036] The circular hole is located above the liquid surface of the intermediate medium collection tank to prevent the liquid from directly entering the evaporation zone through the gas distribution pipe opening, which would affect the heat exchange effect of the evaporation zone.

[0037] Preferably, an intermediate medium spray head is provided at the bottom of the intermediate medium distribution pipe.

[0038] The intermediate medium distribution pipe is used to receive intermediate medium liquid from the intermediate medium collection tank, and adopts a multi-branch non-equidistant ring structure to achieve uniform liquid distribution in the horizontal plane; after receiving the liquid in the distribution pipe, the intermediate medium spray head sprays it onto the outer surface of the cold medium water heat exchange pipe below.

[0039] Preferably, the evaporation zone is provided with a refrigerant water heat exchange pipe, and the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant water heat exchange pipe are independently connected to the air intake cooling unit.

[0040] The chilled water heat exchange tube adopts a multi-layer coil arrangement, and the chilled water flowing inside is effectively cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the intermediate medium outside the tube.

[0041] Preferably, a safety rupture disc for the liquid hydrogen vaporization device is provided on the top of the housing.

[0042] When the liquid hydrogen vaporization device is in operation, the intermediate medium vapor located at the top absorbs the cooling energy of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube and condenses into liquid. It collects in the intermediate medium collection tank and is sprayed onto the chilled water heat exchange tube in the evaporation zone at the bottom of the device through the intermediate medium spray head. The intermediate medium liquid evaporates and absorbs heat to become vapor, while simultaneously cooling the chilled water in the chilled water heat exchange tube. When the internal pressure of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device exceeds the safety limit, the safety rupture disc of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device breaks, and the intermediate medium inside the device is discharged through the venting pipe to a designated safe area in the plant for harmless treatment.

[0043] Preferably, the intake cooling unit includes an intake cooling refrigerant water supply path, an intake cooler, and an intake cooling refrigerant water return path connected in sequence.

[0044] The intake cooling unit uses chilled water from the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit to cool the intake air at the compressor inlet of the hydrogen-fired gas turbine, thereby improving the power and efficiency of the gas turbine in high-temperature weather and effectively recovering and utilizing the cooling energy from the liquid hydrogen vaporization of the hydrogen-fired gas turbine.

[0045] Preferably, the intake cooling refrigerant water supply path includes a refrigerant water circulation pump, a refrigerant water supply check valve, a refrigerant water supply isolation valve, and a refrigerant water supply flow meter connected in sequence, and the refrigerant water supply isolation valve is also connected to a cold water storage isolation valve.

[0046] The chilled water circulation pump is used to pressurize the low-temperature chilled water from the chilled water heat exchange tube, overcoming the friction resistance and elevation difference in the chilled water supply path for the air intake cooling system, and providing sufficient power for the chilled water supply loop circulation; the chilled water supply check valve is used to prevent backflow to the pump inlet, water storage unit, or circulating cooling water unit when the chilled water circulation pump is under low load or stopped; the chilled water supply isolation valve is used to switch the chilled water supply path on and off; the chilled water supply flow meter is used to monitor and measure the flow rate of the low-temperature chilled water entering the air intake cooler.

[0047] Preferably, the refrigerant water circulation pump is also connected to a refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve. When the pressure of the refrigerant water circulation pump exceeds the set value of the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve, part of the refrigerant water overflows to the water storage unit and / or the circulating cooling water unit.

[0048] Preferably, the refrigerant water circulation pump is also connected to a refrigerant water diversion isolation valve.

[0049] Preferably, the refrigerant water circulation pump is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant water heat exchange pipe.

[0050] Preferably, the refrigerant water supply flow meter is also connected to a cold water supply isolation valve.

[0051] Preferably, an intake filter is provided in the upstream airflow direction of the intake cooler.

[0052] The intake cooler adopts a high-efficiency air-water heat exchanger, with chilled water flowing inside the tubes and fins arranged outside the tubes to increase the heat exchange efficiency on the air side. The air passage of the intake system uses seamless heat exchange tubes without joints, and all tubes are placed outside the air passage of the intake system to prevent chilled water from entering the gas turbine compressor due to poor joint sealing. The intake cooler is arranged downstream of the airflow direction of the intake filter to prevent the intake filter element from becoming wet and clogged due to the increase in relative humidity after the air is cooled.

[0053] Preferably, the intake cooling refrigerant water return path includes an intake cooler return water flow regulating valve, an intake cooler return water isolation valve, and an intake cooler return water flow meter connected in sequence.

[0054] The intake cooler return water flow regulating valve is used to regulate the amount of refrigerant water passing through the intake cooler; the intake cooler return water isolation valve is used to switch the refrigerant water return to the intake cooler and to isolate the refrigerant water during intake cooler shutdown and maintenance; the intake cooler return water flow meter is used to monitor and measure the amount of refrigerant water passing through the intake cooler.

[0055] Preferably, the intake cooling refrigerant water return path is further provided with a refrigerant water drain isolation valve.

[0056] A refrigerant water drain isolation valve is installed at the lowest point of the intake cooling refrigerant water return flow path to drain the refrigerant water circuit during intake cooler shutdown and maintenance.

[0057] Preferably, the cold water supply isolation valve, the cold water storage isolation valve, and the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve are respectively connected to the water cold storage unit.

[0058] Preferably, the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve, the refrigerant water diversion isolation valve, and the refrigerant water drain isolation valve are respectively connected to the circulating cooling water unit.

[0059] Preferably, the water-cooled storage unit includes a water-cooled storage distribution path, a water-cooled storage device, and a water-cooled storage supply path connected in sequence.

[0060] The water-cooled storage unit is used to receive the excess refrigerant water cooling capacity of the liquid hydrogen gasification unit that the intake cooling unit cannot absorb in a short time, and to replenish the refrigerant water cooling capacity in a timely manner during the peak cooling demand of the intake cooling unit, thereby balancing the peak-valley difference of the short-term intake cooling capacity and improving the demand responsiveness of the gas turbine intake cooling and the operational stability of the liquid hydrogen gasification unit.

[0061] Preferably, the cold water flow path includes a cold water flow regulating valve and a cold water flow meter connected in sequence, and the cold water flow regulating valve is connected to the cold water storage isolation valve.

[0062] The cold storage water diversion flow regulating valve is used to regulate the diversion flow rate of the cold medium entering the water cold storage device; the cold storage water diversion flow meter is used to monitor and measure the diversion flow rate of the cold medium entering the water cold storage device.

[0063] Preferably, the cold water supply path includes a cold water supply pump, a cold water supply check valve, and a cold water supply flow regulating valve connected in sequence, wherein the cold water supply flow regulating valve is connected to the cold water supply isolation valve.

[0064] The cold storage water supply pump is used to draw low-temperature cold storage water from the cold storage unit and supply it to the air intake cooler; the cold storage water supply check valve is used to prevent the backflow of the refrigerant water supplied to the air intake cooler; the cold storage water supply flow regulating valve is used to regulate the flow rate of low-temperature cold storage water entering the air intake cooler.

[0065] Preferably, the chilled water supply pump is also connected to a chilled water supply pump outlet overflow valve. When the supply pressure of the chilled water exceeds the set value of the chilled water supply pump outlet overflow valve, part of the chilled water overflows back into the chilled water storage device.

[0066] Preferably, the water-based cold storage device is further connected to a first overflow isolation valve for chilled water, which is connected to the overflow valve at the outlet of the chilled water circulation pump.

[0067] The first overflow isolation valve for chilled water is used to switch on and off the overflow chilled water from the outlet overflow valve of the chilled water circulation pump.

[0068] Preferably, the circulating cooling water unit includes a closed-loop cooling water device, which is independently connected to the refrigerant water supply and makeup water path, the refrigerant water distribution path, the refrigerant water overflow return water path, and the cooling water circulation pump, and the cooling water circulation pump is connected to the turbine condenser.

[0069] The circulating cooling water unit is used to fill the initial chilled water circuit of the intake cooling unit and to replenish chilled water during operation. It also receives the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity that cannot be absorbed by the intake cooling unit and the water storage unit working together, and receives the chilled water overflowing from the outlet of the chilled water circulating pump in the intake cooling unit back to the closed cooling water device.

[0070] Preferably, the refrigerant water supply and makeup water path includes a refrigerant water makeup water flow regulating valve and a refrigerant water makeup water flow meter connected in sequence, and the refrigerant water makeup water flow meter is connected to the refrigerant water drain isolation valve.

[0071] The chilled water supply and replenishment flow path is used to initially charge the chilled water circuit of the air intake cooling unit and to replenish chilled water during operation; the chilled water supply and replenishment flow regulating valve is used to regulate the initial chilled water charge and the amount of chilled water replenishment entering the chilled water heat exchange tube; the chilled water replenishment flow meter is used to monitor and measure the initial chilled water charge and the amount of chilled water replenishment entering the chilled water heat exchange tube.

[0072] Preferably, the refrigerant water flow path includes a refrigerant water flow meter and a refrigerant water flow regulating valve connected in sequence, the refrigerant water flow meter being connected to the refrigerant water flow isolation valve; a branch path is led out upstream of the refrigerant water flow regulating valve, the branch path including a cooling water flow regulating valve and a cooling water flow meter connected in sequence, the cooling water flow meter being connected to the cooling water circulation pump.

[0073] The refrigerant water flow meter is used to monitor and measure the total flow rate of the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water flow path; the refrigerant water flow regulating valve is used to regulate the flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant water that flows directly back to the closed cooling water device; the cooling water flow regulating valve is used to regulate the flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant water directly injected into the turbine condenser circulating water system; the cooling water flow meter is used to monitor and measure the flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant water directly injected into the turbine condenser circulating water system; and the cooling water circulation pump is used to pump the low-temperature refrigerant water flow rate directly injected into the turbine condenser circulating water system to the turbine condenser.

[0074] Preferably, the refrigerant water overflow return flow path is provided with a second refrigerant water overflow isolation valve, which is used to switch the overflow refrigerant water flowing back from the outlet of the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve to the closed cooling water device.

[0075] The monitoring and control unit is used to collect and monitor parameter signals such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and valve position in the device system. The relevant signals are remotely transmitted to the power plant's DCS control system for monitoring by the DCS monitoring system.

[0076] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for recovering and utilizing the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen vaporization using the apparatus system described in the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0077] Depending on the hydrogen blending ratio of the gas turbine generator set, the components of the device system are operated in different combinations.

[0078] The method provided by this invention applies different liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling recovery modes to hydrogen-fired gas turbine generator sets with different hydrogen blending ratios. It allows different combinations of operation modes for the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, hydrogen reprocessing unit, liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, intake air cooling unit, water storage cooling unit, and circulating cooling water unit. Typical but non-limiting combinations include combinations of liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, hydrogen reprocessing unit, liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, intake air cooling unit, and water storage cooling unit; combinations of liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, hydrogen reprocessing unit, liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, intake air cooling unit, water storage cooling unit, and circulating cooling water unit; or combinations of liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, hydrogen reprocessing unit, liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, intake air cooling unit, water storage cooling unit, and circulating cooling water unit.

[0079] Preferably, the operation includes setting an intake cooling shutdown trigger condition and an intake cooling shutdown release condition.

[0080] Preferably, when the inlet cooling shutdown trigger condition is met, the inlet cooling unit and the water storage unit are shut down to ensure the safe operation of the hydrogen gas turbine. All the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovered by the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is absorbed by the circulating cooling water unit.

[0081] Preferably, the intake cooling shutdown trigger condition is: T a1 ≤2℃ and T a2 -T c <2℃; where T a1 T represents the inlet air temperature of the intake air cooler. a2 T represents the outlet air temperature of the intake cooler. c This represents the total temperature at the inlet section of the compressor's air inlet chamber.

[0082] Preferably, when the conditions for lifting the shutdown of the air intake cooling are met, the air intake cooling unit and the water storage cooling unit are restarted, the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery and utilization device system is released from the restricted mode, and all components of the device system are in a standby state, subject to the control of the power plant DCS, and are suitable for different combined operation modes.

[0083] Preferably, the condition for releasing the intake cooling shutdown is: T a1 >2℃ or T a2 -T c >2℃.

[0084] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for energy balance analysis and cold energy recovery effect evaluation using the device system described in the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0085] The effectiveness of the intake air cooler in recovering the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen vaporization is evaluated by the intake air cooling capacity recovery efficiency. The efficiency of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer is evaluated by the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit. The heat exchange efficiency of the intake air cooler is evaluated by the heat exchange effect of the intake air cooler and the degree of equipment technical perfection. The energy balance of the device system is established based on the water flow balance relationship of the device system.

[0086] Preferably, the formula for calculating the intake air cooling capacity recovery efficiency is:

[0087]

[0088] in:

[0089] η A —Intake air cooling recovery efficiency, %

[0090] c a —Specific heat capacity of air, kJ / (kg·K);

[0091] m a2 —Air volume at the intake cooler outlet per unit time, kg / s;

[0092] T a1 —Inlet air temperature of the intake cooler, K;

[0093] T a2 —Intake cooler outlet air temperature, K;

[0094] m h2 — Hydrogen production per unit time of liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, kg / s;

[0095] h h2 —The enthalpy of hydrogen at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen-liquid separation unit, kJ / kg;

[0096] h h1 —The mass enthalpy of liquid hydrogen at the liquid hydrogen inlet of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchanger tube, kJ / kg;

[0097] in, h h2 = f ( T h2 , P h2 The temperature of the hydrogen at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen-liquid separator. T h2 and pressure Ph2 Determined; among them, h h1 = f ( T h1， P h1 The temperature of the liquid hydrogen at the liquid hydrogen inlet of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchanger tube. T h1 and pressure P h1 Sure.

[0098] The intake air cooling recovery efficiency is defined as the ratio of the amount of air absorbed by the intake air cooler to the latent heat of vaporization absorbed by the liquid hydrogen vaporization.

[0099] Preferably, the formula for calculating the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is:

[0100]

[0101] in:

[0102] η B —Liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling energy recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, %

[0103] c w —Specific heat capacity of refrigerant water, kJ / (kg·K);

[0104] m w3 —Flow rate of chilled water at the outlet of the heat exchanger tube per unit time (kg / s);

[0105] T w3 —The outlet water temperature of the chilled water heat exchanger tube, in K;

[0106] T w2 —Inlet water temperature of the chilled water heat exchanger tube, K.

[0107] The liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is defined as the ratio of the cooling capacity obtained by the chilled water to the cooling capacity released by the liquid hydrogen vaporization.

[0108] Preferably, the formula for calculating the heat exchange efficiency of the intake air cooler is:

[0109]

[0110] in:

[0111] η C —Intake air cooler heat exchange efficiency, %

[0112] m w6 —Flow rate of refrigerant water at the outlet of the intake air cooler per unit time, kg / s;

[0113] T w6 —Intake cooler refrigerant water outlet temperature, K;

[0114] T w5 —Inlet water temperature of the air intake cooler, K.

[0115] The heat exchange efficiency of the intake cooler is defined as the ratio of the amount of cold air absorbed to the amount of cold water released.

[0116] Ignoring water loss along the flow path of chilled water, cold storage water, and cooling water, a water flow balance relationship is established for different operating modes. Based on the water flow balance relationship, the energy balance of the device system is established. According to the monitoring and regulation requirements of the monitoring and control unit, and under the condition of meeting the temperature, pressure, and flow monitoring requirements of the medium at the parameter definition location, the temperature, pressure, and flow monitoring instruments are simplified and the parameter definition location is set.

[0117] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0118] (1) The device system provided by the present invention takes the lead in comprehensively adopting hydrogen gas turbine inlet cooling technology, intermediate medium gasification technology and water storage cooling technology, which appropriately reduces the inlet temperature of hydrogen gas turbine unit, solves the problem of cold energy waste in the process of using liquid hydrogen fuel in hydrogen gas turbine, improves the power and efficiency of hydrogen gas turbine in high temperature operating environment, realizes the recovery and utilization of cold energy of liquid hydrogen fuel gasification, improves the comprehensive energy utilization level of hydrogen gas turbine combined cycle power plant, and meets the advanced technology requirements of new power system with new energy as the main body;

[0119] (2) This invention provides different liquid hydrogen vaporization cold energy recovery modes applicable to hydrogen gas turbine generator sets with different hydrogen doping ratios for the application scenario of hydrogen gas turbine combined cycle power plants. It allows different combined operation modes to be applied to the components of the device system. It also provides specific methods for energy balance analysis and cold energy recovery effect evaluation applicable to the device system, filling the relevant technical gaps. Attached Figure Description

[0120] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device system for recovering and utilizing the cold energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0121] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0122] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen after-treatment unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0123] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0124] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the intake cooling unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0125] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water-cooled storage unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0126] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circulating cooling water unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0127] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the parameter positioning of the device system for recovering and utilizing the cold energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization is provided for application example 1 of the present invention.

[0128] in:

[0129] 1. Liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit; 101. Liquid hydrogen unloading isolation valve; 102. Liquid hydrogen storage device; 103. Liquid hydrogen storage device thermometer; 104. Liquid hydrogen storage device pressure gauge; 105. Liquid hydrogen storage device safety rupture disc; 106. Liquid hydrogen supply check valve; 107. Liquid hydrogen supply pump; 108. Liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet overflow valve; 109. Liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet thermometer; 110. Liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet pressure gauge; 111. Liquid hydrogen supply quick-closing isolation valve; 112. Liquid hydrogen supply flow regulating valve; 113. Liquid hydrogen reflux isolation valve; 114. Liquid hydrogen reflux flow regulating valve; 115. Liquid hydrogen reflux check valve.

[0130] 2. Hydrogen post-treatment unit; 201. Hydrogen-liquid separation device; 202. Hydrogen-liquid separation device level gauge; 203. First safety relief device; 204. Hydrogen supply thermometer; 205. Hydrogen supply pressure gauge; 206. Hydrogen supply quick-closing valve; 207. Hydrogen supply flow control valve; 208. Hydrogen supply flow meter; 209. Hydrogen supply pressure reducing valve; 210. Hydrogen supply thermometer; 211. Hydrogen supply pressure gauge; 212. Hydrogen supply outlet filter; 213. Second safety relief device; 214. Hydrogen supply outlet isolation valve.

[0131] 3. Liquid hydrogen vaporization unit; 301. Liquid hydrogen vaporization device; 302. Liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube; 303. Intermediate medium collection tank; 304. Intermediate medium gas distribution pipe; 305. Intermediate medium liquid distribution pipe; 306. Intermediate medium spray head; 307. Cooling water heat exchange tube; 308. Cooling water inlet thermometer; 309. Cooling water outlet thermometer; 310. Liquid hydrogen vaporization device component analyzer; 311. Liquid hydrogen vaporization device thermometer; 312. Liquid hydrogen vaporization device pressure gauge; 313. Liquid hydrogen vaporization device safety rupture disc.

[0132] 4. Intake Cooling Unit; 401. Refrigerant Water Circulation Pump; 402. Refrigerant Water Circulation Pump Outlet Thermometer; 403. Refrigerant Water Circulation Pump Outlet Pressure Gauge; 404. Refrigerant Water Circulation Pump Outlet Overflow Valve; 405. Refrigerant Water Supply Check Valve; 406. Refrigerant Water Supply Isolation Valve; 407. Refrigerant Water Supply Flow Meter; 408. Intake Cooler Inlet Water Thermometer; 409. Intake Cooler; 410. Intake Cooler Return Water Thermometer; 411. Intake Cooling 412, Air intake cooler return water flow regulating valve; 413, Air intake cooler return water flow meter; 414, Chilled water supply isolation valve; 415, Chilled water storage isolation valve; 416, Refrigerant water diversion isolation valve; 417, Refrigerant water drain isolation valve; 418, Refrigerant water overflow flow meter; 419, Inlet air cooler front thermometer; 420, Inlet air cooler rear thermometer; 421, Inlet air cooler rear hygrometer; 422, Inlet air filter;

[0133] 5. Water-based cold storage unit; 501. Water-based cold storage device; 502. Cold storage water diversion flow regulating valve; 503. Cold storage water diversion flow meter; 504. Cold storage water supply pump; 505. Cold storage water supply pump outlet overflow valve; 506. Cold storage water supply pump outlet thermometer; 507. Cold storage water supply pump outlet pressure gauge; 508. Cold storage water supply check valve; 509. Cold storage water supply flow regulating valve; 510. Refrigerant water first overflow isolation valve;

[0134] 6. Circulating cooling water unit; 601. Closed-loop cooling water device; 602. Refrigerant water makeup water thermometer; 603. Refrigerant water makeup water flow regulating valve; 604. Refrigerant water makeup water flow meter; 605. Refrigerant water flow meter; 606. Refrigerant water flow regulating valve; 607. Cooling water flow regulating valve; 608. Cooling water flow meter; 609. Second overflow isolation valve for refrigerant water; 610. Cooling water circulating pump; 611. Gas turbine condenser; 612. Condenser pressure gauge;

[0135] 7. Monitoring and control unit; 1A, Liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit interface 1; 1B, Liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit interface 2; 2A, Hydrogen after-treatment unit interface 1; 2B, Hydrogen after-treatment unit interface 2; 3A, Liquid hydrogen vaporization unit interface 1; 3B, Liquid hydrogen vaporization unit interface 2; 3C, Liquid hydrogen vaporization unit interface 3; 3D, Liquid hydrogen vaporization unit interface 4; 4A, Inlet cooling unit interface 1; 4B, Inlet cooling unit interface 2; 4C, Inlet cooling... 4D, Intake Cooling Unit 3rd Interface; 4E, Intake Cooling Unit 5th Interface; 4F, Intake Cooling Unit 6th Interface; 4G, Intake Cooling Unit 7th Interface; 4H, Intake Cooling Unit 8th Interface; 5A, Water Storage Unit 1st Interface; 5B, Water Storage Unit 2nd Interface; 5C, Water Storage Unit 3rd Interface; 6A, Circulating Cooling Water Unit 1st Interface; 6B, Circulating Cooling Water Unit 2nd Interface; 6C, Circulating Cooling Water Unit 3rd Interface;

[0136] h1, Liquid hydrogen inlet of liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchanger tube; h2, Hydrogen outlet of hydrogen-liquid separation unit; h3, Liquid hydrogen outlet of hydrogen-liquid separation unit; a1, Air inlet of air cooler; a2, Air outlet of air cooler; w1, Outlet of refrigerant water makeup flow meter; w2, Inlet of refrigerant water heat exchanger tube; w3, Outlet of refrigerant water heat exchanger tube; w4, Outlet of refrigerant water circulation pump; w5, Refrigerant water inlet of air cooler; w6, Refrigerant water outlet of air cooler; w7, Outlet of chilled water supply pump; w8, Outlet of refrigerant water diversion flow meter; w9, Outlet of refrigerant water diversion flow meter; w10, Outlet of cooling water diversion flow meter; w11, Outlet of refrigerant water overflow flow meter. Detailed Implementation

[0137] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.

[0138] Example 1

[0139] This embodiment provides a device system for recovering and utilizing the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen vaporization, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device system includes a liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit 1, a hydrogen post-processing unit 2, a liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3, an intake cooling unit 4, a water storage cooling unit 5, a circulating cooling water unit 6, and a monitoring and control unit 7.

[0140] The liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit 1 is provided with a first interface 1A and a second interface 1B. The first interface 1A is connected to the first interface 3A of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3 for supplying liquid hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3. The second interface 1B is connected to the second interface 2B of the hydrogen reprocessing unit 2 for recovering the liquid hydrogen separated by the hydrogen reprocessing unit 2.

[0141] The hydrogen post-processing unit 2 is provided with a hydrogen post-processing unit first interface 2A, which is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3 liquid hydrogen vaporization unit second interface 3B.

[0142] The liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3 is provided with a third interface 3C and a fourth interface 3D. The third interface 3C is connected to the first interface 4A of the air intake cooling unit 4 and is used to receive the air intake cooling return water of the air intake cooling unit 4. The fourth interface 3D is connected to the second interface 4B of the air intake cooling unit 4 and is used to supply low-temperature chilled water to the air intake cooling unit 4.

[0143] The intake cooling unit 4 is provided with an intake cooling unit third interface 4C, an intake cooling unit fourth interface 4D, an intake cooling unit fifth interface 4E, an intake cooling unit sixth interface 4F, an intake cooling unit seventh interface 4G, and an intake cooling unit eighth interface 4H. The intake cooling unit third interface 4C is connected to the circulating cooling water unit 6 and is used to receive the initial refrigerant water charge from the circulating cooling water unit 6 and the refrigerant water replenishment during operation. The intake cooling unit fourth interface 4D is connected to the circulating cooling water unit second interface 6B and is used to divert excess refrigerant water to the circulating cooling water unit 6. The 5th interface 4E is connected to the 1st interface 6A of the circulating cooling water unit, and is used to recover the refrigerant water overflowing from the refrigerant water circulation pump w4 back to the circulating cooling water unit 6; the 6th interface 4F of the intake cooling unit is connected to the 3rd interface 5C of the water storage unit 5, and is used to recover the refrigerant water overflowing from the outlet w4 of the refrigerant water circulation pump back to the water storage unit 5; the 7th interface 4G of the intake cooling unit is connected to the 2nd interface 5B of the water storage unit, and is used to transport excess refrigerant water for short-term intake cooling to the water storage unit 5; the 8th interface 4H of the intake cooling unit is connected to the 1st interface 5A of the water storage unit, and is used to replenish the intake cooling system with low-temperature stored water from the water storage unit 5;

[0144] The monitoring and control unit 7 is used to collect and monitor the temperature, pressure, flow rate and valve position signals of the device system and remotely transmit them to the power plant DCS control system for monitoring by the DCS monitoring system.

[0145] The liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit 1 provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 2 As shown, the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit 1 includes a liquid hydrogen storage device 102 and a liquid hydrogen reflux path, and the liquid hydrogen storage device 102 is connected to a liquid hydrogen supply path.

[0146] The liquid hydrogen supply path includes a liquid hydrogen supply check valve 106, a liquid hydrogen supply pump 107, a liquid hydrogen supply quick-closing isolation valve 111, and a liquid hydrogen supply flow regulating valve 112 connected in sequence. The liquid hydrogen supply check valve 106 is used to prevent the liquid hydrogen pumped by the liquid hydrogen supply pump 107 from flowing into the liquid hydrogen storage device 102. The liquid hydrogen supply pump 107 is used to draw liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage device 102 and pressurize and pump it to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3. The liquid hydrogen supply quick-closing isolation valve 111 is used to quickly switch the liquid hydrogen supply to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3, and the quick-closing isolation valve has a quick-closing time of 0.8s. The liquid hydrogen supply flow regulating valve 112 is used to regulate the flow rate of liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3.

[0147] The hydrogen supply path includes a liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet overflow valve 108, a liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet thermometer 109, and a liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet pressure gauge 110 at the liquid hydrogen supply pump 107. The liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet overflow valve 108 limits the maximum pressure of liquid hydrogen supplied from the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit 1 to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3. When the liquid hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen supply pump 107 exceeds the set value of the liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet overflow valve 108, some liquid hydrogen will overflow back to the liquid hydrogen storage device 102. The liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet thermometer 109 monitors the temperature of the liquid hydrogen supplied from the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit 1 to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3. The liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet pressure gauge 110 monitors the pressure of the liquid hydrogen supplied from the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit 1 to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3.

[0148] The liquid hydrogen reflux path includes a liquid hydrogen reflux isolation valve 113, a liquid hydrogen reflux flow regulating valve 114, and a liquid hydrogen reflux check valve 115 connected in sequence. The liquid hydrogen reflux isolation valve 113 is used to isolate the liquid hydrogen reflux path from the gas-liquid separator in the hydrogen post-processing unit 2. The liquid hydrogen reflux flow regulating valve 114 is used to regulate the liquid hydrogen reflux flow rate from the hydrogen-liquid separation device 201 in the hydrogen post-processing unit 2. The liquid hydrogen reflux check valve 115 is used to prevent liquid hydrogen after the liquid hydrogen supply check valve 106 from entering the liquid hydrogen reflux path.

[0149] The liquid hydrogen storage device 102 is equipped with a liquid hydrogen unloading isolation valve 101 at its inlet to isolate the unloading flow path between the external liquid hydrogen source and the liquid hydrogen storage device 102; a liquid hydrogen storage device thermometer 103 is installed on the liquid hydrogen storage device 102 to monitor the internal temperature; a liquid hydrogen storage device pressure gauge 104 is installed on the liquid hydrogen storage device 102 to monitor the internal pressure; and a liquid hydrogen storage device safety rupture disc 105 is installed on the top of the liquid hydrogen storage device 102 for overpressure protection.

[0150] The hydrogen after-treatment unit 2 provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen post-processing unit 2 includes a hydrogen-liquid separation device 201, which is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3; the bottom of the hydrogen-liquid separation device 201 is connected to the liquid hydrogen return flow path, and the top is connected to the hydrogen supply flow path.

[0151] The hydrogen-liquid separation device 201 is equipped with a hydrogen-liquid separation device level gauge 202, which is used to monitor the liquid hydrogen level after separation by the hydrogen-liquid separation device 201 in real time and set up a liquid level over-limit alarm module; the outlet of the hydrogen-liquid separation device 201 is equipped with a hydrogen supply thermometer 204 and a hydrogen supply pressure gauge 205, which are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen after vaporization by the hydrogen-liquid separation device 201, respectively.

[0152] The hydrogen supply path includes, in sequence, a first safety relief device 203, a hydrogen supply quick-closing valve 206, a hydrogen supply flow control valve 207, a hydrogen supply flow meter 208, a hydrogen supply pressure reducing valve 209, a hydrogen supply outlet filter 212, a second safety relief device 213, and a hydrogen supply outlet isolation valve 214. The first safety relief device 203 provides overpressure safety protection for the equipment and pipelines between the hydrogen supply quick-closing valve 206 and the liquid hydrogen supply flow regulating valve 112. The hydrogen supply quick-closing valve 206 is used to quickly switch the hydrogen supply on and off when the system urgently needs to shut off the hydrogen supply; the quick-closing time of the hydrogen supply quick-closing valve is 0.8 seconds. The hydrogen supply flow control valve 207 adjusts the amount of hydrogen entering the gas turbine fuel system in real time based on the flow feedback from the hydrogen supply flow meter 208 and the instructions from the gas turbine control system. The hydrogen supply flow meter 208 is used to measure and provide feedback on the hydrogen supply flow rate in real time; the hydrogen supply pressure reducing valve 209 is used to adjust the hydrogen supply pressure to the hydrogen supply pressure required by the gas turbine fuel system; the hydrogen supply outlet filter 212 is used to ensure the cleanliness of the downstream hydrogen; the second safety relief device 213 is used for overpressure safety protection of the equipment and pipelines between the hydrogen supply quick-closing valve 206 and the hydrogen supply outlet isolation valve 214; the hydrogen supply outlet isolation valve 214 is used to open and close the flow path of the hydrogen after-treatment unit 2 and the gas turbine fuel system, and is fully open during normal operation and closed during system shutdown, maintenance or emergency; a hydrogen supply thermometer 210 and a hydrogen supply pressure gauge 211 are installed after the hydrogen supply pressure reducing valve 209 to monitor the hydrogen temperature and hydrogen pressure after the hydrogen supply pressure reducing valve 209 in real time.

[0153] The liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3 provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 4 As shown, the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3 includes a liquid hydrogen vaporization device 301, the top of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device 301 is provided with a condensation zone, and the bottom of the inner cavity is provided with an evaporation zone;

[0154] The condensation zone is equipped with a multi-layer coiled liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube 302 with a low inlet and high outlet. The inlet of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube 302 is connected to the liquid hydrogen supply flow path, and the outlet is connected to the hydrogen-liquid separation device 201.

[0155] An intermediate medium collection tank 303 is provided between the condensation zone and the evaporation zone. An intermediate medium gas distribution pipe 304 is installed at the top of the intermediate medium collection tank 303, and an intermediate medium liquid distribution pipe 305 is installed at the bottom. These pipes collect the intermediate medium propane liquid from the intermediate medium collection tank 303 and employ a multi-branch, non-equidistant annular structure to achieve uniform liquid distribution in the horizontal plane. A liquid-blocking cover is installed at the top of the intermediate medium gas distribution pipe 304. The intermediate medium gas distribution pipe 304 has evenly distributed 1mm diameter circular holes along its circumference for propane vapor distribution and rectification, ensuring that propane vapor from the evaporation zone enters the condensation zone uniformly, thus improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condensation zone. The lowest outlet of the intermediate medium gas distribution pipe 304 is located 10cm above the liquid surface of the intermediate medium collection tank 303 to prevent propane liquid from directly entering the evaporation zone through the opening of the intermediate medium gas distribution pipe 304, which would affect the heat exchange effect of the evaporation zone. An intermediate medium spray head 306 is installed at the bottom of the intermediate medium liquid distribution pipe 305.

[0156] The evaporation zone is equipped with a multi-layer coiled refrigerant water heat exchange tube 307. The inlet and outlet of the refrigerant water heat exchange tube 307 are independently connected to the air intake cooling unit 4. A refrigerant water inlet thermometer 308 is installed at the inlet of the refrigerant water heat exchange tube 307 for real-time monitoring of the refrigerant water inlet temperature. A refrigerant water outlet thermometer 309 is installed at the outlet of the refrigerant water heat exchange tube 307 for real-time monitoring of the refrigerant water outlet temperature.

[0157] The top of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device 301 is equipped with a liquid hydrogen vaporization device component analyzer 310, a liquid hydrogen vaporization device thermometer 311, a liquid hydrogen vaporization device pressure gauge 312, and a liquid hydrogen vaporization device safety rupture disc 313. The liquid hydrogen vaporization device thermometer 311 and liquid hydrogen vaporization device pressure gauge 312 are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the intermediate medium inside the liquid hydrogen vaporization device 301, respectively. When the internal pressure of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device 301 exceeds the safety limit, the liquid hydrogen vaporization device safety rupture disc 313 will break, and the intermediate medium will be discharged through the venting pipe to a designated safe area in the plant for harmless treatment.

[0158] The intake cooling unit 4 provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 5 As shown, the intake cooling unit 4 includes an intake cooling refrigerant water supply path, an intake cooler, and an intake cooling refrigerant water return path connected in sequence.

[0159] The intake cooling refrigerant water supply path includes a refrigerant water circulation pump 401, a refrigerant water supply check valve 405, a refrigerant water supply isolation valve 406, and a refrigerant water supply flow meter 407 connected in sequence. The refrigerant water supply isolation valve 406 is also connected to a cold water storage isolation valve 415. The refrigerant water circulation pump 401 is used to pressurize the low-temperature refrigerant water from the refrigerant water heat exchange tube 307, overcoming the friction resistance and elevation difference resistance of the intake cooling refrigerant water supply path, and providing circulation for the refrigerant water supply loop. Provides sufficient power; the chilled water supply check valve 405 is used to backflow the chilled water circulation pump 401 inlet, water storage unit 5, or circulating cooling water unit 6 when the chilled water circulation pump 401 is under low load or stopped; the chilled water supply isolation valve 406 is used to open and close the chilled water supply path; the chilled water supply flow meter 407 is used to monitor and measure the low-temperature chilled water flow entering the air intake cooler 409; the chilled water supply flow meter 407 is also connected to the cold storage water supply isolation valve 414;

[0160] The refrigerant water circulation pump 401 is also connected to a refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve 404. When the pressure of the refrigerant water circulation pump 401 exceeds the set value of the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve 404, part of the refrigerant water overflows to the water storage unit 5 or the circulating cooling water unit 6. The refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve 404 is equipped with a refrigerant water overflow flow meter 418 to measure the flow rate of low-temperature refrigerant water overflowing from the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve 404. The refrigerant water circulation pump 401 is also connected to a refrigerant water diversion isolation valve 416. The refrigerant water circulation pump 401 is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant water heat exchange tube 307.

[0161] The intake cooling refrigerant water supply path is equipped with a refrigerant water circulation pump outlet thermometer 402 to monitor the refrigerant water temperature at the outlet of the refrigerant water circulation pump 401; a circulation pump outlet pressure gauge 403 to monitor the refrigerant water pressure at the outlet of the refrigerant water circulation pump 401; and an intake cooler inlet water thermometer 408 to monitor the refrigerant water inlet temperature of the intake cooler 409.

[0162] The intake cooler 409 has refrigerant water flowing inside and fins arranged on the outside to increase the heat exchange efficiency on the air side. The intake system air passage uses seamless heat exchange tubes without joints. The seamless heat exchange tubes are placed outside the intake system air passage to prevent refrigerant water from entering the gas turbine compressor due to poor joint sealing. The intake cooler 409 is arranged downstream of the intake filter 422 in the airflow direction to prevent the intake filter 422 element from becoming wet and clogged due to the increase in relative humidity after the air is cooled.

[0163] The intake air cooler 409 is equipped with a front thermometer 419 and a rear thermometer 420, which are used to monitor the air temperature in front of the intake air cooler 409 and the air temperature behind the intake air cooler 409, respectively; the intake air cooler 409 is also equipped with a rear hygrometer 421, which is used to monitor the air humidity behind the intake air cooler 409.

[0164] The intake cooling refrigerant water return path includes an intake cooler return water flow regulating valve 411, an intake cooler return water isolation valve 412, and an intake cooler return water flow meter 413 connected in sequence. The intake cooler return water flow regulating valve 411 is used to control the refrigerant water volume of the intake cooler 409. The intake cooler return water isolation valve 412 is used to switch the refrigerant water return of the intake cooler 409 on and off, and to isolate the refrigerant water during the shutdown and maintenance of the intake cooler 409. The intake cooler return water flow meter 413 is used to monitor and measure the refrigerant water volume passing through the intake cooler 409.

[0165] The intake cooling refrigerant water return flow path is equipped with an intake cooler return water thermometer 410 to monitor the refrigerant water return water temperature of the intake cooler 409; the intake cooling refrigerant water return flow path is also equipped with a refrigerant water drain isolation valve 417 to drain the refrigerant water circuit during the shutdown and maintenance of the intake cooler 409.

[0166] The water-cooled storage unit 5 provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 6 As shown, the water storage unit 5 includes a cold storage water distribution path, a water storage device 501, and a cold storage water supply path connected in sequence.

[0167] The cold water distribution path includes a cold water distribution flow regulating valve 502 and a cold water distribution flow meter 503 connected in sequence. The cold water distribution flow regulating valve 502 is connected to the cold water storage isolation valve 415. The cold water distribution flow regulating valve 502 is used to regulate the flow rate of the diverted chilled water entering the cold water storage device 501. The cold water distribution flow meter 503 is used to monitor and measure the flow rate of the diverted chilled water entering the cold water storage device 501.

[0168] The cold water supply path includes a cold water supply pump 504, a cold water supply check valve 508, and a cold water supply flow regulating valve 509 connected in sequence. The cold water supply flow regulating valve 509 is connected to the cold water supply isolation valve 414. The cold water supply pump 504 is used to draw low-temperature cold water from the cold water storage unit 5 and supply it to the air intake cooler 409. The cold water supply check valve 508 is used to prevent the backflow of the refrigerant water supplied to the air intake cooler 409. The cold water supply flow regulating valve 509 is used to regulate the flow rate of low-temperature cold water entering the air intake cooler 409.

[0169] The chilled water supply pump 504 is also connected to a chilled water supply pump outlet overflow valve 505. When the chilled water supply pressure exceeds the set value of the chilled water supply pump outlet overflow valve 505, part of the chilled water overflows back to the chilled water storage device 501. The chilled water supply pump 504 is also equipped with a chilled water supply pump outlet thermometer 506 and a chilled water supply pump outlet pressure gauge 507, which are used to monitor the chilled water temperature and pressure at the outlet of the chilled water supply pump 504, respectively.

[0170] The water-cooled storage device is also connected to a first overflow isolation valve 510 for chilled water. The first overflow isolation valve 510 for chilled water is connected to the overflow valve 404 at the outlet of the chilled water circulation pump and is used to switch on and off the overflow chilled water from the overflow valve 404 at the outlet of the chilled water circulation pump.

[0171] The circulating cooling water unit 6 provided in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 7 As shown, the circulating cooling water unit 6 includes a closed-loop cooling water device 601, which is independently connected to the refrigerant water supply and makeup water path, the refrigerant water distribution path, the refrigerant water overflow return water path, and the cooling water circulation pump 610. The cooling water circulation pump 610 is connected to a turbine condenser 611. The turbine condenser 611 is equipped with a condenser pressure gauge 612 for real-time monitoring of the turbine exhaust back pressure inside the turbine condenser 611.

[0172] The refrigerant water supply and replenishment path is used to initially charge the refrigerant water circuit of the air intake cooling unit 4 with refrigerant water and to replenish refrigerant water during operation. It includes a refrigerant water replenishment flow regulating valve 602 and a refrigerant water replenishment flow meter 603 connected in sequence. The refrigerant water replenishment flow meter 603 is connected to the refrigerant water drain isolation valve 417. The refrigerant water supply and replenishment flow regulating valve 602 is used to regulate the initial refrigerant water charge and the refrigerant water replenishment during operation entering the refrigerant water heat exchange tube 307. The refrigerant water replenishment flow meter 603 is used to monitor and measure the initial refrigerant water charge and the refrigerant water replenishment during operation entering the refrigerant water heat exchange tube 307. A refrigerant water replenishment thermometer 604 is installed downstream of the refrigerant water replenishment flow meter 603 to monitor the refrigerant water replenishment temperature.

[0173] The refrigerant water flow path includes a refrigerant water flow meter 605 and a refrigerant water flow regulating valve 606 connected in sequence. The refrigerant water flow meter 605 is connected to the refrigerant water flow isolation valve 416. A branch flow path is led out upstream of the refrigerant water flow regulating valve 606. The branch flow path includes a cooling water flow regulating valve 607 and a cooling water flow meter 608 connected in sequence. The cooling water flow meter 608 is connected to the cooling water circulation pump 610. The refrigerant water flow meter 605 is used to monitor and measure the total flow rate of the refrigerant water flow path. The refrigerant water flow regulating valve 606 is used to regulate the flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant water directly returning to the closed-loop cooling water device 601. The cooling water flow regulating valve 607 is used to regulate the flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant water directly injected into the circulating water system of the turbine condenser 611. The cooling water flow meter 608 is used to monitor and measure the flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant water directly injected into the circulating water system of the turbine condenser 611.

[0174] The refrigerant water overflow return flow path is equipped with a second refrigerant water overflow isolation valve 609, which is used to switch the overflow refrigerant water flowing back from the outlet of the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve 404 to the closed cooling water device 601.

[0175] Application Example 1

[0176] This application example provides a method for recovering and utilizing the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen vaporization using the device system provided in Example 1. The method includes:

[0177] Based on the hydrogen blending ratio of the gas turbine generator set, the liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, hydrogen post-processing unit, liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, air intake cooling unit, water storage cooling unit and circulating cooling water unit in the device system are combined for operation.

[0178] The operation is configured with an intake cooling shutdown trigger condition and an intake cooling shutdown release condition. When the intake cooling shutdown trigger condition is met, the intake cooling unit and the water storage cooling unit are shut down, and all the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovered by the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is absorbed by the circulating cooling water unit. The intake cooling shutdown trigger condition is: T a1 ≤2℃ and T a2 -T c <2℃; the condition for releasing the air intake cooling shutdown is met, the air intake cooling unit and the water storage cooling unit are restarted, and all components of the device system are in a standby state; the condition for releasing the air intake cooling shutdown is: T a1 >2℃ or T a2 -T c >2℃; where T a1 T represents the inlet air temperature of the intake air cooler. a2 T represents the outlet air temperature of the intake cooler.c This refers to the total temperature at the inlet section of the compressor inlet chamber.

[0179] The method described above is used to recover and utilize the cold energy from liquid hydrogen vaporization. Then, the device system is used for energy balance analysis and cold energy recovery effect evaluation. The methods for energy balance analysis and cold energy recovery effect evaluation include:

[0180] The effectiveness of the intake air cooler in recovering the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen vaporization is evaluated by the intake air cooling capacity recovery efficiency. The efficiency of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer is evaluated by the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit. The heat exchange efficiency of the intake air cooler is evaluated by the heat exchange effect of the intake air cooler and the degree of equipment technical perfection. The energy balance of the device system is established based on the water flow balance relationship of the device system.

[0181] The following section will describe in detail the energy balance analysis and cold energy recovery effect evaluation methods provided in this application example, with reference to the illustrations. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the parameter definitions and locations of the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling energy recovery and utilization device system include: liquid hydrogen inlet h1 of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube, hydrogen outlet h2 of the hydrogen-liquid separation device, liquid hydrogen outlet h3 of the hydrogen-liquid separation device, air inlet a1 of the air inlet cooler, air outlet a2 of the air inlet cooler, outlet w1 of the refrigerant water makeup water flow meter, inlet w2 of the refrigerant water heat exchange tube, outlet w3 of the refrigerant water heat exchange tube, outlet w4 of the refrigerant water circulation pump, inlet w5 of the air inlet cooler, outlet w6 of the air inlet cooler, outlet w7 of the cold storage water supply pump, outlet w8 of the refrigerant water flow meter, outlet w9 of the refrigerant water flow meter, outlet w10 of the cooling water flow meter, and outlet w11 of the refrigerant water overflow flow meter.

[0182] The intake air cooling recovery efficiency is defined as the ratio of the amount of air absorbed by the intake cooler to the latent heat of vaporization absorbed by liquid hydrogen, and the calculation formula is:

[0183] (Equation-1)

[0184] in:

[0185] η A —Intake air cooling recovery efficiency, %

[0186] c a —Specific heat capacity of air, kJ / (kg·K);

[0187] m a2 —Air volume at the intake cooler outlet per unit time, kg / s;

[0188] T a1 —Inlet air temperature of the intake cooler, K;

[0189] T a2 —Intake cooler outlet air temperature, K;

[0190] m h2 — Hydrogen production per unit time of liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, kg / s;

[0191] h h2 —The enthalpy of hydrogen at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen-liquid separation unit, kJ / kg;

[0192] h h1 —The mass enthalpy of liquid hydrogen at the liquid hydrogen inlet of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchanger tube, kJ / kg;

[0193] in, h h2 = f ( T h2 , P h2 The temperature of the hydrogen at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen-liquid separator. T h2 and pressure P h2 Determined; among them, h h1 = f ( T h1， P h1 The temperature of the liquid hydrogen at the liquid hydrogen inlet of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchanger tube. T h1 and pressure P h1 Sure.

[0194] The liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is defined as the ratio of the cooling capacity obtained by the chilled water to the cooling capacity released by the liquid hydrogen vaporization, and the calculation formula is:

[0195] (Equation-2)

[0196] in:

[0197] η B —Liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling energy recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, %

[0198] c w —Specific heat capacity of refrigerant water, kJ / (kg·K);

[0199] mw3 —Flow rate of chilled water at the outlet of the heat exchanger tube per unit time (kg / s);

[0200] T w3 —The outlet water temperature of the chilled water heat exchanger tube, in K;

[0201] T w2 —Inlet water temperature of the chilled water heat exchanger tube, K.

[0202] The heat exchange efficiency of the intake cooler is defined as the ratio of the amount of cold air absorbed to the amount of cold water released, and the calculation formula is:

[0203] (Equation 3)

[0204] in:

[0205] η C —Intake air cooler heat exchange efficiency, %

[0206] m w6 —Flow rate of refrigerant water at the outlet of the intake air cooler per unit time, kg / s;

[0207] T w6 —Intake cooler refrigerant water outlet temperature, K;

[0208] T w5 —Inlet water temperature of the air intake cooler, K.

[0209] Neglecting flow losses along the flow path for chilled water, cold storage water, and cooling water, the following water flow balance relationship exists:

[0210] Taking the inlet node w2 of the chilled water heat exchanger pipe as an example, the water flow into this node is equal to the sum of the water flow at the chilled water outlet w6 of the air intake cooler and the water flow at the outlet w1 of the chilled water makeup water flow meter; the water flow out of this node is equal to the water flow at the inlet node w2 of the chilled water heat exchanger pipe, that is:

[0211] m w2 = m w6 + m w1 (Equation-4)

[0212] In the formula:

[0213] m w1 —Outlet flow rate of refrigerant water makeup flow meter, kg / s;

[0214] m w2 —Inlet flow rate of chilled water heat exchanger tubes, kg / s;

[0215] m w6 —Intake cooler refrigerant water outlet flow rate, kg / s;

[0216] When the refrigerant water makeup is stopped, the inlet water flow rate of the refrigerant water heat exchanger tube is equal to the outlet water flow rate of the air intake cooler.

[0217] Taking the outlet w4 node of the chilled water circulating pump as the object, the water flow into this node is equal to the water flow at the outlet w3 of the chilled water heat exchanger pipe; the water flow out of this node is equal to the sum of the chilled water inlet w5 of the air cooler, the water flow at the outlet w8 of the chilled water diversion meter, the water flow at the outlet w9 of the chilled water diversion meter, and the water flow at the outlet w11 of the chilled water overflow meter, minus the water flow at the outlet w7 of the chilled water supply pump, that is:

[0218] m w3 =( m w5 - m w7 )+ m w8 + m w9 + m w11 (Equation 5)

[0219] In the formula:

[0220] m w3 —Flow rate of chilled water heat exchanger tube outlet, kg / s;

[0221] m w5 —Inlet flow rate of refrigerant water for intake air cooler, kg / s;

[0222] m w7 —Outlet flow rate of the chilled water supply pump, kg / s;

[0223] m w8 —Outlet water flow rate of the cold storage diversion flow meter, kg / s;

[0224] m w9 —Refrigerant diversion flow meter outlet water flow rate, kg / s;

[0225] m w11 —Outlet flow rate of refrigerant water overflow meter, kg / s;

[0226] When the hydrogen blending ratio in a hydrogen-fired gas turbine is less than 15%, the energy released from the vaporization of liquid hydrogen is limited. The main source of energy recovery is the intake air cooler, and the refrigerant water is diverted to a closed cooling water path. At this point, the refrigerant water flow rate is... m w9 When the integer is zero, the above equation simplifies to: m w3 =( m w5 - m w7 )+ m w8 + m w11 ;

[0227] When the cooling load of the intake air cooler is stable for a long period, the water storage unit is shut down, and the refrigerant water circulation pump operates smoothly with its outlet pressure consistently lower than the set overflow pressure and no refrigerant water overflow, the flow balance formula at node w4 of the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet simplifies to: m w3 = m w5 .

[0228] Based on the above flow balance relationship, a system energy balance is established. According to the monitoring and control unit's requirements for monitoring and regulating the system, and while meeting the temperature, pressure, and flow monitoring requirements of the medium at the defined parameter locations, the temperature, pressure, and flow monitoring instruments are simplified. The parameter acquisition methods for each location are as follows:

[0229] The liquid hydrogen inlet h1 of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube is used. The flow rate parameter is taken from the measurement value of hydrogen supply flow meter 208, the temperature parameter is taken from the measurement value of liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet thermometer 109, and the pressure parameter is taken from the measurement value of liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet pressure gauge 110.

[0230] The hydrogen outlet h2 of the hydrogen-liquid separation device is located. The flow rate parameter is taken from the mass flow rate measured by the hydrogen supply flow meter 208. The temperature parameter is taken from the measured value of the hydrogen supply thermometer 204. The pressure parameter is taken from the measured value of the hydrogen supply pressure gauge 205.

[0231] The air inlet a1 of the air cooler has a flow rate parameter taken from the gas turbine compressor inlet flow rate, and a temperature parameter taken from the temperature measured by thermometer 418 before the air cooler.

[0232] The air outlet a2 of the intake cooler has the flow rate parameter taken from the intake air flow rate of the gas turbine compressor, the temperature parameter taken from the measured value of thermometer 419 after the intake cooler, and the humidity parameter taken from the measured value of hygrometer 420 after the intake cooler.

[0233] The outlet w1 of the chilled water makeup flow meter has flow parameters taken from the measured value of chilled water makeup flow meter 604, and the temperature is taken from the supply water temperature of the closed cooling water device.

[0234] The flow rate parameter of the inlet of the chilled water heat exchanger tube is taken according to (Equation-4), and the temperature parameter is taken from the measurement value of the chilled water inlet thermometer 308.

[0235] The flow rate parameter of the chilled water heat exchanger tube outlet w3 is taken from the flow rate of the chilled water heat exchanger tube inlet w2, and the temperature parameter is taken from the measured value of the chilled water outlet thermometer 309.

[0236] The flow rate parameter of the chilled water circulation pump outlet w4 is taken according to (Equation-5), and the temperature parameter is taken from the measured value of the chilled water outlet thermometer 309.

[0237] The flow rate parameter of the refrigerant water inlet of the air cooler is taken from the measurement value of the air cooler return water flow meter 413, and the temperature parameter is taken from the measurement value of the air cooler inlet water temperature meter 408.

[0238] The refrigerant water outlet of the air cooler is w6. The flow rate parameter is taken from the measurement value of the air cooler return water flow meter 413, and the temperature parameter is taken from the measurement value of the air cooler return water temperature meter 410.

[0239] The flow rate parameter of the chilled water supply pump outlet w7 is taken by subtracting the measured value of the chilled water supply flow meter 407 from the measured value of the air cooler return water flow meter 413. The temperature parameter is taken by the measured value of the chilled water supply pump outlet thermometer 506.

[0240] The refrigerant water flow meter W8 uses the flow rate parameter measured by the refrigerant water flow meter 503, and the temperature parameter uses the temperature measured by the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet thermometer 402.

[0241] The refrigerant water flow meter outlet is w9, and the flow rate parameter is taken from the measurement value of the refrigerant water flow meter 605. The temperature parameter is taken from the measurement value of the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet thermometer 402.

[0242] The outlet of the cooling water flow meter is w10, and the flow rate parameter is taken from the measurement value of the cooling water flow meter 608. The temperature parameter is taken from the measurement value of the outlet thermometer 402 of the chilled water circulation pump.

[0243] The outlet of the chilled water overflow flow meter is w11, and the flow rate parameter is taken from the measurement value of the chilled water overflow flow meter 421. The temperature parameter is taken from the measurement value of the chilled water circulation pump outlet thermometer 402.

[0244] Following the above methods and in conjunction with specific application examples, the device system provided in Example 1 was subjected to liquid hydrogen vaporization cold energy recovery and utilization, energy balance analysis, and cold energy recovery effect evaluation.

[0245] Table 1 shows a comparison of the performance parameters of a certain type of gas turbine generator set after it has no intake air cooling and after the intake air temperature is reduced by 10°C using the device system provided by this invention.

[0246] Table 1

[0247]

[0248] Table 1 shows that reducing the compressor inlet temperature can increase the inlet mass flow rate, pressure ratio, and power generation of the combined cycle unit under base load. The power generation can be increased by about 4.7-6.0%, and the effect of inlet cooling is more obvious when the atmospheric temperature is higher.

[0249] Taking a 250MW gas turbine combined cycle unit as an example, when hydrogen is blended at a volume fraction of 15%, the design hourly natural gas consumption of a single unit is 60,900 Nm³. 3 / h, the design hourly hydrogen consumption of a single unit is 10750 Nm³. 3 / h, corresponding to a hydrogen mass flow rate of 2.986 kg / s consumed by a single unit. In simplifying the energy balance analysis process, the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling energy recovery coefficient of liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 3 is assumed to be 1, and the heat exchange efficiency η of the inlet cooler 409 is... C Based on 98%, the main state point parameters of hydrogen, air, and water in the device system are shown in Table 2.

[0250] Table 2

[0251]

[0252] For the fuel system of a 250MW gas turbine combined cycle unit, when the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is vaporized from state 1 (temperature -250℃, pressure 10MPa) to state 2 (temperature 0℃, pressure 0.101325MPa), the vaporization cooling capacity is: 2.986×(3832.979-123.504)=11077kJ / s; when the chilled water in the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is cooled from state 2 (temperature 15℃) to state 1 (temperature 7℃) with a flow rate of 329.7kg / s, the cooling capacity obtained by the chilled water is: 329.7×4.2×(15-7)=11077kJ / s. At this point, ignoring the loss of liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery in the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is in energy balance.

[0253] For the intake cooler, when the intake flow rate is 613 kg / s, the gas-water heat exchange is 613 × 1 × (38 - 19.6) × 98% = 11077 kJ / s. At this time, the internal energy balance of the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling energy recovery and utilization device system is achieved, and the power generation rate of the combined cycle unit under base load can reach more than 6%, realizing the full recovery and utilization of the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling energy of the hydrogen gas turbine, effectively reducing the operating cost of the hydrogen gas turbine power plant, and having good social and economic benefits.

[0254] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device system for recovering and utilizing the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization, characterized in that, The device system includes a liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit, a hydrogen post-processing unit, a liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, an intake cooling unit, a water storage cooling unit, a circulating cooling water unit, and a monitoring and control unit. The liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit is connected to the hydrogen reprocessing unit and the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit respectively. The hydrogen reprocessing unit is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit. The liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is connected to the air intake cooling unit. The air intake cooling unit is independently connected to the water storage cooling unit and the circulating cooling water unit. The monitoring and control unit is used to collect and monitor the temperature, pressure, flow rate and valve position signals of the device system and remotely transmit them to the control system. The liquid hydrogen storage and supply unit includes a liquid hydrogen storage device and a liquid hydrogen reflux path, and the liquid hydrogen storage device is connected to the liquid hydrogen supply path; The hydrogen post-processing unit includes a hydrogen-liquid separation device, which is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit; the bottom of the hydrogen-liquid separation device is connected to the liquid hydrogen return flow path, and the top is connected to the hydrogen supply flow path. The hydrogen-liquid separation device is equipped with a level gauge to monitor the liquid hydrogen level after separation in real time and to set up a level over-limit alarm module. The hydrogen supply flow path includes a first safety relief device, a hydrogen supply quick-closing valve, a hydrogen supply flow control valve, a hydrogen supply flow meter, a hydrogen supply pressure reducing valve, a hydrogen supply outlet filter, a second safety relief device, and a hydrogen supply outlet isolation valve connected in sequence. The liquid hydrogen vaporization unit includes a liquid hydrogen vaporization device, wherein a condensation zone is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device and an evaporation zone is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity; The condensation zone is equipped with a liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube. The inlet of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchange tube is connected to the liquid hydrogen supply flow path, and the outlet is connected to the hydrogen-liquid separation device. An intermediate medium collection tank is provided between the condensation zone and the evaporation zone. An intermediate medium gas distribution pipe is provided at the top of the intermediate medium collection tank, and an intermediate medium liquid distribution pipe is provided at the bottom. The top end of the intermediate medium gas distribution pipe is provided with a liquid-blocking cover. The intermediate medium gas distribution pipe is uniformly provided with circular holes of 1-3 mm in diameter along the circumference. The bottom of the intermediate medium distribution pipe is equipped with an intermediate medium spray head; The evaporation zone is equipped with a refrigerant water heat exchange pipe, and the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant water heat exchange pipe are independently connected to the air intake cooling unit. The top of the casing of the liquid hydrogen vaporization device is equipped with a safety rupture disc.

2. The device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid hydrogen supply path includes a liquid hydrogen supply check valve, a liquid hydrogen supply pump, a liquid hydrogen supply quick-closing isolation valve, and a liquid hydrogen supply flow regulating valve connected in sequence.

3. The device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid hydrogen reflux path includes a liquid hydrogen reflux isolation valve, a liquid hydrogen reflux flow regulating valve, and a liquid hydrogen reflux check valve connected in sequence, wherein the liquid hydrogen reflux check valve is connected to the liquid hydrogen supply check valve.

4. The device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the liquid hydrogen storage device is equipped with a liquid hydrogen unloading isolation valve, and the top is equipped with a liquid hydrogen storage device safety rupture disc.

5. The device system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid hydrogen supply pump is also connected to a liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet overflow valve. When the liquid hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen supply pump exceeds the set value of the liquid hydrogen supply pump outlet overflow valve, part of the liquid hydrogen overflows back to the liquid hydrogen storage device.

6. The device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intake cooling unit includes an intake cooling refrigerant water supply path, an intake cooler, and an intake cooling refrigerant water return path connected in sequence.

7. The apparatus system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intake cooling refrigerant water supply path includes a refrigerant water circulation pump, a refrigerant water supply check valve, a refrigerant water supply isolation valve, and a refrigerant water supply flow meter connected in sequence. The refrigerant water supply isolation valve is also connected to a cold water storage isolation valve.

8. The apparatus system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The refrigerant water circulation pump is also connected to a refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve. When the pressure of the refrigerant water circulation pump exceeds the set value of the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve, part of the refrigerant water overflows to the water storage unit and / or the circulating cooling water unit.

9. The apparatus system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The refrigerant water circulation pump is also connected to a refrigerant water diversion isolation valve.

10. The apparatus system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chilled water circulation pump is connected to the outlet of the chilled water heat exchange pipe.

11. The apparatus system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chilled water supply flow meter is also connected to a chilled water supply isolation valve.

12. The apparatus system according to claim 6, characterized in that, An intake filter is installed in the upstream airflow direction of the intake cooler.

13. The apparatus system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intake cooling refrigerant water return path includes an intake cooler return water flow regulating valve, an intake cooler return water isolation valve, and an intake cooler return water flow meter connected in sequence.

14. The apparatus system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intake cooling refrigerant water return flow path is also equipped with a refrigerant water drain isolation valve.

15. The apparatus system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The cold water supply isolation valve, the cold water storage isolation valve, and the outlet overflow valve of the chilled water circulation pump are respectively connected to the water cold storage unit.

16. The apparatus system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve, refrigerant water diversion isolation valve, and refrigerant water drain isolation valve are respectively connected to the circulating cooling water unit.

17. The apparatus system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-cooled storage unit includes a water-cooled storage distribution path, a water-cooled storage device, and a water-cooled storage supply path connected in sequence.

18. The apparatus system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The cold water flow path includes a cold water flow regulating valve and a cold water flow meter connected in sequence, and the cold water flow regulating valve is connected to the cold water storage isolation valve.

19. The apparatus system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The cold water supply path includes a cold water supply pump, a cold water supply check valve, and a cold water supply flow regulating valve connected in sequence. The cold water supply flow regulating valve is connected to the cold water supply isolation valve.

20. The apparatus system according to claim 19, characterized in that, The chilled water supply pump is also connected to a chilled water supply pump outlet overflow valve. When the supply pressure of the chilled water exceeds the set value of the chilled water supply pump outlet overflow valve, some of the chilled water overflows back into the chilled water storage device.

21. The apparatus system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The water-based cold storage device is also connected to a first overflow isolation valve for chilled water, which is connected to the overflow valve at the outlet of the chilled water circulation pump.

22. The apparatus system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating cooling water unit includes a closed-loop cooling water device, which is independently connected to the refrigerant water supply and makeup water path, the refrigerant water distribution path, the refrigerant water overflow return water path, and the cooling water circulation pump. The cooling water circulation pump is connected to the turbine condenser.

23. The apparatus system according to claim 22, characterized in that, The chilled water supply and makeup water path includes a chilled water makeup water flow regulating valve and a chilled water makeup water flow meter connected in sequence, and the chilled water makeup water flow meter is connected to a chilled water drain isolation valve.

24. The apparatus system according to claim 22, characterized in that, The refrigerant water flow path includes a refrigerant water flow meter and a refrigerant water flow regulating valve connected in sequence. The refrigerant water flow meter is connected to the refrigerant water flow isolation valve. A branch path is led out upstream of the refrigerant water flow regulating valve. The branch path includes a cooling water flow regulating valve and a cooling water flow meter connected in sequence. The cooling water flow meter is connected to the cooling water circulation pump.

25. The apparatus system according to claim 22, characterized in that, The refrigerant water overflow return flow path is equipped with a second refrigerant water overflow isolation valve, which is used to switch the overflow refrigerant water flowing back from the outlet of the refrigerant water circulation pump outlet overflow valve to the closed cooling water device.

26. A method for recovering and utilizing the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen vaporization using the apparatus system described in any one of claims 1-25, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the different hydrogen addition ratios of the gas turbine generator set, the constituent units of the device system are operated in different combinations.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The operation is configured with conditions for triggering and releasing the intake cooling shutdown.

28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, When the inlet cooling shutdown trigger condition is met, the inlet cooling unit and the water storage unit are shut down, and all the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovered by the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is absorbed by the circulating cooling water unit.

29. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, The intake cooling shutdown trigger condition is: T a1 ≤2℃ and T a2 -T c <2℃; where T a1 T represents the inlet air temperature of the intake air cooler. a2 T represents the outlet air temperature of the intake cooler. c This represents the total temperature at the inlet section of the compressor's air inlet chamber.

30. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, Once the conditions for resolving the air intake cooling shutdown are met, the air intake cooling unit and the water storage cooling unit are restarted, and all components of the device system are in a standby state.

31. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that, The condition for releasing the intake cooling shutdown is: T a1 >2℃ or T a2 -T c >2℃.

32. A method for energy balance analysis and cold energy recovery effect evaluation using the device system according to any one of claims 1-25, characterized in that, The method includes: The effectiveness of the intake air cooler in recovering the cooling capacity of liquid hydrogen vaporization is evaluated by the intake air cooling capacity recovery efficiency. The efficiency of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer is evaluated by the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit. The heat exchange efficiency of the intake air cooler is evaluated by the heat exchange effect of the intake air cooler and the degree of equipment technical perfection. The energy balance of the device system is established based on the water flow balance relationship of the device system.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the intake air cooling capacity recovery efficiency is: in: η A —Intake air cooling recovery efficiency, % c a —Specific heat capacity of air, kJ / (kg·K); m a2 —Air volume at the intake cooler outlet per unit time, kg / s; T a1 —Inlet air temperature of the intake cooler, K; T a2 —Intake cooler outlet air temperature, K; m h2 — Hydrogen production per unit time of liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, kg / s; h h2 —The enthalpy of hydrogen at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen-liquid separation unit, kJ / kg; h h1 —The mass enthalpy of liquid hydrogen at the liquid hydrogen inlet of the liquid hydrogen vaporization heat exchanger tube, kJ / kg.

34. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling capacity recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit is as follows: in: η B —Liquid hydrogen vaporization cooling energy recovery coefficient of the liquid hydrogen vaporization unit, % c w —Specific heat capacity of refrigerant water, kJ / (kg·K); m w3 —Flow rate of chilled water at the outlet of the heat exchanger tube per unit time (kg / s); T w3 —The outlet water temperature of the chilled water heat exchanger tube, in K; T w2 —Inlet water temperature of the chilled water heat exchanger tube, K.

35. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the heat exchange efficiency of the intake air cooler is: in: η C —Intake air cooler heat exchange efficiency, % m w6 —Flow rate of refrigerant water at the outlet of the intake air cooler per unit time, kg / s; T w6 —Intake cooler refrigerant water outlet temperature, K; T w5 —Inlet water temperature of the air intake cooler, K.

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