An agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide compounding, and relates to an agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino-oligosaccharides. The present invention provides an agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino-oligosaccharides, wherein the active ingredients include a fungicide and a synergist; the fungicide is kasugamycin and amino-oligosaccharides, and the synergist is an artemisia extract and calcium chloride. Within a certain ratio range, the composition performs well in preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases, and is superior to the single dosage of each component. Further experiments of the present invention have found that the introduction of the synergist further improves the prevention and control effect of the composition, and can effectively reduce the impact of the use of fungicides on crop rotation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide compounding and relates to an agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides. Background Art

[0002] Kasugamycin is produced by Streptomyces kasuga and is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, an antibiotic produced by actinomycetes. Kasugamycin binds to the 30s small subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interferes with the esterase system of amino acid metabolism of the pathogen, destroys protein biosynthesis, inhibits the growth of hyphae and causes cell granulation, makes the pathogen lose its ability to reproduce and infect, kills the pathogen and prevents diseases. Kasugamycin also exhibits a similar mechanism of action on plant pathogenic fungi, which shows that kasugamycin has strong biological activity against both bacteria and plant pathogenic fungi. The fungal diseases controlled by kasugamycin include rice blast on rice, and bacterial diseases on cucumber. 、 Bacterial angular spot of watermelon and ornamental chrysanthemum, canker of citrus and citrus trees, bacterial leaf spot of coffee trees.

[0003] Aminoligosaccharides, also known as agricultural chitosan oligosaccharides, are a kind of marine biological pesticide, plant immune inducer, and broad-spectrum anti-disease fungicide extracted by microbial fermentation, which is widely used in agriculture. Aminoligosaccharides can be used to effectively prevent and control a variety of bacterial and fungal diseases on crops, and are also often used to prevent and control viral diseases and nematodes. However, the way aminooligosaccharides prevent and control diseases is not to kill pathogenic bacteria directly, but to activate the immune system in the crop body, enhance the crop's own resistance to stress and pests, generate resistance substances (such as phenolic compounds, chitinase, glucanase, phytoalexin, protein, etc.), dissolve the cell wall of pathogens and interfere with viral RNA synthesis, and strongly inhibit the invasion and spread of pathogens, thereby achieving the effect of disease prevention and treatment.

[0004] Mixing different types of pesticides is a common method to enhance crop resistance and improve crop quality. By screening pesticide formulas and selecting reasonable formulas, the actual effect can be effectively improved, crop growth and development and quality improvement can be promoted, the amount of medicine used can be reduced, and costs can be reduced. In the current agricultural farming process, the large-scale abuse of pesticides and fertilizers has caused damage to the soil environment and limited the increase in yields. Continuous cropping is a common method in the current crop cultivation process, but continuous cropping will lead to a decrease in soil microbial diversity, richness and uniformity index. Coupled with the damage to the planting environment caused by the large-scale abuse of pesticides and fertilizers, it not only affects the yield of the current crop, but also has a profound impact on the yield of the next crop. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides, which has excellent effects in preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases and eliminating the influence of pesticides on the yield of rotation crops.

[0006] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides an agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides, wherein the active ingredients include a fungicide and a synergist; the fungicide is kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides, and the synergist is basil extract and calcium chloride.

[0007] It is easy for a person skilled in the art to know that in order to improve the efficacy of agricultural compositions and avoid the occurrence of drug resistance, multiple pesticides are often used in combination or in combination. However, due to the unknown components and internal mechanisms, it is difficult to predict whether the control effect of multiple pesticides used in combination or in combination is synergistic. After in-depth experimental research, the inventors found that the agricultural composition of the present invention has excellent control effects on plant fungal diseases, and is better than the use effect of a single agent, according to the comprehensive effect evaluation shown in field tests.

[0008] Furthermore, in the agricultural composition provided by the present invention, 1 to 10 parts of kasugamycin, 1 to 15 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 1 to 20 parts of basil extract and 5 to 15 parts of calcium chloride are contained in parts by mass.

[0009] Furthermore, in the agricultural composition provided by the present invention, an aqueous solution is prepared, which is composed, by weight, of 1 to 10 parts of kasugamycin, 1 to 15 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 1 to 20 parts of basil extract, 5 to 15 parts of calcium chloride, 3 to 15 parts of auxiliary agents, and 100 parts of water.

[0010] Furthermore, in the agricultural composition provided by the present invention, the adjuvants are calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium methyl coconut oil acyl taurate.

[0011] Furthermore, in the agricultural composition provided by the present invention, the ratio of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to sodium methyl cocoyl taurate is 1:2-4 by mass ratio.

[0012] According to the actual application needs, the composition of the present invention can be prepared into one of the dosage forms such as water, water emulsion, microemulsion, wettable powder, water dispersible granules, etc. according to the methods known to those skilled in the art. The functional composition also contains the auxiliary agent required for preparing the pesticide preparation, and the auxiliary agent can be one or a mixture of water, emulsifier, wetting agent, stabilizer, dispersant, thickener, pH regulator, defoamer, antifreeze agent, filler, etc. The auxiliary agents described in the present invention can all be known substances, such as various auxiliary agents commonly used in pesticide preparations, and can be changed according to different situations.

[0013] The application method can be spraying, root irrigation, root soaking, seed soaking, pouring, swinging, broadcasting, furrow application, hole application, etc. Spraying treatment is preferred for preventing and controlling fungal diseases, and the preferred formulation for preventing and controlling fungal diseases is an aqueous solution.

[0014] The composition of the present invention is mainly used for preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases, and the fungal diseases are preferably tomato gray mold or rice blast.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:

[0016] The present invention provides an agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides, wherein the active ingredients include a fungicide and a synergist; the fungicide is kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides, and the synergist is an artemisia extract and calcium chloride. Within a certain ratio range, the composition performs well in preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases, and is superior to the single dosage of each component. Further experiments of the present invention have found that the introduction of the synergist further improves the prevention and control effect of the composition, and can effectively reduce the impact of the use of fungicides on crop rotation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with embodiments; however, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0018] Example

[0019] This embodiment provides a field trial of using an agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides for the prevention and treatment of tomato gray mold.

[0020] Test agents: Kasugamycin (purchased from Hubei Dibai Chemical Co., Ltd.), amino oligosaccharides (Hubei Maoerwo Biopharmaceuticals), basil extract and calcium chloride. Basil extract is a 10:1 mass ratio water extract of the stems and leaves of the plant basil Chrysanthemum coronarium L. var. spatiosurn B., purchased from Lanzhou Waters Biological Company.

[0021] The experimental site was a greenhouse in Weinan City, Shaanxi Province. The experimental crop was tomato, and the control target was tomato gray mold. Only a small amount of chemical fertilizer was applied during the growth of tomatoes, and no other pesticides were used. There were no weeds growing in the experimental field. The experiment was carried out at the early stage of tomato gray mold. The water solution was prepared according to the designed dosage of each treatment shown in Table 1 for conventional spraying. Each experimental plot was a greenhouse, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The spraying was required to be evenly sprayed on both sides of the leaves, so that a layer of water film was formed on the surface of the leaves. The second spraying was carried out 7 days after the first spraying, and then the spraying was carried out every 7 days, for a total of 4 times. Soil samples were collected after the tomatoes matured. The sampling method adopted the random five-point sampling method, and the 0-30 cm tillage layer soil was taken. The culture of soil culturable microorganisms adopted the dilution plate method (reference: Lin Xiangui, 2010), and the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil was counted.

[0022] Table 1: Trial groups

[0023]

[0024] Before the first spraying, investigate the disease level of the leaves and keep records. Before each spraying, investigate the disease level after the last spraying, examine the safety of the pesticide on the experimental crops, and visually observe the effects of the pesticide on the growth and leaf color of the experimental crops. Calculate the disease index and actual control effect.

[0025] The disease classification standards are:

[0026] Level 1: No lesions on leaves;

[0027] Level 2: Sporadic small spots appear on the leaves;

[0028] Level 3: The lesion area accounts for 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the leaf area;

[0029] Level 4: The lesion area occupies 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the leaf area

[0030] Level 5: The lesion area occupies more than 1 / 2 of the leaf area or causes leaf fall.

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Table 2: Control effect of tomato gray mold

[0034]

[0035] As shown in Table 2, the aqueous solution prepared in test groups 1 to 5 of the present invention has excellent control effect on tomato gray mold, reaching 86.07-93.05% 7 days after the fourth application, which is higher than the group without adding synergist and the single-dose group.

[0036] Table 3: Number of culturable microorganisms

[0037]

[0038] As can be seen from Table 3, the aqueous solution prepared by the test groups 1 to 5 provided by the present invention can significantly increase the number of culturable bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the planting soil. On the other hand, the application of the comparison groups 1 to 3 will reduce the number of culturable bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil, affecting the subsequent crop rotation.

[0039] In order to further determine the stability of the preparation performance, comparison group 5 and comparison group 6 were prepared.

[0040] Comparative group 5: 5 parts of kasugamycin, 10 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 10 parts of Artemisia selengensis extract, 10 parts of calcium chloride, 8 parts of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 100 parts of water supplement;

[0041] Comparative group 6: 5 parts of kasugamycin, 10 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 10 parts of basil extract, 10 parts of calcium chloride, 8 parts of sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, and 100 parts of water.

[0042] Test method: Low temperature stability: refer to 2.1 "Emulsions and homogeneous liquid preparations" in GB / T19137-2003, and the precipitate does not exceed 0.3mL to pass; Hot storage stability: refer to 2.1 "Liquid preparations" in GB / T19136-2003, the decomposition rate of active ingredients after hot storage is ≤5%, and other indicators meet the requirements; Dilution stability: use a pipette to draw 5mL of the sample, place it in a 100ml measuring cylinder, add standard hard water to the scale, mix it, put it in a 30±2℃ water bath and let it stand for 1h. The diluted liquid is uniform and there is no precipitate to pass.

[0043] Table 4: Preparation properties

[0044]

[0045] As shown in Table 1, the aqueous solutions prepared by the test groups 1 to 5 of the present invention have excellent dilution stability, low temperature stability and heat storage stability. Compared with the comparative groups 5 and 6, the auxiliary agent combination of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate in the aqueous solution of the present invention plays a key role in the dilution stability, low temperature stability and heat storage stability of the aqueous solution.

[0046] As described above, the present invention can be well implemented. The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various changes and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural composition containing kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides, characterized in that: Active ingredients include fungicides and synergists; The bactericides are kasugamycin and amino oligosaccharides, and the synergists are artemisia annua extract and calcium chloride; In parts by mass, the ingredients include 1 to 10 parts of kasugamycin, 1 to 15 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 1 to 20 parts of basil extract and 5 to 15 parts of calcium chloride.

2. The agricultural composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The aqueous solution is prepared, and the composition is, by weight, 1-10 parts of kasugamycin, 1-15 parts of amino oligosaccharides, 1-20 parts of basil extract, 5-15 parts of calcium chloride, 3-15 parts of auxiliary agents, and 100 parts of water.

3. The agricultural composition according to claim 2, characterized in that The auxiliary agents are calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate.

4. The agricultural composition according to claim 3, characterized in that Calculated by mass ratio, the ratio of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to sodium methyl cocoyl taurate is 1:2-4.

5. Use of the agricultural composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fungal disease is tomato gray mold.

7. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fungal disease is rice blast.

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