A fairing lifting device and an assembly method

Abstract

The present invention provides a fairing sling, which includes a cross beam. A lifting unit is provided on the upper side of the cross beam, and two groups of hoisting units are symmetrically provided at the lower end of the cross beam; extension plates can be detachably installed on the fixed seats. One end of the connecting shaft different from the adapter projects out of the fixed seat, and a lock nut is screwed on the end projecting out of the fixed seat, and the fixing part is locked and fixed by the lock nut; an adjusting rod is installed at one end of the extension part away from the fixing part, and the distance between the clamping seat and the extension part is adjusted by an adjusting member on the adjusting rod; the clamping seat and the hoisting mechanism are arranged on the same side of the extension plate, and the clamping seat is rotatably installed on the adjusting rod; the clamping seat includes a seat body and a clamping part on the seat body, and an auxiliary adjusting member is installed on the seat body. In the present invention, the connecting arm can be adaptively adjusted in multiple directions relative to the fixed seat, and the coverage range of the hoisting mechanism is effectively expanded through the extension plate. The fairing half cover can always effectively maintain its own shape during the hoisting state to meet the requirements of the combined cover assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fairing assembly, and in particular relates to a fairing lifting tool and an assembly method. Background Art

[0002] The fairing is an important part of a launch vehicle, mainly used to protect satellites and other payloads from harmful conditions such as aerodynamic force, aerodynamic heating, and acoustic vibration. In the prior art, when assembling the two half fairings of a fairing, generally, a vertical lifting device is used to lift the half fairing. First, one half fairing is fixed to an assembly workbench, and then the other half fairing is lifted and aligned with the existing half fairing on the assembly workbench for connection and fixation. In the prior art, lifting lugs are usually welded on the surface of the fairing half, and then the fairing is lifted by hanging on the lifting lugs with a sling or a suspension rod. After the fairing is lifted, the lifting lugs need to be cut off. The welding and cutting processes are likely to cause damage to the surface of the fairing, and the high temperature during the welding and cutting processes is also likely to damage the fairing, affecting the mechanical properties of the fairing. The existing lifting tools for fairings cannot flexibly adjust the attitude of the fairing. After the fairing is lifted, the attitude of the fairing is mainly restricted by its own center of gravity and it is difficult to quickly align. At the same time, the fairing is relatively large, and a composite fairing formed by hot pressing prepreg is likely to be deformed during the lifting process, affecting the assembly of the combined fairing, making the fairing assembly process time-consuming and laborious, and also likely to cause assembly errors or structural component damage, bringing great difficulties to the fairing assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a fairing lifting tool and an assembly method.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0005] A fairing lifting tool includes a cross beam, a lifting unit is provided on the upper side of the cross beam, and two groups of lifting units are symmetrically provided at the lower end of the cross beam;

[0006] The lifting unit includes a lifting sling connected to the cross beam, and the lower end of the lifting sling is connected to a side beam through a universal lifting ring, and lifting mechanisms are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the side beam;

[0007] The lifting mechanism includes a fixed seat and a connecting shaft rotatably installed on the fixed seat. A connecting seat is installed at the front end of the connecting shaft. The connecting seat includes a connecting arm and a forward extending arm. The connecting arm is hinged to a swivel joint at the front end of the connecting shaft, and a locking member is provided on the forward extending arm;

[0008] An extension plate is detachably installed on each of the fixed seats. The extension plate includes a fixing part and an extending part. One end of the connecting shaft different from the adapter is extended out of the fixed seat, and a lock nut is screwed on the end extended out of the fixed seat. The fixing part is locked and fixed by the lock nut.

[0009] The adapter is in a U shape or a C shape. The connecting arm is inserted into the slot in the middle of the adapter and is hinged through a rotating shaft passing through the adapter and the connecting arm. The axial direction of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axial direction of the connecting shaft.

[0010] An adjusting rod is installed at one end of the extending part away from the fixing part. One end of the adjusting rod is installed on the extending part, and the other end is installed with a clamping seat. The distance between the clamping seat and the extending part is adjusted by an adjusting member on the adjusting rod. The clamping seat and the hoisting mechanism are arranged on the same side of the extension plate, and the clamping seat is rotatably installed on the adjusting rod.

[0011] The clamping seat includes a seat body and a clamping part on the seat body. A clamping working surface is provided on one side of the clamping part facing the extension plate. An auxiliary adjusting member is installed on the seat body. The working end of the auxiliary adjusting member extends from the side of the seat body to the side of the clamping part, and the working end of the auxiliary adjusting member is between the clamping working surface and the outer end surface of the seat body.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of universal sling connection holes at different positions are provided on the side beam.

[0013] Furthermore, the hoisting unit includes a sling, and a hoisting sling is connected between the sling and the cross beam.

[0014] Furthermore, a gasket is provided between the nut and the fixed seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixed seat is integrally in an L shape and includes a side beam connecting plate and a seat plate. The connecting shaft is rotatably installed on the seat plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the auxiliary adjusting member includes an operating rod, and the operating rod is screwed on the seat body, and an end cap is provided at the end of the operating rod exposed outside the seat body.

[0017] Furthermore, the end cap is in an external hexagon structure or is provided with an internal hexagon structure.

[0018] Furthermore, an auxiliary adjusting member installation hole and an adjusting rod installation hole are provided on the seat body, and the axial direction of the auxiliary adjusting member installation hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjusting rod installation hole.

[0019] A fairing assembly method includes the following steps:

[0020] Insert the connecting seat into the explosive bolt box of the fairing, and fix the front extension arm of the connecting seat and the explosive bolt box by a locking member.

[0021] Adjust the position of the clamping seat with the adjusting rod so that the edge of the half fairing abuts against the clamping working surface of the clamping part to maintain the structural stability of the fairing in the circumferential direction;

[0022] At the same time, adjust the auxiliary adjusting part to ensure the structural stability of the fairing in the radial position, and then lift the fairing;

[0023] Manually assist in adjusting the attitude of the fairing so that the connecting arm can be adaptively adjusted in two directions of X and Y relative to the fixed seat, and then quickly meet the assembly requirements, and then connect with the half fairing on the other side.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] The lifting tool provided by the present invention has a reasonable structural design. The connecting arm can be adaptively adjusted in multiple directions relative to the fixed seat, making it very easy to adjust during the fairing closing assembly, with efficient assembly operation, saving time and effort. And the coverage range of the lifting mechanism is effectively expanded through the extension plate. The half fairing can always effectively maintain its own shape in the lifting state to meet the requirements of the closing assembly, laying a foundation for simplifying the adjustment operation during the closing process and improving the accuracy of the assembly. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the fairing shape maintaining component part of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the clamping seat part of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the clamping seat part in

[0031] Figure 5 after removing the auxiliary adjusting part;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention after removing the fairing shape maintaining component;

[0033] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism part in

[0034] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the hoisting mechanism part in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection part between the connecting arm and the explosion bolt box in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 is Figure 9 a schematic diagram when the explosion bolt box in Detailed implementation manners

[0037] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0040] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0041] A fairing hoist, as Figures 1 to 10 shown, includes a cross beam 1, a hoisting unit is provided on the upper side of the cross beam, and two groups of hoisting units are symmetrically provided at the lower end of the cross beam; the hoisting unit includes a hoisting sling 2 connected to the cross beam, and the lower end of the hoisting sling is connected to a side beam 4 through a universal lifting ring 3, and hoisting mechanisms 5 are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the side beam.

[0042] The hoisting mechanism includes a fixed seat 6 and a connecting shaft 7 rotatably mounted on the fixed seat. A connecting seat 8 is installed at the front end of the connecting shaft. The connecting seat includes a connecting arm 9 and a forward extending arm 10. The connecting arm is hinged to a swivel joint 11 at the front end of the connecting shaft. A locking member 12 is provided on the forward extending arm. Preferably, locking members are provided on both the upper and lower side walls of the forward extending arm. As an example, the locking member includes a positioning pin. Specifically, the locking member can be a spring pin. By popping up or inserting and pulling out the positioning pin, the cooperation between the fairing and the explosive bolt box can be achieved, and then the sling is fixed to and separated from the fairing.

[0043] The following provides a method for assembling a fairing, including the following steps:

[0044] Insert the connecting seat into the explosive bolt box of the fairing, and fix the forward extending arm of the connecting seat to the explosive bolt box by the locking member;

[0045] Use an adjusting rod to adjust the position of the clamping seat so that the edge of the half fairing abuts against the clamping working surface of the clamping part to maintain the structural stability of the fairing in the circumferential direction;

[0046] At the same time, adjust the auxiliary adjusting member to ensure the structural stability of the fairing in the radial position, and then lift the fairing;

[0047] Manually assist in adjusting the attitude of the fairing so that the connecting arm can be adaptively adjusted in two directions, X and Y, relative to the fixed seat. With the lifting and lowering action of the hoisting equipment for lifting the fairing, Z-direction adjustment can be achieved. Rotation can be realized between the connecting shaft of the hoisting mechanism and the fixed seat, between the connecting shaft and the connecting seat, and between the universal lifting ring and the side beam. Such a structural design can facilitate the rapid adjustment of the attitude during the hoisting of the fairing to meet the assembly requirements, and the connection operation with the other half fairing is simpler and the construction efficiency is higher.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, the above-mentioned forward extending arm is a hollow structure, and operation holes 37 communicating with the internal cavity are provided on both its left and right side walls. Preferably, the operation holes correspond to the locking members. The designed operation holes can be used as observation holes, or when needed, hands can be inserted into the operation holes to facilitate the operation of the locking members. At the same time, it also has a certain beneficial effect on reducing the weight of the sling.

[0049] A fairing shape retention component can be detachably installed on each fixed seat. The fairing shape retention component includes an extension plate 13, which includes a fixing portion 14 and an extension portion 15. The end of the connecting shaft different from the adapter projects out of the fixed seat, and a lock nut 16 is screwed on the end projecting out of the fixed seat. The fixing portion is locked and fixed by the lock nut, and a gasket 35 is provided between the nut and the fixed seat. When hoisting the fairing product, the position of the lock nut can be screwed and adjusted as needed, so as to adjust the length of the connecting shaft (i.e., the distance between the side beam and the fairing), and ensure that there is no interference between the lifting tool and the fairing product (during the attitude adjustment and assembly process of the fairing).

[0050] The adapter is in a U shape or a C shape. The connecting arm is inserted into the slot in the middle of the adapter and is hinged through a rotating shaft 17 passing through the adapter and the connecting arm; the axial direction of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axial direction of the connecting shaft. Based on such a structural design, the connecting arm can be adaptively adjusted in two directions of X and Y relative to the fixed seat. In addition, the fairing can be manually pushed to make a certain displacement adjustment, so that the lifting sling can be adaptively adjusted in the Z direction (relative to the fixed seat). Therefore, during the lifting operation of this lifting tool, whether it is the process of lifting and moving the fairing and adjusting its attitude, or the process of adaptively adjusting during product assembly in the lifting state, it has good flexibility while ensuring stability.

[0051] An adjusting rod 18 is installed at one end of the extension portion away from the fixing portion. One end of the adjusting rod is installed on the extension portion, and the other end is installed with a clamping seat 19. The distance between the clamping seat and the extension portion is adjusted by an adjusting member 20 on the adjusting rod; the clamping seat and the hoisting mechanism are arranged on the same side of the extension plate. The clamping seat is rotatably installed on the adjusting rod. The clamping seat includes a seat body 21 and a clamping portion 22 on the seat body. A clamping working surface 23 is provided on the side of the clamping portion facing the extension plate. An auxiliary adjusting member 24 is installed on the seat body. The working end of the auxiliary adjusting member extends from the side of the seat body to the side of the clamping portion, and the working end 25 of the auxiliary adjusting member is between the clamping working surface and the outer end surface of the seat body (the end surface of the seat body facing the extension plate).

[0052] Since the larger the size of the fairing product, the greater the cumulative deformation generated during hoisting operations. In the prior art, when assembling large-size fairing products, it is necessary to continuously adjust the shape of the fairing during the assembly process to meet the assembly requirements. When using this lifting tool to hoist the fairing, the shape of the fairing can be maintained to meet the requirements of closed fairing assembly by screwing the auxiliary adjusting member so that the working end of the auxiliary adjusting member abuts against the surface of the fairing, avoiding the assembly difficulties caused by the deformation of the fairing, and there is no need to frequently adjust the shape of the fairing during the assembly process, improving the assembly efficiency and the accuracy of assembly.

[0053] The above-mentioned auxiliary adjustment part includes an operating rod 31 which is provided with an external thread structure and is screwed onto the seat body. One end of the operating rod exposed outside the seat body is provided with an end cap 32. The seat body is provided with an auxiliary adjustment part mounting hole 33 and an adjustment rod mounting hole 34, and the axial direction of the auxiliary adjustment part mounting hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the adjustment rod mounting hole. The end of the operating rod different from the end cap is used as the working end to abut against the fairing, so as to ensure that the shape of the fairing can always meet the requirements of the closed fairing assembly during hoisting. As an example, the above-mentioned end cap is of an external hexagon structure or is provided with an internal hexagon structure.

[0054] The coverage range of the hoisting mechanism is effectively expanded through the extension plate, compensating for the problem of easy deformation of the fairing caused by the insufficient length of the side beam during the hoisting of large-sized fairings. The length of the extension plate can be designed according to the size of the fairing. In specific applications, the extension plates (and the adjustment rods and clamping seats) can be installed at both ends of the side beam respectively, or the extension plates (and the adjustment rods and clamping seats) can be installed only at one end of the side beam as required. The selectivity is flexible, and the extension plates (together with the adjustment rods and clamping seats) can be removed when not needed. During use, the position of the clamping seat is adjusted by the adjustment rod so that the edge of the semi-fairing abuts against the clamping working surface of the clamping part, ensuring the structural stability of the fairing in the circumferential direction. At the same time, the auxiliary adjustment part is adjusted to make the fairing structurally stable in the radial position, ensuring that the docking structure of the fairing can always meet the requirements of the closed fairing assembly.

[0055] Generally, several universal sling connection holes 26 are provided at different positions on the side beam. The above-mentioned lifting unit includes a sling 28, and a lifting sling 27 is connected between the sling and the cross beam. The designed multiple universal sling connection holes facilitate the selection and assembly of the universal sling into the appropriate holes as required, which is beneficial to adjusting the rotation center of the lifting tool to the centroid position of the semi-fairing of the fairing, and the operation is convenient and efficient. Generally, the above-mentioned lifting sling is symmetrically arranged in an eight-shaped manner on both sides of the sling. As an example, the lifting sling can be a single sling, and the sling is arranged in the middle of the sling. Of course, the lifting sling can also be two slings, with one sling provided on each side of the sling, ensuring that the cross beam is always in a stable state during the hoisting operation.

[0056] The above-mentioned fixed seat is integrally L-shaped and includes a side beam connecting plate 29 and a seat plate 30. The connecting shaft is rotatably installed on the seat plate. The connecting shaft is rotatably installed on the seat plate. Generally, a thickened structure is provided on the seat plate corresponding to the connecting shaft, that is, a thickened structure is provided at the hole through which the connecting shaft passes on the seat plate. The thickened structure can better bear the load transmitted by the connecting shaft, making the structure of the lifting tool more stable and the use reliability higher.

[0057] When using this sling to lift the fairing product, insert the connecting seat into the explosive bolt box of the fairing 36, and fix the front extension arm of the connecting seat to the explosive bolt box with the locking piece. When lifting this sling with a crane or the like, the fairing can be stably lifted by the sling. Specifically, the fairing can be placed in a horizontal state. After fixing the connecting seat of this sling to the corresponding explosive bolt box, lift this sling with the help of the lifting ring, and the fairing can be lifted horizontally. According to the assembly requirements, the inclination angle of the fairing can be manually adjusted arbitrarily.

[0058] As Figure 5 shown, when the bottom of the explosive bolt box is a closed structure, positioning pin holes can be opened on the side wall of the explosive bolt box 38, and one end of the positioning pin inserted into the positioning pin hole is inserted into the pin hole on the side wall of the connecting arm, thereby completing the fixation of the sling and the fairing; when the bottom of the explosive bolt box is in an open state, there is no need to open holes on the side wall of the explosive bolt box. Just insert the connecting arm into the explosive bolt box and make the pin hole on the connecting arm be in the part that extends out of the explosive bolt box, and then the positioning pin can be inserted to realize the fixation of the connecting arm and the explosive bolt. At this time, the connecting arm will not be separated from the explosive bolt box (fairing).

[0059] It should be noted that due to the low moving accuracy of the crane, the position of the fairing cannot be accurately adjusted, so the lifted fairing cannot be directly and accurately matched with the other half fairing. In the prior art, when the lifted fairing is pushed to the assembly position of the other fairing, there is a certain included angle between the two fairing petals, which causes difficulties in assembly. However, the sling structure provided by the present invention is reasonably designed, and the connecting arm can be adaptively adjusted in two directions of X and Y relative to the fixed seat. In addition, the fairing can be manually pushed to adjust a certain displacement amount, so that the lifting sling can be adaptively adjusted in the Z direction (relative to the fixed seat), making the fairing closing and assembly operation easier to complete, with higher efficiency, saving time and effort.

[0060] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fairing hoist, characterized in that: It includes a cross beam, with a lifting unit provided on the upper side of the cross beam, and two groups of hoisting units symmetrically provided at the lower end of the cross beam; The hoisting unit includes a hoisting sling connected to the cross beam. The lower end of the hoisting sling is connected with a side beam through a universal lifting ring, and hoisting mechanisms are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the side beam; The hoisting mechanism includes a fixed seat and a connecting shaft rotatably installed on the fixed seat. A connecting seat is installed at the front end of the connecting shaft. The connecting seat includes a connecting arm and a front extending arm. The connecting arm is hinged to a swivel joint at the front end of the connecting shaft, and a locking member is provided on the front extending arm; An extension plate is detachably installed on each fixed seat. The extension plate includes a fixing portion and an extending portion. The end of the connecting shaft different from the swivel joint extends out of the fixed seat, and a lock nut is screwed on the end extending out of the fixed seat. The fixing portion is locked and fixed by the lock nut; The connecting arm is inserted into a slot in the middle of the swivel joint, and the hinging is realized through a rotating shaft passing through the swivel joint and the connecting arm; the axial direction of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the connecting shaft; an adjusting rod is installed at one end of the extending portion away from the fixing portion. One end of the adjusting rod is installed on the extending portion, and the other end is installed with a clamping seat. The distance between the clamping seat and the extending portion is adjusted by an adjusting member on the adjusting rod; The clamping seat and the hoisting mechanism are arranged on the same side of the extension plate. The clamping seat is rotatably installed on the adjusting rod. The clamping seat includes a seat body and a clamping portion on the seat body. A clamping working surface is provided on one side of the clamping portion facing the extension plate. An auxiliary adjusting member is installed on the seat body, and the working end of the auxiliary adjusting member extends from the side of the seat body to the side of the clamping portion; The auxiliary adjusting member includes an operating rod. The operating rod is provided with an external thread structure and is screwed on the seat body. A end cap is provided at the end of the operating rod exposed outside the seat body. An installation hole for the auxiliary adjusting member and an installation hole for the adjusting rod are provided on the seat body. The axial direction of the installation hole for the auxiliary adjusting member is perpendicular to the axial direction of the installation hole for the adjusting rod.

2. The fairing lifting device according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of universal lifting ring connection holes at different positions are provided on the side beam.

3. The fairing spreader according to claim 1, wherein: The lifting unit includes a lifting ring, and a lifting sling is connected between the lifting ring and the cross beam.

4. The fairing lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gasket is provided between the lock nut and the fixed seat.

5. The fairing lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed seat is integrally L-shaped, including a side beam connecting plate and a seat plate, and the connecting shaft is rotatably installed on the seat plate.

6. The fairing spreader according to claim 1, wherein: The auxiliary adjusting member includes an operating rod, and the operating rod is screwed on the seat body, and a end cap is provided at the end of the operating rod exposed outside the seat body.

7. The fairing spreader according to claim 6, wherein: The end cap is of an external hexagonal structure or is provided with an internal hexagonal structure.

8. A fairing assembly method using the sling according to claim 1, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Insert the connecting seat into the explosive bolt box of the fairing, and fix the front extending arm of the connecting seat to the explosive bolt box by the locking member; Adjust the position of the clamping seat with the adjusting rod so that the edge of the semi-fairing abuts against the clamping working surface of the clamping portion to keep the circumferential structure of the fairing stable; At the same time, adjust the auxiliary adjusting member to ensure the structural stability of the fairing in the radial position, and then lift the fairing; Manually assist in adjusting the attitude of the fairing, so that the connecting arm can be adaptively adjusted in two directions of X and Y relative to the fixed seat, and then quickly meet the assembly requirements, and then connect with the other semi-fairing.

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