A shield tunnel segment floating control device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a shield tunnel segment floating control device and method, which is characterized in that a first slurry channel extending to the outer peripheral wall is formed on the inner end wall of the anchor rod accommodating cavity, a second slurry channel axially penetrating the front and back end faces of the countersunk bolt is formed on the countersunk bolt, and a locking structure is arranged in the accommodating cavity to lock the countersunk bolt in the accommodating cavity and make the first slurry channel and the second slurry channel communicate. When the anchor rod is extruded into the stratum through the through hole of the segment, the slurry can be injected into the second slurry channel inside the tunnel, the slurry flows through the second slurry channel and the first slurry channel, enters the stratum and diffuses, and the anchor rod is combined with the stratum in the region to become an integrated whole after the slurry solidifies, so that the anchor rod is provided with tensile resistance. Then, the threaded connection structure is screwed into the countersunk bolt by a predetermined distance inside the tunnel and is directly or through an intermediate piece pushed against the segment, so that the segment is pushed to move downward together to control the segment floating, and the whole construction process can be carried out in the construction period or the operation period, so that the construction cost and the construction space are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and specifically relates to a shield tunnel segment floating control device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Shield tunnels often experience uplift during the construction and operation phases. Uplift during the construction phase is due to the effects of construction loads and soil and water loads, while uplift during the operation phase is usually caused by excavation above (such as foundation pit excavation or new tunnel excavation) that leads to unloading and rebound of the overlying soil.

[0003] Generally, shield tunnels are discontinuous structures composed of segments and bolts, with numerous joints in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions. Excessive uplift of a shield tunnel can lead to opening and misalignment at these joints, potentially causing water leakage and structural damage. Existing measures for controlling shield tunnel uplift typically involve anti-buoyancy plates and anti-uplift piles. The usual approach is to install these plates and piles in selected areas before construction, primarily for areas with challenging geological conditions. However, these measures are ineffective for situations where uplift has already occurred. Furthermore, this method requires the pre-construction of a large number of piles, significantly increasing construction costs and space requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a shield tunnel segment floating control device and method, which aims to control the floating of tunnel segments that have already floated during the construction or operation period.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a shield tunnel segment floating control device, comprising:

[0006] An anchor bolt, wherein the anchor bolt has an axial receiving cavity with a rear end opening defined inside, and a first grout channel extending forward to the outer peripheral wall of the anchor bolt is formed at the inner end wall of the receiving cavity; the anchor bolt can be used to be integrally squeezed into the formation through tunnel segments.

[0007] A countersunk bolt is inserted into the receiving cavity. The front end of the countersunk bolt is formed with a second grout channel extending to the rear end, and the second grout channel is used to communicate with the first grout channel.

[0008] A locking mechanism, disposed within the receiving cavity, is used to lock the countersunk bolt within the receiving cavity; and

[0009] The threaded connection structure can be screwed onto countersunk bolts and can directly or through an intermediate component abut against tunnel segments.

[0010] This invention also proposes a method for controlling the floating of tunnel segments, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. The countersunk bolts are locked in the receiving cavity by the locking mechanism, and the anchor rods are squeezed into the strata from inside the tunnel through the segments in the area to be controlled for upward movement.

[0012] S2. Drive the anchor bolt to rotate and allow the grout to flow into the formation through the second grout channel and the first grout channel until the grouting is completed;

[0013] S3. After the grout has solidified and bonded the anchor bolt to the stratum in the area, the threaded connection structure is screwed into the countersunk bolt a predetermined distance and pushed against the segment directly or through the intermediate part.

[0014] The technical solution of this invention features a first grout channel extending forward to its outer peripheral wall within the inner end wall of the anchor bolt receiving cavity, and a second grout channel axially penetrating the front and rear end faces of the countersunk bolt. A locking structure is also provided within the receiving cavity to lock the countersunk bolt in place and connect the first and second grout channels. After the anchor bolt is integrally squeezed into the stratum through the through-hole of the tunnel segment, grout can be injected into the second grout channel inside the tunnel. The grout flows through the second and first grout channels, enters the stratum, and diffuses. After the grout solidifies, it bonds the anchor bolt to the stratum in that area, providing tensile strength to the anchor bolt. Subsequently, inside the tunnel, a threaded connection structure is screwed along the countersunk bolt a predetermined distance and directly or via an intermediate component pushes against the tunnel segment, thereby pushing the segment downwards to control its upward movement. The entire construction process can be carried out during the construction or operation phase, significantly reducing construction costs and space requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the shield tunnel segment floating control device and the tunnel (before the extension section is removed);

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a transverse cross-sectional view of the shield tunnel segment floating control device and the tunnel (before the extension section is removed);

[0018] Figure 4 An exploded view of the anchor bolt, locking structure, countersunk bolt, threaded connection structure, and extension section;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged view of part B;

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A sectional view along the CC direction;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a transverse sectional view of the front section of the anchor bolt;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the front section of the anchor bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inside, outside, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0025] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0026] This invention proposes a shield tunnel segment floating control device.

[0027] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 8As shown, the shield tunnel segment floating control device includes an anchor bolt 1, a countersunk bolt 2, a locking structure, and a threaded connection structure 3. The anchor bolt 1 internally defines an axially oriented receiving cavity 10 with a rear-end opening (the rear end refers to the end of the anchor bolt 1 facing the tunnel interior after construction). A first grout channel 101 is formed on the inner axial end wall of the receiving cavity 10, extending forward (here, forward can refer to a straight axial movement, an inclined forward movement, or a curved forward movement, etc.) to the outer peripheral wall of the anchor bolt 1. The anchor bolt 1 can be used to be integrally inserted into the stratum through the tunnel segment 100. The countersunk bolt 2 is inserted into the receiving cavity 10, with its rear end located outside the receiving cavity 10 and extending into the tunnel through the segment 100. A second grout channel 20 is formed at the axial front end of the countersunk bolt 2, extending to the rear end (i.e., axially penetrating the countersunk bolt 2), and the second grout channel 20 is used to communicate with the first grout channel 101. The locking mechanism is located within the receiving cavity 10 and is used to lock the countersunk bolt 2 within the receiving cavity 10 to prevent the countersunk bolt 2 from moving relative to the anchor rod 1. The threaded connection structure 3 can be screwed onto the countersunk bolt 2 and can directly or through an intermediate component abut against the tunnel segment 100.

[0028] After the anchor bolt 1 is pre-formed by the tunnel segment 100 or integrally squeezed into the stratum through a through hole (not shown) drilled on site, grout can be injected into the second grout channel 20 inside the tunnel. The grout flows through the second grout channel 20 and the first grout channel 101 and enters the stratum to diffuse. After the grout solidifies, it can bond the anchor bolt 1 to the stratum in that area, providing tensile strength to the anchor bolt 1. Then, inside the tunnel, the threaded connection structure 3 is screwed along the countersunk bolt 2 a predetermined distance and pushed against the tunnel segment 100 directly or through an intermediate component, thereby pushing the tunnel segment 100 downward to control its upward movement. The entire construction process can be carried out during the construction or operation period, greatly reducing construction costs and construction space occupation.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the invention also includes a sealing structure 6, which is disposed at the through-hole (not shown) through which the anchor bolt 1 passes in the segment 100, and directly or in conjunction with a waterproof filler to seal the gap at the through-hole, thereby preventing groundwater around the tunnel from seeping into the tunnel through the gap during construction. In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sealing structure 6 includes a sleeve 61 that can be fitted onto the countersunk bolt 2 and extend into the through hole, and a pad 62 that extends radially outward from the rear end of the sleeve 61. The pad 62 can be fixed to the inner wall of the segment 100. Preferably, the pad 62 can be fixed to the inner wall of the segment 100 by a screw 63.

[0030] Understandably, the waterproof filler can be implemented in various ways. In some embodiments of the present invention, the waterproof filler can be a rubber ring or epoxy resin. When the waterproof filler is epoxy resin, the pad 62 is formed with an injection hole (not shown), through which epoxy resin can be injected into the gap. Specifically, the epoxy resin can be injected in one go, or it can be injected continuously or intermittently during construction (including but not limited to squeezing the anchor bolt 1 into the stratum and injecting grout into the stratum) according to the geological conditions, so as to ensure that groundwater around the tunnel cannot seep into the tunnel through the gap during construction.

[0031] Understandably, epoxy resin is a waterproof material that expands when it comes into contact with water and is pumpable. When epoxy resin injected into a gap comes into contact with groundwater, it expands and seals the gap, thus achieving the purpose of waterproofing.

[0032] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the threaded connection structure 3 can also be implemented in various ways, such as including a nut 31, or including a nut 31 and a washer 32, etc. Adding a washer 32 can increase the locking force of the nut 31.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes an expansion sleeve 4 that can expand by inner compression and an annular conical sleeve 5 that drives the expansion sleeve 4 to expand. The expansion sleeve 4 and the annular conical sleeve 5 are distributed front to back and fit around the countersunk bolt 2 near its head. The rear end of the expansion sleeve 4 is provided with a protruding locking block 40. The peripheral wall of the receiving cavity 10 is recessed with a locking platform 11 that cooperates with the locking block 40 at the position corresponding to the locking block 40. The inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 is also provided with an inwardly recessed positioning platform 41. The end of the annular conical sleeve 5 facing the expansion sleeve 4 is provided with a positioning part 51 that can be locked into the positioning platform 41. Pushing the annular conical sleeve 5 forward can insert the annular conical sleeve 5 into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 and make it expand radially, so as to drive the locking block 40 of the expansion sleeve 4 to lock into the locking platform 11. At the same time, the positioning part 51 of the annular conical sleeve 5 is also locked into the positioning platform 41 of the expansion sleeve 4, thereby fixing the anchor bolt 1, the expansion sleeve 4, the annular conical sleeve 5 and the countersunk bolt 2 relatively, thereby preventing the countersunk bolt 2 from moving relative to the anchor bolt 1 during construction.

[0034] Understandably, the countersunk bolt 2 is the same as the countersunk bolt 2 of a general expansion bolt. Its front end, that is, the end that goes into the receiving cavity 10, is a tapered head, and its rear end, that is, the part that remains outside the receiving cavity 10, is provided with external threads for screwing the threaded connection structure 3.

[0035] Furthermore, to improve the locking strength between the anchor bolt 1 and the countersunk bolt 2, the front end of the expansion sleeve 4 is also provided with an outwardly protruding locking block 40. Correspondingly, the peripheral wall of the receiving cavity 10 is also recessed with a locking platform 11 that cooperates with the locking block 40 at the front end. When the annular conical sleeve 5 is pushed forward, the annular conical sleeve 5 is inserted into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 and the locking block 40 at the front end is locked into the locking platform 11. At the same time, the expansion sleeve 4 will move forward slightly under the thrust of the annular conical sleeve 5. During the forward movement, the front end of the expansion sleeve 4 will expand radially under the compression of the conical head of the countersunk bolt 2, and the locking block 40 at the front end will also be locked into the corresponding locking platform 11, so as to better fix the anchor bolt 1, the expansion sleeve 4, the annular conical sleeve 5 and the countersunk bolt 2 together.

[0036] Understandably, the expansion sleeve 4 can be a one-piece structure, or it can be composed of two adjacent sections 4a and 4b (see...). Figure 4 ).

[0037] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, there are several circumferentially distributed cladding platforms 11 on both the front and back walls of the receiving cavity 10. For example... Figure 7 The four or more circumferentially distributed locking platforms 11 shown have a rectangular cross-sectional shape. The locking blocks 40 on the expansion sleeve 4 are rectangular blocks that are compatible with the locking platforms 11. This can prevent the countersunk bolt 2 from rotating relative to the anchor rod 1 and can also prevent the expansion sleeve 4 from coming out, thereby improving the locking strength. In addition, the inner wall of the receiving cavity 10 is provided with guide grooves 12 for limiting and guiding the locking blocks 40. Several guide grooves 12 are arranged circumferentially around the peripheral wall of the receiving cavity 10 and parallel to the sleeve axis. The locking platform 11 is set at the guide groove 12. When the countersunk bolt 2 is in the receiving cavity 10, the locking blocks 40 set on it are first inserted into the guide groove 12 and then moved along the guide groove 12. This can effectively prevent the countersunk bolt 2 from being misaligned during insertion and compression of the expansion sleeve 4, which would prevent the locking blocks 40 from being able to smoothly lock into the locking platform 11.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, the positioning recess 41 on the inner wall of the expansion sleeve 4 can be an annular groove arranged circumferentially, or several can be evenly opened circumferentially, such as four positioning recesses 41. In addition, in order to make it easier for the annular conical sleeve 5 to be inserted into the expansion sleeve 4, the end of the annular conical sleeve 5 facing the expansion sleeve 4 is conical, the positioning part 51 is provided on the conical outer wall of the annular conical sleeve 5, and the outer wall of the positioning part 51 is an inclined surface extending to the front end of the annular conical sleeve 5. The cross-sectional shape of the positioning recess 41 is a triangle that matches the end of the annular conical sleeve 5 and the positioning part 51, thereby making the end of the annular conical sleeve 5 form a pointed shape, which can be more easily inserted between the expansion sleeve 4 and the countersunk bolt 2, thereby driving the expansion sleeve 4 to deform and expand.

[0039] Furthermore, the countersunk bolt 2 has a radially extending limiting block 21, and the rear end of the expansion sleeve 4 is formed with an axially extending limiting groove 42. The limiting block 21 is adapted to the limiting groove 42 and can move axially along the limiting groove 42. After the limiting block 21 is inserted into the limiting groove 42, it can prevent the countersunk bolt 2 from rotating relative to the expansion sleeve 4. Optionally, the limiting groove 42 can penetrate the outer peripheral wall of the expansion sleeve 4 or not. If it does not penetrate, the strength of the expansion sleeve 4 is relatively high.

[0040] In another embodiment of the present invention, the expansion sleeve 4 can be fixed to the countersunk bolt 2 with screws, so that there is no need to set the above-mentioned limiting block 21 and limiting groove 42, and the countersunk bolt 2 can also be prevented from rotating relative to the expansion sleeve 4.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, the anchor rod 1 includes a front section 1a and a rear section 1b. A locking device is disposed inside the front section 1a, and the front end of the rear section 1b is connected to the front section 1a via a threaded connection. Specifically, the rear end of the front section 1a is formed with an internal thread, and the front end of the rear section 1b is formed with an external thread. The front end of the rear section 1b is screwed onto the rear end of the front section 1a via a threaded connection, and the annular conical sleeve 5 is pushed forward by the rear section 1b to insert into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4, causing the expansion sleeve 4 to expand radially. Specifically, the expansion sleeve 4 and the annular conical sleeve 5 are first fitted onto the countersunk bolt 2; then, the countersunk bolt 2 and the expansion sleeve 4 and the annular conical sleeve 5 fitted onto it are inserted into the front section 1a of the anchor rod 1; immediately afterward, the rear section 1b is fitted onto the countersunk bolt 2 and screwed into the rear end of the front section 1a. During the screwing process, the rear section 1b pushes the annular conical sleeve 5 forward to insert into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4, causing the expansion sleeve 4 to expand radially.

[0042] Of course, the annular conical sleeve 5 can also be inserted into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 and make the expansion sleeve 4 expand radially before the rear section 1b is connected to the front section 1a, under the pushing of other auxiliary tools. For example, a cylinder with an inner diameter slightly larger than the thread end of the countersunk bolt 2 is fitted onto the countersunk bolt 2 and abuts against the rear end of the annular conical sleeve 5. Then, the cylinder is pushed with the help of a jack, so that the annular conical sleeve 5 is inserted into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 and expands until the locking block 40 of the expansion sleeve 4 is locked into the locking platform 11 of the circumferential wall of the receiving cavity 10. At the same time, the positioning part 51 of the annular conical sleeve 5 is also locked into the positioning recess 41 of the expansion sleeve 4, thereby fixing the anchor rod 1, the expansion sleeve 4, the annular conical sleeve 5 and the countersunk bolt 2 relatively. Then, the cylinder is removed and the rear section 1b is screwed onto the front section 1a.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the front end of the anchor bolt 1 has a drill head, so that the drilling rig can drive the anchor bolt 1 to rotate and drill a hole to penetrate into the formation to a predetermined depth. Alternatively, after drilling a hole to a predetermined depth, the anchor bolt 1 can be pressed into the hole by a pressure mechanism.

[0044] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided at the first slurry channel 101 to prevent water or slurry from flowing into the receiving cavity 10 from the formation.

[0045] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only illustrative of one embodiment of the buoyancy control device. In practice, multiple buoyancy control devices need to be arranged in the circumferential and longitudinal directions of the tunnel. When arranging multiple buoyancy control devices, an axial rigid plate 300 and a circumferential rigid plate 400 (i.e., the aforementioned intermediate component) can be provided on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 100 so that the multiple buoyancy control devices are connected as one unit in the axial and circumferential directions and work together to exert the anti-buoyancy effect of the segment 100. Preferably, the axial rigid plate 300 and the circumferential rigid plate 400 can be made of steel plate.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, an elastic sealing ring (not shown) is provided at the position where the front end face of the countersunk bolt 2 is located outside the second slurry channel 20 and / or at the position where the inner end wall of the receiving cavity 10 is located outside the first slurry channel 101. The elastic sealing ring elastically seals against the front end face of the countersunk bolt 2 and the inner end wall of the receiving cavity 10, so as to seal the gap between the first slurry channel 101 and the second slurry channel 20 when there is a gap between the front end face of the countersunk bolt 2 and the inner end wall of the receiving cavity 10, ensuring that the slurry can flow into the first slurry channel 101 through the second slurry channel 20. Specifically, the elastic sealing ring is a rubber ring or a silicone ring.

[0047] After introducing the implementation methods of the shield tunnel segment floating control device of the present invention, the implementation methods of the shield tunnel segment floating control method of the present invention will be described next. The specific structure of the shield tunnel segment floating control device is shown in the above embodiments, and repeated details will not be described again.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the method for controlling the floating of shield tunnel segments includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. The countersunk bolt 2 is locked in the receiving cavity 10 by the locking mechanism, and the anchor rod 1 is squeezed into the stratum through the segment 100 from inside the tunnel at the area to be controlled to float.

[0050] Specifically, when the front end of the anchor rod 1 has a drill bit, the anchor rod 1 can be driven to rotate and drill into the predetermined depth of the formation by a drilling mechanism such as a drilling rig or a pneumatic drill. As for the specific drilling method, there are various implementation methods in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here.

[0051] When anchor rod 1 is not suitable for drilling, a hole of a predetermined depth can be drilled first using a drilling rig, and then anchor rod 1 can be pressed into the hole using a pressure mechanism. As for the specific methods of drilling and inserting anchor rod 1 into the hole, there are various implementation methods in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes an expansion sleeve 4 that can expand by inner compression and an annular conical sleeve 5 that drives the expansion sleeve 4 to expand. The expansion sleeve 4 and the annular conical sleeve 5 are distributed front to back and fit around the countersunk bolt 2 near its head. The rear end of the expansion sleeve 4 is provided with a protruding locking block 40. The peripheral wall of the receiving cavity 10 is recessed with a locking platform 11 that cooperates with the locking block 40 at the position corresponding to the locking block 40. The inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 is also provided with an inwardly recessed positioning platform 41. The end of the annular conical sleeve 5 facing the expansion sleeve 4 is provided with a positioning part 51 that can be locked into the positioning platform 41. Pushing the annular conical sleeve 5 forward can insert the annular conical sleeve 5 into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 and make it expand radially, so as to drive the locking block 40 of the expansion sleeve 4 to lock into the locking platform 11. At the same time, the positioning part 51 of the annular conical sleeve 5 is also locked into the positioning platform 41 of the expansion sleeve 4, thereby fixing the anchor bolt 1, the expansion sleeve 4, the annular conical sleeve 5 and the countersunk bolt 2 relatively, thereby preventing the countersunk bolt 2 from moving relative to the anchor bolt 1 during construction.

[0053] In step S1, the process of locking the countersunk bolt 2 into the receiving cavity 10 by the locking mechanism includes:

[0054] S11. Place the expansion sleeve 4 and the annular cone sleeve 5 onto the countersunk bolt 2 one after the other.

[0055] S12, insert the countersunk bolt 2, the expansion sleeve 4 and the annular cone sleeve 5 together into the front section 1a of the anchor bolt 1;

[0056] S13. Insert the rear section 1b of the anchor rod 1 into the rear end of the countersunk bolt 2 and screw it into the front section 1a of the anchor rod 1. During the screwing process, the rear section 1b pushes forward against the annular conical sleeve 5 and inserts it into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4, causing the expansion sleeve 4 to expand radially. This drives the locking block 40 of the expansion sleeve 4 to lock into the locking platform 11 on the periphery of the receiving cavity 10. At the same time, the positioning part 51 of the annular conical sleeve 5 also locks into the positioning recess 41 of the expansion sleeve 4, thereby fixing the anchor rod 1, expansion sleeve 4, annular conical sleeve 5 and countersunk bolt 2 relatively, thus preventing the countersunk bolt 2 from moving relative to the anchor rod 1 during construction.

[0057] Of course, the ring cone sleeve 5 can also be inserted into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 under the pushing of other auxiliary tools before the rear section 1b is connected to the front section 1a, so that the expansion sleeve 4 expands radially. For example, a cylinder with an inner diameter slightly larger than the thread end of the countersunk bolt 2 is put on the countersunk bolt 2 and abuts against the rear end of the ring cone sleeve 5. Then, the cylinder is pushed with the help of a jack, so that the ring cone sleeve 5 is inserted into the inner side of the expansion sleeve 4 and expands until the locking block 40 of the expansion sleeve 4 is locked into the locking platform 11 of the circumferential wall of the receiving cavity 10. At the same time, the positioning part 51 of the ring cone sleeve 5 is also locked into the positioning recess 41 of the expansion sleeve 4, thereby fixing the anchor rod 1, the expansion sleeve 4, the ring cone sleeve 5 and the countersunk bolt 2 relatively. Then, the cylinder is taken out and the rear section 1b is screwed to the front section 1a.

[0058] Furthermore, in step S1, before or during the insertion of the anchor bolt 1 into the stratum, a sealing structure 6 is installed at the through hole through which the anchor bolt 1 passes in the segment 100, and the gap at the through hole is sealed directly or in conjunction with a waterproof filler by the sealing structure 6, so as to prevent groundwater around the tunnel from seeping into the tunnel through the gap during construction.

[0059] In some embodiments, the sealing structure 6 includes a sleeve 61 that can be fitted onto the countersunk bolt 2 and extend into the through hole, and a pad 62 that extends radially outward from the rear end of the sleeve 61. The pad 62 can be fixed to the inner wall of the segment 100. Preferably, the pad 62 can be fixed to the inner wall of the segment 100 by a screw 63.

[0060] Understandably, the waterproof filler can be implemented in various ways. In some embodiments of the present invention, the waterproof filler can be a rubber ring or epoxy resin. When the waterproof filler is epoxy resin, the pad 62 is formed with an injection hole, through which epoxy resin can be injected into the gap. Specifically, the epoxy resin can be injected in one go, or it can be injected continuously or intermittently during construction (including but not limited to squeezing the anchor bolt 1 into the stratum and injecting grout into the stratum) according to the geological conditions, so as to ensure that groundwater around the tunnel cannot seep into the tunnel through the gap during construction.

[0061] Understandably, epoxy resin is a waterproof material that expands when it comes into contact with water and is pumpable. When epoxy resin injected into a gap comes into contact with groundwater, it expands and seals the gap, thus achieving the purpose of waterproofing.

[0062] S2. Drive the anchor bolt 1 to rotate and allow the grout to flow into the formation through the second grout channel 20 and the first grout channel 101 until the grouting is completed.

[0063] Specifically, the grout can be cement grout, or a mixture of cement grout and epoxy resin, etc. As for the specific grouting method, there are various implementation methods in the prior art, which will not be elaborated here.

[0064] It should be noted that in step S2, the anchor bolt 1 has been driven to the predetermined depth, so during the grouting process, it only needs to be rotated in place. By rotating while grouting, the grout can be better diffused into the surrounding strata, thereby enabling the anchor bolt 1 to better integrate with the strata.

[0065] S3. After the grout solidifies and the anchor bolt 1 is integrated with the stratum in the area, the threaded connection structure 3 is screwed into the countersunk bolt 2 a predetermined distance and pushed directly or through the intermediate part against the segment 100, thereby pushing the segment 100 downward together to control the segment 100 to float upward. The entire construction process can be carried out during the construction period or the operation period, which greatly reduces the construction cost and construction space occupied.

[0066] Understandably, once the grout has solidified, the anchor rod 1 is firmly bonded to the stratum in the area, providing greater tensile strength. Therefore, when the threaded connection structure 3 is screwed along the countersunk bolt 2 and pushes against the segment 100 directly or through the intermediate piece, the anchor rod 1 can remain relatively stationary, allowing the segment 100 to be pushed downwards together by the pushing force of the threaded connection structure 3 to control the segment 100 to float upwards.

[0067] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the overall insertion of the anchor rod 1 into the formation and to reserve space for the pusher segment in the threaded connection structure, the process also includes assembling an extension section 200 at the rear end of the anchor rod 1 before inserting the anchor rod 1 into the formation through the segment 100; and removing the extension section 200 from the anchor rod 1 after the grout has solidified.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel segment floating control device, characterized in that, include: An anchor bolt, wherein the anchor bolt has an axial receiving cavity with a rear end opening defined inside, and a first grout channel extending forward to the outer peripheral wall of the anchor bolt is formed at the inner end wall of the receiving cavity; the anchor bolt can be used to be integrally squeezed into the formation through tunnel segments. A countersunk bolt is inserted into the receiving cavity. The front end of the countersunk bolt is formed with a second grout channel extending to the rear end, and the second grout channel is used to communicate with the first grout channel. A locking mechanism, disposed within the receiving cavity, is used to lock the countersunk bolt within the receiving cavity; and The threaded connection structure can be screwed onto countersunk bolts and can directly or through intermediate parts abut against tunnel segments; The locking mechanism includes an expansion sleeve that can expand by internal compression and a conical sleeve that drives the expansion sleeve to expand. The expansion sleeve and the conical sleeve are distributed front and back and fit around the countersunk bolt near its head. The rear end of the expansion sleeve is provided with a protruding locking block. The peripheral wall of the receiving cavity is recessed with a locking platform that cooperates with the locking block at the position corresponding to the locking block. The inner side of the expansion sleeve is also provided with a recessed positioning platform. The end of the conical sleeve facing the expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning part that can be locked into the positioning platform. The inner wall of the receiving cavity is provided with guide grooves for limiting and guiding the card block. Several guide grooves are arranged circumferentially around the periphery of the receiving cavity, and the card platform is set at the guide grooves. The countersunk bolt has a radially extending limiting block, and the rear end of the expansion sleeve is formed with an axially extending limiting groove. The limiting block is adapted to the limiting groove and can move axially along the limiting groove.

2. The shield tunnel segment floating control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing structure located at the through-holes through which the anchor bolts pass through the segments.

3. The shield tunnel segment floating control device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The anchor bolt includes a front section and a rear section. The locking mechanism is located inside the front section. The rear end of the front section is formed with an internal thread, and the front end of the rear section is formed with an external thread. The front end of the rear section is screwed to the rear end of the front section through a threaded engagement.

4. A floating control method using the shield tunnel segment floating control device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: S1. The countersunk bolts are locked in the receiving cavity by the locking mechanism, and the anchor rods are squeezed into the strata from inside the tunnel through the tunnel segments in the area where the upward movement is to be controlled. S2. Drive the anchor bolt to rotate and allow the grout to flow into the formation through the second grout channel and the first grout channel until the grouting is completed; S3. After the grout has solidified and bonded the anchor bolt to the stratum in the area, the threaded connection structure is screwed into the countersunk bolt a predetermined distance and pushed against the segment directly or through the intermediate part.

5. The buoyancy control method as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the process of locking the countersunk bolt into the receiving cavity by the locking mechanism includes: S11. Place the expansion sleeve and the annular cone sleeve onto the countersunk bolt in sequence; S12. Insert the countersunk bolt, the expansion sleeve and the annular cone sleeve fitted on it together into the front section of the anchor bolt; S13. Insert the rear section of the anchor rod into the rear end of the countersunk bolt and screw it into the front section of the anchor rod. During the screwing process, the rear section pushes forward against the annular cone sleeve and inserts it into the inner side of the expansion sleeve, causing the expansion sleeve to expand radially. This drives the locking block of the expansion sleeve to lock into the locking platform of the accommodating cavity, thereby fixing the anchor rod, expansion sleeve, annular cone sleeve and countersunk bolt relatively.

6. The buoyancy control method as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, before or during the insertion of the anchor rod into the formation, a sealing structure is installed at the through hole through which the anchor rod passes through the segment, and the gap at the through hole is sealed directly or in conjunction with a waterproof filler through the sealing structure.

7. The buoyancy control method as described in claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes assembling an extension section at the rear end of the anchor bolt before it is driven into the formation through the segments; and removing the extension section from the anchor bolt after the grout has solidified.

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