An energy device for a chimney

Abstract

An energy device for a chimney, the energy device is arranged at the upper end of a building chimney. The energy device includes a photovoltaic panel and hydraulic cylinders. The number of the hydraulic cylinders is three, and the three hydraulic cylinders are arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic panel and supported below the photovoltaic panel. The hydraulic cylinder includes a piston rod, a piston block, a connecting rod, a supporting plate, a housing, an upper chamber, a middle chamber, a lower chamber, an upper chamber opening, a lower chamber opening, and a control valve. A separating ring and a supporting ring are arranged in the housing. An upper chamber is formed above the separating ring, a middle chamber is formed between the separating ring and the supporting ring, and a lower chamber is formed below the supporting ring. The outer piston includes a cylindrical part, and a flange part extends outward from the outer wall of the cylindrical part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building energy, and particularly to an energy device for a chimney. Background Art

[0002] A building chimney is a natural ventilation technology for buildings. Compared with the need to adopt mechanical ventilation, it has good economy, saves energy consumption, and saves building space. Its structural form is to set a vertical shaft space inside the building, with an opening at the bottom leading to the indoor, and an opening at the top connected to the outdoor. Its function is to ventilate, discharge smoke and waste gas inside the building to keep the air inside the building fresh. The ventilation principle of the chimney utilizes wind pressure or heat exchange (i.e., using natural energy), or directly uses a fan (using active energy), and it is also possible to set a power-free wind cap device at the air outlet. Among them, generator blades are also commonly provided in the chimney to utilize wind energy to a certain extent. Photovoltaic panels are also used on the building top.

[0003] In actual engineering practice, the following problems exist:

[0004] First, the existing solar photovoltaic panels have a requirement for the rotation angle. In recent years, it has been relatively common to use hydraulic cylinders as the power to control the rotation. For example, in the Solar Decathlon held in 2010, the VGN team from the United States won the first place by using the technology of controlling the rotation of photovoltaic panels with hydraulic cylinders; however, the problems existing in the existing technology of controlling the rotation of photovoltaic panels with hydraulic cylinders are: under normal conditions, the three cylinders are located below the photovoltaic panel to play a supporting role. The best solution should be that the hydraulic cylinder supports the piston rod by a fixed structure rather than by supplying oil to support the piston rod; when the piston rod is supported by a fixed structure and the three cylinders cooperate to control the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel, one side of the cylinder does not move, the lifting distance of the opposite side of the cylinder is too large, and the lifting of the middle cylinder is moderate. The too large lifting distance may cause problems such as the specification size and stability of the three hydraulic cylinders.

[0005] Second, for the existing precision servo hydraulic cylinders, the position is set through a sensor controller, and the position is determined by means of the oil supply amount. The oil supply amount is controlled by opening and closing valves. However, controlling the position by the oil supply amount is not accurate. For example, the unexpected oil volume changes caused by signal control delay, opening and closing delay, residual oil volume, etc. will make the oil supply amount inaccurate. And the larger the diameter of the corresponding pipeline, the greater the oil volume change and the less accurate the control. However, for traditional hydraulic cylinders, it is impossible to set the diameter of the oil inlet and outlet channels too small.

[0006] Third, the existing limit structures can only achieve fixed limits and cannot achieve selectable limits: limit in some cases and not limit in some cases. If multiple situations are to be made universal, active control means may need to be relied on, increasing the cost.

[0007] IV. For a hydraulic cylinder in the prior art, if long-distance telescoping is to be achieved, it needs to be realized by means of the extension of the oil passage chamber. The more hydraulic oil is provided and the longer the chamber is, the longer the extension distance will be. However, this requires a hydraulic cylinder of appropriate size and also more hydraulic oil. The longer it takes to pass more oil, the longer the response time for the oil to reach the position, the slower the response, and the higher the cost.

[0008] V. The hydraulic cylinder in the prior art has only one piston and its function is single, only capable of realizing the stroke function. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution to simultaneously solve the above-mentioned multiple problems.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an energy device for a chimney, which is arranged at the upper end of a building chimney. The energy device includes a photovoltaic panel and a hydraulic cylinder. The number of hydraulic cylinders is three, and the three hydraulic cylinders are arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic panel and supported below the photovoltaic panel; the hydraulic cylinder includes a piston rod, a piston block, a connecting rod, a support plate, a housing, an upper chamber, a middle chamber, a lower chamber, an upper chamber port, a lower chamber port, a control valve, a spacer ring, a support ring, an outer piston, an inner cavity, a slider, a spring, a discharge passage, a holding cylinder, and a flow passage;

[0011] A spacer ring and a support ring are arranged inside the housing. An upper chamber is formed above the spacer ring, a middle chamber is formed between the spacer ring and the support ring, and a lower chamber is formed below the support ring. The outer piston includes a cylindrical portion, and a flange portion extends outward from the outer wall of the cylindrical portion. Normally, the flange portion is supported on the support ring, and the outer wall of the cylindrical portion abuts against the inner wall of the spacer ring. The inner cavity is arranged inside the cylindrical portion. The piston rod, the piston block, the connecting rod, and the support plate are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form an integral rod, and the connecting rod passes through the outer piston to the lower part of the outer piston; a sliding cavity is arranged inside the cylindrical portion, the spring is located inside the sliding cavity, the slider is connected to the inner end of the spring, and normally the piston block is supported on the slider. The flow passage is arranged inside the piston block. An upper chamber port is arranged on the housing corresponding to the upper chamber, a lower chamber port is arranged corresponding to the lower chamber, and an oil discharge port is arranged at the position corresponding to the middle chamber. The diameter of the oil discharge port is smaller than the diameter of the upper chamber port. The oil discharge port is connected to an oil discharge pipe, and a control valve is arranged on the oil discharge pipe. A discharge passage is arranged inside the outer piston. Normally, the discharge passage connects the inner cavity and the oil discharge port; a holding cylinder is arranged above the housing to hold the piston rod;

[0012] When the upper chamber port is supplied with oil, the oil liquid enters the inner cavity from the flow passage to push the slider outward, so that the slider no longer supports the piston block, and the piston block drops into the inner cavity to realize the descent of the piston rod. When the support plate abuts against the lower wall of the housing, the outer wall of the piston block still abuts against the slider.

[0013] Preferably, when the piston block enters the inner cavity, the control valve opens; or after oil is supplied to the upper cavity for a period of time, the control valve opens.

[0014] Preferably, the sliding cavity includes a step, and the slider includes a step to prevent the slider from disengaging from the sliding cavity. The number of springs is four, and the number of sliders is four.

[0015] Preferably, when oil is supplied to the upper cavity opening, the discharge passage still connects the inner cavity and the oil discharge port.

[0016] Preferably, when oil is supplied to the lower cavity, the outer piston lifts, and the support plate also lifts.

[0017] Preferably, when the outer piston lifts, the slider still supports the piston block.

[0018] Preferably, a protrusion is provided below the support plate, which can lift the piston block to reset above the slider when oil is supplied to the lower cavity.

[0019] Preferably, under normal conditions, oil can be supplied to the lower cavity to lift the piston block to reset above the slider.

[0020] Preferably, under normal conditions, the oil in the lower cavity does not contact the bottom surface of the outer piston.

[0021] Preferably, the diameter of the oil discharge port is smaller than the diameter of the lower cavity opening.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] First, regarding the first point proposed in the background art, the three hydraulic cylinders can all be supported by the fixed structure under normal conditions. When telescoping, the three hydraulic cylinders not only have a lifting state but also a state of being shorter than when in the normal state; thus, on the premise of ensuring support by the fixed structure under normal conditions, there is one more contraction state than the prior art, so that the three hydraulic cylinders cooperate in telescoping to adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0024] Second, regarding the second point proposed in the background art, a new inner cavity is constructed within the piston cavity to accommodate the inner piston part. A throttle discharge passage is separately designed for the inner cavity outside the conventional inlet and outlet of the hydraulic cylinder. The inner cavity is connected to the discharge passage with a smaller diameter, and the discharge passage is connected to the control valve; thus, when controlling the downward movement position of the piston, only the control valve needs to be closed to maintain the liquid level in the inner cavity to stop the piston from moving and thus determine the position. Due to the smaller size of the discharge passage, even if there are factors such as opening and closing delays, the pressure fluctuation is smaller, so objectively the piston positioning is more accurate.

[0025] III. Regarding the third point raised in the background art, a self-controlled limiting structure is designed. This limiting structure can use hydraulic force to switch between the limiting / non-limiting states. A spring slider structure is arranged inside the outer piston. Under normal conditions, the slider supports the piston block and limits its position, and there is no liquid in the inner cavity. When liquid is introduced into the upper cavity, the liquid enters the inner cavity through the flow path in the piston block. At this time, the control valve is closed. When the liquid level in the inner cavity rises, it pushes the slider to move radially outward, so that it no longer supports the piston block, and the piston block drops into the inner cavity. The flow port also enters the inner cavity and is blocked. At this time, the control valve opens to slowly drain the liquid in the inner cavity, thereby controlling the liquid level in the inner cavity to control the position of the piston. When the support plate abuts against the lower wall of the housing, the piston block still abuts against the slider to facilitate the return of the piston block.

[0026] IV. Regarding the fourth point raised in the background art, the structure of the main and auxiliary chambers is adopted. The upper chamber and the middle chamber in the cylinder body are separated by a separating ring, and the liquid in the upper chamber cannot flow to the middle chamber. Thus, less liquid can fill the upper chamber. After that, the liquid in the upper chamber drives the piston block to move by means of a smaller-sized inner cavity, without the need for the large-sized upper chamber to be continuously filled with liquid. Therefore, the movement of the hydraulic cylinder can be achieved with less liquid, with a fast response and without the need for more hydraulic oil.

[0027] V. Regarding the fifth point raised in the background art, the structure of the inner and outer pistons is adopted. The outer piston acts as a supporting base under normal conditions and can achieve a lifting movement. The inner piston assembly is used to lift or lower. The two cooperate to achieve various functions such as support, lifting, contraction, and limitation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 Front view of the energy device of the present invention

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention under normal conditions

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention in the lifting state

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention in the contracted state

[0033] In the figures, the reference numerals are as follows:

[0034] 1. Photovoltaic panel, 2. Hydraulic cylinder, 3. Protective net, 4. Power generation device, 5. Structural support, 6. Battery pack, 7. Inner wall of the shaft, 8. Shock-absorbing support, 9. Piston rod, 10. Piston block, 11. Connecting rod, 12. Support plate, 13. Outer shell, 14. Upper chamber, 15. Middle chamber, 16. Lower chamber, 17. Upper chamber opening, 18. Lower chamber opening, 19. Control valve, 20. Spacer ring, 21. Support ring, 22. Outer piston, 23. Inner cavity, 24. Slide block, 25. Spring, 26. Discharge passage, 27. Holding cylinder, 28. Flow passage. Detailed implementation manner

[0035] As shown in the figure: An energy device for a chimney, the energy device is arranged at the upper end of the building chimney. The energy device includes a photovoltaic panel and a hydraulic cylinder. The number of the hydraulic cylinders is three, and the three hydraulic cylinders are arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic panel and supported below the photovoltaic panel; The hydraulic cylinder includes a piston rod, a piston block, a connecting rod, a support plate, an outer shell, an upper chamber, a middle chamber, a lower chamber, an upper chamber opening, a lower chamber opening, a control valve, a spacer ring, a support ring, an outer piston, an inner cavity, a slide block, a spring, a discharge passage, a holding cylinder, and a flow passage;

[0036] A spacer ring and a support ring are arranged inside the outer shell. An upper chamber is formed above the spacer ring, a middle chamber is formed between the spacer ring and the support ring, and a lower chamber is formed below the support ring. The outer piston includes a cylindrical part, and a flange part extends outward from the outer wall of the cylindrical part. Normally, the flange part is supported on the support ring, and the outer wall of the cylindrical part abuts against the inner wall of the spacer ring. The inner cavity is arranged inside the cylindrical part. The piston rod, the piston block, the connecting rod, and the support plate are connected in sequence from top to bottom to form an integral rod. The connecting rod passes through the outer piston to the lower part of the outer piston; A sliding cavity is arranged inside the cylindrical part. The spring is located inside the sliding cavity. The slide block is connected to the inner end of the spring. Normally, the piston block is supported on the slide block. A flow passage is arranged inside the piston block. An upper chamber opening is arranged on the outer shell corresponding to the upper chamber, a lower chamber opening is arranged corresponding to the lower chamber, and an oil discharge port is arranged at the position corresponding to the middle chamber. The diameter of the oil discharge port is smaller than the diameter of the upper chamber opening. The oil discharge port is connected to an oil discharge pipe, and a control valve is arranged on the oil discharge pipe. A discharge passage is arranged in the outer piston. Normally, the discharge passage connects the inner cavity and the oil discharge port; A holding cylinder is arranged above the outer shell to hold the piston rod;

[0037] When the upper chamber opening is filled with oil, the oil liquid enters the inner cavity from the flow passage to push the slide block outward, so that the slide block no longer supports the piston block, and the piston block drops into the inner cavity to realize the descent of the piston rod. When the support plate abuts against the lower wall of the outer shell, the outer wall of the piston block still abuts against the slide block.

[0038] As shown in the figure: when the piston block enters the inner cavity, the control valve opens; or after oil is passed through the upper cavity for a period of time, the control valve opens. The sliding cavity includes steps, and the slider includes steps to prevent the slider from slipping out of the sliding cavity. The number of springs is four, and the number of sliders is four. When oil is passed through the upper cavity opening, the discharge passage still connects the inner cavity and the oil drain port. When oil is passed through the lower cavity, the outer piston lifts, and the support plate also lifts. When the outer piston lifts, the slider still supports the piston block. A protrusion is provided below the support plate, which can lift the piston block to reset above the slider when oil is passed through the lower cavity. Under normal conditions, oil can be passed through the lower cavity to lift the piston block to reset above the slider. Under normal conditions, the oil in the lower cavity does not contact the bottom surface of the outer piston. The diameter of the oil drain port is smaller than the diameter of the lower cavity opening.

[0039] Regarding the details of how many oil ports the hydraulic cylinder has to achieve oil inlet and outlet respectively, since it is a relatively conventional technology, for example, each oil cavity includes one oil inlet and one oil outlet respectively or each oil cavity has a two-way oil port, which are all common. Therefore, this patent will not elaborate further in terms of space and illustrations.

[0040] The above detailed description is a specific description of the feasible embodiments of the present invention, and this embodiment is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change made without departing from the present invention shall be included in the patent scope of this case.

Claims

1. An energy device for a smoke extraction shaft, characterized in that: The energy device is arranged at the upper end of the building's chimney effect shaft. The energy device includes a photovoltaic panel and hydraulic cylinders. The number of hydraulic cylinders is three, and the three hydraulic cylinders are arranged along the length direction of the photovoltaic panel and supported below the photovoltaic panel. The hydraulic cylinder includes a piston rod, a piston block, a connecting rod, a support plate, a housing, an upper chamber, a middle chamber, a lower chamber, an upper chamber port, a lower chamber port, a control valve, a separating ring, a support ring, an outer piston, an inner cavity, a slider, a spring, a discharge passage, a holding cylinder, and a flow passage. A separating ring and a support ring are arranged inside the housing. An upper chamber is formed above the separating ring, a middle chamber is formed between the separating ring and the support ring, and a lower chamber is formed below the support ring. The outer piston includes a cylindrical portion, and a flange portion extends outward from the outer wall of the cylindrical portion. Normally, the flange portion is supported on the support ring, the outer wall of the cylindrical portion abuts against the inner wall of the separating ring, and the inner cavity is arranged inside the cylindrical portion. The piston rod, the piston block, and the connecting rod are connected in sequence from top to bottom to form an integral rod, and the connecting rod passes through the outer piston to the lower part of the outer piston. A sliding cavity is arranged inside the cylindrical portion, the spring is located in the sliding cavity, the slider is connected to the inner end of the spring, and normally the piston block is supported on the slider. A flow passage is arranged inside the piston block. An upper chamber port is arranged on the housing corresponding to the upper chamber, a lower chamber port is arranged corresponding to the lower chamber, and an oil discharge port is arranged at the position corresponding to the middle chamber. The diameter of the oil discharge port is smaller than that of the upper chamber port. The oil discharge port is connected to an oil discharge pipe, and a control valve is arranged on the oil discharge pipe. A discharge passage is arranged in the outer piston, and normally the discharge passage connects the inner cavity and the oil discharge port. A holding cylinder is arranged above the housing to hold the piston rod. When oil is introduced into the upper chamber port, the oil fluid enters the inner cavity through the flow passage to push the slider outward, so that the slider no longer supports the piston block, and the piston block drops into the inner cavity to realize the descent of the piston rod. When the support plate abuts against the lower wall of the housing, the outer wall of the piston block still abuts against the slider.

2. The energy device for a chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the piston block enters the inner cavity, the control valve opens; or after oil is introduced into the upper chamber for a period of time, the control valve opens.

3. An energy device for a chimney, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding cavity includes a step, and the slider includes a step to prevent the slider from slipping out of the sliding cavity. The number of springs is four, and the number of sliders is four.

4. An energy device for a chimney, according to claim 1, characterized in that: When oil is introduced into the upper chamber port, the discharge passage still connects the inner cavity and the oil discharge port.

5. An energy device for a chimney, characterized in that: When oil is introduced into the lower chamber, the outer piston rises, and the support plate also rises.

6. The energy device for a chimney according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the outer piston rises, the slider still supports the piston block.

7. An energy device for a chimney, according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protrusion is arranged below the support plate, and when oil is introduced into the lower chamber, the piston block can be lifted and reset above the slider.

8. An energy device for a smoke extraction shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Normally, oil fluid can be introduced into the lower chamber to lift and reset the piston block above the slider.

9. The energy device for a chimney according to claim 8, characterized in that: Normally, the oil fluid in the lower chamber does not contact the bottom surface of the outer piston.

10. The energy device for a chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the oil discharge port is smaller than that of the lower chamber port.

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