Application of zinc sulfide-based phosphors in wear failure monitoring

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of friction technology, specifically relating to the application of zinc sulfide-based phosphors in wear failure monitoring. The invention provides an application of zinc sulfide-based phosphors in wear failure monitoring; the zinc sulfide-based phosphors include ZnS:Mn phosphors and ZnS:Cu phosphors. This invention combines ZnS:Mn phosphors and ZnS:Cu phosphors with different temperature response characteristics and applies them to wear failure monitoring. Before wear failure, the phosphors display a predominantly green, yellow-green mixed light; after wear failure, they display a predominantly yellow, yellow-green mixed light. This allows for visually direct monitoring of whether wear failure has occurred, simplifying the monitoring method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of friction technology, specifically relating to the application of zinc sulfide-based phosphor in wear failure monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Friction and wear are among the most common failure modes of machines. International statistics show that wear consumes 30% of the world's primary energy and approximately 80% of machine parts fail due to wear.

[0003] Research on friction and wear monitoring is of great engineering significance for the life assessment and failure analysis of components, while the study of its underlying mechanism is of great scientific significance. Accurate monitoring of wear status will effectively save materials and energy, improve the performance of mechanical equipment, extend service life, and reduce maintenance costs, which is of great significance to the national economy.

[0004] Friction and wear are generally classified into three stages: running-in wear, stable wear, and severe wear. Once a friction device enters the severe wear stage, its wear rate increases dramatically, leading to decreased mechanical efficiency, loss of precision, abnormal vibration and noise, and ultimately, complete failure of the friction pair. Severe wear failure is often accompanied by the generation of a large amount of frictional heat. Current wear early warning methods often require complex monitoring equipment, cannot visually distinguish the wear state of friction devices, and involve complex analysis methods, failing to meet production needs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an application of zinc sulfide-based phosphor in wear failure monitoring. This invention applies zinc sulfide-based phosphor to wear failure monitoring, and wear failure can be visually detected by observing changes in fluorescence, thus simplifying the monitoring method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides an application of zinc sulfide-based phosphor in wear failure monitoring;

[0008] The zinc sulfide-based phosphors include ZnS:Mn phosphors and ZnS:Cu phosphors.

[0009] Preferably, the particle size of the ZnS:Mn phosphor is 5–30 μm.

[0010] Preferably, the particle size of the ZnS:Cu phosphor is 10–100 μm.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the ZnS:Mn phosphor to the ZnS:Cu phosphor is 1:1 to 5.

[0012] Preferably, the application includes the following steps:

[0013] Zinc sulfide-based phosphor and resin matrix are mixed, and the resulting slurry is coated on the surface of the substrate to be rubbed to obtain a friction coating.

[0014] Friction tests were conducted on the friction coating. Before wear failure, the emission spectrum of the friction coating showed a yellow-green mixed light dominated by green; after wear failure, the emission spectrum of the friction coating showed a yellow-green mixed light dominated by yellow.

[0015] Preferably, the resin matrix includes one or more of epoxy resin, styrene-acrylic resin, acrylic resin and alkyd resin.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of the zinc sulfide-based phosphor to the resin is 1:1 to 8.

[0017] This invention provides an application of zinc sulfide-based phosphors in wear failure monitoring; the zinc sulfide-based phosphors include ZnS:Mn phosphors and ZnS:Cu phosphors. This invention combines ZnS:Mn phosphors and ZnS:Cu phosphors with different temperature response characteristics for wear failure monitoring. Before wear failure, the frictional heat is stable below 35°C. After wear failure, due to severe wear on the friction surface, a large amount of frictional heat is generated, causing the ZnS:Cu phosphor's luminescence to be thermally quenched. Therefore, before wear failure, it displays a predominantly green yellow-green mixed light, and after wear failure, it displays a predominantly yellow yellow-green mixed light, thus enabling visually direct monitoring of wear failure and simplifying the monitoring method. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 SEM images of the refined ZnS:Mn phosphors obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 3;

[0019] Figure 2 The image shows the coatings obtained in Example 1 on steel sheets, wood panels, glass, and polytetrafluoroethylene sheets.

[0020] Figure 3 a is the coefficient of friction of the coating obtained on the steel sheet in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 3 b is a graph showing the frictional heat change of the coating obtained on the steel sheet in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 3 c is a graph showing the change in the tribological spectrum of the coating obtained on the steel sheet in Example 1 before wear.

[0023] Figure 3d is the tribological spectrum change of the coating obtained on the steel sheet in Example 1 after wear;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the triboluminescence of the coating obtained on the steel sheet in Example 1 as a function of temperature and the position of the luminescence color on the CIE coordinate system.

[0025] Figure 5 These are photographs of the triboluminescence of the coating on the steel sheet before and after wear failure, as shown in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 6 The images show the mechanoluminescence properties of the coating prepared from the refined ZnS:Mn phosphor obtained in Example 1 and the coating obtained in Comparative Example 3.

[0027] Figure 7 The images show the photoluminescence and triboluminescence properties of the coating prepared from the refined ZnS:Mn phosphor obtained in Example 1 and the coating obtained in Comparative Example 4.

[0028] Figure 8 The triboluminescence of the coatings in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 varies with temperature (c represents ZnS:Mn, d represents ZnS:Cu);

[0029] Figure 9 The images show the triboluminescence of the coating on the steel sheet before and after wear failure in Comparative Example 1.

[0030] Figure 10 The images show the triboluminescence of the coating on the steel sheet before and after wear failure in Comparative Example 2.

[0031] Figure 11 A process flow diagram for the application provided by this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] This invention provides an application of zinc sulfide-based phosphor in wear failure monitoring;

[0033] The zinc sulfide-based phosphors include ZnS:Mn phosphors and ZnS:Cu phosphors.

[0034] In this invention, the particle size of the ZnS:Mn phosphor is preferably 5-30 μm, more preferably 8-25 μm, and even more preferably 10-20 μm.

[0035] In this invention, the particle size of the ZnS:Cu phosphor is preferably 10-100 μm, more preferably 20-90 μm, and even more preferably 30-80 μm.

[0036] In this invention, the mass ratio of ZnS:Mn phosphor to ZnS:Cu phosphor is preferably 1:1 to 5, more preferably 1:2 to 4, and even more preferably 1:3.

[0037] In this invention, when the particle size of the zinc sulfide-based phosphor is larger than the aforementioned defined particle size range, it is preferable to further include a refining process for the zinc sulfide-based phosphor. In this invention, the refining process preferably includes the following steps:

[0038] Zinc sulfide-based phosphor and liquid grinding media are mixed, and wet grinding and static sedimentation are performed in sequence. The upper liquid is taken out and collected. The above process is repeated until no solid zinc sulfide-based phosphor residue remains.

[0039] The collected upper liquid was dried to obtain refined zinc sulfide-based phosphor.

[0040] In this invention, the liquid grinding medium preferably comprises a solvent that does not react with zinc sulfide-based phosphors, and more preferably comprises water and / or ethanol.

[0041] In this invention, the volume ratio of the zinc sulfide-based phosphor to the liquid grinding medium is preferably 1:1 to 6, more preferably 1:2 to 5, and even more preferably 1:3 to 4. In this invention, the wet grinding is preferably manual wet grinding, and the time for a single wet grinding cycle is preferably 15 to 40 minutes, more preferably 20 to 35 minutes, and even more preferably 25 to 30 minutes. In this invention, the time for a single settling period is preferably 1 to 5 minutes, and even more preferably 2 to 4 minutes. This invention does not have a specific limitation on the number of repetitions; methods well known to those skilled in the art can be used. In this invention, the wet grinding is preferably performed in a mortar.

[0042] In this invention, the application preferably includes the following steps:

[0043] Zinc sulfide-based phosphor and resin matrix are mixed, and the resulting slurry is coated on the surface of the substrate to be rubbed to obtain a friction coating.

[0044] Friction tests were conducted on the friction coating. Before wear failure, the emission spectrum of the friction coating showed a yellow-green mixed light dominated by green; after wear failure, the emission spectrum of the friction coating showed a yellow-green mixed light dominated by yellow.

[0045] In this invention, the resin matrix preferably includes one or more of epoxy resin, styrene-acrylic resin, acrylic resin, and alkyd resin. In this invention, the mass ratio of the zinc sulfide-based phosphor to the resin is preferably 1:1 to 8, more preferably 1:2 to 7, and even more preferably 1:3 to 6.

[0046] This invention does not impose any particular limitation on the type of substrate to be rubbed; any substrate well-known to those skilled in the art can be used. In specific embodiments of this invention, the substrate to be rubbed is preferably a steel sheet, a wooden board, glass, or a plastic sheet.

[0047] The present invention does not impose any particular limitation on the mixing and coating methods, and any method known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0048] The present invention does not impose any particular limitation on the method of friction testing, and any method well known to those skilled in the art can be used. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the friction testing process preferably includes: rubbing for 60 minutes under a load of 2N and a rotation speed of 2000 r / min; the friction test is performed on a friction testing machine.

[0049] The process flow diagram of the application provided by this invention is as follows: Figure 11 As shown.

[0050] To further illustrate the present invention, the application of a zinc sulfide-based phosphor provided by the present invention in wear failure monitoring is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] ZnS:Mn phosphor with a particle size of 100 μm was placed in a mortar, and ethanol was added at a volume ratio of 3. The mixture was manually ground for 10 min, allowed to stand and settle for 3 min, and the supernatant was poured into a beaker. The powder in the mortar was then wet-ground and allowed to stand and settle again by adding ethanol. This process was repeated 5 times. The collected supernatant was then placed in an oven and dried to obtain refined ZnS:Mn phosphor with a particle size of 5 μm.

[0053] ZnS:Cu phosphor with a particle size of 100 μm was placed in a mortar, and ethanol was added at a volume ratio of 3. The mixture was manually ground for 10 min, allowed to stand and settle for 3 min, and the supernatant was poured into a beaker. The powder in the mortar was then wet-ground and allowed to stand and settle again with ethanol. This process was repeated 5 times. The collected supernatant was then placed in an oven and dried to obtain refined ZnS:Cu phosphor with a particle size of 10 μm.

[0054] The obtained ZnS:Mn phosphor and ZnS:Cu phosphor were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3. The resulting mixed phosphor was then mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry. The slurry was then sprayed onto steel sheets, wood boards, glass, and polytetrafluoroethylene boards to obtain a friction coating.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] ZnS:Mn phosphor with a particle size of 100 μm was placed in a mortar, and ethanol was added at a volume ratio of 3. The mixture was manually ground for 10 min, allowed to stand and settle for 3 min, and the supernatant was poured into a beaker. The powder in the mortar was then wet-ground and allowed to stand and settle again by adding ethanol. This process was repeated 5 times. The collected supernatant was then placed in an oven and dried to obtain refined ZnS:Mn phosphor with a particle size of 5 μm.

[0057] The obtained ZnS:Mn phosphor was mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry, which was then sprayed onto a steel sheet to obtain a friction coating.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] ZnS:Cu phosphor with a particle size of 100 μm was placed in a mortar, and ethanol was added at a volume ratio of 3. The mixture was manually ground for 10 min, allowed to stand and settle for 3 min, and the supernatant was poured into a beaker. The powder in the mortar was then wet-ground and allowed to stand and settle again with ethanol. This process was repeated 5 times. The collected supernatant was then placed in an oven and dried to obtain refined ZnS:Cu phosphor with a particle size of 10 μm.

[0060] The obtained ZnS:Cu phosphor was mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry, which was then sprayed onto a steel sheet to obtain a friction coating.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] ZnS:Mn phosphor with a particle size of 100 μm was placed in a mortar and manually dry ground for 5 minutes. The obtained ZnS:Mn phosphor was mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry. The slurry was then sprayed onto a steel sheet to obtain a friction coating (referred to as preliminary grinding).

[0063] ZnS:Mn phosphor with a particle size of 100 μm was placed in a mortar and manually dry-ground for 2 hours. The obtained ZnS:Mn phosphor was mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry. The slurry was then sprayed onto a steel sheet to obtain a friction coating (recorded as dry grinding for 2 hours).

[0064] ZnS:Cu phosphor with a particle size of 100 μm was placed in a mortar and ethanol was added at a volume ratio of 3. After manual grinding for 2 hours, the slurry was dried. The resulting ZnS:Mn phosphor was mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry. The slurry was then sprayed onto a steel sheet to obtain a friction coating (referred to as alcohol grinding for 2 hours).

[0065] Comparative Example 4

[0066] ZnS:Mn phosphor with a particle size of 100 μm was placed in a ball mill and ball-milled for 30 min at a speed of 200 rpm. The obtained ZnS:Mn phosphor was mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry. The slurry was then sprayed onto a steel sheet to obtain a friction coating (referred to as ball milling method).

[0067] Performance testing

[0068] Test Example 1

[0069] The refined ZnS:Mn phosphors obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and the resulting SEM images are shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the top left represents preliminary grinding, the top right represents dry grinding for 2 hours, the bottom left represents alcohol grinding for 2 hours, and the bottom right represents grinding from Example 1. Figure 1 It can be seen that the refining method provided by the present invention has a good refining effect on ZnS:Mn phosphor.

[0070] Test Example 2

[0071] Physical images of the coatings obtained in Example 1 on steel sheets, wood boards, glass, and polytetrafluoroethylene boards are shown below. Figure 2 As shown; from left to right, they are a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet, a glass plate, a wooden board, and a steel sheet;

[0072] An adhesion test was conducted on the coating obtained on the steel sheet. The test results showed that the adhesion of the coating on the steel sheet reached level 2.

[0073] Test Example 3

[0074] The coatings obtained in Example 1 on steel sheets, wood boards, glass, and polytetrafluoroethylene boards were tested for acid resistance, alkali resistance, water resistance, and high temperature resistance, respectively.

[0075] The acid resistance test method was as follows: the coating was immersed in a 1 mol / L HCl solution for 48 hours. The test results showed that the coating performance was not affected and the acid resistance was good.

[0076] The alkali resistance test method is as follows: the coating is immersed in a 1 mol / L NaOH solution for 48 hours. The test results show that the coating performance is not affected and the alkali resistance is good.

[0077] The water resistance test method involves immersing the coating in water for 48 hours. The test results show that the coating performance was not affected and the water resistance was good.

[0078] The high temperature resistance test method was to place the coating in a 100℃ oven for 48 hours. The test results showed that the coating performance was not affected and the high temperature resistance was good.

[0079] Test Example 4

[0080] The coating obtained on the steel sheet in Example 1 was subjected to a friction test. The triboluminescence properties were measured by collecting the light signal through an optical fiber and transmitting it to a spectrometer to obtain the spectrum.

[0081] Friction test conditions: Friction for 60 minutes on a friction testing machine under a load of 2N and a rotation speed of 2000r / min;

[0082] The test results are as follows Figures 3-5 As shown, where Figure 3 'a' represents the change in the coefficient of friction over time. Figure 3 b represents the relationship between frictional heat and time. Figure 3 c represents the triboluminescence spectrum of the coating before wear failure. Figure 3 d represents the triboluminescence spectrum of the coating after wear failure; from Figure 3 It can be seen that the coefficient of friction of the coating is stable at a low level at the beginning of friction, but increases sharply over time, and the coating wears and fails. The frictional heat is stable at about 35°C before frictional wear failure, but increases sharply to 140°C after wear failure, and then slowly decreases and stabilizes at about 75°C. Before wear failure, the triboluminescence is mainly a yellow-green mixed light dominated by green light, while after wear failure, it is mainly a yellow-green mixed light dominated by yellow light.

[0083] Figure 4 a represents the curve of the triboluminescence spectrum of the coating as a function of temperature. Figure 4 b is a diagram showing the position of the coating's luminous color in the CIE coordinate system; from Figure 4 It can be seen that the triboluminescence spectrum of the coating changes from a yellow-green mixed light dominated by green light to a yellow-green mixed light dominated by yellow light;

[0084] Figure 5 These are photographs showing triboluminescence before and after wear failure. The left side shows before wear failure, and the right side shows after wear failure. Figure 5 It can be seen that before the coating wears and fails, the triboluminescence is a yellow-green mixed light dominated by green light, and after wear and failure, it is a yellow-green mixed light dominated by yellow light. By observing the change in the color of the triboluminescence, it is possible to distinguish whether the coating has worn and failed, thus playing an early warning role.

[0085] Test Example 5

[0086] The refined ZnS:Mn phosphor obtained in Example 1 was mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry, which was then sprayed onto a steel sheet to obtain a friction coating (referred to as the water-jetting method).

[0087] The mechanoluminescence properties of the obtained friction coating and the friction coating obtained in Comparative Example 3 were tested using a triboluminescence spectrometer. The test conditions were as follows: friction was performed for 60 minutes on a triboluminescence testing machine under a load of 2 N and a rotation speed of 2000 r / min. The test curves are shown below. Figure 6 As shown, from Figure 6 It can be seen that the refined phosphor particles obtained by the refining method provided by the present invention do not damage their triboluminescence properties.

[0088] Test Example 6

[0089] The refined ZnS:Mn phosphor obtained in Example 1 was mixed with epoxy resin at a mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain a slurry, which was then sprayed onto a steel sheet to obtain a friction coating (referred to as the water-jetting method).

[0090] The photoluminescence and triboluminescence properties of the obtained friction coating and the friction coating obtained in Comparative Example 4 are as follows: Figure 7 As shown; from Figure 7 It can be seen that using ball milling to refine the phosphor significantly damages its photoluminescence and triboluminescence properties.

[0091] Test Example 7

[0092] The triboluminescence properties of the coatings obtained in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were tested. The triboluminescence test conditions were as follows: the coatings were rubbed for 60 minutes on a triboluminometer under a load of 2 N and a rotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0093] Figure 8 c represents the relationship between the triboluminescence of ZnS:Mn phosphor and temperature. Figure 8 d represents the relationship between the triboluminescence of ZnS:Cu phosphor and temperature. Figure 8 It can be seen that the ZnS:Mn phosphor is not significantly affected by temperature, while the luminescence intensity of the ZnS:Cu phosphor decreases as the temperature increases.

[0094] Figure 9 The images shown are triboluminescence photographs of the coating before and after wear failure obtained in Comparative Example 1. The left side shows the coating before wear failure, and the right side shows the coating after wear failure. Figure 9 It can be seen that the material had a yellow sheen before wear and failure, and it still had a yellow sheen after wear and failure.

[0095] Figure 10 The images shown are triboluminescence photographs of the coating before and after wear failure, obtained in Comparative Example 2. The left side shows the coating before wear failure, and the right side shows the coating after wear failure. Figure 10 It can be seen that the light is green before wear and failure, and it remains green after wear and failure.

[0096] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Other embodiments can be obtained based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of zinc sulfide-based fluorescent powder in wear failure monitoring; The zinc sulfide-based fluorescent powder comprises ZnS:Mn fluorescent powder and ZnS:Cu fluorescent powder; The application comprises the following steps: mixing the zinc sulfide-based fluorescent powder and a resin matrix, coating the obtained slurry on the surface of a substrate to be rubbed to obtain a friction coating; performing a friction test on the friction coating, and when wear failure occurs, the luminescence spectrum of the friction coating shows yellow-green mixed light dominated by green; and when wear failure occurs, the luminescence spectrum of the friction coating shows yellow-green mixed light dominated by yellow.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the ZnS:Mn fluorescent powder is 5-30 μm.

3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the ZnS:Cu fluorescent powder is 10-100 μm.

4. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the ZnS:Mn fluorescent powder and the ZnS:Cu fluorescent powder is 1:1-5.

5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resin matrix comprises one or more of epoxy resin, phenylpropyl resin, acrylic resin and alkyd resin.

6. Use according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the zinc sulfide-based fluorescent powder and the resin is 1:1-8.

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