A carbon dioxide separation and purification process

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide separation and purification, in particular to a carbon dioxide separation and purification process, comprising the following steps: carbon dioxide separation: passing mixed gas into an exchange box, putting appropriate amount of organic solvent into the exchange box, using the pressure and temperature between alternate carbon dioxide and organic solvent to absorb carbon dioxide, thereby separating carbon dioxide; through the structural design of the scraper, when the filter screen plate has been used for a long time and a large amount of dust is attached to its surface and is difficult to clean, the motor is started, the motor drives the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft drives the second rotating shaft to rotate through the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the second rotating shaft drives the scraper to rotate, the scraper cleans the filter screen plate, scrapes off the dust, the dust falls into the ash box, the dust is collected, the function of quickly and conveniently collecting the dust on the filter screen plate is realized, and the problem that the existing absorption tower is inconvenient to clean the filter screen is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon dioxide separation and purification technology, specifically a carbon dioxide separation and purification process. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas at room temperature. It has many industrial applications. In the process of treating waste gas containing carbon dioxide, in order to prevent excessive waste gas from being discharged into the external environment and thus enhancing the greenhouse effect, the carbon dioxide in the waste gas is now separated and purified. This separation and purification requires the use of an absorption tower.

[0003] Existing absorption towers have structures such as inlet pipes, outlet pipes, and filter screens. Waste gas enters the absorption tower through the inlet pipe, and the filter screen in the inlet pipe filters the waste gas, removing dust and impurities. Chemical agents are placed inside the absorption tower, which can absorb carbon dioxide from the waste gas.

[0004] However, existing absorption towers are inconvenient to clean the filter screens, which accumulate a lot of dust and impurities after prolonged use. Furthermore, the contact time between the chemical reagents and the waste gas in current absorption towers is relatively short, resulting in a short reaction time between the carbon dioxide in the waste gas and the chemical reagents. Therefore, a carbon dioxide separation and purification process is proposed to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the inconvenience of cleaning filters in current absorption towers, the accumulation of dust and impurities on filters after prolonged use, and the short contact time between chemical reagents and waste gas in current absorption towers, this invention proposes a carbon dioxide separation and purification process.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a carbon dioxide separation and purification process according to this invention, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Carbon dioxide separation: The mixed gas is introduced into the exchange chamber, and an appropriate amount of organic solvent is placed in the exchange chamber. The carbon dioxide is absorbed by the pressure and temperature between the alternating carbon dioxide and organic solvent, thereby separating the carbon dioxide.

[0008] S2: The separated carbon dioxide is put into the absorption tower. The carbon dioxide reacts with the chemical solvent in the absorption tower, causing the carbon dioxide to enter the solvent. The resulting rich liquid is introduced into the desorption tower. After heating, decomposition, absorption and desorption, the separated carbon dioxide is obtained. The carbon dioxide gas passes through the membrane material to obtain the finally separated carbon dioxide.

[0009] S3: Chemical purification of carbon dioxide: The carbon dioxide obtained in step S2 is placed in a desulfurization tower. Under the catalytic action of the desulfurizing agent, carbonyl sulfur is hydrolyzed into hydrogen sulfide. At this time, the hydrogen sulfide in the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen sulfide generated by hydrolysis react with oxygen to generate elemental sulfur, which is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon inside the desulfurization tower.

[0010] S4: Catalytic combustion: Carbon dioxide is placed in a dehydrocarbonization tower, where the combustible gas components in the carbon dioxide are catalytically oxidized into carbon dioxide and hydrogen dioxide. During catalytic combustion, total hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen are removed from the carbon dioxide. The purified carbon dioxide is then dried in a drying tower.

[0011] S5: Removal of water, oxygen, and nitrogen impurities: First, nitrogen impurities in carbon dioxide are removed by distillation equipment. Then, carbon dioxide is placed in a deoxygenation tower, where the remaining oxygen is removed by a high-efficiency deoxygenation catalyst made of precious metals, thus completing the chemical purification process of carbon dioxide.

[0012] S6: Physical purification of carbon dioxide: The chemically purified carbon dioxide is placed in a pressure transformer cylinder, and an adsorbent is placed inside the cylinder. The pressure inside the cylinder is increased to separate the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide. Then the pressure inside the cylinder is decreased to regenerate the adsorbent. The pressure inside the cylinder is increased again to separate the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide again. The above steps are repeated to continuously increase and decrease the pressure in the pressure transformer cylinder, so as to achieve multiple separations of the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide and multiple uses of the adsorbent. After purification, the carbon dioxide is injected into a sealed container for storage.

[0013] Preferably, the absorption tower in S2 includes an absorption tower body, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe connected to the absorption tower body, and a liquid outlet pipe connected to the absorption tower body for discharging the solution from the absorption tower body. A filter screen is fixed inside the inlet pipe for filtering dust and impurities in the gas. Five inclined plates are fixed inside the absorption tower body, with the lowest inclined plate located above the bottom end of the inlet pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe, a motor is fixedly connected to the support frame, a first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the air intake pipe through a bearing, a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the first rotating shaft, a horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air intake pipe, a second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the horizontal plate through a bearing, a second bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft, the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear, and a scraper is fixedly connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft, the scraper being in close contact with the filter screen.

[0015] Preferably, the air inlet pipe has a rectangular opening, and an ash discharge box is connected and fixed to the air inlet pipe. A first magnetic pad is fixed to the bottom of the ash discharge box, and a box cover is provided below the ash discharge box. A second magnetic pad is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the box cover, and the second magnetic pad and the first magnetic pad attract and contact each other.

[0016] Preferably, a circular plate is fixed to one end of the first rotating shaft, two fixed posts are fixed to the circular plate, a fixed plate is fixed to the intake pipe, a guide post is slidably inserted into the fixed plate, a square plate is fixed to the bottom end of the guide post, an arc-shaped block is fixed to the bottom of the square plate, the arc-shaped block is located on the trajectory of the fixed post rotating around the first rotating shaft, a spring is fixed between the top of the square plate and the bottom of the fixed plate, the spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide post, a connecting plate is fixed to the top of the guide post, a vertical rod is fixed to the top of the connecting plate, and a rack is fixed to the top of the vertical rod. A third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the main body of the absorption tower via bearings. A circular gear is fixed to one end of the third rotating shaft, and the circular gear meshes with a rack. A third bevel gear is fixed to the other end of the third rotating shaft. A rotating column is rotatably connected to the inclined plate via bearings. A fourth bevel gear is fixed to the top of the rotating column, and the fourth bevel gear meshes with the third bevel gear. Five rotating plates are fixed to the surface of the rotating column. The rotating plates are located below the corresponding inclined plates. Two connecting rods are rotatably connected to the rotating plates via pins. A push plate is rotatably connected to one end of each connecting rod via a pin.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of triangular blocks are fixed to the bottom of each inclined plate, the triangular blocks are evenly distributed at the bottom of the inclined plate, and the corners of the triangular blocks are relatively sharp.

[0018] Preferably, the fixing plate has a first circular hole, and the guide post slides through the first circular hole.

[0019] Preferably, a guide rod is fixedly connected inside the main body of the absorption tower, and a second circular hole is opened at both ends of the push plate, through which the guide rod passes.

[0020] The advantages of this invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention, through the structural design of the scraper, addresses the issue of dust accumulation on the filter screen after prolonged use, which is difficult to clean. The motor drives a first rotating shaft, which in turn drives a second rotating shaft via a first and second bevel gear. The second shaft then rotates the scraper, which cleans the filter screen, removing the dust that falls into the dust collection box. This method achieves quick and convenient dust collection from the filter screen, solving the problem of inconvenient cleaning of the filter screen in existing absorption towers.

[0022] 2. This invention, through the structural design of the push plate, allows the first rotating shaft to drive the circular plate and fixed column to rotate during the cleaning process of the filter screen by the motor-driven scraper. The fixed column can drive the arc-shaped block and square plate to move upward, compressing the spring. The arc-shaped block can drive the vertical rod and rack to move upward. When the fixed column and the arc-shaped block are not in contact, under the action of the spring, the arc-shaped block drives the rack to move downward, causing the rack to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The rack drives the rotating column to rotate through the circular gear and the third rotating shaft. The rotating column drives the two push plates to move to both sides through the rotating plate and the connecting rod. The push handle can push the chemical agent in the absorption tower, causing the chemical agent to break the waste gas bubbles and fully contact and react with the waste gas, thus realizing the function of fully contacting the chemical agent with the waste gas and solving the problem of short contact time between the chemical agent and the waste gas in the current absorption tower. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the desulfurization tower of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Frontal view of the diagram;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the intake pipe of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ash discharge box structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Absorption tower body; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Outlet pipe; 4. Filter screen; 5. Inclined plate; 6. Support frame; 7. Motor; 8. First rotating shaft; 9. First bevel gear; 10. Horizontal plate; 11. Second rotating shaft; 12. Second bevel gear; 13. Scraper; 14. Ash discharge box; 15. First magnetic pad; 16. Box cover; 17. Second magnetic pad; 18. Circular plate; 19. Fixed column; 20. Fixed plate; 21. Guide column; 22. Square plate; 23. Arc block; 24. Spring; 25. Connecting plate; 26. Vertical rod; 27. Rack; 28. Third rotating shaft; 29. ​​Circular gear; 30. Third bevel gear; 31. Rotating column; 32. Fourth bevel gear; 33. Rotating plate; 34. Connecting rod; 35. Push plate; 36. Triangular block; 37. First circular hole; 38. Guide rod; 39. Second circular hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-7 As shown, a carbon dioxide separation and purification process includes the following steps:

[0034] S1: Carbon dioxide separation: The mixed gas is introduced into the exchange chamber, and an appropriate amount of organic solvent is placed in the exchange chamber. The carbon dioxide is absorbed by the pressure and temperature between the alternating carbon dioxide and organic solvent, thereby separating the carbon dioxide.

[0035] S2: The separated carbon dioxide is put into the absorption tower. The carbon dioxide reacts with the chemical solvent in the absorption tower, causing the carbon dioxide to enter the solvent. The resulting rich liquid is introduced into the desorption tower. After heating, decomposition, absorption and desorption, the separated carbon dioxide is obtained. The carbon dioxide gas passes through the membrane material to obtain the finally separated carbon dioxide.

[0036] S3: Chemical purification of carbon dioxide: The carbon dioxide obtained in step S2 is placed in a desulfurization tower. Under the catalytic action of the desulfurizing agent, carbonyl sulfur is hydrolyzed into hydrogen sulfide. At this time, the hydrogen sulfide in the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen sulfide generated by hydrolysis react with oxygen to generate elemental sulfur, which is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon inside the desulfurization tower.

[0037] S4: Catalytic combustion: Carbon dioxide is placed in a dehydrocarbonization tower, where the combustible gas components in the carbon dioxide are catalytically oxidized into carbon dioxide and hydrogen dioxide. During catalytic combustion, total hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen are removed from the carbon dioxide. The purified carbon dioxide is then dried in a drying tower.

[0038] S5: Removal of water, oxygen, and nitrogen impurities: First, nitrogen impurities in carbon dioxide are removed by distillation equipment. Then, carbon dioxide is placed in a deoxygenation tower, where the remaining oxygen is removed by a high-efficiency deoxygenation catalyst made of precious metals, thus completing the chemical purification process of carbon dioxide.

[0039] S6: Physical purification of carbon dioxide: The chemically purified carbon dioxide is placed in a pressure transformer cylinder, and an adsorbent is placed inside the cylinder. The pressure inside the cylinder is increased to separate the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide. Then the pressure inside the cylinder is decreased to regenerate the adsorbent. The pressure inside the cylinder is increased again to separate the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide again. The above steps are repeated to continuously increase and decrease the pressure in the pressure transformer cylinder, so as to achieve multiple separations of the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide and multiple uses of the adsorbent. After purification, the carbon dioxide is injected into a sealed container for storage.

[0040] The absorption tower in S2 includes an absorption tower body 1, an inlet pipe 2, a filter plate 4, and an inclined plate 5. The inlet pipe 2 and an outlet pipe 3 are fixedly connected to the absorption tower body 1, allowing waste gas containing carbon dioxide to enter the absorption tower body 1 through the inlet pipe 2. The absorption tower body 1 contains a suitable amount of chemical reagent, which can absorb carbon dioxide from the waste gas. A one-way valve is installed on the inlet pipe 2 to prevent the chemical reagent from escaping. A liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the absorption tower body 1 to discharge the solution from the absorption tower body 1. The filter plate 4 is fixedly connected inside the inlet pipe 2, and the filter plate 4 is used for… Dust and impurities in the filtered gas are filtered out by the filter screen 4 during the process of the exhaust gas entering the main body 1 of the absorption tower. Five inclined plates 5 are fixed inside the main body 1 of the absorption tower. The lowest inclined plate 5 is located above the bottom end of the air inlet pipe 2. The exhaust gas enters the chemical agent in the main body 1 of the absorption tower. The chemical agent absorbs the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas and separates the carbon dioxide from other gases in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas escapes upward in the chemical agent in the form of bubbles. Guided by the multiple inclined plates 5, it gradually escapes upward. The setting of multiple inclined plates 5 can prolong the contact time between the chemical agent and the exhaust gas, so that the chemical agent can fully absorb carbon dioxide.

[0041] A support frame 6 is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe 2, and a motor 7 is fixedly connected to the support frame 6. A first rotating shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 7. When the motor 7 is started, the motor 7 drives the first rotating shaft 8 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the air intake pipe 2 through a bearing. A first bevel gear 9 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first rotating shaft 8. A horizontal plate 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air intake pipe 2. A second rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the horizontal plate 10 through a bearing. A second bevel gear 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft 11. The second bevel gear 12 meshes with the first bevel gear 9. The first rotating shaft 8 drives the first bevel gear 9 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 9 drives the second bevel gear 12 and the second rotating shaft 11 to rotate. A scraper 13 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft 11. The scraper 13 is in close contact with the filter screen 4. The second rotating shaft 11 drives the scraper 13 to rotate, and the scraper 13 can clean the filter screen 4 and remove the dust attached to the filter screen 4.

[0042] A rectangular opening is provided on the air intake pipe 2, and an ash discharge box 14 is connected and fixed to the air intake pipe 2. A first magnetic pad 15 is fixed to the bottom of the ash discharge box 14, and a box cover 16 is provided below the ash discharge box 14. A second magnetic pad 17 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the box cover 16. The second magnetic pad 17 and the first magnetic pad 15 attract and contact each other. Since the filter screen plate 4 is set at an angle, dust and impurities will fall to the bottom of the filter screen plate 4 and fall into the ash discharge box 14. When there is a lot of dust in the ash discharge box 14, the box cover 16 can be pulled down directly to clean the ash discharge box 14, and then the box cover 16 can be closed by the first magnetic pad 15 and the second magnetic pad 17.

[0043] A circular plate 18 is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating shaft 8. Two fixed posts 19 are fixedly connected to the circular plate 18. The motor 7 can also drive the circular plate 18 and the two fixed posts 19 to rotate through the first rotating shaft 8. A fixed plate 20 is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe 2. A guide post 21 is slidably inserted into the fixed plate 20. A square plate 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide post 21. An arc-shaped block 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the square plate 22. The arc-shaped block 23 is located on the movement trajectory of the fixed post 19 rotating around the first rotating shaft 8. The rotation of the fixed post 19 can compress the arc-shaped block 23 to move upward. The arc-shaped block 23 drives the square plate 22 and the guide post 21 to move upward. A spring 24 is fixed between the top of the guide post 21 and the bottom of the fixed plate 20. The spring 24 is sleeved on the outside of the guide post 21. A connecting plate 25 is fixed to the top of the guide post 21. A vertical rod 26 is fixed to the top of the connecting plate 25. A rack 27 is fixed to the top of the vertical rod 26. When the spring 24 is compressed, the guide post 21 drives the connecting plate 25 and the vertical rod 26 to move upward. The vertical rod 26 drives the rack 27 to move upward. When the fixed post 19 is not in contact with the arc-shaped block 23, under the action of the spring 24, the arc-shaped block 23 suddenly moves downward. The arc-shaped block 23 drives the rack 27 to move downward. As the fixed post 19 rotates, the rack 27 can move vertically. The absorption tower body 1 is rotatably connected to a third rotating shaft 28 via bearings. A circular gear 29 is fixed to one end of the third rotating shaft 28, meshing with a rack 27. The rack 27 drives the circular gear 29 and the third rotating shaft 28 to rotate back and forth. A third bevel gear 30 is fixed to the other end of the third rotating shaft 28. A rotating column 31 is rotatably connected to the inclined plate 5 via bearings. A fourth bevel gear 32 is fixed to the top of the rotating column 31, meshing with the third bevel gear 30. The third rotating shaft 28 drives the rotating column 31 to rotate via the third bevel gear 30 and the fourth bevel gear 32. Five rotating plates 33 are fixedly attached to the surface of column 31. The rotating plates 33 are respectively located below the corresponding inclined plates 5. Two connecting rods 34 are rotatably connected to the rotating plates 33 by pins. One end of the connecting rods 34 is rotatably connected to a push plate 35 by a pin. The rotating column 31 drives the rotating plates 33 to rotate. The rotating plates 33 drive the push plates 35 on both sides to reciprocate through the two connecting rods 34. The push plates 35 can push the chemical agent in the absorption tower body 1 back and forth, so that the chemical agent can hit the waste gas bubbles onto the triangular block 36. The bubbles will break into multiple small bubbles, increasing the contact area between the waste gas and the chemical agent, so that the chemical agent can fully absorb carbon dioxide.

[0044] Multiple triangular blocks 36 are fixed to the bottom of each inclined plate 5. The triangular blocks 36 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the inclined plate 5, and the corners of the triangular blocks 36 are relatively sharp. The push plate 35 can push the chemical agent in the absorption tower body 1 back and forth, so that the chemical agent can knock the waste gas bubbles onto the triangular blocks 36, and the bubbles will break into multiple small bubbles, thereby increasing the contact area between the waste gas and the chemical agent.

[0045] The fixing plate 20 has a first circular hole 37. The guide post 21 slides through the first circular hole 37. During the movement of the arc block 23, the guide post 21 slides in the first circular hole 37, limiting the arc block 23 in the vertical direction.

[0046] The absorption tower body 1 is fixedly connected with a guide rod 38. The push plate 35 has a second round hole 39 at both ends. The guide rod 38 passes through the second round hole 39. During the movement of the push plate 35, the push plate 35 slides on the guide rod 38 through the second round hole 39, limiting the push plate 35 in the horizontal direction.

[0047] Working Principle: During operation, waste gas containing carbon dioxide is introduced into the absorption tower body 1 through inlet pipe 2. The absorption tower body 1 contains a suitable amount of chemical reagent, which absorbs the carbon dioxide in the waste gas. A one-way valve is installed on inlet pipe 2 to prevent the chemical reagent from escaping. During the process of the waste gas entering the absorption tower body 1, dust and impurities in the waste gas are filtered out by the filter screen 4 and cannot pass through. The waste gas then enters the chemical reagent within the absorption tower body 1, where it absorbs the carbon dioxide, separating it from other gases in the waste gas. The waste gas escapes upwards in a bubble-like manner within the chemical reagent, gradually rising upwards after being guided by multiple inclined plates 5. The multiple inclined plates 5 extend the contact time between the chemical agent and the exhaust gas, allowing the chemical agent to fully absorb carbon dioxide. Simultaneously, the motor 7 is activated, driving the first rotating shaft 8 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 8 drives the first bevel gear 9 to rotate, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 12 and the second rotating shaft 11 to rotate. The second rotating shaft 11 drives the scraper 13 to rotate, cleaning the filter screen 4 and removing dust. Because the filter screen 4 is inclined, dust and impurities fall to the bottom of the filter screen 4 and into the ash discharge box 14. When there is a large amount of dust in the ash discharge box 14, it is directly pulled... The lower cover 16 allows for cleaning of the ash discharge box 14. The cover 16 is then sealed using the first magnetic pad 15 and the second magnetic pad 17. The motor 7 can also drive the circular plate 18 and two fixed posts 19 to rotate via the first rotating shaft 8. The rotation of the fixed posts 19 compresses the arc-shaped block 23, causing it to move upwards. The arc-shaped block 23 drives the square plate 22 and guide post 21 to move upwards, compressing the spring 24. The guide post 21 then drives the connecting plate 25 and vertical rod 26 to move upwards, and the vertical rod 26 drives the rack 27 to move upwards. When the fixed post 19 is not in contact with the arc-shaped block 23, under the action of the spring 24, the arc-shaped block 23 suddenly moves downwards, causing the rack 27 to move downwards. The rotation of the fixed column 19 causes the rack 27 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The rack 27 drives the circular gear 29 and the third rotating shaft 28 to rotate back and forth. The third rotating shaft 28 drives the rotating column 31 to rotate through the third bevel gear 30 and the fourth bevel gear 32. The rotating column 31 drives the rotating plate 33 to rotate. The rotating plate 33 drives the push plates 35 on both sides to reciprocate through the two connecting rods 34. The push plates 35 can push the chemical agent in the absorption tower body 1 back and forth, so that the chemical agent can hit the waste gas bubbles onto the triangular block 36. The bubbles will break into multiple small bubbles, increasing the contact area between the waste gas and the chemical agent, so that the chemical agent can fully absorb carbon dioxide.

[0048] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide separation and purification process, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Carbon dioxide separation: The mixed gas is introduced into the exchange chamber, and an appropriate amount of organic solvent is placed in the exchange chamber. The carbon dioxide is absorbed by the pressure and temperature between the alternating carbon dioxide and organic solvent, thereby separating the carbon dioxide. S2: The separated carbon dioxide is put into the absorption tower. The carbon dioxide reacts with the chemical solvent in the absorption tower, causing the carbon dioxide to enter the solvent. The resulting rich liquid is introduced into the desorption tower. After heating, decomposition, absorption and desorption, the separated carbon dioxide is obtained. The carbon dioxide gas passes through the membrane material to obtain the finally separated carbon dioxide. S3: Chemical purification of carbon dioxide: The carbon dioxide obtained in step S2 is placed in a desulfurization tower. Under the catalytic action of the desulfurizing agent, carbonyl sulfur is hydrolyzed into hydrogen sulfide. At this time, the hydrogen sulfide in the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen sulfide generated by hydrolysis react with oxygen to generate elemental sulfur, which is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon inside the desulfurization tower. S4: Catalytic combustion: Carbon dioxide is placed in a dehydrocarbonization tower, where the combustible gas components in the carbon dioxide are catalytically oxidized into carbon dioxide and hydrogen dioxide. During catalytic combustion, total hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen are removed from the carbon dioxide. The purified carbon dioxide is then dried in a drying tower. S5: Removal of water, oxygen, and nitrogen impurities: First, nitrogen impurities in carbon dioxide are removed by distillation equipment. Then, carbon dioxide is placed in a deoxygenation tower, where the remaining oxygen is removed by a high-efficiency deoxygenation catalyst made of precious metals, thus completing the chemical purification process of carbon dioxide. S6: Physical purification of carbon dioxide: The chemically purified carbon dioxide is placed in a pressure transformer cylinder, and an adsorbent is placed inside the cylinder. The pressure inside the cylinder is increased to separate the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide. Then the pressure inside the cylinder is decreased to regenerate the adsorbent. The pressure inside the cylinder is increased again to separate the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide again. The above steps are repeated to continuously increase and decrease the pressure in the pressure transformer cylinder, so as to achieve multiple separations of the mixed gas in the carbon dioxide and multiple uses of the adsorbent. After purification, the carbon dioxide is injected into a sealed container for storage. The absorption tower in S2 includes an absorption tower body (1), an inlet pipe (2) is connected and fixed to the absorption tower body (1), an outlet pipe (3) is connected and fixed to the absorption tower body (1), and a liquid outlet pipe is connected and fixed to the absorption tower body (1). The liquid outlet pipe is used to discharge the solution in the absorption tower body (1). A filter screen plate (4) is fixed inside the inlet pipe (2). The filter screen plate (4) is used to filter dust and impurities in the gas. Five inclined plates (5) are fixed inside the absorption tower body (1). The lowest inclined plate (5) is located above the bottom end of the inlet pipe (2). A support frame (6) is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe (2), and a motor (7) is fixedly connected to the support frame (6). The output shaft of the motor (7) is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft (8). The first rotating shaft (8) is rotatably connected to the air intake pipe (2) through a bearing. A first bevel gear (9) is fixedly connected to the surface of the first rotating shaft (8). A horizontal plate (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air intake pipe (2). A second rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the horizontal plate (10) through a bearing. A second bevel gear (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft (11). The second bevel gear (12) meshes with the first bevel gear (9). A scraper (13) is fixedly connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft (11). The scraper (13) is in close contact with the filter screen plate (4). The air inlet pipe (2) has a rectangular opening, and an ash discharge box (14) is connected and fixed to the air inlet pipe (2). A first magnetic pad (15) is fixed to the bottom of the ash discharge box (14), and a box cover (16) is provided below the ash discharge box (14). A second magnetic pad (17) is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the box cover (16), and the second magnetic pad (17) and the first magnetic pad (15) attract and contact each other. A circular plate (18) is fixed to one end of the first rotating shaft (8). Two fixed posts (19) are fixed to the circular plate (18). A fixed plate (20) is fixed to the air intake pipe (2). A guide post (21) is slidably inserted on the fixed plate (20). A square plate (22) is fixed to the bottom end of the guide post (21). An arc-shaped block (23) is fixed to the bottom of the square plate (22). The arc-shaped block (23) is located on the motion trajectory of the fixed post (19) rotating around the first rotating shaft (8). A spring (24) is fixed between the top of the square plate (22) and the bottom of the fixed plate (20). The spring (24) is sleeved on the outside of the guide post (21). A connecting plate (25) is fixed to the top of the guide post (21). A vertical rod (26) is fixed to the top of the connecting plate (25). A rack is fixed to the top of the vertical rod (26). 27), the main body (1) of the absorption tower is rotatably connected to a third rotating shaft (28) via a bearing. One end of the third rotating shaft (28) is fixedly connected to a circular gear (29), which meshes with a rack (27). The other end of the third rotating shaft (28) is fixedly connected to a third bevel gear (30). The inclined plate (5) is rotatably connected to a rotating column (31) via a bearing. The top of the rotating column (31) is fixedly connected to a fourth bevel gear (32), which meshes with the third bevel gear (30). Five rotating plates (33) are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating column (31). The rotating plates (33) are located below the corresponding inclined plate (5). Two connecting rods (34) are rotatably connected to the rotating plates (33) via pins. One end of the connecting rods (34) is rotatably connected to a push plate (35) via a pin.

2. The carbon dioxide separation and purification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple triangular blocks (36) are fixed to the bottom of each inclined plate (5). The triangular blocks (36) are evenly distributed at the bottom of the inclined plate (5), and the corners of the triangular blocks (36) are relatively sharp.

3. The carbon dioxide separation and purification process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing plate (20) has a first circular hole (37), and the guide post (21) slides through the first circular hole (37).

4. The carbon dioxide separation and purification process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The absorption tower body (1) is fixedly connected with a guide rod (38), and the push plate (35) has a second round hole (39) at both ends, through which the guide rod (38) passes.

Images