Prefabricated detachable lumbar support structure and its usage method

Abstract

This invention provides a prefabricated, detachable lumbar support structure and its usage method. It includes a main support block with a circular structure composed of multiple steel pipes, hinged end-to-end. Adjacent steel pipes are connected by an adjustment device. A tightening device is provided on the outer ring of the steel pipes, extending outwards. The ends of multiple tightening devices rest against the load-bearing steel plate of the foundation pit support. A pressure sensor is installed between the load-bearing steel plate and the tightening device. The main support block, tightening device, and circular adjustment device are primarily connected by hinges or threaded sleeves, facilitating installation, dismantling, and replacement, and allowing for reuse. This effectively shortens the construction period for installing and dismantling internal support structures in foundation pits requiring sufficient hoisting space. It can be used in urban construction projects with tight deadlines, high dewatering requirements, and strict foundation pit deformation control, where sufficient hoisting space is required for supported foundation pit excavations, and has high potential for widespread application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep foundation pit construction technology, and in particular to a prefabricated detachable lumbar support structure and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, reinforced concrete supports and steel supports are widely used in situations requiring sufficient hoisting space, where it is impossible to install supporting shafts, and in circular foundation pits. Comparing their advantages and disadvantages reveals that reinforced concrete supports offer good cross-sectional stability, high stiffness, small overall deformation, and effective soil confinement between piles. However, they have a long curing time, cannot be reused, require significant dismantling work, and carry higher safety risks during dismantling. While steel supports are easy to dismantle and can be reused, their stability depends on assembly quality, they have low stiffness, and experience large overall deformation. Neither type of support structure adequately meets the requirements for construction progress, cost, safety, and quality in engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a prefabricated detachable lumbar support structure and its usage method, which solves the problems of long curing time, non-reusability, large amount of dismantling work, and high safety risks during dismantling of reinforced concrete supports.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a prefabricated detachable waist beam support structure, including a main support block with a circular structure composed of multiple steel pipes. The main support block with a circular structure is formed by multiple steel pipes hinged end to end. Two adjacent steel pipes are also connected by an adjustment device. A tightening device is also provided on the outer ring of the steel pipe. The tightening device can extend outward. The ends of multiple tightening devices rest on the stress-bearing steel plate of the foundation pit support. A pressure sensor is provided between the stress-bearing steel plate and the tightening device.

[0005] In the preferred embodiment, the structure of the clamping device is as follows: bearing seats are provided at both ends of the sliding groove steel plate, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the two bearing seats, the adjusting screw is provided with two sections of thread with opposite directions of rotation, the adjusting screw is provided with two adjusting nuts, the adjusting nuts are respectively threadedly connected to the two sections of thread, and the adjusting nuts are hinged with connecting rods, the ends of the two connecting rods are hinged to the clamping steel plate;

[0006] Rotating the adjusting nut drives two adjusting nuts, causing the two connecting rods to push the top plate outward.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, the lower ends of the two adjusting nuts are slidably connected to the grooves of the sliding steel plate.

[0008] A bearing is provided between the bearing housing and the adjusting screw.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, the lower surface of the top-load steel plate is also provided with an adjustment groove, one end of the balance rod is slidably connected to the adjustment groove, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the connecting rod.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the end of the balance rod is provided with a locking nut, which passes through the end of the balance rod and the adjusting groove and is threadedly connected to the locking bolt. The rod body of the locking nut is slidably connected to the adjusting groove.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, the steel pipe has an arc-shaped structure, and the sliding steel plate of the tightening device is fixed to the steel pipe by multiple nuts. The two ends of the steel pipe are provided with hinged ends that can match each other, and the two steel pipes are hinged together by pins.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the inner ring of the steel pipe is provided with a locking tenon, and both ends of the adjusting device are respectively connected to the locking tenons of the adjacent steel pipes;

[0013] The adjustment device is used to adjust the angle between adjacent steel pipes so that the main support block forms a circular structure.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the inside of the steel pipe is filled with concrete, and the inside of the steel pipe is also equipped with multiple inwardly extending shearing devices.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, the structure of the adjusting device is as follows: it includes two threaded rods with opposite thread directions, and the two threaded rods are threadedly connected to the sleeve.

[0016] The threaded rod end is also provided with a U-shaped connector, which is connected to the locking tenon on the steel pipe by a pin.

[0017] A scale is also provided on the threaded rod.

[0018] The method includes:

[0019] S1. Excavate the foundation pit to the design elevation of the main support bottom. Clean the foundation pit wall at the main support location to expose the support piles. Then, use rebar or other effective measures to pre-embed and fix the load-bearing steel plate on the foundation pit support.

[0020] S2. Then clean and compact the bottom of the main support ring of the foundation pit, hoist the pre-processed main support block into the foundation pit and connect it into a ring with pins, install the adjustment device on the locking tenon, and rotate the sleeve to make the exposed scale length of the threaded rod on each adjustment device consistent.

[0021] S3. Then assemble the clamping device, connect the top force steel plate to the load-bearing steel plate, and place a pressure sensor between them. The sliding groove steel plate is welded to the main support block steel pipe or connected by nuts.

[0022] S4. Finally, rotate the adjusting screw to apply a jacking force between the main support block and the load-bearing steel plate by the jacking device until the pressure sensor between the jacking steel plate and the load-bearing steel plate shows that the pressure has reached the required level.

[0023] S5. Finally, one end of an inclined steel bar is connected to the hoisting hole on the main support block, and the other end is welded firmly to the vertical main bar on the bored pile of the foundation pit support structure. Only after the main support can be hoisted on the support pile can the next section of the foundation pit be excavated. When the foundation pit has multiple main supports, repeat the above steps.

[0024] S6. When removing the main support, first remove the jacking force on the jacking device, then remove the adjusting device and the hinge pins on the hinged end of the main support block. At this time, there is no connection between the main support blocks, and the main support is suspended on the support pile by the inclined bars.

[0025] S7. Connect the main support block to be removed to the hook and apply force. At the same time, cut the diagonal ribs on the corresponding main support block. Then remove the main support block from the beginning until all the main support blocks are removed. Since the main support block is relatively light, it can be lifted and stabilized by the tension of the diagonal ribs alone, so safety can be guaranteed during removal.

[0026] This invention provides a prefabricated detachable lumbar beam support structure and its usage method. The advantages of this invention are:

[0027] 1. The main support block is a steel-concrete composite block, using steel pipes as the outer mold and concrete poured inside. Shearing devices are installed inside the steel pipes to ensure a tight seal between the steel pipes and the concrete. The main support block can be prefabricated, saving construction time. Compared to reinforced concrete supports and steel supports, it has greater rigidity, smaller overall deformation, lighter weight, reliable structural strength, is reusable, and easy to install and dismantle, reducing construction costs and ensuring hoisting safety.

[0028] 2. The support blocks are connected by pin hinges, which allows for some adaptability to the shape of the excavated pit. When the ellipticity of the pit is insufficient, the extension or shortening adjustment device can be used to open or retract the main support block along the hinge point, so that the main support block can fit closely to the wall of the excavated pit.

[0029] 3. After adjusting the shape of the main support, lock it using the true circle retaining device. The sleeve of the true circle retaining device has a scale. When it is necessary for the main support to remain round, simply ensure that the exposed scale length of the sleeve on the true circle retaining device is consistent.

[0030] 4. The components that make up the main support block, the clamping device and the true circle adjustment device are basically connected by hinges or threaded sleeves. The components can be reused during use and are easy to replace when damaged or deformed.

[0031] 5. The tightening device uses compression to transfer loads between the main support, which is fixed in a ring, and the foundation pit support piles. The tightening device is also adaptable to the shape of the excavated foundation pit, serving as a second layer of protection to ensure uniform stress distribution between the main support and the foundation pit support structure. The extension length of each tightening device can be different, which can solve the problem of inconsistent spacing between the support piles and the main support caused by insufficient verticality or pile position deviation.

[0032] 6. A stress monitoring device is embedded between the top steel plate of the jacking device and the load-bearing steel plate on the support piles to monitor the jacking force between the main support structure and the support structure. During the installation of the main support structure, the pressure test data of each jacking device should be consistent. During the use of the main support structure, monitoring the changes in pressure data of each stress monitoring device can help determine when to adjust the jacking device, ensuring uniform stress between the main support structure and the support piles, and also monitoring the deformation and stress of the foundation pit.

[0033] 7. The internal support structure designed in this invention is applicable to circular structures, but not limited to circular foundation pits. It can also be applied to regular polygonal, petal-shaped, and oval foundation pits by using a true circle adjustment device and a tightening device.

[0034] This invention combines the advantages and disadvantages of steel support structures and reinforced concrete support structures, effectively meeting the requirements of cost, safety, and quality in construction projects. It also significantly shortens the construction period for installing and dismantling internal support structures in foundation pits requiring sufficient hoisting space. It can be used for excavating supported circular foundation pits in urban areas with tight deadlines, high dewatering requirements, and strict control over pit deformation, and has high potential for widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall support and abutment structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping device of the present invention abutting against the stressed steel plate;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steel pipe of the main support block of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a simplified structural diagram of the clamping device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the balance rod of the clamping device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a side view of the installation of the balance tie rod of the clamping device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment device of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Tightening device; 101. Top-load steel plate; 102. Connecting rod; 103. Adjusting nut; 104. Adjusting screw; 105. Bearing; 106. Slide rail steel plate; 107. Adjusting slide rail; 108. Balance rod; 109. Locking nut; 110. Locking bolt; 111. Main support block; 2. Steel pipe; 201. Filling concrete; 202. Shearing device; 203. Hinge end; 204. Locking tenon; 205. Pin; 206. Adjusting device; 3. Threaded rod; 301. Sleeve; 302. Scale; 303. Connector; 304. Pit support; 4. Load-bearing steel plate; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a prefabricated detachable waist beam support structure includes a main support block 2 with a circular structure composed of multiple steel pipes 201. The main support block 2 with the multiple steel pipes 201 are hinged end to end. Two adjacent steel pipes 201 are also connected by an adjustment device 3. The outer ring of the steel pipes 201 is also provided with a tightening device 1. The tightening device 1 can extend outward. The ends of the multiple tightening devices 1 rest against the load-bearing steel plate 5 of the foundation pit support 4. A pressure sensor 6 is provided between the load-bearing steel plate 5 and the tightening device 1.

[0047] It includes a main support block 2, a clamping device 1, and a true circle adjustment device 3. The main support blocks 2 are assembled into a main support by hinges. The true circle adjustment device 3 on the inner side can lock the hinge point and adjust the shape of the main support. The clamping device 1 on the outer side can transfer the force on the support structure to the main support.

[0048] In the preferred embodiment, the structure of the tightening device 1 is as follows: Bearing seats 106 are provided at both ends of the sliding steel plate 107; an adjusting screw 104 is rotatably connected to the two bearing seats 106; the adjusting screw 104 has two sections of thread with opposite directions of rotation; two adjusting nuts 103 are provided on the adjusting screw 104, and the adjusting nuts 103 are threadedly connected to the two sections of thread respectively; connecting rods 102 are hinged to the adjusting nuts 103, and the ends of the two connecting rods 102 are hinged to the lifting steel plate 101; rotating the adjusting nuts 103 drives the two adjusting nuts 103, causing the two connecting rods 102 to push the lifting steel plate 101 outward. The lower ends of the two adjusting nuts 103 are slidably connected to the sliding groove of the sliding steel plate 107; a bearing 105 is provided between the bearing seats 106 and the adjusting screw 104.

[0049] The tightening device 1 applies a tightening force between the main support block 2, locked by the true circular adjustment device 3, and the load-bearing steel plate 5 on the foundation pit support structure. Its principle is that one end of each of the two connecting rods 102 is hinged to the tightening steel plate 101, and the other end is hinged to two adjusting nuts 104, forming an isosceles triangle. Rotating the adjusting screw 104 causes the adjusting nut 103 to move in the same direction, changing the length of the base of the isosceles triangle. This changes the angle between the hinge points of the tightening steel plate 101, the two connecting rods 102, and the line formed by the two connecting rods 102. Since the length of the two connecting rods 102 in the isosceles triangle remains constant, the projected length of the two connecting rods 102 along the radial direction of the foundation pit changes, thereby tightening the main support and the foundation pit support structure.

[0050] The unique structure of the adjusting screw 104 includes a square end for easy tightening, a bearing end connected to the bearing housing 106, and a symmetrical reverse threaded end connected to the adjusting nut 103, such as... Figure 5-6 As shown, a bearing 105 is provided at the connection with the bearing housing 106. Rotating the adjusting screw 104 causes it to rotate within the bearing housing 106 without relative movement. The thread connecting to the adjusting nut 103 is designed as a symmetrical reverse thread to ensure that rotating the adjusting screw 104 causes the adjusting nut 103 to move in the same direction on the adjusting screw 104, i.e., simultaneously moving face-to-face or back-to-back.

[0051] To ensure uniform jacking force applied by the jacking device 1 to the main support block 2 and the foundation pit support structure, a sliding steel plate 107 is installed between the main support block 2 and the jacking device 1, and a load-bearing steel plate 5 is pre-embedded in the support structure. The bearing seat 106, bearing 105, and adjusting screw 104 on the sliding steel plate 107 are key devices that allow the adjusting nut 103 on the jacking device 1 to move in the same direction to generate jacking force, and at the same time connect the main support block 2 to transfer the load. During the foundation pit excavation process, the load-bearing steel plate 5 is firmly connected to the support piles through rebar or other means. The jacking force applied by the jacking device 1 is evenly transferred to the support structure through the load-bearing steel plate 5. A stress monitoring device is installed between the top plate steel plate 101 and the load-bearing steel plate 5 to monitor the stress condition during jacking, achieving the functions of pressure correction and monitoring.

[0052] In the preferred embodiment, the lower surface of the top-load steel plate 101 is also provided with an adjusting groove 108. One end of the balance rod 109 is slidably connected to the adjusting groove 108, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the connecting rod 102. The function of the balance rod 109 is to ensure that the two connecting rods 102 do not tilt when the top-load steel plate 101 is pushed out. When the angle of the connecting rods 102 changes, the top-load steel plate 101 will tilt. The balance rod 109 can better stabilize the horizontal pushing of the top-load steel plate 101.

[0053] In the preferred embodiment, a locking nut 110 is provided at the end of the balance rod 109. The locking nut 110 passes through the end of the balance rod 109 and the adjusting slide 108 and is threadedly connected to the locking bolt 111. The rod body of the locking nut 110 is slidably connected to the adjusting slide 108. The locking nut 110 is used to lock the position of the balance rod 109 to ensure that the top plate 101 does not tilt.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment, the steel pipe 201 has an arc-shaped structure. The sliding steel plate 107 of the clamping device 1 is fixed to the steel pipe 201 by multiple nuts. Both ends of the steel pipe 201 are provided with mutually matching hinged ends 204. The two steel pipes 201 are hinged together by pins 206. The inner ring of the steel pipe 201 is provided with locking tenons 205. The two ends of the adjusting device 3 are respectively connected to the locking tenons 205 of the adjacent steel pipes 201. The adjusting device 3 is used to adjust the angle change between adjacent steel pipes 201 so that the main support block 2 forms a circular structure. The inside of the steel pipe 201 is filled with concrete 202, and the inside of the steel pipe 201 is also provided with multiple inwardly extending shearing devices 203. The structure of the adjusting device 3 is as follows: it includes two threaded rods 301 with opposite thread directions, and the two threaded rods 301 are threadedly connected to the sleeve 302.

[0055] The threaded rod 301 is also provided with a U-shaped connector 304 at its end. The U-shaped connector 304 is connected to the locking tenon 205 on the steel pipe 201 by a pin. The threaded rod 301 is also provided with a scale 303.

[0056] The main support block 2 should also be provided with lifting holes. The location of the lifting holes needs to be verified according to the design, so they are not shown in the attached drawings. The lifting holes serve two purposes: first, to facilitate the lifting of the main support 2 during installation and removal; and second, to suspend the main support block 2 on the main reinforcement of the support structure through the inclined bars, so as to prevent the main support block 2 from falling when the clamping device 1 is unloaded or when the main support is removed, as it will have neither jacking force nor supporting force.

[0057] The device includes a true circular adjustment device 3 that can adjust the hinge angle between the main support blocks 2 and securely lock the main support conforming to the shape of the foundation pit. The true circular adjustment device 3 consists of two end sleeves 301 and a middle sleeve 302. The sleeves 301 are provided with scales so that the elongation value of the adjustment device itself can be observed. The sleeves 301 have slots and can be connected with the locking tenons 205 on the main support blocks 2 by pins. The sleeves 301 and the sleeve 302 are threaded together to form a telescopic rod.

[0058] The mechanism is that the true circle adjustment device 3 and the two main support blocks 2 are hinged to each other to form a triangular structure. Rotating the sleeve 302 causes the true circle adjustment device 3 to extend or shorten, thereby changing the angle formed by the two main support blocks 2 as the line and the hinge point as the point. The stability of the triangle is used to lock it. In order to ensure that each included angle is consistent, the exposed scale on each sleeve rod 301 is kept the same.

[0059] When the excavation section of the foundation pit is irregular, the shape of the main support can also be slightly adjusted by the true circle adjustment device 3 and the tightening device 1. The method is to adjust the extension length of the true circle adjustment device 3 at the irregular position to make the corresponding main support block 2 retract or extend. If the requirements are still not met, the extension length of the tightening device 1 at the irregular position can be adjusted. Finally, as long as the pressure sensor 6 between the top plate steel plate 101 and the load-bearing steel plate 108 is consistent, it is acceptable.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Further explanation in conjunction with Example 1, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, the foundation pit is excavated to the design elevation of the main support bottom. The foundation pit wall at the main support location is cleaned to expose the support piles. The load-bearing steel plate 5 is pre-embedded and fixed on the foundation pit support 4 by rebar installation or other effective measures.

[0062] Then, clean and compact the bottom of the main support ring around the foundation pit, hoist the pre-processed main support block 2 into the foundation pit and connect it into a ring with pins, install the adjustment device 3 on the locking tenon 205, and rotate the sleeve 302 to make the exposed scale length of the threaded rod 301 on each adjustment device 3 consistent.

[0063] Next, the clamping device 1 is assembled, the top force steel plate 101 is connected to the force-bearing steel plate 5, and a pressure sensor 6 is arranged between the two. The sliding groove steel plate 107 is welded to the main support block 2 steel pipe 201 or connected by nuts.

[0064] Finally, rotate the adjusting screw 104 to apply a jacking force between the main support block 2 and the load-bearing steel plate 5 using the jacking device 1, until the pressure sensor 6 between the jacking steel plate 101 and the load-bearing steel plate 5 displays the required pressure.

[0065] Finally, one end of an inclined steel bar is connected to the hoisting hole on the main support block 2, and the other end is welded firmly to the vertical main reinforcement on the bored pile of the foundation pit support structure. Only after the main support can be hoisted on the support pile can the next section of the foundation pit be excavated. When the foundation pit has multiple main supports, the above steps are repeated.

[0066] When the main support is removed, first remove the jacking force on the jacking device 1, then remove the adjusting device 3 and the hinge pins on the hinge end 204 of the main support block. At this time, there is no connection between the main support blocks 2, and the main support is suspended on the support pile only by the inclined bars.

[0067] Connect the main support block 2 to be dismantled to the hook and apply force, while cutting the corresponding diagonal rib on the main support block 2. Then, dismantle the main support block 2 from the beginning until all the main support blocks 2 are dismantled. Since the main support block 2 is relatively light, it can be held stable by the tension of the diagonal rib, and safety can be guaranteed during dismantling.

[0068] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated, detachable lumbar beam support structure, characterized in that: The main support block (2) is a circular structure composed of multiple steel pipes (201). The main support block (2) is a circular structure composed of multiple steel pipes (201) with their ends hinged together. Two adjacent steel pipes (201) are also connected by an adjustment device (3). The outer ring of the steel pipe (201) is also provided with a tightening device (1). The tightening device (1) can extend outward. The ends of multiple tightening devices (1) abut against the load-bearing steel plate (5) of the foundation pit support (4). A pressure sensor (6) is provided between the load-bearing steel plate (5) and the tightening device (1). The structure of the clamping device (1) is as follows: the sliding steel plate (107) is provided with bearing seats (106) at both ends, the adjusting screw (104) is rotatably connected to the two bearing seats (106), the adjusting screw (104) is provided with two sections of thread, the two sections of thread have opposite directions of rotation, the adjusting screw (104) is provided with two adjusting nuts (103), the adjusting nuts (103) are respectively threaded to the two sections of thread, the adjusting nuts (103) are hinged with connecting rods (102), and the ends of the two connecting rods (102) are hinged to the clamping steel plate (101); Rotating the adjusting screw (104) drives two adjusting nuts (103) to cause the two connecting rods (102) to push the top plate (101) outward; The lower surface of the top-load steel plate (101) is also provided with an adjustment groove (108). One end of the balance rod (109) is slidably connected to the adjustment groove (108), and the other end is hinged to the middle of the connecting rod (102). The steel pipe (201) has an arc-shaped structure. The sliding steel plate (107) of the clamping device (1) is fixed to the steel pipe (201) by multiple nuts. The two ends of the steel pipe (201) are provided with hinged ends (204) that can match each other. The two steel pipes (201) are hinged together by pins (206). The structure of the adjusting device (3) is as follows: it includes two threaded rods (301), the threads of the two threaded rods (301) are opposite, and the two threaded rods (301) are threadedly connected to the sleeve (302); The threaded rod (301) is also provided with a U-shaped connector (304) at the end, and the U-shaped connector (304) is connected to the locking tenon (205) on the steel pipe (201) by a pin; A scale (303) is also provided on the threaded rod body (301).

2. The assembled detachable waist beam support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of the two adjusting nuts (103) are slidably connected to the grooves of the sliding steel plate (107); A bearing (105) is provided between the bearing housing (106) and the adjusting screw (104).

3. The assembled detachable lumbar beam support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the balance rod (109) is provided with a locking nut (110). The locking nut (110) passes through the end of the balance rod (109) and the adjusting slide (108) and is threadedly connected to the locking bolt (111). The rod body of the locking nut (110) is slidably connected to the adjusting slide (108).

4. The assembled detachable lumbar beam support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring of the steel pipe (201) is provided with a locking tenon (205), and the two ends of the adjusting device (3) are respectively connected to the locking tenons (205) of the adjacent steel pipe (201); The adjustment device (3) is used to adjust the angle change between adjacent steel pipes (201) so that the main support block (2) forms a circular structure.

5. The assembled detachable waist beam support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pipe (201) is filled with concrete (202) and also has multiple inwardly extending shears (203) inside.

6. The method of using the prefabricated detachable wainscoting support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes: S1. Excavate the foundation pit to the design elevation of the main support bottom. Clean the foundation pit wall at the main support position to expose the support piles. Then, use rebar or other effective measures to pre-embed and fix the load-bearing steel plate (5) on the foundation pit support (4). S2. Then clean and compact the bottom of the main support of the foundation pit, hoist the pre-processed main support block (2) into the foundation pit and connect it into a ring with pins, install the adjustment device (3) on the locking tenon (205), and rotate the sleeve (302) to make the exposed scale length of the threaded rod (301) on each adjustment device (3) consistent. S3. Then assemble the clamping device (1), connect the clamping steel plate (101) to the bearing steel plate (5), and arrange the pressure sensor (6) between them. Weld the sliding steel plate (107) to the main support block (2) steel pipe (201) or connect it with the nut. S4. Finally, rotate the adjusting screw (104) to make the clamping device (1) apply a clamping force between the main support block (2) and the load-bearing steel plate (5) until the pressure sensor (6) between the clamping steel plate (101) and the load-bearing steel plate (5) shows that the pressure has reached the required level. S5. Finally, one end of an inclined steel bar is connected to the hoisting hole on the main support block (2), and the other end is welded firmly to the vertical main bar on the bored pile of the foundation pit support structure. Only after the main support is hoisted on the support pile can the next section of the foundation pit be excavated. When there are multiple main supports in the foundation pit, repeat the above steps. S6. When the main support is removed, first remove the jacking force on the jacking device (1), then remove the adjusting device (3) and the hinge pins on the hinge end (204) of the main support block. At this time, there is no connection between the main support blocks (2), and the main support is suspended on the support pile by the inclined bars. S7. Connect the main support block (2) to be dismantled to the hook and apply force. At the same time, cut the upper diagonal bar of the corresponding main support block (2). Then lift the main support block (2) to the designated position outside the pit through the hook. Repeat until all the main support blocks (2) are dismantled. Since the main support block (2) is relatively light, it can be lifted steadily by the tension of the diagonal bar alone. Safety can be guaranteed during dismantling.

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