A green and environmentally friendly capsule for preventing the spread of debris flows

Abstract

The present invention discloses a capsule for green environmental protection against debris flow spread, comprising an outer membrane and internal substances. It is characterized in that the outer membrane is composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a plasticizer, and the internal substances are composed of starch acrylate polymer, a dispersant, and a stabilizer. The present invention has high-strength water absorption. Each capsule can absorb more than 300 times its own weight of water. During the whole water absorption process, the water absorption speed is fast and the water absorption process is efficient. The product of the present invention can play a rapid response in areas where debris flows occur suddenly, effectively reduce the movement speed of debris flows, and reduce casualties and property losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention application type relates to the technical field of debris flow prevention and control, and specifically relates to a capsule for green and environment-friendly prevention and control of debris flow diffusion. Background Art

[0002] Debris flow refers to a special flood in mountainous areas or other areas with deep valleys and precipitous terrains, which is caused by heavy rain or other natural disasters, resulting in landslides and carrying a large amount of sediment and stones. Debris flow has the characteristics of suddenness, fast flow velocity, large flow rate, large material capacity and strong destructive power. When debris flow occurs, it often washes away transportation facilities such as highways and railways, and even villages and towns, causing huge losses.

[0003] At present, the prediction and prevention and control of debris flow mainly include the following aspects:

[0004] 1. Prevention and control system for preventing and weakening debris flow activities - through biological measures and engineering measures, protect and manage the basin environment, and eliminate or weaken the conditions for debris flow occurrence;

[0005] 2. Prevention and control system for controlling debris flow movement - adopt engineering measures such as retaining dams, check dams, drainage ditches, sedimentation basins, etc., adjust and guide the flow path and sedimentation site of debris flow, and reduce disaster damage losses;

[0006] 3. Protection engineering system for preventing debris flow hazards - build engineering such as aqueducts, culverts, tunnels, open galleries, slope protection, retaining walls, spur dikes, groynes, etc. to protect important hazard objects;

[0007] 4. Prediction, forecasting and disaster relief system - for residents, enterprises and important engineering facilities seriously threatened by debris flow, relocate and evacuate in time, and effectively carry out emergency rescue during disasters to reduce disaster damage losses.

[0008] However, correspondingly, the existing technologies have the following problems:

[0009] 1. In case of emergencies such as sudden debris flow, it is impossible to quickly and effectively prevent and weaken the activities and diffusion of debris flow, and there is a lack of emergency plans to minimize the harm of debris flow;

[0010] 2. In the debris flow prevention and control system, engineering measures such as retaining dams and check dams are fixed facilities, and the occurrence of debris flow is accidental. It is impossible to accurately set the positions of the defense projects. If a large number of engineering measures are used to prevent and control debris flow, the cost is too high and the economy is poor;

[0011] 3. In the protection engineering system for preventing debris flow, although engineering such as slope protection and retaining walls can provide protection measures for important dangerous objects, such projects need to be regularly maintained and supported by a large amount of labor and financial resources, and do not have the ability to handle emergencies;

[0012] In the prediction, forecasting and disaster relief systems, debris flows occur rapidly and suddenly. Therefore, when a disaster occurs, the prediction system may be affected by too many other factors and unable to reduce the speed and scale of the debris flow, resulting in the threatened residents being unable to evacuate from the dangerous area in time. Summary of the Invention

[0013] To solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related technologies, the present invention application provides a capsule for green environmental protection against debris flow diffusion.

[0014] It includes an outer membrane and internal substances. The outer membrane is composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a plasticizer, and the internal substances are composed of starch acrylate polymer, a dispersant, and a stabilizer.

[0015] The main function of the outer membrane is to wrap the internal substances to prevent them from getting damp or being damaged. Therefore, materials with high strength and good water resistance need to be selected, and at the same time, a certain degree of flexibility and ductility should be increased to adapt to different situations. PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) will be used as the main material, and polyacrylate can be used as the plasticizer, and the ratio can be carried out according to the following proportion:

[0016] PVA (polyvinyl alcohol): 70%

[0017] Plasticizer (polyacrylate): 30%

[0018] For the internal substances, materials that can solidify the ground and improve the ground vegetation degree need to be selected. Starch acrylate polymer can be selected as the solidifying material, while the dispersant and stabilizer can improve its dispersibility and stability. The ratio can be carried out according to the following proportion:

[0019] Starch acrylate polymer: 60%

[0020] Dispersant: 20%

[0021] Stabilizer: 20%

[0022] Furthermore, the plasticizer is one or several of polyethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.

[0023] Furthermore, the dispersant is fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester.

[0024] Furthermore, the stabilizer is phosphite.

[0025] Furthermore, each capsule weighs 10.6 g, has a volume of about 0.01 cm3, and is colorless and odorless.

[0026] Furthermore, the constituent substances of the capsule are all biodegradable substances, and the degraded substances do not cause harm to the environment.

[0027] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit the present invention application.

[0028] Advantageous technical effects of the present invention:

[0029] 1. The present invention has high-strength water absorption. Each capsule can absorb more than 300 times its own weight of water. During the entire water absorption process, the water absorption speed is fast and the water absorption process is efficient.

[0030] 2. The present invention is small in volume and has the characteristics of being transferable and portable. When sudden accidents occur, it can be allocated as needed.

[0031] 3. The present invention is inexpensive and can be mass-produced and stored, with long-term effectiveness.

[0032] 4. The present invention belongs to a green, harmless and biodegradable product, and the degradation products are mainly water and carbon dioxide.

[0033] 5. The product of the present invention can respond quickly in areas where debris flows occur suddenly, effectively reduce the movement speed of debris flows, and reduce casualties and property losses.

[0034] 6. The product of the present invention does not require regular maintenance, does not require a large amount of cost investment, and can be reused. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the debris flow diffusion range of the present invention application (the flat plate inclination slope is 16) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0036] The optional embodiments of the present invention application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Although the optional embodiments of the present invention application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention application more thorough and complete, and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present invention application to those skilled in the art.

[0037] The terms used in the present invention application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention application. The singular forms "a", "the" and "said" used in the present invention application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0038] The following will describe in detail the capsules for green environmental protection against debris flow diffusion of the present invention application with reference to the drawings, as follows:

[0039] A green and environmentally friendly capsule for preventing debris flow from spreading, comprising an outer membrane and internal substances, characterized in that the outer membrane is composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a plasticizer, and the internal substances are composed of starch acrylate polymer, a dispersant, and a stabilizer.

[0040] The main function of the outer membrane is to wrap the internal substances to prevent them from getting damp or being damaged. Therefore, materials with high strength and good water resistance need to be selected, and at the same time, a certain degree of flexibility and ductility should be increased to adapt to different situations. PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) will be used as the main material, and polyacrylate can be used as the plasticizer. The ratio can be carried out according to the following proportions:

[0041] PVA (polyvinyl alcohol): 70%

[0042] Plasticizer (polyacrylate): 30%

[0043] For the internal substances, materials that can solidify the ground and improve the ground vegetation degree need to be selected. Starch acrylate polymer can be selected as the solidifying material, while the dispersant and stabilizer can improve its dispersibility and stability. The ratio can be carried out according to the following proportions:

[0044] Starch acrylate polymer: 60%

[0045] Dispersant: 20%

[0046] Stabilizer: 20%

[0047] When a debris flow disaster breaks out, a large number of the designed products are put into the direction of the debris flow running track. The outer membrane of the capsule dissolves in water. When the outer membrane dissolves in water, it will release the internal substances of the capsule (mainly superabsorbent resin), and the superabsorbent resin will absorb hundreds of times its own weight of water. In this way, when the debris flow passes through the area where the capsules are placed, these areas will not provide new water sources for the debris flow. At the same time, some of the superabsorbent resin that has not absorbed water will be carried into the debris flow body as debris by the moving debris flow as it spreads. As the debris flow moves and spreads and stirs, this part of the superabsorbent resin will come into full contact with the pore water in the debris flow particles, and suck out the pore water between the particles in the debris flow during the contact process, increasing the friction between the particles and reducing the running speed of the debris flow;

[0048] When the debris flow moves to a certain distance, due to obstacles such as terrain and meter-sized boulders that are not conducive to movement and diffusion, a debris flow head moving dam (temporary dam) will be formed. The energy storage time of the temporary dam is mostly long. Taking the Dongyuege debris flow as an example, the length of the temporary dam is 50m and the width is 15m. Before the temporary dam breaks, a large number of capsules are put into the dam, which can absorb the interstitial water between the particles in the dam, increase the contact area between the particles, continuously fill the gaps in the temporary dam with solid small particles, enhance the strength of the temporary dam, and provide sufficient time for the evacuation of endangered people to escape emergently. If the debris flow alluvium does not reach the energy capacity to wash away the temporary dam, the reinforced temporary dam will play a role in blocking the debris flow.

[0049] When the debris flow head moving dam (temporary dam) formed by the debris flow is about to break, a large number of capsules are laid in the direction of the break of the temporary dam. Due to the huge energy capacity of the breaking temporary dam, an impact force exceeding each stage in the formation process will be formed. When the strongly impacting debris flow passes through the area where a large number of capsules are laid in advance, the superabsorbent resin in the capsules will absorb the pore water that provides lubrication for the debris flow, thereby reducing the diffusion range and running speed of the debris flow and reducing the impact damage to endangered people and buildings.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the plasticizer is one or more of polyethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant is fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stabilizer is phosphite.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the weight of each capsule is 10.6g, the volume is about 0.01 cm3, and it is colorless and odorless.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the constituent substances of the capsule are all biodegradable substances, and the substances after degradation do not cause harm to the environment.

[0055] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention application. The above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The choice of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technologies in the market, or to enable other ordinary technical personnel in the technical field to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A capsule for green environmental protection against debris flow spread, comprising an outer membrane and internal substances, characterized in that, The outer membrane is composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a plasticizer, and the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to the plasticizer is 7:

3. The internal substance is composed of a starch acrylate polymer, a dispersant fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester, and a stabilizer phosphite ester, and the mass ratio of the starch acrylate polymer, the dispersant, and the stabilizer is 3:1:

1.

2. The capsule according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasticizer is one or more of polyethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.

3. The capsule according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each capsule weighs 10.6 g and is colorless and odorless.

4. The capsule according to claim 1, characterized in that, The components of the capsule are all biodegradable substances, and the degraded substances do not harm the environment.

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