A gas generating agent and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention is a gas generating agent and its preparation method, comprising a binder: 15% to 30%, a plasticizer: 1% to 15%, an oxidant: 60% to 80%, and a curing agent: 1% to 8%. The oxidant is a perchlorate-based molecular perovskite energetic material, preferably (C6H 14 N2)[NH4(ClO4)3](DAP‑4), (C4H 12 N2)[NH4(ClO4)3](PAP-4) or a combination of two thereof. The gas generant prepared by the present invention does not contain metal powder and has the characteristics of low gas molecular weight, high gas production, clean combustion products, and low solid residue content. It is also applicable to a wide range of binder systems and has the characteristics of easy adjustment of properties such as burning rate, combustion temperature, and gas production. It is particularly suitable for specialty gas generators with high gas production requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of composite solid propellant fuel gas generators, and in particular relates to a fuel gas generator and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Among various submarine performances, anti-sinking performance, which is related to survivability, is particularly important. In response to accidents such as damage to the submarine compartment causing water ingress or rudder jamming, emergency surfacing must be achieved through gas blowing. For this purpose, a high-yield fuel gas generator is required.

[0003] The more low-molecular-weight gases produced by combustion of a given gas generator, the greater the gas output. For submarines carrying the same mass of gas generator, high-yield gas generators offer greater performance advantages, significantly enhancing their survivability. By adjusting the oxygen balance in the gas generator, incomplete combustion can occur, increasing the number of low-molecular-weight products such as CO, H₂, and CH₄, thereby reducing the average molecular weight of the gas and increasing the gas output per unit mass of the gas generator.

[0004] According to Chinese patent CN 106278771 B, the perovskite energetic compound ABX3 exhibits excellent detonation performance and good safety properties, along with a low oxygen balance (theoretical calculation results are shown in Table 1). However, existing literature and patents lack reports on the application of molecular perovskite energetic materials in the field of gas generants, nor do they mention research on high-yield gas generants.

[0005] Table 1

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem solved by the present invention is to provide a gas generant and a preparation method thereof. In this method, under the same ratio conditions, a perovskite-type energetic compound is used to replace the commonly used oxidant ammonium perchlorate to improve the gas production level of the existing gas generant, so as to be used in special gas generators with higher gas production requirements.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a gas generating agent, comprising the following components in percentage by mass (unless otherwise specified, the proportions used in the present invention are by mass):

[0009] Adhesive: 15-30%;

[0010] Plasticizer: 1-8%;

[0011] Oxidant: 60-80%;

[0012] Curing agent: 1-8%;

[0013] The oxidant is a perchlorate-based molecular perovskite energetic material.

[0014] Preferably, the oxidant is (C6H 14 N2)[NH4(ClO4)3](DAP-4),(C4H 12 N2)[NH4(ClO4)3](PAP-4) or a combination of two.

[0015] Preferably, the adhesive comprises one or a combination of hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), hydroxy-terminated ethylene oxide-tetramethylene oxide copolyether (PET), glycidyl azide ether (GAP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and 3,3-diazidemethyloxybutane-tetramethylene oxide copolyether (PBT).

[0016] Preferably, the plasticizer is one or a combination of dioctyl sebacate (DOS), acetyl triethyl citrate (ATC), nitroglycerin (NG), N-butyl-2-nitroxyethylnitramine (Bu-NENA), 1,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN), and triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN).

[0017] Preferably, the curing agent is one or a combination of toluene diisocyanate (TDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) or multifunctional isocyanate (N-100).

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gas generant. In an environment with a humidity of less than 15gH2O / kg dry air, the individual components are accurately weighed and added to a mixer in sequence. The rotation speed is controlled at 60 to 100r / min, the mixing temperature is controlled at 43 to 58°C, the mixing time is controlled at 60 to 90min, and the vacuum degree is controlled at ≤0.3MPa for 15min before discharging. The material is discharged after the system is completely mixed. The slurry is vacuum-cast into a product mold or a combustion chamber, and placed in a drying room or oven at 50 to 70°C for curing for 5 to 7 days to obtain a gas generant product.

[0019] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned gas generating agent, which is applied to the gas dewatering and buoyancy of a submarine.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The oxidant used in the present invention is a perchlorate-based molecular perovskite energetic material, preferably (C6H 14 N2)[NH4(ClO4)3](DAP-4),(C4H 12N2)[NH4(ClO4)3](PAP-4) has an oxygen balance lower than that of currently commonly used oxidants and does not contain metal ions. After combustion, the amount of small molecular weight gas increases, significantly increasing the gas production of the gas generating agent by more than 18%.

[0022] (2) The oxidant used in the present invention can be used in an adhesive system of one or more combinations of hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), hydroxy-terminated ethylene oxide-tetramethylene oxide copolyether (PET), glycidyl azide (GAP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and 3,3-diazidemethyloxybutane-tetramethylene oxide copolyether (PBT), and has excellent compatibility with a variety of currently used adhesive systems.

[0023] (3) The present invention provides a method for preparing a high-gas-yield fuel gas generant, which has a simple preparation process and is conducive to scientific research and scale-up production.

[0024] The gas generating agent of the present invention is suitable for gas generators and other fast gas generating devices. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A gas generating agent, the components and corresponding properties of which are as follows:

[0028] (1) Composition of gas generating agent

[0029]

[0030] (2) Gas generant performance

[0031]

[0032] Comparative Example 1

[0033] A gas generating agent, the components and corresponding properties of which are as follows:

[0034] (1) Composition of gas generating agent

[0035]

[0036] (2) Gas generant performance

[0037]

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A gas generating agent, the components and corresponding properties of which are as follows: (1) Composition of the gas generating agent

[0040]

[0041] (2) Gas generant performance

[0042]

[0043] Comparative Example 2

[0044] A gas generating agent, the components and corresponding properties of which are as follows: (1) Composition of the gas generating agent

[0045]

[0046] (2) Gas generant performance

[0047]

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A gas generating agent, the components and corresponding properties of which are as follows: (1) Composition of the gas generating agent

[0050]

[0051] (2) Gas generant performance

[0052]

[0053] Comparative Example 3

[0054] A gas generating agent, the components and corresponding properties of which are as follows: (1) Composition of the gas generating agent

[0055]

[0056] (2) Gas generant performance

[0057]

[0058] Example 4

[0059] A gas generating agent, the components and corresponding properties of which are as follows: (1) Composition of the gas generating agent

[0060]

[0061] (2) Gas generant performance

[0062]

[0063] Comparative Example 4

[0064] A gas generating agent, the components and corresponding properties of which are as follows:

[0065] (1) Composition of gas generating agent

[0066]

[0067] (2) Gas generant performance

[0068]

[0069] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of professionals in this field.

Claims

1. A gas generating agent, characterized in that: The following raw material components are included in percentage by mass: Adhesive: HTPB 15.0; Oxidant: DAP-4 80.0; Plasticizer: DOS 3.5; Curing agent: IPDI 1.5; or: Adhesive: GAP 25.0; Oxidant: DAP-4 60.0; Plasticizer: NG+TEGDN 13.0; Curing agent: TDI+N-100 2.

0.

2. A method for preparing a gas generating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: Weigh each component and add them into the mixer in order for mixing. Discharge the material after the system is completely mixed. Vacuum pour the slurry into the product mold or combustion chamber, and obtain the gas generant product after solidification.

3. The method for preparing a gas generating agent according to claim 2, wherein: In an environment with a humidity of less than 15gH2O / kg dry air, weigh each component and add them into the mixer in order.

4. The method for preparing a gas generating agent according to claim 2, wherein: When mixing in the mixer, control the speed to 60-100 r / min, the mixing temperature to 43-58°C, the mixing time to 60-90 min, and the vacuum degree to ≤0.3 MPa 15 min before discharging.

5. The method for preparing a gas generating agent according to claim 2, wherein: The curing process is to place the product in a drying room or oven at 50-70°C for 5-7 days.

6. A use of the gas generating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is used in the gas dewatering and buoyancy of submarines.

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