Rail transit shock absorption mechanism

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of rail transit technology, specifically a rail transit shock-absorbing mechanism; it comprises a sleeper rail and a rail, wherein the sleeper rail is provided with an insulating buffer pad, an iron pad lower height adjustment pad, an iron pad, a rail lower height adjustment pad and a rail underpad in sequence from bottom to top, the top of the rail underpad fits with the bottom of the rail, and two anchor bolts are symmetrically threaded on both sides of the sleeper rail, and the top of the anchor bolt extends to the top of the iron pad; the present invention can evenly disperse the vibration energy on the rail through the buffer blocks evenly distributed on the rail underpad, and further achieves the effect of reducing vibration by converting the vibration energy into heat energy generated by friction between the shock-absorbing blocks and the wedge blocks, and reduces the pressure on the rail underpad subjected to vibration. Through this structure, the shock-absorbing system of the rail underpad is enriched, the shock-absorbing effect is improved, the rapid aging of the rail underpad is avoided, and the service life of the rail underpad is extended.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rail transportation, and in particular relates to a rail transportation shock absorbing mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of urban rail transit has led to a significant increase in vibration. Urban rail transit, especially subway tracks, inevitably pass through densely populated areas and under important buildings. The vibration generated by trains severely impacts people's daily lives and work. Therefore, reducing vibration in urban rail transit and promoting a more harmonious relationship between humans and nature has become a widespread concern.

[0003] In the prior art, when designing a shock-absorbing structure for rails in urban rails, a plurality of pads are usually laid on the sleeper rails, and the pads and rails are fixed together by fasteners and anchor bolts, so that when the rails are subjected to vibration, the rail pads under the rails cooperate with other pads to achieve a shock-absorbing effect. However, the existing shock-absorbing systems are relatively simple, and most of them achieve shock absorption through rail pads, which are mostly made of rubber. This causes the rail pads to age easily during use, greatly reducing their service life and requiring frequent inspections and replacements by staff.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a rail transit shock absorbing mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology and solve the problem that the existing shock absorption system is relatively simple, most of them achieve shock absorption through rail pads, and the rail pads are mostly rubber components, which causes the rail pads to age easily during use, greatly reducing their service life and requiring frequent inspections and replacements by staff. The present invention proposes a rail transit shock absorption mechanism.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: a rail transit shock-absorbing mechanism described in the present invention comprises a sleeper rail and a steel rail, wherein the sleeper rail is provided with an insulating buffer pad, an iron pad lower height adjustment pad, an iron pad, a rail lower height adjustment pad and a rail lower pad in sequence from bottom to top, the top of the rail lower pad fits the bottom of the rail, two anchor bolts are symmetrically threaded on both sides of the sleeper rail, the top of the anchor bolt extends to the top of the iron pad, two fasteners are symmetrically installed on both sides of the iron pad, the fasteners are adapted to the rail, a plurality of buffer blocks are evenly fixed on the top of the rail lower pad, a shock-absorbing block is fixed to the bottom center of the rail lower pad, and the side walls of the shock-absorbing block are all inclined surfaces. A groove is provided at the top center of the under-rail height adjustment pad, and sliding grooves are provided on the inner walls on all four sides of the groove. Wedge blocks are slidably connected in the four sliding grooves, and the wedge blocks are in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid, and the inclined surface of the wedge blocks fits the inclined surface of the shock-absorbing blocks. A shock-absorbing assembly is provided on the inner wall of the sliding groove; the buffer blocks evenly distributed on the under-rail pad can evenly disperse the vibration energy on the rail, and the vibration energy is converted into heat energy generated by friction between the shock-absorbing blocks and the wedge blocks, thereby further achieving the effect of reducing vibration and reducing the pressure on the under-rail pad caused by vibration. This structure enriches the shock-absorbing system of the under-rail pad, improves the shock-absorbing effect, avoids the rapid aging of the under-rail pad, and extends its service life.

[0007] Preferably, two buffer plates are symmetrically provided in the inner cavity of the buffer block, and the buffer plates are in the shape of corrugated plates. A plurality of buffer strips are provided between the two buffer plates, and the buffer strips are in the shape of X. Because the buffer plates and the buffer strips are both flexible material components, the buffer plates and the buffer strips will deform when subjected to vibration, thereby absorbing the energy generated by the vibration, thereby improving the shock absorption effect.

[0008] Preferably, the shock absorbing assembly includes a second energy absorbing plate and a buffer column. The second energy absorbing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove. The second energy absorbing plate is in a grid shape. A plurality of buffer columns are evenly fixedly connected to the second energy absorbing plate, and the buffer columns fit with the wedge block. The buffer columns evenly distributed at multiple points on the second energy absorbing plate can quickly reduce the sliding tendency of the wedge block, thereby achieving the effect of indirectly reducing vibration. The second energy absorbing plate can absorb the energy generated by the sliding impact of the wedge block, thereby further reducing the sliding tendency of the wedge block.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of groups of V-grooves are provided on the top and bottom of the inner wall of the slide groove, and a plurality of groups of extrusion parts are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the wedge block, and the extrusion parts are slidably connected to the V-grooves; by converting the kinetic energy of the sliding of the wedge block into heat energy generated by the friction between the extrusion parts and the inner wall of the V-groove, the sliding tendency of the wedge block is further reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of indirectly reducing vibration.

[0010] Preferably, the extrusion piece is composed of two right-angled trapezoidal blocks, and a spring sheet is fixed between the opposite side end faces of the two right-angled trapezoidal blocks, and the spring sheet is Z-shaped; through the spring sheet provided between the two right-angled trapezoidal blocks, the right-angled trapezoidal blocks can still fit with the inner wall of the V-shaped groove after long-term friction, and generate friction during vibration.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure plate is provided above the under-rail height adjustment plate, and the pressure plate is in a U-shape. A plurality of shock-absorbing columns are evenly fixed to the top of the under-rail height adjustment plate, and the shock-absorbing columns are evenly distributed at the bottom of the pressure plate, and the top of the shock-absorbing columns fits with the bottom of the pressure plate, and the top of the pressure plate fits with the bottom of the under-rail plate; the vibration of the under-rail plate can be reduced by the plurality of shock-absorbing columns evenly provided below the pressure plate, and at the same time, the design of the pressure plate and the shock-absorbing columns enables the vibration of the outer side of the under-rail plate to be directly transmitted to the bottom, and the shock absorption is completed by the shock-absorbing columns.

[0012] Preferably, circular grooves are provided at the four corners of the top of the pressure plate, and circular blocks are fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the rail pad, and the circular blocks fit into the circular grooves; through the cooperation between the circular grooves on the pressure plate and the circular blocks at the bottom of the rail pad, it is convenient for staff to assist in positioning when replacing the rail pad after aging.

[0013] Preferably, an energy absorbing cavity is provided in the under-rail height adjustment pad, and the energy absorbing cavity is in the shape of a U-shaped U-shaped, and multiple groups of energy absorbing plates are provided in the energy absorbing cavity, and the energy absorbing plates are in a wavy shape. A supporting plate is inlaid on the top of the under-rail height adjustment pad, and the supporting plate is in the shape of a U-shaped ...

[0014] Preferably, guide blocks are fixed to the four outer walls of the rail height adjustment pad, multiple groups of clamping plates are fixed to the top of the iron pad, guide grooves are provided on the inner walls of the clamping plates, and the guide blocks are slidably connected to the guide grooves; the rail height adjustment pad can be limited and installed by the multiple groups of clamping plates provided on the iron pad, and the sliding cooperation between the guide grooves provided on the clamping plates and the guide blocks on the side walls of the rail height adjustment pad facilitates the installation of the rail height adjustment pad.

[0015] Preferably, two rectangular grooves 2 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the bottom of the iron pad, and two rectangular grooves 2 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the top of the insulating buffer pad. Rectangular blocks are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top and bottom of the iron pad lower height adjustment pad, and the rectangular blocks are adapted to both rectangular groove 1 and rectangular groove 2. Through the cooperation between the rectangular blocks provided on the upper and lower sides of the iron pad lower height adjustment pad and the rectangular groove 1 provided on the insulating buffer pad and the rectangular groove 2 provided on the iron pad, it is convenient for the staff to quickly position the iron pad lower height adjustment pad, the insulating buffer pad and the iron pad when installing them.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The rail transit shock-absorbing mechanism described in the present invention can evenly disperse the vibration energy on the rail through the buffer blocks evenly distributed on the rail pad. By converting the vibration energy into heat energy generated by the friction between the shock-absorbing blocks and the wedge blocks, the vibration is further reduced, and the pressure on the rail pad subjected to vibration is alleviated. This structure enriches the shock-absorbing system of the rail pad, improves the shock-absorbing effect, avoids the rapid aging of the rail pad, and extends its service life.

[0018] 2. The rail transit shock-absorbing mechanism described in the present invention can quickly reduce the sliding tendency of the wedge block through the buffer columns evenly distributed at multiple points on the energy-absorbing plate 2. The energy-absorbing plate 2 can absorb the energy generated by the sliding impact of the wedge block, further reducing the sliding tendency of the wedge block, thereby achieving the effect of indirectly reducing vibration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the buffer block in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a first partial exploded view of the iron plate in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a second partial exploded view of the iron plate in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the center rail bottom plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the lower height adjustment pad of the middle rail of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the lower height adjustment pad of the middle rail of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a wedge block in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an extrusion member in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the energy absorbing plate 1 in the present invention;

[0033] In the figure: 1. sleeper rail; 2. steel rail; 3. insulating buffer pad; 31. rectangular groove 1; 4. iron pad lower height adjustment pad; 41. rectangular block; 5. iron pad; 51. rectangular groove 2; 52. clamping plate; 53. guide groove; 6. rail lower height adjustment pad; 61. shock-absorbing column; 62. pressure plate; 621. circular groove; 63. guide block; 64. wedge block; 641. extrusion piece; 642. spring piece; 65. support plate; 66. energy absorbing plate 1; 67. energy absorbing plate 2; 68. buffer column; 69. V-shaped groove; 7. rail pad; 71. buffer block; 711. buffer plate; 712. buffer strip; 72. shock-absorbing block; 73. circular block; 8. fastener; 9. anchor bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figures 1-13As shown, a rail transit shock-absorbing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a sleeper rail 1 and a steel rail 2, wherein the sleeper rail 1 is provided with an insulating buffer pad 3, an iron pad lower height adjustment pad 4, an iron pad 5, a rail lower height adjustment pad 6 and a rail lower pad 7 in sequence from bottom to top, the top of the rail lower pad 7 is fitted with the bottom of the rail 2, two anchor bolts 9 are symmetrically threaded on both sides of the sleeper rail 1, the top of the anchor bolt 9 extends to the top of the iron pad 5, two fasteners 8 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the iron pad 5, the fastener 8 is adapted to the rail 2, a plurality of buffer blocks 71 are evenly fixed on the top of the rail lower pad 7, a shock-absorbing block 72 is fixed on the bottom center of the rail lower pad 7, and the side walls of the shock-absorbing block 72 are all inclined surfaces, a groove is provided at the top center of the rail lower height adjustment pad 6, and slide grooves are provided on the four inner walls of the groove, and wedge blocks 6 are slidably connected in the four slide grooves. 4. The wedge block 64 is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid, and the inclined surface of the wedge block 64 fits with the inclined surface of the shock-absorbing block 72. A shock-absorbing assembly is provided on the inner wall of the slide groove. During operation, when the train passes over the rail 2 and generates vibration, the vibration energy on the rail 2 can be evenly dispersed through the buffer blocks 71 evenly distributed on the rail pad 7. When the rail 2 vibrates, it drives the rail pad 7 to slide downward, so that the shock-absorbing block 72 slides downward and squeezes the four wedge blocks 64. The wedge block 64 is squeezed and slides into the slide groove until it fits with the shock-absorbing assembly. At this time, friction is generated between the shock-absorbing block 72 and the wedge block 64. By converting the vibration energy into heat energy generated by the friction between the shock-absorbing block 72 and the wedge block 64, the vibration reduction effect is further achieved. The sliding tendency of the wedge block 64 can be reduced by the shock-absorbing assembly, thereby reducing the sliding tendency of the shock-absorbing block 72, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing vibration.

[0036] Two buffer plates 711 are symmetrically arranged in the inner cavity of the buffer block 71. The buffer plates 711 are in the shape of corrugated plates. A plurality of buffer strips 712 are arranged between the two buffer plates 711. The buffer strips 712 are X-shaped. During operation, when vibration is transmitted to the buffer block 71, since the buffer plates 711 and the buffer strips 712 are both flexible material components, the buffer plates 711 and the buffer strips 712 will deform when vibrated, thereby absorbing the energy generated by the vibration, thereby improving the shock absorption effect.

[0037] The shock absorbing assembly includes an energy absorbing plate 2 67 and a buffer column 68. The energy absorbing plate 2 67 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide groove. The energy absorbing plate 2 67 is in a grid shape. A plurality of buffer columns 68 are evenly fixedly connected to the energy absorbing plate 2 67. The buffer columns 68 fit with the wedge block 64. During operation, when the wedge block 64 slides into the slide groove to squeeze the buffer columns 68 and the energy absorbing plate 2 67, the buffer columns 68 evenly distributed at multiple points on the energy absorbing plate 2 67 can quickly reduce the sliding tendency of the wedge block 64, thereby achieving the effect of indirectly reducing vibration. The energy absorbing plate 2 67 can absorb the energy generated by the sliding impact of the wedge block 64, thereby further reducing the sliding tendency of the wedge block 64.

[0038] The top and bottom of the inner wall of the slide are provided with a plurality of groups of V-grooves 69, and the top and bottom of the wedge block 64 are fixed with a plurality of groups of extrusion members 641, and the extrusion members 641 are slidably connected with the V-grooves 69; during operation, when the wedge block 64 slides into the slide, the extrusion members 641 slide in the V-grooves 69 and rub against the inner wall of the V-grooves 69, and the sliding tendency of the wedge block 64 is further reduced by converting the kinetic energy of the sliding of the wedge block 64 into heat energy generated by the friction between the extrusion members 641 and the inner wall of the V-grooves 69, thereby achieving the purpose of indirectly reducing vibration.

[0039] The extrusion piece 641 is composed of two right-angled trapezoidal blocks, and a spring piece 642 is fixed between the opposite side end faces of the two right-angled trapezoidal blocks, and the spring piece 642 is Z-shaped; when working, the spring piece 642 provided between the two right-angled trapezoidal blocks enables the right-angled trapezoidal blocks to still fit with the inner wall of the V-shaped groove 69 after long-term friction, and generate friction during vibration.

[0040] A pressure plate 62 is provided above the under-rail height adjustment pad 6, and the pressure plate 62 is in a U-shape. A plurality of shock-absorbing columns 61 are evenly fixed to the top of the under-rail height adjustment pad 6, and the shock-absorbing columns 61 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the pressure plate 62, and the top of the shock-absorbing column 61 fits with the bottom end of the pressure plate 62, and the top of the pressure plate 62 fits with the bottom of the under-rail pad 7; during operation, when the under-rail pad 7 slides downward due to vibration, the pressure plate 62 slides downward and squeezes the shock-absorbing column 61. The plurality of shock-absorbing columns 61 evenly provided below the pressure plate 62 can reduce the vibration of the under-rail pad 7. At the same time, the design of the pressure plate 62 and the shock-absorbing column 61 enables the vibration received by the outer side of the under-rail pad 7 to be directly transmitted to the bottom, and shock absorption is completed by the shock-absorbing column 61.

[0041] Circular grooves 621 are provided at the four corners of the top of the pressure plate 62, and circular blocks 73 are fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the rail pad 7, and the circular blocks 73 fit in the circular grooves 621; during operation, the cooperation between the circular grooves 621 on the pressure plate 62 and the circular blocks 73 at the bottom of the rail pad 7 facilitates the staff to assist in positioning when replacing the rail pad 7 after aging.

[0042] An energy absorbing cavity is provided in the under-rail height adjustment pad 6, and the energy absorbing cavity is in the shape of a U-shaped U-shaped. A plurality of energy absorbing plates 66 are provided in the energy absorbing cavity, and the energy absorbing plates 66 are in a wavy shape. A supporting plate 65 is inlaid on the top of the under-rail height adjustment pad 6, and the supporting plate 65 is in the shape of a U-shaped ...

[0043] Guide blocks 63 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the four sides of the rail height adjustment pad 6, and multiple groups of clamping plates 52 are fixedly connected to the top of the iron pad 5. Guide grooves 53 are provided on the inner side walls of the clamping plates 52, and the guide blocks 63 are slidably connected to the guide grooves 53; when working, the rail height adjustment pad 6 can be limited and installed by the multiple groups of clamping plates 52 provided on the iron pad 5, and the sliding cooperation between the guide grooves 53 provided on the clamping plates 52 and the guide blocks 63 on the side walls of the rail height adjustment pad 6 facilitates the installation of the rail height adjustment pad 6, which plays an auxiliary guiding role.

[0044] Two rectangular grooves 51 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the bottom of the iron pad 5, and two rectangular grooves 51 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the top of the insulating buffer pad 3. Rectangular blocks 41 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top and bottom of the iron pad lower adjustment pad 4, and the rectangular blocks 41 are adapted to the rectangular groove 1 31 and the rectangular groove 2 51. During operation, the rectangular blocks 41 provided on the upper and lower sides of the iron pad lower adjustment pad 4 and the rectangular groove 1 31 provided on the insulating buffer pad 3 and the rectangular groove 2 51 provided on the iron pad 5 cooperate with each other, so that the staff can quickly position the iron pad lower adjustment pad 4, the insulating buffer pad 3 and the iron pad 5 when installing them.

[0045] Working principle: when the train passes over the rail 2 and vibrates, the evenly distributed buffer blocks 71 on the rail pad 7 can evenly disperse the vibration energy on the rail 2. When the rail 2 vibrates, it will drive the rail pad 7 to slide downward, causing the shock-absorbing block 72 to slide downward and squeeze the four wedge blocks 64. The wedge blocks 64 are squeezed and slide into the slide groove until they fit into the shock-absorbing assembly. At this time, friction is generated between the shock-absorbing block 72 and the wedge blocks 64. By converting the vibration energy into heat energy generated by the friction between the shock-absorbing block 72 and the wedge blocks 64, the vibration reduction effect is further achieved. The shock-absorbing assembly can reduce the sliding tendency of the wedge block 64, and then reduce the sliding tendency of the shock-absorbing block 72, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing vibration. The punch plate 711 and the buffer strip 712 are both flexible material components, so that the buffer plate 711 and the buffer strip 712 will deform when they are subjected to vibration, thereby absorbing the energy generated by the vibration and improving the shock absorption effect. When the wedge block 64 slides into the slide groove to squeeze the buffer column 68 and the energy absorbing plate 2 67, the buffer columns 68 evenly distributed at multiple points on the energy absorbing plate 2 67 can quickly reduce the sliding tendency of the wedge block 64, thereby achieving the effect of indirectly reducing vibration. The energy generated by the sliding impact of the wedge block 64 can be absorbed by the energy absorbing plate 2 67, further reducing the sliding tendency of the wedge block 64, and converting the kinetic energy of the sliding of the wedge block 64 into heat energy generated by the friction between the extrusion piece 641 and the inner wall of the V-groove 69, so that the sliding tendency of the wedge block 64 is reduced. The vibration of the rail pad 7 is further reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of indirectly reducing the vibration. The spring piece 642 provided between the two right-angled trapezoidal blocks enables the right-angled trapezoidal blocks to still fit with the inner wall of the V-shaped groove 69 after long-term friction, and generate friction during vibration. When the rail pad 7 slides downward due to vibration, the pressure plate 62 slides downward and squeezes the shock-absorbing column 61. The multiple groups of shock-absorbing columns 61 evenly provided below the pressure plate 62 can reduce the vibration of the rail pad 7. At the same time, the design of the pressure plate 62 and the shock-absorbing column 61 makes it possible for the vibration of the outer side of the rail pad 7 to be directly transmitted to the bottom, and the shock absorption is completed by the shock-absorbing column 61. The cooperation between the circular groove 621 provided on the pressure plate 62 and the circular block 73 provided at the bottom of the rail pad 7 facilitates work. When the under-rail pad 7 is replaced after aging, personnel perform auxiliary positioning. The support plate 65 on the under-rail height adjustment pad 6 can transfer the vibration energy that the shock-absorbing column 61 cannot absorb to the energy-absorbing plate 1 66, so that the energy-absorbing plate 1 66 can extend after absorbing the energy and rub against other energy-absorbing plates 1 66 until the vibration energy is completely converted into heat energy, and the energy-absorbing plate 1 66 returns to its original shape. The wavy energy-absorbing plate 1 66 can further absorb the vibration energy. The under-rail height adjustment pad 6 can be limited and installed by multiple groups of clamping plates 52 provided on the iron pad 5. The sliding cooperation between the guide groove 53 provided on the clamping plate 52 and the guide block 63 on the side wall of the under-rail height adjustment pad 6 facilitates the installation of the under-rail height adjustment pad 6 and plays an auxiliary guiding role.The cooperation between the rectangular blocks 41 on the upper and lower sides of the iron plate lower height adjustment plate 4 and the rectangular groove 1 31 on the insulating buffer plate 3 and the rectangular groove 2 51 on the iron plate 5 facilitates the rapid positioning of the iron plate lower height adjustment plate 4, the insulating buffer plate 3 and the iron plate 5 when the workers install them.

[0046] The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, up and down are all based on the Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rail transit shock absorbing mechanism, characterized by: The invention comprises a sleeper rail (1) and a steel rail (2), wherein the sleeper rail (1) is provided with an insulating buffer pad (3), an iron pad lower height adjustment pad (4), an iron pad (5), a rail lower height adjustment pad (6) and a rail lower pad (7) in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the top of the rail lower pad (7) is fitted with the bottom of the steel rail (2), two anchor bolts (9) are symmetrically threaded on both sides of the sleeper rail (1), the top of the anchor bolt (9) extends to the top of the iron pad (5), and two fasteners (8) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the iron pad (5), and the fasteners (8) are adapted to the steel rail (2). , a plurality of buffer blocks (71) are evenly fixed on the top of the rail bottom pad (7), a shock-absorbing block (72) is fixed on the bottom center of the rail bottom pad (7), and the side walls of the shock-absorbing block (72) are all inclined surfaces. A groove is provided at the top center of the rail bottom height adjustment pad (6), and a slide groove is provided on the four inner walls of the groove. Wedge blocks (64) are slidably connected in the four slide grooves. The wedge blocks (64) are in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid, and the inclined surface of the wedge blocks (64) fits the inclined surface of the shock-absorbing block (72). A shock-absorbing component is provided on the inner wall of the slide groove; Two buffer plates (711) are symmetrically arranged in the inner cavity of the buffer block (71), the buffer plates (711) are in the shape of corrugated plates, and multiple groups of buffer strips (712) are arranged between the two buffer plates (711), the buffer strips (712) are in an X shape; The shock absorbing assembly includes a second energy absorbing plate (67) and a buffer column (68). The second energy absorbing plate (67) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the chute. The second energy absorbing plate (67) is in a grid shape. A plurality of buffer columns (68) are evenly fixedly connected to the second energy absorbing plate (67). The buffer columns (68) are in contact with the wedge block (64). The top and bottom of the inner wall of the chute are both provided with a plurality of groups of V-shaped grooves (69), the top and bottom of the wedge block (64) are both fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of extrusion members (641), and the extrusion members (641) are slidably connected to the V-shaped grooves (69); The extrusion piece (641) is composed of two right-angled trapezoidal blocks, and a spring piece (642) is fixed between the opposite side end surfaces of the two right-angled trapezoidal blocks, and the spring piece (642) is Z-shaped.

2. A rail transit shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing plate (62) is provided above the rail height adjustment pad (6), and the pressing plate (62) is in a U-shape. A plurality of groups of shock-absorbing columns (61) are evenly fixed to the top of the rail height adjustment pad (6), and the shock-absorbing columns (61) are evenly distributed at the bottom of the pressing plate (62), and the top of the shock-absorbing columns (61) fits with the bottom of the pressing plate (62), and the top of the pressing plate (62) fits with the bottom of the rail pad (7).

3. The rail transit shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: Circular grooves (621) are provided at the four corners of the top of the pressure plate (62), and circular blocks (73) are fixed at the four corners of the bottom of the rail bottom pad (7), and the circular blocks (73) are fitted with the circular grooves (621).

4. The rail transit shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: An energy absorbing cavity is provided in the rail height adjustment pad (6), and the energy absorbing cavity is in the shape of a square. A plurality of energy absorbing plates (66) are provided in the energy absorbing cavity, and the energy absorbing plates (66) are in the shape of a wave. A supporting plate (65) is embedded on the top of the rail height adjustment pad (6), and the supporting plate (65) is in the shape of a square. The top of the supporting plate (65) is in contact with the bottom end of the shock absorbing column (61), and the energy absorbing plate (66) is in contact with the bottom of the supporting plate (65).

5. The rail transit shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: Guide blocks (63) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the four sides of the rail height adjustment pad (6); a plurality of groups of clamping plates (52) are fixedly connected to the top of the iron pad (5); guide grooves (53) are provided on the inner side walls of the clamping plates (52); and the guide blocks (63) are slidably connected to the guide grooves (53).

6. The rail transit shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two rectangular grooves (51) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the bottom of the iron pad (5), and two rectangular grooves (51) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the top of the insulating buffer pad (3). Rectangular blocks (41) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top and bottom of the iron pad lower height adjustment pad (4), and the rectangular blocks (41) are adapted to both the rectangular groove (31) and the rectangular groove (51).

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