Open pit filling method

Abstract

The open pit filling method of the present invention includes the following steps: extending a filling pipe into the open pit; using the filling pipe to fill the open pit with filling slurry until a filling layer having a thickness less than a first preset value is formed in the open pit, thereby forming a filling body within the filling layer; sequentially filling the open pit from bottom to top to form a plurality of filling bodies stacked in a vertical direction; wherein, during the formation of each filling body, a sump is formed within each filling layer, and after the water in the sump is drained using a drainage device, the sump is filled with the filling slurry. Therefore, the open pit filling method according to the present invention has the advantage of facilitating drainage, thereby reducing water accumulation in the fill material after the open pit is filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mining technology, in particular to an open pit filling method. Background Art

[0002] The open pits and subsidence pits left behind by mining operations have caused significant environmental damage. The transition from open pit to underground mining faces the following challenges: The steep slopes of the open pits require long-term stability to protect surrounding facilities such as spoil dumps and tailings ponds. When open pit mining is converted to underground mining, the large amount of water collected in the pits can easily flow into the mine through various channels, posing a risk of flooding. Tailings backfill is commonly used in related technologies, but during the backfilling process, the backfill layer contains a high amount of water, making it difficult to drain the accumulated water. This is especially true for very large open pits with tailings filling exceeding 10 million tons. Filling efficiency is slow, and dehydration and backfill maintenance are difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a.

[0004] The open pit filling method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0005] Extend the filling pipeline into the open pit;

[0006] Filling the filling slurry into a filling layer in the open pit having a thickness less than a first preset value by using the filling pipeline to form a filling body in the filling layer;

[0007] Filling the open pit from bottom to top in sequence to form a plurality of the filling bodies stacked in the vertical direction;

[0008] Wherein, in the process of forming each of the filling bodies, a sump is formed in each of the filling layers. After the water in the sump is drained by a drainage device, the sump is filled with filling slurry.

[0009] Therefore, the open pit filling method according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage of facilitating drainage, thereby reducing water accumulation in the fill material after filling the open pit.

[0010] In some embodiments, during the filling process of each of the filling layers, the sump is formed at the edge of each of the filling layers.

[0011] In some embodiments, each of the filling layers has a first end and a second end in the first direction;

[0012] Filling slurry is injected into the filling layer in the first direction from the first end to the second end by the filling pipeline to form the sump at the second end of each filling layer, and a road adjacent to the second end is arranged in the open pit.

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of the filling pipelines are circumferentially spaced apart in the open pit, and the outlet of each filling pipeline is located at an edge of the filling layer;

[0014] a first portion of the plurality of filling lines being adjacent to the first end;

[0015] A second portion of the plurality of filling pipes is adjacent to the second end portion, and after the water in the sump is drained, at least a portion of the second portion injects filling slurry into the sump;

[0016] The third part of the multiple filling pipelines is located between the first part and the second part in the first direction. After the first part injects filling slurry into the filling layer, the multiple filling pipelines of the third part inject filling slurry into the filling layer in sequence along the first direction from the first end to the second end.

[0017] In some embodiments, each of the first portion, the second portion, and the third portion includes at least one filling line;

[0018] At least part of the first portion and the third portion can simultaneously inject filling slurry into the filling layer;

[0019] The third portion and a portion of the second portion may be injected into the filling layer at the same time.

[0020] In some embodiments, a filling station is used to deliver filling slurry to multiple filling pipelines, and the filling capacity of each filling pipeline is greater than or equal to 250m 3 / h;

[0021] The tailings concentrating device of the filling station provides tailings slurry to the stirring device, and the stirring device uses the tailings slurry to prepare the filling slurry.

[0022] In some embodiments, there are multiple filling stations, each filling pipeline is connected to at least one filling station, each filling station includes multiple tailings concentrating devices, and each tailings concentrating device provides the tailings slurry to multiple stirring devices;

[0023] The diameter of the sand bin of each tailings concentration device is greater than or equal to 20m;

[0024] The filling pipeline is a DN225 seamless steel pipe;

[0025] The filling capacity of each filling pipeline is 300m 3 / h.

[0026] In some embodiments, the plurality of filling stations include a first filling station, a second filling station, and a third filling station, wherein the first filling station provides tailings slurry for at least part of the first part and the third part, the second filling station provides tailings slurry for at least part of the first part and at least part of the second part, and the third filling station provides tailings slurry for at least part of the second part and the third part.

[0027] In some embodiments, a top protection pillar is reserved below the bottom of the open pit and is not mined and has a thickness direction in the vertical direction;

[0028] An annular boundary pillar that is not mined is reserved on the peripheral side of the bottom of the open pit. The bottom of the boundary pillar is connected to the top protection pillar and defines a pillar groove facing upward.

[0029] In some embodiments, a first steel frame is provided at the bottom of the open pit, and the bottom of the open pit is filled with a filling slurry so that a bottom plate layer is formed at the bottom of the open pit after the filling slurry is formed;

[0030] Filling the bottom plate layer with a filling slurry so that a backfill layer is formed on the bottom plate layer after the filling slurry is formed, and the compressive strength of the bottom plate layer is greater than or equal to the compressive strength of the backfill layer;

[0031] At least part of the backfill layer and the bottom layer are located in the pillar trench;

[0032] Each of the base layer and the backfill layer includes at least one filling body.

[0033] In some embodiments, the bottom of the open pit is leveled and rolled to form a bottom platform at the bottom of the open pit;

[0034] The base plate layer includes a direct base plate layer and an indirect base plate layer, the thickness of the direct base plate layer is smaller than the thickness of the indirect base plate layer, and the compressive strength of the direct base plate layer is greater than the compressive strength of the indirect base plate layer;

[0035] The backfill layer includes a transition layer and multiple sub-backfill layers, wherein the bottom platform, the direct floor layer, the indirect floor layer, the transition layer and the multiple sub-backfill layers are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the compressive strengths of the direct floor layer, the indirect floor layer, the transition layer and the sub-backfill layers decrease in sequence, and at least a portion of the transition layer is located in the pillar trench;

[0036] Each of the direct base layer, the indirect base layer, the transition layer, and the sub-backfill layer includes at least one filling body.

[0037] In some embodiments, the size of each filling layer in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to 2.5 m and less than or equal to 5 m;

[0038] Each filling layer forms at least one sump, and the depth of the sump is greater than or equal to 2m. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a bottom plate layer and a backfill layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a filling layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a filling bottom plate layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a filling and backfilling layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a top pillar and a boundary pillar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Reference numerals:

[0045] Open pit 1,

[0046] Filling line 2,

[0047] a first pipeline 201, a second pipeline 202, a third pipeline 203, a fourth pipeline 204, a fifth pipeline 205, a sixth pipeline 206, a seventh pipeline 207, an eighth pipeline 208, a ninth pipeline 209, an eleventh pipeline 211, a twelfth pipeline 212, a thirteenth pipeline 213, a fourteenth pipeline 214, a fifteenth pipeline 215, a sixteenth pipeline 216, a seventeenth pipeline 217, an eighteenth pipeline 218, a nineteenth pipeline 219, a twentieth pipeline 220, a twenty-first pipeline 221, a twenty-second pipeline 222, a twenty-third pipeline 223, a twenty-fourth pipeline 224, a twenty-fifth pipeline 225, a twenty-sixth pipeline 226, a twenty-seventh pipeline 227, and a twenty-eighth pipeline 228;

[0048] Collection pit 3, first collection pit 31, second collection pit 32;

[0049] Filling layer 4, first end 41, second end 42;

[0050] Floor layer 51, direct floor layer 511, indirect floor layer 512, backfill layer 52, transition layer 521, sub-backfill layer 522, top protection pillar 53, boundary pillar 54;

[0051] Filling station 6, first filling station 61, second filling station 62, third filling station 63;

[0052] Stirring device 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0054] The following describes an open pit filling method according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the open pit filling method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0055] Extend the filling pipe 2 into the open pit 1.

[0056] The filling slurry is filled into the filling layer 4 with a thickness less than a first preset value by using the filling pipeline 2 so as to form a filling body in the filling layer 4 .

[0057] The open pit 1 is filled in sequence from bottom to top to form a plurality of filling layers 4 stacked in the vertical direction.

[0058] In the process of forming each filling body, a sump 3 is formed in each filling layer 4. After the water in the sump 3 is drained by a drainage device, the sump 3 is filled with filling slurry.

[0059] The open pit filling method according to an embodiment of the present invention is to fill the open pit 1 from bottom to top in sequence and form a plurality of filling bodies stacked in the vertical direction. In this way, the filling of the open pit 1 can be completed, so as to prevent a large amount of water from gushing into the well and facilitate the restoration of the ecological environment. In the process of forming each filling body, a sump 3 is formed in each filling layer 4. After the water in the sump 3 is drained by a drainage device, the sump 3 is filled with filling slurry. Specifically, when each filling layer 4 is filled, the filling slurry is temporarily not injected into a part of the filling layer 4 so that a sump 3 with an opening facing upward is formed at this position. After the water in the sump 3 is drained by a drainage device, the sump 3 is filled with filling slurry, thereby completing the filling of the filling layer 4 and forming a filling body. The number of sump 3 formed in each filling layer 4 can be one or more. That is, for each layer of filling material, water is collected by forming a sump 3, thereby facilitating the drainage device to drain the water within each filling layer 4, thereby reducing the amount of water accumulated within the multiple filling layers 4, and thus reducing the amount of water accumulated in the filling material within the open pit 1 after filling. The thickness of the filling layer 4 is less than the first preset value, thereby reducing the thickness of each filling layer 4, thereby facilitating the collection of accumulated water in the sump 3, thereby further reducing the difficulty of drainage.

[0060] Therefore, the open pit filling method according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage of facilitating drainage, thereby reducing water accumulation in the fill material after the open pit 1 is filled.

[0061] In some embodiments, during the filling process of each filling layer 4, a sump 3 is formed at the edge of each filling layer 4. That is, the sump 3 is adjacent to the edge of each filling layer 4 so that accumulated water can be collected at the edge of the filling layer 4, thereby facilitating the transportation and installation of the drainage device and also facilitating the extension of the drainage device into the sump 3. For example, if the drainage device includes a pontoon pump and a pump station, forming a sump 3 at the edge of each filling layer 4 can facilitate the extension of the pontoon pump into the sump 4.

[0062] In some embodiments, the size of each filling layer 4 in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to 2.5 m and less than or equal to 5 m. For example, the size of each filling layer 4 in the vertical direction is 3 m.

[0063] In some embodiments, each filling layer 4 forms at least one sump 3, and the depth of the sump 3 is greater than or equal to 2 m. For example, the depth of the sump 3 is equal to 2 m.

[0064] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, each filling layer 4 has a first end 41 and a second end 42 in a first direction. The first direction may be a front-to-back direction, the first end 41 may be the front end of each filling layer 4, and the second end 42 may be the rear end of each filling layer 4. The up-down direction and the front-to-back direction are indicated by arrows in the figure.

[0065] Filling slurry is injected into the filling layer 4 in a first direction from the first end 41 to the second end 42 using the filling pipe 2 to form a sump 3 at the second end 42 of each filling layer 4. A road is provided in the open pit 1 adjacent to the second end 42. The sump 3 is adjacent to the road, allowing the drainage device to be moved to a position adjacent to the sump 3 via the road, thereby facilitating the movement and installation of the drainage device. For example, filling slurry is injected into the filling layer 4 from front to back using the filling pipe 2 to form a sump 3 at the rear end of each filling layer 4. A road is provided in the open pit 1 adjacent to the rear end of the filling layer 4.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, a top pillar 53, which is not mined and has a vertical thickness, is reserved below the bottom of the open pit 1. A circular boundary pillar 54, which is not mined, is reserved around the bottom of the open pit 1. The bottom of the boundary pillar 54 is connected to the top pillar 53 and defines an upward-facing pillar slot. Specifically, the top pillar 53 is disc-shaped with a vertical thickness and is located at the bottom of the open pit 1. The sides of the top pillar 53 are connected to the bottom of the boundary pillar 54. As a result, the top pillar 53 and the boundary pillar 54 separate the open pit 1 from the underground stope, preventing water from entering the open pit 1 from entering the underground stope. The pillar slot can also serve as a water reservoir for the open pit 1, draining water from the open pit 1 during the filling process. Both the top pillar 53 and the boundary pillar 54 have a predetermined thickness.

[0067] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, a first steel frame is set at the bottom of the open pit 1, and the bottom of the open pit 1 is filled with filling slurry. The filling slurry can cover the first steel frame so that a bottom plate layer 51 is formed at the bottom of the open pit 1 after the filling slurry is formed.

[0068] The floor layer 51 includes a direct floor layer 511 and an indirect floor layer 512. The thickness of the direct floor layer 511 is smaller than that of the indirect floor layer 512, and the compressive strength of the direct floor layer 511 is greater than that of the indirect floor layer 512. Specifically, the thickness of the direct floor layer 511 is greater than 10 meters and less than or equal to 30 meters, and the thickness of the indirect floor layer 512 is greater than 30 meters and less than or equal to 50 meters. For example, the thickness of the direct floor layer 511 is 20 meters, and the thickness of the indirect floor layer 512 is 40 meters.

[0069] Specifically, the bottom of the open pit 1 is leveled and rolled to form a bottom platform at the bottom of the open pit 1, and a first steel frame is set on the bottom platform. The bottom platform is filled with a first filling slurry and a plurality of filling bodies are formed from bottom to top, so that the plurality of filling bodies cover the first steel frame and form a direct bottom plate layer 511, and the water accumulation in the direct bottom plate layer 511 is reduced. After the direct bottom plate layer 511 is cured (curing time is greater than or equal to 7 days), the direct bottom plate layer 511 is filled with a second filling slurry and a plurality of filling bodies are formed from bottom to top to form an indirect bottom plate layer 512 (curing time is greater than or equal to 7 days), and the water accumulation in the indirect bottom plate layer 512 is reduced. In this way, the filling of the bottom plate layer 51 is completed, and the water accumulation in the bottom plate layer 51 is reduced.

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom plate layer 51 is filled with filling slurry, so that a backfill layer 52 is formed on the bottom plate layer 51 after the filling slurry is formed, and the compressive strength of the bottom plate layer 51 is greater than or equal to the compressive strength of the backfill layer 52.

[0071] The backfill layer 52 includes a transition layer 521 and multiple sub-backfill layers 522. Specifically, after the bottom layer 51 is cured, the third backfill slurry is used to fill the bottom layer 51 and form multiple backfill bodies from bottom to top. These backfill bodies cover the bottom layer 51 and form the transition layer 521, thereby reducing water accumulation within the transition layer 521. After the transition layer 521 is cured (curing time is greater than or equal to 7 days), the fourth backfill slurry is used to fill the transition layer 521 and form multiple backfill bodies from bottom to top. These backfill bodies also form multiple sub-backfill layers 522, thereby reducing water accumulation within the multiple sub-backfill layers 522. Thus, the backfill layer 52 is filled, and water accumulation within the backfill layer 52 is reduced.

[0072] At least a portion of the backfill layer 52 and the floor layer 51 are located within the pillar trench. Specifically, the bottom platform, direct floor layer 511, indirect floor layer 512, transition layer 521, and multiple sub-backfill layers 522 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. At least a portion of the transition layer 521, the direct floor layer 511, and the indirect floor layer 512 are located within the pillar trench. For example, the lower portion of the transition layer 521 is located within the pillar trench.

[0073] The compressive strength of the direct base layer 511, the indirect base layer 512, the transition layer 521, and the sub-backfill layer 522 decreases in sequence. For example, the mass proportion (concentration) of tailings in the first filling material slurry, the second filling material slurry, the third filling material slurry, and the fourth filling material slurry decreases in sequence, thereby causing the strength of the first filling material slurry, the second filling material slurry, the third filling material slurry, and the fourth filling material to decrease in sequence, thereby causing the compressive strength of the direct base layer 511, the indirect base layer 512, the transition layer 521, and the sub-backfill layer 522 to decrease in sequence. For example, the compressive strength of the direct base layer 511 is greater than or equal to 3 MPa, the compressive strength of the indirect base layer 512 is greater than or equal to 1.5 MPa, the compressive strength of the transition layer 521 is greater than or equal to 1 MPa, and the compressive strength of the sub-backfill layer 522 is greater than or equal to 0.5 MPa.

[0074] Each of the floor layer 51 and the backfill layer 52 includes at least one filler. Specifically, each of the direct floor layer 511, the indirect floor layer 512, the transition layer 521, and the sub-backfill layer 522 includes at least one filler. This reduces the amount of water accumulated within each of the direct floor layer 511, the indirect floor layer 512, the transition layer 521, and the sub-backfill layer 522. In some embodiments, multiple filling pipelines 2 are circumferentially spaced within the open pit 1, with the outlet of each filling pipeline 2 positioned at the edge of the filling layer 4. This allows the open pit 1 to be filled using multiple filling pipelines 2, thereby improving filling efficiency.

[0075] The plurality of filling lines 2 include a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, and each of the first portion, the second portion, and the third portion includes at least one filling line 2 .

[0076] The first portion (the outlet of) the plurality of filling pipes 2 is adjacent to the first end 41. During the filling process of each filling layer 4, the first portion of the filling pipes 2 first fills the filling layer 4, so that the first portion is used to inject the filling slurry into the filling layer 4 in a first direction from the first end 41 to the second end 42, thereby facilitating the formation of a sump 3 at the second end 42 of each filling layer 4. For example, the first portion of the plurality of filling pipes 2 is adjacent to the front end of the filling layer 4, and the first portion is used to first fill the filling layer 4, so that the filling slurry is filled from front to back.

[0077] The second portion (the outlet of) the plurality of filling pipes 2 is adjacent to the second end 42. After the water in the sump 3 is drained, at least a portion of the second portion injects the filling slurry into the sump 3. After the filling slurry forms a sump 3 within the filling layer 4 and the accumulated water collects in the sump 3, the water in the sump 3 is drained using a drainage device. Then, at least a portion of the second portion of the filling pipes 2 injects the filling slurry into the sump 3 to complete the filling of the filling layer 4. For example, the second portion adjacent to the rear end of the filling layer 4 can be used to fill the sump 3 with the filling slurry.

[0078] The third portion (the outlet) of the plurality of filling pipes 2 is located between (the outlet) of the first portion and (the outlet) of the second portion in the first direction. After the first portion injects the filling slurry into the filling layer 4, the plurality of filling pipes 2 of the third portion sequentially inject the filling slurry into the filling layer 4 in the first direction from the first end 41 to the second end 42. Specifically, after the first portion fills the filling layer 4 with a certain height of filling slurry, the plurality of filling pipes 2 of the third portion sequentially inject the filling slurry into the filling layer 4 in the first direction from the first end 41 to the second end 42, thereby further injecting the filling slurry into the filling layer 4, and injecting the filling slurry into the filling layer 4 in the first direction from the first end 41 to the second end 42, thereby facilitating the formation of a sump 3 at the second end 42 of each filling layer 4. For example, after the first part fills the filling layer 4 with a certain height of filling slurry, the multiple filling pipes 2 of the third part inject the filling slurry into the filling layer 4 from front to back in sequence, thereby further injecting the filling slurry into the filling layer 4 from front to back, thereby facilitating the formation of a sump 3 at the rear end of the filling layer 4.

[0079] In some embodiments, at least part of the first and third parts can simultaneously inject filling slurry into the filling layer 4. Specifically, after the first part fills the filling layer 4 with filling slurry to a certain height, a part of the third part can start filling to improve filling efficiency.

[0080] The third part and a part of the second part can simultaneously inject filling slurry into the filling layer 4. Specifically, after the third part is filled to a certain height, a part of the second part can begin to be filled in order to improve the filling efficiency.

[0081] In some embodiments, the filling station 6 is used to transport the filling slurry into multiple filling pipelines 2, and the filling capacity of each filling pipeline 2 is greater than or equal to 250m 3 / h. The tailings concentrating device can increase the concentration of the tailings paddle. The tailings concentrating device of the filling station 6 provides tailings slurry to the stirring device 7 of the filling station 6. The stirring device 7 uses the tailings slurry to prepare the filling slurry. Specifically, the filling station 6 is also equipped with ancillary facilities such as a flocculant addition device and an underflow pumping system. The stirring device 7 mixes the tailings paddle, coagulant material and water to form the filling slurry. For example, the filling pipeline 2 is a DN225 seamless steel pipe; the filling capacity of each filling pipeline 2 is 300m 3 / h, the stirring device 7 is a vertical stirrer.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, in a specific embodiment, when filling each filling layer 4 of the bottom plate layer 51, there is one filling station 6 and nine filling pipelines 2. One filling station 6 transports filling slurry into the nine filling pipelines 2. The nine filling pipelines 2 include a first pipeline 201, a second pipeline 202, a third pipeline 203, a fourth pipeline 204, a fifth pipeline 205, a sixth pipeline 206, a seventh pipeline 207, an eighth pipeline 208, and a ninth pipeline 209. Specifically, the first pipeline 201 and the second pipeline 202 are the first part of the multiple filling pipelines 2, and the outlet of the first pipeline 201 and the outlet of the second pipeline 202 are adjacent to the front end of the filling layer 4; the eighth pipeline 208 and the ninth pipeline 209 are the second part of the multiple filling pipelines 2, and the outlet of the eighth pipeline 208 and the outlet of the ninth pipeline 209 are adjacent to the rear end of the filling layer 4; the third pipeline 203, the fourth pipeline 204, the fifth pipeline 205, the sixth pipeline 206 and the seventh pipeline 207 are the third part of the multiple filling pipelines 2, and the outlet of each of the third pipeline 203, the fourth pipeline 204, the fifth pipeline 205, the sixth pipeline 206 and the seventh pipeline 207 is located between the outlet of the first part and the outlet of the second part in the front-to-back direction.

[0083] When filling each filling layer 4, the first and second pipelines 201 and 202 prioritize delivering filling slurry to the filling layer 4. After the filling slurry reaches a height of approximately 3 meters, it flows rearward in a fan-shaped pattern with a 3% slope. The third and fourth pipelines 203 and 204 are then opened. After closing the first and second pipelines 201 and 202, the sixth and seventh pipelines 206 and 207 are sequentially opened, ensuring that the number of filling pipelines 2 simultaneously injecting filling slurry is less than or equal to 4. This forms a sump 3 at the lowest point of the rear end of the filling layer 4, with a depth of greater than or equal to 2 meters. Once the first sump 31 is formed, the water in it is drained using a drainage device, and then the eighth pipeline 208 is opened to fill the first sump 31. Once the second sump 32 is formed, the water in it is drained using a drainage device, and then the ninth pipeline 209 is opened to fill the second sump 32.

[0084] In some embodiments, there are multiple filling stations 6, and each filling pipeline 2 is connected to at least one filling station 6. For example, a portion of the filling pipeline 2 is connected to two filling stations 6, so that the two filling stations 6 can provide filling slurry for one filling pipeline 2.

[0085] Each filling station 6 includes multiple tailings concentrating devices, each of which provides tailings slurry to multiple stirring devices 7. Specifically, for ultra-large open pits 1, including multiple tailings concentrating devices in each filling station 6 can improve tailings processing capacity. The diameter of the sand bin of each tailings concentrating device is greater than or equal to 20m, thereby improving the concentrating capacity of the tailings concentrating device so that each tailings concentrating device can provide concentrated tailings slurry to multiple stirring devices 7. For example, each filling station 6 includes two tailings concentrating devices, each of which has a sand bin diameter greater than or equal to 26m. Each tailings concentrating device provides tailings slurry to three stirring devices 7, which in turn can provide filling slurry to three filling pipelines 2.

[0086] In some embodiments, the multiple filling stations 6 include a first filling station 61, a second filling station 62 and a third filling station 63, the first filling station 61 provides tailings slurry for at least part of the first part and the third part, the second filling station 62 provides tailings slurry for at least part of the first part and at least part of the second part, and the third filling station 63 provides tailings slurry for at least part of the second part and the third part.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment, when filling each filling layer 4 of the backfill layer 52, the plurality of filling stations 6 include a first filling station 61, a second filling station 62, and a third filling station 63. There are 18 filling pipelines 2, and the three filling stations 6 are used to transport filling slurry into the 18 filling pipelines 2. The 18 filling pipelines 2 include an eleventh pipeline 211, a twelfth pipeline 212, a thirteenth pipeline 213, a fourteenth pipeline 214, a fifteenth pipeline 215, a sixteenth pipeline 216, a seventeenth pipeline 217, an eighteenth pipeline 218, a nineteenth pipeline 219, a twentieth pipeline 220, a twenty-first pipeline 221, a twenty-second pipeline 222, a twenty-third pipeline 223, a twenty-fourth pipeline 224, a twenty-fifth pipeline 225, a twenty-sixth pipeline 226, a twenty-seventh pipeline 227, and a twenty-eighth pipeline 228.

[0088] Specifically, the eleventh to twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth pipes 211 , 212 , 213 , and 214 are the first portion of the plurality of filling pipes 2 , and an outlet of each of the eleventh to twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth pipes 214 is adjacent to the front end of the filling layer 4 .

[0089] The twenty-third pipeline 223, the twenty-fourth pipeline 224, the twenty-fifth pipeline 225, the twenty-sixth pipeline 226, the twenty-seventh pipeline 227 and the twenty-eighth pipeline 228 are the second part of the multiple filling pipelines 2, and the outlet of each of the twenty-third pipeline 223, the twenty-fourth pipeline 224, the twenty-fifth pipeline 225, the twenty-sixth pipeline 226, the twenty-seventh pipeline 227 and the twenty-eighth pipeline 228 is adjacent to the rear end of the filling layer 4.

[0090] The fifteenth pipeline 215, the sixteenth pipeline 216, the seventeenth pipeline 217, the eighteenth pipeline 218, the nineteenth pipeline 219, the twentieth pipeline 220, the twenty-first pipeline 221 and the twenty-second pipeline 222 are the third part of the multiple filling pipelines 2, and the outlet of each of the fifteenth pipeline 215, the sixteenth pipeline 216, the seventeenth pipeline 217, the eighteenth pipeline 218, the nineteenth pipeline 219, the twentieth pipeline 220, the twenty-first pipeline 221 and the twenty-second pipeline 222 is located between the outlet of the first part and the outlet of the second part in the front-to-back direction.

[0091] The first filling station 61 provides filling slurry to the eleventh pipeline 211, the twelfth pipeline 212, the thirteenth pipeline 213, the fifteenth pipeline 215, the seventeenth pipeline 217, the nineteenth pipeline 219, and the twenty-first pipeline 221. The second filling station 62 provides filling slurry to the eleventh pipeline 211, the twelfth pipeline 212, the fourteenth pipeline 214, the sixteenth pipeline 216, the eighteenth pipeline 218, the twentieth pipeline 220, and the twenty-second pipeline 222. The third filling station 63 provides filling slurry to the nineteenth pipeline 219, the twenty-second pipeline 222, the twenty-third pipeline 223, the twenty-fourth pipeline 224, the twenty-fifth pipeline 225, the twenty-sixth pipeline 226, the twenty-seventh pipeline 227, and the twenty-eighth pipeline 228. The eleventh pipeline 211 , the twelfth pipeline 212 , the twenty-first pipeline 221 and the twenty-second pipeline 222 are spare pipelines of the three filling stations 6 .

[0092] When filling each filling layer 4, the eleventh pipeline 211, the twelfth pipeline 212, the thirteenth pipeline 213 and the fourteenth pipeline 214 preferentially transport the filling slurry to the filling layer 4. After the filling slurry reaches a preset height, the eleventh pipeline 211, the twelfth pipeline 212, the thirteenth pipeline 213 and the fourteenth pipeline 214 are closed.

[0093] Then open the fifteenth pipeline 215, the sixteenth pipeline 216, the seventeenth pipeline 217, the eighteenth pipeline 218, the twenty-fifth pipeline 225, the twenty-seventh pipeline 227 and the twenty-eighth pipeline 228 to form a sump 3, use the drainage device to drain the collected water in the sump 3, and use the twenty-sixth pipeline 226 and the twenty-third pipeline 223 to fill the sump 3.

[0094] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0095] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0096] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0097] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0098] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0099] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open pit filling method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Extend the filling pipeline into the open pit; Filling the filling slurry into a filling layer in the open pit having a thickness less than a first preset value by using the filling pipeline to form a filling body in the filling layer; Filling the open pit from bottom to top in sequence to form a plurality of the filling bodies stacked in the vertical direction; Wherein, in the process of forming each of the filling bodies, a sump is formed in each of the filling layers, and after the water in the sump is drained by a drainage device, the sump is filled with filling slurry; Each of the filling layers has a first end and a second end in the first direction; injecting filling slurry into the filling layer in the first direction from the first end to the second end by using the filling pipeline to form the sump at the second end of each filling layer, and providing a road adjacent to the second end in the open pit; Arrange a plurality of the filling pipelines in the open pit at intervals along the circumferential direction, and arrange the outlet of each filling pipeline at an edge of the filling layer; a first portion of the plurality of filling lines being adjacent to the first end; A second portion of the plurality of filling pipes is adjacent to the second end portion, and after the water in the sump is drained, at least a portion of the second portion injects filling slurry into the sump; The third portion of the plurality of filling pipes is located between the first portion and the second portion in the first direction. After the first portion injects the filling slurry into the filling layer, the plurality of filling pipes in the third portion sequentially inject the filling slurry into the filling layer in the first direction from the first end to the second end. Each of the first portion, the second portion, and the third portion includes at least one filling line; At least part of the first portion and the third portion can simultaneously inject filling slurry into the filling layer; The third portion and a portion of the second portion may be injected into the filling layer at the same time.

2. The open pit filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the filling process of each filling layer, the water collection pit is formed at the edge position of each filling layer.

3. The open pit filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling station is used to transport the filling slurry into the plurality of filling pipelines, and the filling capacity of each filling pipeline is greater than or equal to 250m 3 / h; The tailings concentrating device of the filling station provides tailings slurry to the stirring device, and the stirring device uses the tailings slurry to prepare the filling slurry.

4. The open pit filling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are multiple filling stations, each filling pipeline is connected to at least one filling station, each filling station includes multiple tailings concentrating devices, and each tailings concentrating device provides the tailings slurry to multiple stirring devices; The diameter of the sand bin of each tailings concentration device is greater than or equal to 20m; The filling pipeline is a DN225 seamless steel pipe; The filling capacity of each filling pipeline is 300m 3 / h.

5. The open pit filling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multiple filling stations include a first filling station, a second filling station and a third filling station, wherein the first filling station provides tailings slurry for at least part of the first part and the third part, the second filling station provides tailings slurry for at least part of the first part and at least part of the second part, and the third filling station provides tailings slurry for at least part of the second part and the third part.

6. The open pit filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top protection pillar is reserved below the bottom of the open pit and is not mined and has a thickness direction in the vertical direction; An annular boundary pillar that is not mined is reserved on the peripheral side of the bottom of the open pit. The bottom of the boundary pillar is connected to the top protection pillar and defines a pillar groove facing upward.

7. The open pit filling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first steel frame is provided at the bottom of the open pit, and the bottom of the open pit is filled with a filling slurry so that a bottom plate layer is formed at the bottom of the open pit after the filling slurry is formed; Filling the bottom plate layer with a filling slurry so that a backfill layer is formed on the bottom plate layer after the filling slurry is formed, and the compressive strength of the bottom plate layer is greater than or equal to the compressive strength of the backfill layer; At least part of the backfill layer and the bottom layer are located in the pillar trench; Each of the base layer and the backfill layer includes at least one filling body.

8. The open pit filling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Leveling and rolling the bottom of the open pit to form a bottom platform at the bottom of the open pit; The base plate layer includes a direct base plate layer and an indirect base plate layer, the thickness of the direct base plate layer is smaller than the thickness of the indirect base plate layer, and the compressive strength of the direct base plate layer is greater than the compressive strength of the indirect base plate layer; The backfill layer includes a transition layer and multiple sub-backfill layers, wherein the bottom platform, the direct floor layer, the indirect floor layer, the transition layer and the multiple sub-backfill layers are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the compressive strengths of the direct floor layer, the indirect floor layer, the transition layer and the sub-backfill layers decrease in sequence, and at least a portion of the transition layer is located in the pillar trench; Each of the direct base layer, the indirect base layer, the transition layer, and the sub-backfill layer includes at least one filling body.

9. The open pit filling method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The size of each filling layer in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to 2.5m and less than or equal to 5m; Each filling layer forms at least one sump, and the depth of the sump is greater than or equal to 2m.

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