A two-stage diffusion burner

Abstract

The application discloses a two-stage diffusion combustor, which comprises a first-stage reverse diffusion combustor, a connecting assembly and a second-stage positive diffusion combustor which are sequentially communicated from bottom to top, and an installation frame which is externally matched with the first-stage reverse diffusion combustor, the connecting assembly and the second-stage positive diffusion combustor. The two-stage diffusion combustor is combined by a standard first-stage reverse diffusion combustor and a second-stage positive diffusion combustor, a standard two-stage diffusion combustor is constructed, the generation process and the oxidation process of carbon smoke are separated, more accurate test data are provided for the detailed mechanism research of carbon smoke particles, and the development and optimization of subsequent combustion models are positively affected. Meanwhile, since the length of the diffusion flame is longer and the oxidation area of the carbon smoke particles is longer, the spatial resolution is improved, the requirement for measuring instruments is reduced, the separation of the generation and oxidation reaction of the carbon smoke particles is easier to measure and higher in precision.

Description

A two-stage diffusion burner Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of burner technology, and particularly relates to a two-stage diffusion burner. Background Technology

[0002] After more than a century of development, the internal combustion engine has become a high-efficiency, high-power-density power machine, and is now widely used in the transportation sector.

[0003] In recent years, with increasing emphasis on the ecological environment, emission regulations for internal combustion engines have become increasingly stringent. Particulate matter generated during the combustion process of internal combustion engines includes soluble organic matter and soot, with soot particles being the most significant component. my country's current National VI emission regulations impose strict limits on both the mass concentration and number density of particulate matter. Therefore, in order to reduce soot emissions from internal combustion engines to comply with emission regulations, a detailed study of the soot formation mechanism is necessary.

[0004] Currently, the basic burners used to study the formation mechanism of soot particles are mainly laminar diffusion burners, commonly including counter-current opposing diffusion flame burners and co-current coaxial diffusion flame burners. Co-current coaxial diffusion flame burners are further divided into forward diffusion burners and reverse diffusion burners. A standard forward diffusion burner consists of two concentric tubes: fuel passes through the central tube, and air passes through the outer tube. A reverse diffusion burner consists of three concentric tubes: air passes through the central tube, fuel passes through the intermediate tube, and N2 is introduced into the outer tube. To obtain a uniform airflow, glass beads and nickel foam are filled at the bottom of the intermediate and outer tubes.

[0005] Because the formation and oxidation of soot particles are coupled during combustion, it is difficult to study the individual mechanisms of these reactions. Therefore, separating the formation and oxidation of soot particles is of great significance for the detailed study of soot mechanisms. Current methods for separating particle formation and oxidation processes utilize a modified two-stage premixed burner developed by Neoh et al., based on the work of Professor Lighty's research group at the University of Utah, by Echavarria et al. and Ghiassi et al. This burner mainly consists of two premixed burners. The first-stage premixed flame is set with a high equivalence ratio to generate a large number of soot particles, while the second-stage burner introduces sufficient air to oxidize the particles generated in the first stage, thus achieving separation of soot particle formation and oxidation processes. However, this method suffers from low spatial resolution due to the short flame length and the short oxidation zone of the soot (approximately 5 mm), requiring sophisticated measuring instruments and hindering widespread research in this area. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and provide a two-stage diffusion burner. By combining a standard first-stage anti-diffusion burner with a second-stage forward diffusion burner, a standard two-stage diffusion burner is constructed, which can separate the soot generation process and the oxidation process. This will provide more accurate experimental data for the study of the detailed mechanism of soot particles and will have a positive impact on the development and optimization of subsequent combustion models. At the same time, due to the longer length of the diffusion flame, the oxidation region of soot particles is longer, which improves the spatial resolution and reduces the requirements for measuring instruments, thereby achieving easier and more accurate separation of soot particle generation and oxidation reactions.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0008] A two-stage diffusion burner includes a first-stage anti-diffusion burner, a connecting assembly, and a second-stage forward diffusion burner connected sequentially from bottom to top. The first-stage anti-diffusion burner, the connecting assembly, and the second-stage forward diffusion burner are externally fitted with an installation frame.

[0009] The mounting frame includes a top rectangular frame and support columns fixedly installed around the bottom surface of the top rectangular frame;

[0010] The upper end of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner is connected to a first stabilizing component, which is fixedly connected between the first-stage anti-diffusion burner and the connecting component.

[0011] The connecting assembly includes a connecting cylinder and a tapered metal tube arranged from bottom to top. The upper end of the tapered metal tube is fixedly connected to a connecting conduit, and the top of the connecting conduit is fixedly connected to a second stabilizing component.

[0012] An adjusting ring is fitted around the outside of the connecting cylinder. Connecting parts are fixedly installed at both ends of the outer circumference of the adjusting ring. A lifting fastener is fitted at the end of the connecting part away from the adjusting ring.

[0013] The second stabilizing component includes a hexagonal housing and stabilizing partition plate assemblies fixedly installed on the six sides inside the hexagonal housing.

[0014] Furthermore, the first stabilizing component includes a stabilizing housing and a conical guide platform fixedly installed within the stabilizing housing.

[0015] Furthermore, a first support mounting plate is installed at the lower end of the exterior of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner, and sliding track plates are slidably installed at both the front and rear ends of the exterior of the first support mounting plate. A first rectangular frame is fixedly installed at both the left and right ends of the sliding track plate.

[0016] The first rectangular sleeve is slidably installed on the outside of the support column.

[0017] Furthermore, an air inlet pipe is installed in the center of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner, and a fuel inlet pipe is fitted around the outside of the air inlet pipe, forming a fuel flow area between the fuel inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe.

[0018] A nitrogen flow zone is formed between the outer wall of the fuel inlet pipe and the inner wall of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner.

[0019] Furthermore, the stable partition plate assembly includes a middle plate and a first partition plate and a second partition plate arranged in a linear array at the left and right ends of the middle plate. The width of the plurality of first partition plates increases from left to right, and the width of the plurality of second partition plates decreases from left to right.

[0020] Furthermore, the connector includes a slidably connected positioning tube and a first connecting rod, with the end of the positioning tube away from the first connecting rod fixedly connected to an adjusting ring;

[0021] A second connecting rod is vertically installed at the end of the first connecting rod away from the positioning tube. A third connecting rod is vertically installed at both ends of the second connecting rod. A sliding long rod is fixedly installed at the end of the third connecting rod away from the second connecting rod. A rectangular outer shell is fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding long rod. The rectangular outer shell is slidably installed outside the support column.

[0022] Furthermore, the lifting fastener includes two symmetrically arranged elliptical rotating parts, a connecting shaft is fixedly installed at the center of the left side of the elliptical rotating parts, and a first motor is electrically connected to the end of the connecting shaft away from the elliptical rotating parts.

[0023] The lower end of the first motor is provided with a U-shaped motor clamp, and the two ends of the open end of the U-shaped motor clamp are respectively installed on the outside of the support column.

[0024] Furthermore, a second support mounting plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the second-stage positive diffusion burner, and a hexagonal groove that matches the hexagonal shell is opened in the center of the top surface of the second support mounting plate;

[0025] The hexagonal shell has a first through hole in the center of its top surface. A first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the first through hole and is connected to the central pipe in the second-stage positive diffusion burner.

[0026] Furthermore, the second-stage forward diffusion burner housing has a first air inlet on its exterior.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] This invention provides a two-stage diffusion burner. By combining a standard first-stage anti-diffusion burner with a second-stage forward diffusion burner, a standard two-stage diffusion burner is constructed. This allows for the separation of soot generation and oxidation processes, providing more accurate experimental data for the study of the detailed mechanism of soot particles and having a positive impact on the development and optimization of subsequent combustion models. At the same time, due to the longer length of the diffusion flame, the oxidation region of soot particles is longer, improving spatial resolution and reducing the requirements for measuring instruments. This achieves easier and more accurate separation of soot particle generation and oxidation reactions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a partial exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is a partial exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 is a partial exploded view of the structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 is a partial exploded view of the structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1, a two-stage diffusion burner includes a first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1, a connecting component 2, and a second-stage forward diffusion burner 3 connected sequentially from bottom to top. An installation frame 4 is installed on the outside of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1, the connecting component 2, and the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3.

[0044] The mounting frame 4 includes a top rectangular frame 41 and support columns 42 fixedly installed around the bottom surface of the top rectangular frame 41.

[0045] As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the upper end of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 is connected to the first stabilizing component 5, which is fixedly connected between the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 and the connecting component 2.

[0046] The first stabilizing component 5 includes a stabilizing housing 51 and a conical guide 52 fixedly installed inside the stabilizing housing 51;

[0047] The conical guide 52 is designed to be narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. This design is used to initially stabilize the inflowing and outflowing gases.

[0048] The first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 and the stabilizing housing 51 can be fixed together by a flange connection;

[0049] The lower end of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 is fitted with a first support mounting plate 11. The front and rear ends of the first support mounting plate 11 are slidably mounted with sliding rail plates 12. The left and right ends of the sliding rail plates 12 are fixedly mounted with first rectangular frames 13.

[0050] The first rectangular frame 13 is slidably installed on the outside of the support column 42;

[0051] An air inlet pipe 14 is installed in the center of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1. A fuel inlet pipe 15 is fitted on the outside of the air inlet pipe 14, and a fuel flow area 16 is formed between the fuel inlet pipe 15 and the air inlet pipe 14.

[0052] A nitrogen flow region 17 is formed between the outer wall of the fuel inlet pipe 15 and the inner wall of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1.

[0053] The first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 requires two ignition electrodes, which are located at the junction of the air inlet pipe 14 (passing through air) and the fuel inlet pipe 15 (passing through fuel), for ignition.

[0054] As shown in Figures 5 to 10, the connecting component 2 includes a connecting cylinder 21 and a tapered metal tube 22 arranged from bottom to top. The upper end of the tapered metal tube 22 is fixedly connected to a connecting conduit 23, and the top of the connecting conduit 23 is fixedly connected to a second stabilizing component 24.

[0055] An adjusting ring 211 is fitted on the outside of the connecting cylinder 21. Connecting parts 25 are fixedly installed on both the left and right ends of the outer circumference surface of the adjusting ring 211. A lifting fastener 26 is installed on the end of the connecting part 25 away from the adjusting ring 211.

[0056] The connecting cylinder 21 and the tapered metal tube 22 can be connected and fixed using a flange;

[0057] The connecting cylinder 21 and the stable outer shell 51 can be fixed together by a flange connection;

[0058] The second stabilizing component 24 includes a hexagonal housing 241 and stabilizing partition plate components 242 fixedly installed on the six sides inside the hexagonal housing 241;

[0059] The stable partition plate assembly 242 includes a middle plate 2421 and first partition plates 2422 and second partition plates 2423 arranged in a linear array at the left and right ends of the middle plate 2421. The width of the plurality of first partition plates 2422 increases from left to right, and the width of the plurality of second partition plates 2423 decreases from left to right.

[0060] This setup increases the time that combustion products are introduced into the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3, and the composition of the combustion products is more uniform, which facilitates sampling and subsequent sample analysis.

[0061] The connector 25 includes a slidably connected positioning tube 251 and a first connecting rod 252, with the end of the positioning tube 251 away from the first connecting rod 252 being fixedly connected to the adjusting ring 211;

[0062] The first connecting rod 252 is vertically mounted with a second connecting rod 253 at one end away from the positioning tube 251. Both ends of the second connecting rod 253 are vertically mounted with a third connecting rod 254. A sliding long rod 255 is fixedly mounted at one end of the third connecting rod 254 away from the second connecting rod 253. Both ends of the sliding long rod 255 are fixedly mounted with a rectangular outer shell 256. The rectangular outer shell 256 is slidably mounted on the outside of the support column 42.

[0063] The lifting fastener 26 includes two symmetrically arranged elliptical rotating parts 261. A connecting shaft 262 is fixedly installed at the center of the left side of the elliptical rotating parts 261. The end of the connecting shaft 262 away from the elliptical rotating parts 261 is electrically connected to a first motor 263.

[0064] The lower end of the first motor 263 is provided with a U-shaped motor clamp 264, and the two ends of the open end of the U-shaped motor clamp 264 are respectively installed on the outside of the support column 42.

[0065] The first motor 263 rotates the elliptical rotating part 261, thereby raising and lowering the sliding rod 255. In actual use, it realizes the automatic clamping between the connecting cylinder 21 and the tapered metal tube 22, and then connects and fixes them through the flange. This setting is used to ensure that the connecting cylinder 21 and the tapered metal tube 22 can still be in close contact even if the flange connection between the connecting cylinder 21 and the tapered metal tube 22 becomes loose after long-term use.

[0066] Among them, the elliptical rotating part 261 is closely placed at the lower end of the sliding rod 255;

[0067] With this setup, the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 and the connecting assembly 2 can be aligned and clamped together. After fixing, a flange is used for connection.

[0068] As shown in Figure 11, a second support mounting plate 31 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the second-stage positive diffusion burner 3. A hexagonal groove 311 that matches the hexagonal shell 241 is opened in the center of the top surface of the second support mounting plate 31.

[0069] A first through hole 2411 is opened in the center of the top surface of the hexagonal shell 241. A first connecting pipe 2412 is fixedly connected in the first through hole 2411. The first connecting pipe 2412 is connected to the central pipe in the second-stage positive diffusion burner 3.

[0070] The outer shell of the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3 has a first air inlet 32;

[0071] The second support mounting plate 31 is slidably mounted inside the top rectangular frame 41;

[0072] The hexagonal housing 241 is fixedly installed in the hexagonal groove 311, and the second-stage positive diffusion burner 3 is fixed to the top surface of the second support mounting plate 31 via a flange connection.

[0073] In this invention, the relevant information and functions of each component are as follows:

[0074] First-stage anti-diffusion burner 1: mainly includes a standard anti-diffusion burner, ignition electrode and switch, which generates a large number of carbon soot particles through combustion with a high equivalence ratio;

[0075] Connection component 2: mainly includes a connecting cylinder 21 and a tapered metal tube 22, which are connected by a flange to transport the combustion products of the first stage to the second stage forward diffusion burner 3;

[0076] Second-stage forward diffusion burner 3: A standard forward diffusion burner, whose central tube is connected to the first connecting tube 2412 of the connecting assembly 2, which can sample or oxidize the combustion products of the first stage;

[0077] Mounting frame 4: The carrier for the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1, the connecting assembly 2, and the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3;

[0078] The principle of this invention is as follows:

[0079] When the intake switch of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 is turned on and the ignition electrode switch is pressed, the fuel in the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 begins to burn. Due to the high equivalence ratio, this process almost only involves the formation of soot and does not involve oxidation. The combustion products containing a large number of soot particles enter the central tube of the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3 through the connecting component 2. At this time, if the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3 is not ignited, a large number of unoxidized soot particles can be obtained by directly sampling its central tube outlet. If the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3 is ignited, due to the sufficient content of oxidant, the soot particles generated by the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 will be completely oxidized here, that is, the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3 undergoes the soot oxidation process.

[0080] In summary, in this invention, the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 and the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3 are combined with each other. By utilizing the characteristics of incomplete fuel combustion in the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1 and complete fuel combustion in the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3, the soot formation reaction occurs in the first-stage anti-diffusion burner 1, while the oxidation reaction occurs in the second-stage forward diffusion burner 3, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the soot particle formation reaction and the oxidation reaction.

[0081] The design of this invention results in a longer second-stage flame with higher spatial resolution, reducing the requirements for measuring instruments; the obtained experimental data is more accurate, which is beneficial for the development and optimization of subsequent combustion models.

[0082] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0083] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage diffusion burner, characterized in that: The device includes a first-stage anti-diffusion burner (1), a connecting assembly (2), and a second-stage forward diffusion burner (3) connected sequentially from bottom to top. An installation frame (4) is externally mounted on the first-stage anti-diffusion burner (1), the connecting assembly (2), and the second-stage forward diffusion burner (3). The installation frame (4) includes a top rectangular frame (41) and support columns (42) fixedly installed around the bottom surface of the top rectangular frame (41). A first stabilizing assembly (5) is connected to the upper end of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner (1), and the first stabilizing assembly (5) is fixedly connected between the first-stage anti-diffusion burner (1) and the connecting assembly (2). The connecting assembly (2) includes a connecting cylinder (21) and a conical metal tube (22) arranged from bottom to top. A connecting conduit (23) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conical metal tube (22), and a second... Stabilizing component (24); an adjusting ring (211) is fitted on the outside of the connecting cylinder (21), and connectors (25) are fixedly installed on both the left and right ends of the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting ring (211). A lifting fastener (26) is installed on the end of the connector (25) away from the adjusting ring (211); the second stabilizing component (24) includes a hexagonal shell (241) and stabilizing partition plate components (242) fixedly installed on the six sides inside the hexagonal shell (241); the first stabilizing component (5) includes a stabilizing shell (51) and a conical guide (52) fixedly installed inside the stabilizing shell (51); the conical guide (52) is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and is used to initially stabilize the inflow and outflow gases; the first-stage anti-diffusion burner (1) and the stabilizing shell (51) can be fixedly connected by a flange; the connecting cylinder (21) and the stabilizing shell (51) can be fixedly connected by a flange.

2. The two-stage diffusion burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the first stage anti-diffusion burner (1) is fitted with a first support mounting plate (11). The front and rear ends of the first support mounting plate (11) are slidably mounted with sliding track plates (12). The left and right ends of the sliding track plates (12) are fixedly mounted with first rectangular frames (13). The first rectangular frames (13) are slidably mounted on the outside of the support column (42).

3. A two-stage diffusion burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (14) is installed in the center of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner (1), and a fuel inlet pipe (15) is fitted on the outside of the air inlet pipe (14). A fuel flow area (16) is formed between the fuel inlet pipe (15) and the air inlet pipe (14); a nitrogen flow area (17) is formed between the outer wall of the fuel inlet pipe (15) and the inner wall of the first-stage anti-diffusion burner (1).

4. A two-stage diffusion burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stable partition plate assembly (242) includes a middle plate (2421) and a first partition plate (2422) and a second partition plate (2423) arranged in a linear array at the left and right ends of the middle plate (2421). The width of the plurality of first partition plates (2422) increases from left to right, and the width of the plurality of second partition plates (2423) decreases from left to right.

5. A two-stage diffusion burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (25) includes a slidably connected positioning tube (251) and a first connecting rod (252). The end of the positioning tube (251) away from the first connecting rod (252) is fixedly connected to the adjusting ring (211). The end of the first connecting rod (252) away from the positioning tube (251) is vertically mounted with a second connecting rod (253). Both ends of the second connecting rod (253) are vertically mounted with a third connecting rod (254). The end of the third connecting rod (254) away from the second connecting rod (253) is fixedly mounted with a sliding long rod (255). Both ends of the sliding long rod (255) are fixedly mounted with a rectangular shell (256). The rectangular shell (256) is slidably mounted on the outside of the support column (42).

6. A two-stage diffusion burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting fastener (26) includes two symmetrically arranged elliptical rotating parts (261). A connecting shaft (262) is fixedly installed at the center of the left side of the elliptical rotating part (261). The end of the connecting shaft (262) away from the elliptical rotating part (261) is electrically connected to a first motor (263). The lower end of the first motor (263) is provided with a U-shaped motor clamp (264). The two ends of the open end of the U-shaped motor clamp (264) are respectively installed on the outside of the support column (42).

7. A two-stage diffusion burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the second-stage forward diffusion burner (3) is fixedly installed with a second support mounting plate (31). The top surface of the second support mounting plate (31) has a hexagonal groove (311) that matches the hexagonal shell (241). The top surface of the hexagonal shell (241) has a first through hole (2411). A first connecting pipe (2412) is fixedly connected in the first through hole (2411). The first connecting pipe (2412) is connected to the central pipe in the second-stage forward diffusion burner (3).

8. A two-stage diffusion burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second-stage positive diffusion burner (3) has a first air inlet (32) on the outside of its casing.

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